Glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof insulation felt and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of glass fiber materials, in particular to a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof heat-insulating felt and a preparation method.The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, microcapsule template preparation; S2, glass fiber preparation; S3, felt body forming: S301, mixing the glass fiber and a modified adhesive according to a mass ratio of 3:1, adding a dispersing agent and deionized water, uniformly stirring to obtain glass fiber slurry; S302, providing a felt body mold, adding the microcapsule template into the felt body mold, continuously adding the glass fiber slurry and uniformly mixing, then placing the felt body mold in a freezer at-20 DEG C for 12-26 hours to obtain a felt body.The application provides a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof heat-insulating felt and a preparation method, so as to solve the problems that the glass fiber heat-insulating felt in the related art is not connected closely between glass fibers, has a short service life and has poor sound-absorbing and heat-insulating effects.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of glass fiber materials, in particular to a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof heat insulation felt and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The glass fiber heat insulation felt is a felt-like material made of glass fiber as the main raw material. By adjusting the length, diameter, arrangement mode of the glass fiber and the compounding with other materials, the sound absorption effect of the glass fiber heat insulation felt on different frequencies of sound is optimized.

[0003] In the prior art, the glass fiber is usually heat treated at 800-1000℃ to obtain a glass fiber soft felt. The glass fiber soft felt has a loose porous structure and a certain sound absorption capacity. At the same time, due to the interweaving of the fibers in the felt body, there are certain pores and air, and the thermal conductivity of the air is low, which can hinder the heat transfer to a certain extent, thereby playing a cold-proof and heat insulation role. The heat treatment can make the structure of the glass fiber more stable and further improve the heat insulation effect. However, this process is a physical interweaving and a small amount of chemical bond connection. Under the alternating action of long-term high temperature or low temperature, the connection between the fibers may gradually loosen, resulting in low tensile strength and tear strength of the glass fiber, and the surface is easy to fluff, thereby reducing the service life of the glass fiber heat insulation felt and requiring regular replacement, and the ideal sound absorption and heat preservation effect cannot be achieved. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof heat insulation felt and a preparation method thereof, to solve the problems of insufficient tightness between the glass fibers of the glass fiber heat insulation felt, short service life and poor sound absorption and heat preservation effect in the related art.

[0005] In a first aspect, a preparation method of a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof heat insulation felt is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, microcapsule template preparation:

[0007] S101, melt paraffin and 2wt% chitosan solution are stirred and mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:(1.5-2.5) to obtain a mixed solution, and the stirring speed is 500r / min;

[0008] S102, under the condition of continuous stirring, 0.1g / mL glutaraldehyde solution is added to the mixed solution, and the reaction is carried out at 50℃ for 2-3h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion, and the mass-volume ratio of the paraffin to the glutaraldehyde solution is (0.8-2):1;

[0009] S103, the microcapsule emulsion and a polyvinyl alcohol solution are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:(2.5-3) to obtain a microcapsule template, and the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5wt%;

[0010] S2, preparation of modified glass fiber;

[0011] S3, forming of felt body:

[0012] S301, mixing the modified glass fiber with modified binder at a mass ratio of 3:1, adding dispersant and deionized water, stirring uniformly to obtain glass fiber slurry, the mass of deionized water is 1-3 times the sum of the mass of modified glass fiber and modified binder, the dispersant is 0.5-2% of the mass of modified glass fiber;

[0013] S302, providing a felt mold, adding a microcapsule template to the felt mold, then continuing to add glass fiber slurry and uniformly mixing, then placing the felt mold in -20℃ for 12-26h, the mass ratio of the microcapsule template to the glass fiber slurry is 1:(3-5);

[0014] S303, drying the frozen felt mold at -50℃ and 10Pa for 48h to obtain a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises:

[0016] Dissolving chitosan in 1wt% acetic acid solution to obtain a 2wt% chitosan solution.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation of the modified glass fiber comprises:

[0018] S201, pretreatment: heating the glass fiber raw material to 600-800℃ at a heating rate of 2-4℃ / min, holding for 2h to remove surface impurities;

[0019] S202, surface treatment: immersing the pretreated glass fiber in a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution with a mass concentration of 8% for 0.5-1h, drying at 120℃ for 30min to obtain modified glass fiber.

[0020] Preferably, after S201 and before S202, it further comprises:

[0021] After immersing the product obtained in S201 in the treatment solution for 0.5-1h, drying at 80℃ for 20min;

[0022] The treatment solution comprises dibutyl phthalate, phenolic resin and deionized water, the mass ratio of dibutyl phthalate, phenolic resin and deionized water is 1:(5-6):8.

[0023] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified binder comprises the following steps:

[0024] The lignin is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol at a mass-volume ratio of 1:(3-5), stirred at 50℃ for 20 min, the phenolic resin is added into the lignin ethanol solution, and the stirring is continued at 50℃ for 30 min to obtain the modified adhesive;

[0025] The mass ratio of the lignin to the phenolic resin is (0.15-0.25):1.

