Ecological Water Conservancy Restoration Method Applicable to the Improvement of Water Environment in Agricultural Polder Areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ecological water conservancy restoration method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas. The agricultural polder areas include farmlands, ecological ponds, and ditches. This method is applied during the non-flood season when irrigation is not required and includes: (1) collecting hydrological and water quality monitoring data of the ecological ponds and ditches and sending them to a remote central control system; (2) the central control system determines the water quality classification of the ecological ponds and ditches and determines whether the water volume in the agricultural polder area is sufficient based on the monitoring data, and performs ecological water conservancy restoration according to the judgment results. The present invention is proposed for the small water bodies in agricultural polder areas with deficiencies such as blocked water volume exchange, poor water self-purification ability, and poor water environment quality. On the premise of fully ensuring flood control and drought resistance, the ecological water conservancy restoration method of the present invention can effectively improve the water environment quality of the small water bodies in agricultural polder areas; and the present invention can adopt the central control system for intelligent water conservancy regulation, and can realize intelligent ecological water conservancy restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of plain river network water environment treatment, and specifically relates to an ecological water conservancy restoration method applicable to the improvement of water environment in agricultural polder areas. Background Art

[0002] Polders in plain river network areas are generally located along lakes or rivers, and are greatly affected by agricultural activities such as planting and breeding. There are many small water bodies in the area, such as ditches, ponds, inland rivers, etc. These small water bodies have the characteristics of slow flow velocity, strong artificial interference, and poor water environment quality. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body is high, the self-purification ability is low, and the load of nitrogen and phosphorus entering the rivers and lakes is large, resulting in serious eutrophication of the surrounding rivers and lakes, low transparency and dissolved oxygen, water quality deterioration, and degradation of the water ecosystem function, which is not conducive to the utilization of regional water resources and the protection of water ecological environment. Therefore, it is urgent to treat and repair the pollution of small water bodies in polders in plain river network areas. However, due to the problems of blocked water volume exchange, poor water self-purification ability, and poor water environment quality inside and outside the polders in small water bodies, the existing ecological water conservancy treatment technologies are not applicable to small water bodies in polders in plain river network areas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an ecological water conservancy restoration method applicable to the improvement of water environment in agricultural polder areas, which can solve the problems of blocked water circulation and degraded water ecological environment in small water bodies in agricultural polder areas.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, this application provides an ecological water conservancy restoration method applicable to the improvement of water environment in agricultural polder areas. The agricultural polder area includes farmland, ecological ponds, and ditches; one or more adaptive water body micro-motion restoration devices for purifying water quality are arranged in the ecological ponds; an ecological landscape water diversion channel system and a waterfall ladder type bio-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system are set along the bank under the lake-ring road on the bank of the ecological pond. The ecological landscape water diversion channel system is used to purify the flowing water through aquatic plants; the waterfall ladder type bio-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system includes a horizontal top plate and a number of step structures connected to the lower end of the horizontal top plate. Each step structure includes an inclined surface and a horizontal step surface connected to the bottom end of the inclined surface. The inclined surface is a cement board covered with holes; water guiding baffles are arranged at both ends of the horizontal top plate and each horizontal step surface. The water guiding baffle at one end of the horizontal top plate is an angle-adjustable water guiding baffle.

[0005] The above method is applied to the non-flood season without irrigation and includes:

[0006] (1) Collect the hydrological and water quality monitoring data of the ecological ponds and ditches, and send them to the remote central control system;

[0007] (2) The central control system judges the water quality classification of the ecological ponds and ditches according to the monitoring data and judges whether the water volume in the agricultural polder area is sufficient, and executes the following according to the judgment results:

[0008] (2-1) When the water quality classifications of both the ecological pond and the ditch are inferior to Class V but the water volume is sufficient, the central control system executes: controlling the start of the adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device, and controlling the pump-gate system to sequentially introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system and the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification; when it is monitored that the water quality in the ecological pond reaches the preset target water quality, then controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and making the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and controlling the water flow velocity to be not less than 0.02 m / s;

[0009] (2-2) When the water quality classifications of both the ecological pond and the ditch are inferior to Class V but the water volume is insufficient, the central control system executes: controlling the pump-gate system to introduce external water into the ecological pond, and when it is monitored that the water level in the ecological pond reaches the preset water quality purification water level, then executing (2-1);

[0010] (2-3) When the water quality classifications of both the ecological pond and the ditch are Class IV-V, the central control system executes: starting the adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device, controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and making the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and controlling the water flow velocity to be not less than 0.02 m / s;

[0011] (2-4) When the water quality in the ecological pond reaches but the water quality in the ditch does not reach the target water quality, guide baffles are arranged in advance in the ditch at intervals along the water flow direction, and a recovery and purification basket is placed or not placed between adjacent guide baffles. The central control system then executes: controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and making the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and controlling the water flow velocity to be not less than 0.02 m / s.

[0012] In some embodiments, the adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device includes a central platform, one or more ecological floating islands connected to the central platform through main aeration pipes, an aerator, a navigation controller, a power storage unit, a solar unit connected to the power storage unit, a transceiver unit, and a flow pusher arranged on the central platform;

[0013] The navigation controller is used to control the traveling direction of the flow pusher, the flow pusher is used to drive the adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device to travel in a specified direction, and the aerator is used to receive the instruction of the central control system through the transceiver unit and control the start and stop of each main aeration pipe and the size of the aeration volume according to the instruction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the ecological landscape water diversion channel system includes a first pond, a second pond, and a third pond arranged in sequence along the shore, and aquatic plants planted in the first pond, the second pond, and the third pond. The tops of the first pond, the second pond, and the third pond are sequentially lowered, and the water depths in the first pond, the second pond, and the third pond increase gradually. Floating plants and / or emergent plants are planted in the first pond, and one or more of floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants are planted in the second pond, and one or more of floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants are planted in the third pond.

[0015] In some embodiments, the angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal roof plate in the waterfall ladder type bio-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system is 100°-120°.

[0016] In some embodiments, the waterfall ladder type bio-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system further includes vertical walls arranged on both sides and a pressure water pipe installed at the rear. The pressure water pipe passes through the two vertical walls; the pressure water pipe is provided with water spray holes facing the inclined plane, and the water in the ecological pond is introduced into the pressure water pipe and then sprayed onto the inclined plane through the water spray holes.

[0017] In some embodiments, in (2-1) and / or (2-3), it further includes: guiding baffle plates are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction in the ditch, and a recycling and purification basket is placed or not placed between adjacent guiding baffle plates. The water body in the ditch is further purified through the guiding baffle plates and / or the recycling and purification basket.

[0018] In some embodiments, in (2-1) and / or (2-3), it further includes: diverting the water in the ditch to the farmland. The farmland intercepts some pollutants to achieve the purpose of further purification.

[0019] In (2-2), when the water quality of the external water body is inferior to the target water quality, the central control system controls the pump gate system to divert the external water body to the waterfall ladder type bio-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification; when it is not inferior to the target water quality, the central control system controls the pump gate system to directly introduce the external water body into the ecological pond.

[0020] Further, it further includes: when the central control system determines according to the hydrological monitoring data that the water level in the polder area reaches the preset warning water level, it controls the pump gate system to prevent the external water body from being introduced into the ecological pond and the ditch and increase the drainage volume.

[0021] Further, it further includes: during the irrigation period, water blocking piers are arranged at the end of the field ditch in advance, guiding baffle plates are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction in the ditch, and a recycling and purification basket is placed or not placed between adjacent guiding baffle plates. Then: the central control system controls the pump gate system to introduce the external water body into the ecological pond, and when the water level in the ecological pond reaches the preset irrigation water level, it controls the pump gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch, and the ditch transports the water to the farmland for irrigation.

[0022] In some embodiments, the pump-gate system includes: a first canal check gate and a canal drainage gate respectively arranged at the water inlet and outlet of the canal; an ecological pond drainage gate arranged at the connection between the ecological pond and the external water body; an ecological pond check gate arranged at the connection between the canal and the ecological pond; a second canal check gate arranged at the connection between canals; and a water pump arranged as needed.

[0023] Controlling the pump-gate system to sequentially introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system and the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification, including: controlling the opening of the water pump arranged beside the ecological landscape water diversion channel system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system.

[0024] Controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the canal and make the water circulate in the ecological pond and the canal, including: controlling the opening of the ecological pond check gate and the second canal check gate.

[0025] Controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body into the ecological pond, including: controlling the opening of the ecological pond drainage gate and the water pump arranged at the ecological pond drainage gate.

[0026] The central control system controls the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body to the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification, including; controlling the opening of the ecological pond drainage gate and the water pump arranged at the ecological pond drainage gate to introduce the external water body to the water conveyance channel pre-constructed in the ecological pond, controlling the adjustment of the angle of the angle-adjustable water guide baffle, and opening the connection channel between the water conveyance channel and the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system.

[0027] The central control system executes the control to directly introduce the external water body into the ecological pond by the pump-gate system, including: controlling the opening of the ecological pond drainage gate and the water pump arranged at the ecological pond drainage gate to introduce the external water body to the water conveyance channel and introducing it into the ecological pond through the water conveyance channel.

[0028] The water conveyance channel connects the external water body with the ecological pond and the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system, and the connection channel with the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system is opened or closed by the angle-adjustable water guide baffle.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following characteristics:

[0030] The present application is proposed for the small water bodies in agricultural polder areas with deficiencies such as blocked water volume exchange, poor water self-purification ability, and poor water environment quality inside and outside the polder area. On the premise of fully ensuring flood control and drought resistance, the ecological water conservancy restoration method of the present application can effectively improve the water environment quality of the small water bodies in agricultural polder areas; and the present application can use the central control system for intelligent water conservancy regulation to realize intelligent ecological water conservancy restoration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an agricultural polder area in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the layout positions of the ecological landscape water diversion channel system and the cascade biological - hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the ecological landscape water diversion channel system in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the cascade biological - hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the adaptive water body micro - motion repair device in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the ecological floating island in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the layout position of the water - blocking pier in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the water - blocking pier in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the layout positions of the diversion baffle and the recycling and purification basket in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the diversion baffle in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the specific structure of the recycling and purification basket in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the process of the ecological water conservancy repair method in the embodiment.

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] Agricultural polder area 100, farmland 110, ecological pond 120, first ecological pond 120a, second ecological pond 120b, ditch 130, first ditch 130a, second ditch 130b, third ditch 130c, fourth ditch 130d, check gate 140, first check gate 141, second check gate 142, third check gate 143, fourth check gate 144, fifth check gate 145, drainage sluice 150, first drainage sluice 151, second drainage sluice 152, third drainage sluice 153, water-lifting pump 160, first water-lifting pump 161, second water-lifting pump 162, third water-lifting pump 163, fourth water-lifting pump 164, lakeside road 170, first water conveyance canal 181, second water conveyance canal 182, annular water inlet canal 190;

[0045] Ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200, first pond 210, second pond 220, third pond 230;

[0046] Waterfall ladder type biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300, horizontal roof 310, inclined plane 320, horizontal step surface 330, water guide baffle 340, angle-adjustable water guide baffle 340a, pressure water pipe 350, control valve 360, rotary valve 370, water turbine generator 380;

[0047] Adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400, first adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400a, second adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400b, central platform 410, ecological floating island 420, frame 421, sleeve 422, Akemann ecological base 423, sub-aeration pipe 424, aeration propeller 425, aerator 430, navigation controller 440, electricity storage unit 450, solar energy unit 460, transceiver unit 470, main aeration pipe 480, pusher 491, connecting rod 492, impeller 493, flow guide plate 494;

[0048] Ditch hydrodynamic improvement and nutrient recovery system 500, overflow baffle 510, water blocking pier 520, geotextile 521, flow guide baffle 530, recovery and purification basket 540, guardrail 541, detachable bottom plate 542, rattan basket 543, handle ring 544;