[0026] Preferably, the dispersant is one of sodium polyacrylate and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0027] In a second aspect, a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt is provided, which is prepared by the preparation method of the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt according to any one of the above.

[0028] The technical scheme provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present application provides a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt and a preparation method thereof. Microcapsules are dispersed in the network structure obtained by interweaving glass fibers and are connected by a modified adhesive to form a continuous adhesive phase, thereby enhancing the connection strength of the felt. The microcapsules help to improve the interface and pore structure inside the material, so that the sound wave is scattered and absorbed more during propagation. The glass fiber itself has a low thermal conductivity, and the microcapsules have a certain phase change energy storage capacity with paraffin as the core material, which can absorb or release heat when the temperature changes, thereby enhancing the cold-proof and thermal insulation function of the felt. Finally, the felt is formed at low temperature. Water freezes to form ice crystals at low temperature, and glass fibers and microcapsule templates are distributed in the ice crystal gaps to form a felt prototype with a pore structure, which is beneficial to sound absorption and thermal insulation. Therefore, the problems of insufficient connection between glass fibers in the related art, short service life, and poor sound absorption and thermal insulation effect can be solved. At the same time, the use of glass fibers makes the material more cost-effective and lower in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 The preparation method of the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt provided by the present application is shown in the flowchart. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the purposes, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt and a preparation method, which can solve the problems of insufficient connection between glass fibers in the glass fiber thermal insulation felt, short service life, and poor sound-absorbing and thermal insulation effect in the related art.

[0034] The preparation method of the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1, microcapsule template preparation:

[0036] S101, melt paraffin and 2wt% chitosan solution are stirred and mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:(1.5-2.5) to obtain a mixed solution, and the stirring speed is 500r / min;

[0037] S102, under the condition of continuous stirring, 0.1g / mL glutaraldehyde solution is added to the mixed solution, and the reaction is carried out at 50℃ for 2-3h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion, and the mass-volume ratio of paraffin to glutaraldehyde solution is (0.8-2):1;

[0038] S103, the microcapsule emulsion and polyvinyl alcohol solution are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:(2.5-3) to obtain a microcapsule template, and the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5wt%.

[0039] The microcapsules help to improve the interface and pore structure inside the material, so that the sound wave is scattered and absorbed more in the propagation process. Paraffin as the core material has phase change energy storage function and can absorb or release heat when the temperature changes, which has a good effect on cold-proof and thermal insulation. In combination with glass fibers with heat insulation performance, the thermal conductivity of the felt body can be further reduced.

[0040] S2, preparation of modified glass fiber:

[0041] S201, pretreatment: heat the glass fiber raw material to 600-800℃ at a heating rate of 2-4℃ / min, and keep the temperature for 2h to remove surface impurities;

[0042] S202, surface treatment: immerse the pretreated glass fiber in a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution with a mass concentration of 8% for 0.5-1h, and dry at 120℃ for 30min to obtain the modified glass fiber.

[0043] In some embodiments, after S201 and before S202, the method further comprises:

[0044] After the product obtained in S201 is immersed in the treatment solution for 0.5-1 h, it is dried at 80℃ for 20 min;

[0045] The treatment solution comprises dibutyl phthalate, phenolic resin and deionized water, and the mass ratio of dibutyl phthalate, phenolic resin and deionized water is 1:(5-6):8.

[0046] S3, felt forming:

[0047] S301, glass fibers and modified binder are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, a dispersing agent and deionized water are added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly to obtain a glass fiber slurry, the mass of deionized water is 1-3 times the sum of the masses of glass fibers and modified binder, and the dispersing agent is 0.5-2% of the mass of glass fibers;

[0048] In some embodiments, the dispersing agent is one of sodium polyacrylate and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0049] S302, a felt mold is provided, microcapsule templates are added to the felt mold, and then the glass fiber slurry is continuously added and uniformly mixed, after which the felt mold is placed in a freezer at -20℃ for 12-26 h, and the mass ratio of the microcapsule templates to the glass fiber slurry is 1:(3-5);

[0050] S303, the frozen felt mold is dried at -50℃ and 10 Pa for 48 h to obtain the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt.

[0051] After drying and curing, the modified binder forms a binding phase inside the glass fibers and microcapsules, so that the glass fibers in the felt can better withstand external forces and avoid breaking.

[0052] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the modified binder comprises: lignin is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol in a mass-volume ratio of 1:(3-5), stirring at 50℃ for 20 min, phenolic resin is added to the lignin ethanol solution, and stirring is continued at 50℃ for 30 min to obtain the modified binder.

[0053] The mass ratio of lignin to phenolic resin is (0.15-0.25):1.