[0049] Hydrological and water quality monitoring system 600, current meter 610, monitoring room 700. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the specific implementation manners of the present application and the technical effects generated in combination with the embodiments and the drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] The ecological water conservancy restoration method of the present application can be applied to typical agricultural polder areas, mainly used for ecological water conservancy regulation and nitrogen and phosphorus reduction in typical agricultural polder areas. Agricultural polder areas are located along lakes or rivers and generally include farmland, ditches and ecological ponds. Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a schematic diagram of an agricultural polder area in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the agricultural polder area 100 includes farmland 110, a first ecological pond 120a, a second ecological pond 120b, and first ditches 130a, second ditches 130b, third ditches 130c, and fourth ditches 130d; the first ecological pond 120a and the second ecological pond 120b are close to the external water body and connected to the external water body; the first ditches 130a, second ditches 130b, third ditches 130c, and fourth ditches 130d are connected in sequence. Among them, the water inlet of the first ditch 130a and the water outlet of the third ditch 130c are both connected to the external water body. The external water body can be introduced into the ditch through the first ditch 130a, and the water flow in the ditch can be discharged through the third ditch 130c. The first ecological pond 120a and the second ecological pond 120b are connected to the nearest ditch. In this embodiment, the first ecological pond 120a is connected to the first ditch 130a, and the second ecological pond 120b is connected to the first ditch 130a and the fourth ditch 130d.

[0052] In this embodiment, the pump-gate system of the agricultural polder area includes:

[0053] A first check gate 141 is arranged at the water inlet of the first ditch 130a, a second check gate 142 is arranged at the connection between the second ecological pond 120b and the first ditch 130a, a third check gate 143 is arranged at the connection between the second ditch 130b and the third ditch 130c, a fourth check gate 144 is arranged at the connection between the first ecological pond 120a and the first ditch 130a, and a fifth check gate 145 is arranged at the connection between the first ecological pond 120a and the fourth ditch 130d. A first drainage gate 151 is arranged at the water outlet of the third ditch 130c, a second drainage gate 152 is arranged at the connection between the first ecological pond 120a and the external water body, and a third drainage gate 153 is arranged at the connection between the second ecological pond 120b and the external water body. In addition, a first water pump 161 is arranged at the fourth check gate 144, and a second water pump 162 is arranged at the third drainage gate 153.

[0054] In the present application, the pump-gate system includes:

[0055] The first ditch check gate and the ditch drainage gate respectively arranged at the water inlet and water outlet of the ditch 130, and both the water inlet and water outlet are connected to the external water body; in this embodiment, the first check gate 141 is the first ditch check gate, and the first drainage gate 151 is the ditch drainage gate;

[0056] The ecological pond drainage sluice arranged at the connection between the ecological pond 120 and the external water body; in this embodiment, the second drainage sluice 152 and the third drainage sluice 153 are the ecological pond drainage sluices;

[0057] The ecological pond regulating sluice arranged at the connection between the ditch 130 and the ecological pond 120; in this embodiment, the second regulating sluice 142, the fourth regulating sluice 144, and the fifth regulating sluice 145 are the ecological pond regulating sluices;

[0058] The second ditch regulating sluice arranged at the connection between ditches; in this embodiment, the third regulating sluice 143 is the second ditch regulating sluice;

[0059] The water-lifting pump arranged as required.

[0060] This application mainly conducts ecological water conservancy restoration in agricultural polder areas through the coordination of an ecological landscape water diversion channel system, a waterfall ladder type bio-hydrodynamic collaborative enhanced purification system, an adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device, a ditch hydrodynamic improvement and nutrient recovery system, a hydrological and water quality monitoring system, and a central control system, etc.

[0061] Next, the specific structures and working principles of the ecological landscape water diversion channel system, the waterfall ladder type bio-hydrodynamic collaborative enhanced purification system, the adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device, the ditch hydrodynamic improvement and nutrient recovery system, the hydrological and water quality monitoring system, and the control method of the central control system will be described in detail with reference to the drawings respectively.

[0062] I. Ecological landscape water diversion channel system

[0063] An ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200 is set on the bank of the ecological pond 120. The ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200 is located below the lakeside road 170 of the ecological pond 120 and is set at a position 2m - 3m below the bottom of the stepped aeration of the first water conveyance channel 181. For details, please refer to Figure 2 as shown. In this embodiment, two ecological landscape water diversion channel systems 200 are symmetrically set on the bank of the ecological pond 120.

[0064] A specific structure of the ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200 is shown in Figure 3, which includes a first pond 210, a second pond 220, and a third pond 230 arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, and aquatic plants planted in the first pond 210, the second pond 220, and the third pond 230. The aquatic plants are used to purify the water flow passing through the ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200; the tops of the first pond 210, the second pond 220, and the third pond 230 are sequentially lowered so that the water flow sequentially passes through the first pond 210, the second pond 220, and the third pond 230; and the water depths in the first pond 210, the second pond 220, and the third pond 230 increase. Different water depths are set in the first pond 210, the second pond 220, and the third pond 230, aiming to be suitable for the growth of different types of aquatic plants, form different redox environments in the water body, be conducive to the growth of aerobic, facultative anaerobic, and anaerobic microorganisms in the water body, promote the aerobic oxidative degradation of nitrogen and phosphorus under shallow water conditions, and anaerobic mineralization in deep water, and increase the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body.

[0065] In this embodiment, floating plants and / or emergent plants are planted in the first pond 210, and one or more of floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants are planted in the second pond 220, and one or more of floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants are planted in the third pond 230. When selecting the planted aquatic plants, aquatic plants with strong nitrogen and phosphorus absorption ability among local aquatic plant species are preferably selected.

[0066] In this embodiment, a water conveyance channel, such as the first water conveyance channel 181, is constructed on the bank of the ecological pond 120. A water pumping pump, such as the fourth water pumping pump 164, is arranged at one end of the water conveyance channel. The water pumping pump is used to introduce the water in the ecological pond 120 into the water conveyance channel; the other end of the water conveyance channel is located near the ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200, and its water outlet flows into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200, such as flowing into the first pond 210.

[0067] II. Cascade biological-hydraulic synergistic enhanced purification system

[0068] Under the annular water inlet channel 190 of the ecological pond 120, two cascade biological-hydraulic synergistic enhanced purification systems 300 are symmetrically arranged. The two cascade biological-hydraulic synergistic enhanced purification systems 300 are respectively located at the lower positions of the water flows of the two ecological landscape water diversion channel systems 200. The water flow purified by the cascade biological-hydraulic synergistic enhanced purification system 300 falls into the ecological pond 120. For the specific structure of the cascade biological-hydraulic synergistic enhanced purification system 300, please refer to Figure 4, including a horizontal top plate 310 and several levels of stepped structures connected to the lower end of the horizontal top plate 310. Each level of stepped structure includes an inclined surface 320 and a horizontal step surface 330 connected to the bottom end of the inclined surface 320; the inclined surface 320 is a cement board covered with holes, and forms an angle of 100° - 120° with the horizontal top plate 310. The holes distributed on the inclined surface 320 can provide a habitat for microorganisms and can purify the water flowing through the inclined surface 320 by microorganisms. Water guiding baffles 340 are provided at both side ends of the horizontal top plate 310 and each horizontal step surface 330.

[0069] The water guiding baffles 340 are used to restrict the water flow direction, prevent water from overflowing, and enable the water to flow down sequentially along several levels of stepped structures. Among them, the water guiding baffle at one side end of the horizontal top plate 310 is an angle-adjustable water guiding baffle 340a, and its included angle with the horizontal top plate 310 is adjustable. Water flows in from this side end of the horizontal top plate 310. Specifically, when the included angle between the angle-adjustable water guiding baffle 340a and the horizontal top plate 310 is 135° - 180°, the water is introduced at the angle-adjustable water guiding baffle 340a and flows down sequentially along several levels of stepped structures; when the included angle between the angle-adjustable water guiding baffle 340a and the horizontal top plate 310 is 90°, the introduction of water is blocked.

[0070] The preferred solution of the waterfall ladder type bio-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system in this embodiment is:

[0071] It also includes vertical walls (not marked in the figure) arranged on both sides and a pressure water pipe 350 installed at the rear. The pressure water pipe 350 passes through the two vertical walls and is installed on the vertical walls. The pressure water pipe 350 is provided with water spraying holes facing the inclined surface 320. The water in the ecological pond 120 is introduced into the pressure water pipe 350, and then high-pressure water flow is sprayed onto the inclined surface 320 through the water spraying holes to wash the inclined surface 320. The start and stop of the pressure water pipe 350 are controlled by a control valve 360.

[0072] Furthermore, to enable a more comprehensive cleaning of the inclined surface 320, the pressure water pipe 350 in this embodiment can rotate. Specifically, a rotary valve 370 is installed on the pressure water pipe 350, and the pressure water pipe 350 is driven by the rotary valve 370 to rotate, changing the orientation of the water spraying holes. Still further, a water turbine generator 380 is also installed at the bottom end. When the water flow falls onto the water turbine generator 380, the water flow drop drives the water turbine generator 380 to generate electricity, which is used to provide electrical energy for the pressure water pipe 350.

[0073] In this embodiment, the horizontal top plate 310, the vertical walls, the inclined surface 320, and the horizontal step surface 330 are all made of cement. The size of the horizontal top plate 310 is: length 1.5m - 2m, width 0.5m - 0.8m.

[0074] The working principle of the waterfall ladder type bio-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300 in this embodiment will be provided below:

[0075] The water surface of the ecological pond 120 is located below the cascade biological-hydraulic synergistic enhanced purification system 300, and the bottom edge of the step structure maintains a drop of at least 1 m from the water surface of the ecological pond 120. The water flows downward step by step from the horizontal top plate 310 and finally falls into the ecological pond 120. The water guide baffles 340 at both ends of each step are used to prevent water from overflowing. When the incoming water volume is large, the water flows directly from the edge of the horizontal step surface 330 of the upper-level step structure to the horizontal step surface 330 of the lower-level step structure, which can increase the contact area and time between the water and the air and improve the oxygen content in the water flow. When the incoming water volume is small, the water flows along the inclined surface 320 of the step structure, which can extend the hydraulic retention time of the water flow on the inclined surface 320. The microorganisms inhabiting the holes on the inclined surface 320 can purify the water flow and improve the self-purification ability of the water body.

[0076] III. Adaptive water body micro-motion repair device

[0077] One or more adaptive water body micro-motion repair devices 400 are placed in the ecological pond 120 for cruising. In this embodiment, the first adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400a is placed in the first ecological pond 120a, and the second adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400b is placed in the second ecological pond 120b. The adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400 is used to aerate the areas with unqualified water quality in the ecological pond 120 according to the received instructions to purify the water quality. For the specific structure of the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400, please refer to Figure 5 , which includes a central platform 410, one or more ecological floating islands 420 connected to the central platform 410 through a main aeration pipe 480, an aerator 430, a navigation controller 440, a power storage unit 450, a solar unit 460 connected to the power storage unit 450, a transceiver unit 470, and a flow-pushing device provided on the central platform 410.

[0078] The flow-pushing device is used to control the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400 to sail in a specified direction. It further includes a flow-pushing machine 491, a connecting rod 492, an impeller 493, and a guide vane 494 connected to the impeller 493 provided on the central platform 410; one end of the connecting rod 492 is connected to the flow-pushing machine 491, and the other end is connected to the impeller 493. The aerator 430 is used to receive instructions from the central control system through the transceiver unit 470 and control the start-stop and aeration volume of each main aeration pipe 480 according to the instructions; the navigation controller 440 is used to control the flow-pushing device to make the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400 travel in a specified direction. In this embodiment, the traveling speed of the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400 is controlled to be 0.05 m / s - 0.1 m / s.

[0079] A specific structural diagram of an ecological floating island will be provided below. Please refer to Figure 6, the ecological floating island 420 includes a frame 421, a sleeve 422 disposed on the upper part of the frame 421, an Eco-mat 423 disposed on the lower part of the frame 421, and a sub-aeration pipe 424 arranged on the frame 421, and an aeration impeller 425 installed at the bottom end of the sub-aeration pipe 424. Among them, the sub-aeration pipe 424 is connected to the main aeration pipe 480. Plants or adsorption materials are planted or placed in the sleeve 422, which is above the water surface; the Eco-mat 423 is below the water surface and is used for biological film micro-treatment of the water body.

[0080] IV. Ditch Hydrodynamic Improvement and Nutrient Recovery System

[0081] The ditch hydrodynamic improvement and nutrient recovery system 500 is mainly arranged in the ditch 130 to purify the flowing water body in the ditch 130. The ditch hydrodynamic improvement and nutrient recovery system 500 of the present application mainly includes a water blocking pier 520, a diversion baffle 530, and a recovery and purification basket 540. Please refer to Figure 7 , which shows a schematic layout position diagram of the water blocking pier. The water blocking pier 520 is arranged in the field ditch. In this embodiment, the overflow baffle 510 is arranged on both sides of the field ditch, and the top end of the overflow baffle 510 is higher than the water level of the field ditch to confine the water body in the field ditch and prevent the water in the field ditch from overflowing; the water blocking pier 520 is arranged at the end of the field ditch.

[0082] For the specific structure of the water blocking pier, please refer to Figure 8 , which is composed of one or more of gravel, pebbles, and block stones, and the particle sizes of the gravel, pebbles, and block stones are 2 cm to 60 cm; 1 to 2 layers of impermeable or weakly permeable geotextiles 521 are clamped in the middle of the water blocking pier 520, and symmetrical trapezoidal slopes are formed on both sides of the water blocking pier 520, and the slope of the trapezoidal slope is 1:(1.5 - 3). In this embodiment, the overflow baffle 510 is used between the fields to form a field ditch with a width of about 0.5 m between the fields. One end of the field ditch is for water inlet, and the water blocking pier 520 is arranged at the other end. The elevation of the fields is transformed so that the elevation of the fields decreases sequentially along the direction from the ecological pond 120 to the drainage sluice, and the water flow from the ecological pond 120 enters the ditch 130 and is transported downstream by gravity.

[0083] The diversion baffle 530 is arranged at intervals in the ditch 130, and its layout position is shown in Figure 9 , and its specific structure is shown in Figure 10. The guide baffle 530 is mainly used to guide the direction of water flow and slow down the flow rate of water. Circular holes 531 are distributed on the guide baffle 530, and the apertures of the distributed circular holes 531 increase from bottom to top. The bottom end of the guide baffle 530 is sharp, which is convenient for insertion into the bottom of the ditch 130; the guide baffle 530 can be a permeable guide baffle. Furthermore, a first ring 532 is also arranged on one side of the guide baffle 530, which can be mounted on a nearby wooden pile for fixation. Generally, during the non-flood season, the guide baffle 530 can be arranged in the ditch as needed; during the flood season, the guide baffle 530 is removed in advance. In some specific embodiments, the guide baffle 530 is made of wood, and the aperture of the circular holes 531 is 2cm~8cm.

[0084] The recycling and purification basket 540 is arranged between two adjacent guide baffles 530 to intercept floating objects and absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body; and the two sides of the recycling and purification basket 540 should be at least 20 cm away from the boundary of the ditch 130 so as not to affect the drainage of the ditch. Figure 11 It includes a waterproof guardrail 541 at the bottom, a detachable bottom plate 542 arranged on the guardrail 541, a rattan basket 543 connected to the guardrail 541, and a hand ring 544 connected to the top of the rattan basket 543, and willow branches and / or other submerged plants are placed in the rattan basket 543.

[0085] When the water flows through the recycling and purification basket 540, the rattan basket 543 can intercept some floating objects, and the plants in the rattan basket 543 can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, and at the same time can slow down the flow rate of the water flow, intercept more suspended matter, and some of the intercepted suspended matter settles to the bottom of the recycling and purification basket 540. The detachable bottom plate 542 is detachable, which is convenient for regular cleaning of settled silt. In specific implementation, the number of recycling and purification baskets 540 can be increased or decreased in the ditch according to the water quality conditions.

[0086] 5. Hydrology and water quality monitoring system

[0087] The hydrological and water quality monitoring system 600 includes a hydrological monitoring unit and a water quality monitoring unit, which are used to monitor the hydrological parameters and water quality parameters of the water body and feed back to the central control system in the remote monitoring room 700. It is arranged as needed. In this application, the water quality monitoring unit is generally arranged in the ecological pond 120 and / or the ditch 130. The hydrological monitoring unit is generally arranged at the control gate 140, the drainage gate 150, the water pump 160, the end of the ditch 130, etc. The monitored hydrological parameters may include water level data and / or flow rate data, and the flow rate data may be monitored by a flow meter 610; the monitored water quality parameters may include conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, permanganate index, chlorophyll and other data.

[0088] 6. Central Control System

[0089] The central control system is used to control the pump and sluice systems such as drainage sluices, pumping stations, and regulating sluices, as well as the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device according to the monitoring data of hydrology and water quality, and conduct ecological water conservancy restoration on agricultural polder areas to achieve the purpose of improving the water environment of agricultural polder areas.

[0090] The following will take Figure 1 the shown agricultural polder area as an example to provide the specific implementation process of the ecological water conservancy restoration method of this application. This application can conduct ecological water conservancy restoration in multiple scenarios.

[0091] It is necessary to preset the warning water level, irrigation water level, and water quality purification water level in advance, where the warning water level > irrigation water level ≥ water quality purification water level; the warning water level and irrigation water level are delimited according to the growth of crops and the requirements of flood control and drainage in the agricultural polder area, generally given by the local relevant departments; the water quality purification water level is set in combination with the purification requirements of the agricultural polder area.

[0092] 1. Ecological water conservancy restoration method during the flood season:

[0093] The characteristics of the flood season are that the water level of the external water body rises rapidly, and the accumulated water volume in the polder area increases accordingly. During the flood season, the water in the polder area should be drained as soon as possible. When it is detected that the water level in the polder area exceeds the warning water level, the central control system issues a water level alarm and executes: controlling the pump and sluice system to prevent the external water body from entering the ecological pond 120 and the ditch 130 and increasing the drainage volume. For this embodiment, a possible execution method is: controlling the closing of the third drainage sluice 153 to prevent the external water body from entering the second ecological pond 120b; opening the first drainage sluice 151, the second drainage sluice 152, and the first regulating sluice 141; when necessary, starting the second pumping station 162 to increase the drainage volume of the first ecological pond 120a and drain the water in the polder area outside the polder. During the flood season, full cooperation should be given to the unified arrangement of flood control dispatching by the water conservancy department, closing the hydrology and water quality monitoring system 600 and the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400, removing the diversion baffles 530 and recycling the purification baskets 540 in the ditch 130, etc., to improve the flood discharge capacity of the ditch.

[0094] 2. Ecological water conservancy restoration method during the irrigation period:

[0095] To meet the irrigation needs in the polder area, the water level at the first drainage sluice 151 should be controlled to the irrigation water level, which can be specifically achieved by controlling the first regulating sluice 141 and the first drainage sluice 151 to adjust the water level at the first drainage sluice 151. When the water level at the first drainage sluice 151 exceeds the irrigation water level, the central control system controls the closing of the third drainage sluice 153.

[0096] To enhance the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity of the polder water quality and improve the fertility of farmland soil, the central control system also executes:

[0097] By controlling the first water pumping pump 161, the water in the first ecological pond 120a is pumped into the first ditch 130a and then conveyed to the farmland 110 through the first ditch 130a; meanwhile, the method of step-by-step irrigation in the field is implemented for irrigation. Step-by-step irrigation in the field means that during irrigation, by arranging water blocking piers 520, the flow rate is slowed down, the hydraulic retention time of the farmland is extended, so that nitrogen and phosphorus are intercepted in the farmland as much as possible and absorbed by crops, in order to reduce the amount of fertilizer applied. At the same time, diversion baffles 530 and recovery and purification baskets 540 are placed in the ditch 130 to extend the retention time of the farmland drainage water and increase the aeration volume, further intercepting the farmland drainage water. Through this "microcirculation" within the polder, the dual effects of irrigation and water quality purification are achieved.

[0098] 3. Ecological water conservancy restoration method during the non-flood season:

[0099] During the non-flood season when there is no need to irrigate the crops within the polder, the tiny water bodies within the polder are basically in a static state, with little water volume and the worst water self-purification ability, and the water quality deteriorates. At this time, the water environment quality within the polder urgently needs to be improved. In this scenario, the specific implementation process of the ecological water conservancy restoration method of this application is shown in Figure 12 , including:

[0100] The central control system judges the water quality classification of the ecological pond and the ditch according to the water quality monitoring data, and judges whether the water volume in the agricultural polder area is sufficient according to the hydrological monitoring data. When the water level in the ecological pond is higher than the preset water quality purification water level, it indicates that the water volume in the polder area is sufficient. Execute as follows according to the judgment result:

[0101] (1) When the water quality classifications of both the ecological pond and the ditch are inferior to Class V but the water volume is sufficient, the central control system executes:

[0102] Start the adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device 400 to purify the water quality in the ecological pond 120; control the pump gate system to sequentially introduce the water in the ecological pond 120 into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200 and the waterfall ladder type biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300 for purification; when it is monitored that the water quality in the ecological pond 120 reaches the preset target water quality, then control the pump gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond 120 into the ditch 130 and make the water circulate between the ecological pond 120 and the ditch 130, and control the water flow velocity not to be lower than 0.02 m / s.

[0103] For this embodiment, the possible specific execution methods for controlling the pump gate system to sequentially introduce the water in the ecological pond 120 into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system 200 and the waterfall ladder type biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300 for purification are:

[0104] Control the start of the third water pumping pump 163 to introduce the water in the ecological pond 120 into the first water conveyance channel 181. The first water conveyance channel 181 conveys the water flow to the stepped ecological landscape purification pond 200 for purification. Adjust the angle-adjustable water guide baffle 340a. The purified water flow is conveyed from one side of the horizontal roof plate 310 to the horizontal roof plate 310 through the second water conveyance channel 182. After being purified by the waterfall-step biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300, it finally falls into the ecological pond 120. At the same time, start the fourth water pumping pump 164 to introduce the water in the ecological pond 120 into another stepped ecological landscape purification pond 200 for purification, and then convey it to another waterfall-step biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300.

[0105] For this embodiment, the possible specific implementation methods for the control pump gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond 120 into the ditch 130 and make the water circulate in the ecological pond 120 and the ditch 130 are as follows:

[0106] Control the start of the first water pumping pump 161 and the second water pumping pump 162 to introduce the water in the first ecological pond 120a and the second ecological pond 120b into the first ditch 130a through the fourth sluice gate 144 and the second sluice gate 142; at the same time, by controlling the start and stop of the first sluice gate 141, the third sluice gate 143, and the fifth sluice gate 145, control the water volume in the ditch within the preset water volume value; at the same time, control the power of the first water pumping pump 161 and the second water pumping pump 162 to adjust the water flow velocity in the ditch 130 to be not less than 0.02 m / s. The high water flow velocity is beneficial to improving the self-purification ability of the water body in the polder area.

[0107] During this process, no external water body is introduced, and the water flow is kept flowing in the polder area until the water quality of the ecological pond and the ditch both reach the target water quality.

[0108] Furthermore, guide baffle plates 530 can be arranged at intervals along the water flow direction in the ditch 130, and recycling purification baskets 540 can be placed or not placed between adjacent guide baffle plates 530 to further improve the self-purification ability of the water body in the ditch 130.

[0109] If after implementing the above, the water quality of the ecological pond and / or the ditch still does not reach the target water quality, then drain the water in the ditch 130 to the farmland 110, and use the farmland 110 to intercept part of the pollutants to achieve the purpose of further purification.

[0110] (2) When the water quality classifications of both the ecological pond and the ditch are of inferior Class V but the water volume is insufficient, the central control system executes: control the pump gate system to introduce external water into the ecological pond, and when it is monitored that the water level in the ecological pond reaches the preset water quality purification water level, then execute (1);

[0111] For this embodiment, a possible specific implementation manner for the control pump-gate system to introduce external water bodies into the ecological pond is as follows: Start the second water-lifting pump 162 to introduce the external water bodies into the second ecological pond 120b to increase the water volume in the second ecological pond 120b. At the same time, open the first sluice gate 142, the third sluice gate 143, and the fifth sluice gate 145 to increase the water volume in the first ecological pond 120a, the second ecological pond 120b, and the ditch near the first drainage sluice 151, so that the water levels of the first ecological pond 120a and the second ecological pond 120b both reach the water quality purification level.

[0112] When the central control system determines that the quality of the external water body is inferior to the water quality target based on the water quality monitoring data, the central control system controls the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body to the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300 for purification; when it is not inferior to the target water quality, the central control system controls the pump-gate system to directly introduce the external water body into the ecological pond 120.

[0113] For this embodiment, a possible specific implementation manner for the central control system to control the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body to the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300 is as follows: Control the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body into the second water conveyance channel 182, and convey it to the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system 300 through the second water conveyance channel 182.

[0114] For this embodiment, a possible specific implementation manner for the central control system to control the pump-gate system to directly introduce the external water body into the ecological pond 120 is as follows: Control the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body into the second water conveyance channel 182, and directly enter the second ecological pond 120b from the drop-cascade aeration of the second water conveyance channel 182.

[0115] (3) When the water quality classifications of both the ecological pond and the ditch are Class IV-V, the central control system executes: Start the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device 400, control the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and make the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and control the water flow velocity to be not lower than 0.02 m / s;

[0116] For this embodiment, a possible specific implementation manner for the control pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and make the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch is as follows:

[0117] Control the opening of the second sluice gate 142, the third sluice gate 143, the fourth sluice gate 144 and the fifth sluice gate 145, so that the water in the first ecological pond 120a and the second ecological pond 120b enters the first ditch 130a and then flows through other ditches along the way, maintaining the microcirculation of the water in the polder area; by controlling the opening degree of the second sluice gate 142, the third sluice gate 143, the fourth sluice gate 144 and the fifth sluice gate 145, control the water level in the polder area and the water flow velocity in the ditches, and the flow velocity should be kept not less than 0.02 m / s. According to the actual needs of controlling the water level and flow velocity in the polder area, open and close the lift pump to accelerate the flow velocity or raise the water level.

[0118] Furthermore, guide baffles 530 can be arranged at intervals along the water flow direction in the ditch 130, and recycling and purification baskets 540 can be placed or not placed between adjacent guide baffles 530 to further improve the self-purification ability of the water in the ditch 130.

[0119] If after implementing the above, the water quality of the ecological pond and / or the ditch still fails to reach the target water quality, then divert the water in the ditch 130 to the farmland 110, and use the farmland 110 to intercept part of the pollutants to achieve the purpose of further purification.

[0120] (4)When the water quality in the ecological pond reaches the target water quality but the water quality in the ditch does not, first arrange guide baffles at intervals along the water flow direction in the ditch in advance, and place or not place recycling and purification baskets between adjacent guide baffles. Then the central control system executes: control the pump and sluice system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and make the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and control the water flow velocity to be not less than 0.02 m / s.

[0121] For this embodiment, the possible specific implementation methods for the control pump and sluice system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and make the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch are as follows:

[0122] Open the second sluice gate 142, the third sluice gate 143, the fourth sluice gate 144 and the fifth sluice gate 145, introduce the water in the first ecological pond 120a into the first ditch 130a, and then let it flow through other ditches along the way to enhance the water microcirculation; control the opening degree of the second sluice gate 142, the third sluice gate 143, the fourth sluice gate 144 and the fifth sluice gate 145, control the water levels in the first ecological pond 120a and the second ecological pond 120b, and control the water flow velocity in the ditch 130, and the flow velocity should be kept not less than 0.02 m / s. According to the actual needs of controlling the water level and flow velocity in the polder area, open and close the lift pump to accelerate the flow velocity or raise the water level in the ditch.

[0123] The present application can achieve multi-path ecological water conservancy restoration. According to the hydrological and water quality monitoring data, appropriate water conservancy regulation paths are selected to reduce the actual operation cost. Generally speaking, when the required water replenishment volume in the polder area is small and the water quality is poor, such as in spring or autumn and winter seasons, the water can be purified through the stepped biological purification ponds on both sides of the ecological pond and then enter the ecological pond; when the required water replenishment volume in the polder is large and the water quality is poor, such as in summer, the water can be purified through the stepped body waterfall stepped bio-hydrodynamic synergistic enhanced purification system on both sides of the ecological pond and then enter the ecological pond.

[0124] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present application. However, the present application is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An ecological water conservancy restoration method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas, characterized in that: The agricultural polder areas include farmlands, ecological ponds and ditches; one or more self-adaptive water body micro-motion restoration devices for purifying water quality are arranged in the ecological ponds; an ecological landscape water diversion channel system and a cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system are arranged along the bank under the lakeside road on the bank of the ecological pond, and the ecological landscape water diversion channel system is used to purify the flowing water by using aquatic plants; the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system includes a horizontal top plate and a number of step structures connected to the lower end of the horizontal top plate, and each step structure includes an inclined surface and a horizontal step surface connected to the bottom end of the inclined surface, and the inclined surface is a cement board covered with holes; water guide baffles are arranged at both ends of the horizontal top plate and each horizontal step surface, and the water guide baffle at one end of the horizontal top plate is an angle-adjustable water guide baffle; The above method is applied to the non-flood season without irrigation, including: (1) Collect the hydrological and water quality monitoring data of the ecological ponds and ditches and send them to the remote central control system; (2) The central control system judges the water quality classification of the ecological ponds and ditches and judges whether the water volume in the agricultural polder area is sufficient according to the monitoring data, and executes the following according to the judgment results: (2-1) When the water quality classifications of the ecological ponds and ditches are both inferior to Class V but the water volume is sufficient, the central control system executes: controlling to start the self-adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device, and controlling the pump-gate system to sequentially introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system and the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification; when it is monitored that the water quality in the ecological pond reaches the preset target water quality, then controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and making the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and controlling the water flow velocity to be not less than 0.02 m / s; (2-2) When the water quality classifications of the ecological ponds and ditches are both inferior to Class V but the water volume is insufficient, the central control system executes: controlling the pump-gate system to introduce external water bodies into the ecological pond, and when it is monitored that the water level in the ecological pond reaches the preset water quality purification water level, then execute (2-1); (2-3) When the water quality classifications of the ecological ponds and ditches are both Class IV-V, the central control system executes: starting the self-adaptive water body micro-motion restoration device, controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and making the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and controlling the water flow velocity to be not less than 0.02 m / s; (2-4) When the water quality in the ecological pond reaches but the water quality in the ditch does not reach the target water quality, guide baffles are arranged in the ditch at intervals along the water flow direction in advance, and recovery purification baskets are placed or not placed between adjacent guide baffles, and the central control system then executes: controlling the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and making the water circulate in the ecological pond and the ditch, and controlling the water flow velocity to be not less than 0.02 m / s.

2. The ecological water conservancy restoration method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive water body micro-motion repair device includes a central platform, one or more ecological floating islands connected to the central platform through a main aeration pipe, an aerator, a navigation controller, a power storage unit, a solar unit connected to the power storage unit, a transceiver unit, and a flow-pushing device arranged on the central platform; The navigation controller is used to control the driving direction of the flow-pushing device, the flow-pushing device is used to drive the adaptive water body micro-motion repair device to travel in a specified direction, and the aerator is used to receive instructions from the central control system through the transceiver unit and control the start and stop of each main aeration pipe and the size of the aeration volume according to the instructions.

3. The ecological water conservancy repair method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas according to claim 1, wherein: The ecological landscape water diversion channel system includes a first pool, a second pool, and a third pool arranged in sequence along the shore, and aquatic plants planted in the first pool, the second pool, and the third pool. The tops of the first pool, the second pool, and the third pool decrease in sequence, and the water depths in the first pool, the second pool, and the third pool increase gradually; floating plants and / or emergent plants are planted in the first pool, and one or more of floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants are planted in the second pool, and one or more of floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants are planted in the third pool.

4. The ecological water conservancy repair method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas according to claim 1, wherein: The cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system further includes vertical walls arranged on both sides and a pressure water pipe installed at the rear. The pressure water pipe passes through the two vertical walls; the pressure water pipe is provided with water spray holes facing the inclined plane, and the water in the ecological pond is introduced into the pressure water pipe and then sprayed onto the inclined plane through the water spray holes.

5. The ecological water conservancy repair method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas according to claim 1, wherein: In (2-2), when the quality of the external water body is inferior to the target water quality, the central control system controls the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body to the cascade biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification; when it is not inferior to the target water quality, the central control system controls the pump-gate system to directly introduce the external water body into the ecological pond.

6. The ecological water conservancy repair method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas according to claim 1, wherein: When the central control system determines according to the hydrological monitoring data that the water level in the polder area reaches the preset warning water level, it controls the pump-gate system to prevent the external water body from being introduced into the ecological pond and the ditch and increase the drainage volume.

7. The ecological water conservancy repair method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas according to claim 1, wherein: During the irrigation period, water-blocking piers are arranged in advance at the end of the field ditch, diversion baffles are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction in the ditch, and recycling and purification baskets are placed or not placed between adjacent diversion baffles. Then: the central control system controls the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body into the ecological pond, and when the water level in the ecological pond reaches the preset irrigation water level, it controls the pump-gate system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ditch and transport it to the farmland for irrigation through the ditch.

8. The ecological water conservancy repair method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas according to claim 1, wherein: The pump-gate system includes: a first canal check gate and a canal drainage gate respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the canal; an ecological pond drainage gate arranged at the connection between the ecological pond and the external water body; an ecological pond check gate arranged at the connection between the canal and the ecological pond; a second canal check gate arranged at the connection between the canals; and a water pump arranged as required. The control pump-gate system sequentially introduces the water in the ecological pond into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system and the waterfall-step biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification, including: controlling the opening of the water pump arranged beside the ecological landscape water diversion channel system to introduce the water in the ecological pond into the ecological landscape water diversion channel system. The control pump-gate system introduces the water in the ecological pond into the canal and makes the water circulate in the ecological pond and the canal, including: controlling the opening of the ecological pond check gate and the second canal check gate. The control pump-gate system introduces the external water body into the ecological pond, including: controlling the opening of the ecological pond drainage gate and the water pump arranged at the ecological pond drainage gate.

9. The ecological water conservancy restoration method applicable to the improvement of the water environment in agricultural polder areas as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The pump-gate system includes: a first canal check gate and a canal drainage gate respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the canal; an ecological pond drainage gate arranged at the connection between the ecological pond and the external water body; an ecological pond check gate arranged at the connection between the canal and the ecological pond; a second canal check gate arranged at the connection between the canals; and a water pump arranged as required. The central control system controls the pump-gate system to introduce the external water body to the waterfall-step biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system for purification, including; controlling the opening of the ecological pond drainage gate and the water pump arranged at the ecological pond drainage gate to introduce the external water body to the water conveyance canal pre-constructed in the ecological pond, controlling the adjustment of the angle of the angle-adjustable water guide baffle, and opening the connection channel between the water conveyance canal and the waterfall-step biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system. The central control system executes the control of the pump-gate system to directly introduce the external water body into the ecological pond, including: controlling the opening of the ecological pond drainage gate and the water pump arranged at the ecological pond drainage gate to introduce the external water body to the water conveyance canal and introducing it into the ecological pond through the water conveyance canal. The water conveyance canal connects the external water body with the ecological pond and the waterfall-step biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system, and the connection channel with the waterfall-step biological-hydraulic collaborative enhanced purification system is opened or closed through the angle-adjustable water guide baffle.

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