[0054] In the following examples and comparative examples, the length of the asphalt fiber is 3-4 mm and the diameter is 10 μm.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt comprises:

[0057] S1, microcapsule template preparation:

[0058] S101, 10 g of chitosan was dissolved in 500 g of 1 wt% acetic acid solution to obtain a 2 wt% chitosan solution;

[0059] 5 g of paraffin was weighed, heated to melt, and slowly added to the chitosan solution, and mixed at a speed of 500 r / min to obtain a mixed solution;

[0060] S102, under the condition of continuous stirring, 5 mL of 0.1 g / mL glutaraldehyde solution was added to the mixed solution, and reacted at 50°C for 2 h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion;

[0061] S103, 100 g of the microcapsule emulsion obtained in S102 was mixed with 300 g of a 5 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution to obtain a microcapsule template.

[0062] S2, preparation of modified glass fiber:

[0063] S201, pretreatment: 500 g of glass fiber raw material was heated to 600°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min, and held for 2 h to remove surface impurities;

[0064] S202, surface treatment: the pretreated glass fiber was immersed in a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution with a mass concentration of 8% for 0.5 h, and dried at 120°C for 30 min to obtain a modified glass fiber.

[0065] S3, mat forming:

[0066] S301, 300 g of modified glass fiber was uniformly mixed with 100 g of modified binder, 1.5 g of sodium polyacrylate, and 800 g of deionized water to obtain a glass fiber slurry;

[0067] S302, a mat mold was provided, 100 g of microcapsule template was added to the mat mold, then 300 g of glass fiber slurry was poured into the mat mold and ultrasonically mixed, and the mat mold was placed in a freezer at -20°C for 12 h to obtain a mat;

[0068] S303, the frozen mat mold was dried at -50°C and 10 Pa for 48 h to obtain a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating mat.

[0069] The preparation method of the modified binder comprises the following steps:

[0070] 20 g of lignin was dissolved in 60 mL of anhydrous ethanol, stirred at 50℃ for 20 min, 80 g of phenolic resin was added to the lignin ethanol solution, and continued to be stirred at 50℃ for 30 min to obtain a modified adhesive.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] The difference from Example 1 is that in S101, the addition amount of paraffin is 4 g, and in S103, the addition amount of polyvinyl alcohol solution is 250 g.

[0073] In S301, the addition amount of sodium polyacrylate is 6 g, the addition amount of deionized water is 1200 g, and in S302, the freezing time is 26 h.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] The preparation method of the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof insulation felt in this embodiment includes:

[0076] S1, microcapsule template preparation:

[0077] S101, 6 g of chitosan was dissolved in 300 g of 1wt% acetic acid solution to obtain a 2wt% chitosan solution;

[0078] 4 g of paraffin was weighed, heated to melt, and slowly added to the chitosan solution, and stirred at a speed of 500 r / min to obtain a mixed solution;

[0079] S102, under the condition of continuous stirring, 4 mL of 0.1 g / mL glutaraldehyde solution was added to the mixed solution, and reacted at 50℃ for 2 h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion;

[0080] S103, 100 g of the microcapsule emulsion obtained in S102 was mixed with 275 g of 5wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution to obtain a microcapsule template.

[0081] S2, modified glass fiber preparation:

[0082] S201, pretreatment: heat the glass fiber raw material to 800℃ at a heating rate of 4℃ / min, and keep for 2 h to remove surface impurities;

[0083] The product obtained in S201 was immersed in the treatment liquid for 0.5-1 h, and then dried at 80℃ for 20 min;

[0084] In this embodiment, the treatment liquid includes 100 g of dibutyl phthalate, 500 g of phenolic resin, and 800 g of deionized water.

[0085] S202, surface treatment: the pretreated glass fiber was immersed in a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution with a mass concentration of 8% for 1 h, and then dried at 120°C for 30 min to obtain modified glass fiber.

[0086] S3, felt forming:

[0087] S301, 300 g of modified glass fiber was uniformly stirred with 100 g of modified binder, 3 g of sodium hexametaphosphate, and 400 g of deionized water to obtain a glass fiber slurry;

[0088] S302, a felt mold was provided, 100 g of microcapsule template was added to the felt mold, then 400 g of glass fiber slurry was poured into the felt mold and ultrasonically mixed, and then the felt mold was placed in a freezer at -20°C for 24 h to obtain a felt.

[0089] S303, the frozen felt mold was dried at -50°C and 10 Pa for 48 h to obtain a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt.

[0090] The preparation method of the modified binder comprises the following steps:

[0091] 20 g of lignin was dissolved in 80 mL of anhydrous ethanol, stirred at 50°C for 20 min, 100 g of phenolic resin was added to the lignin ethanol solution, and the mixture was continuously stirred at 50°C for 30 min to obtain a modified binder.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] The difference from Example 3 is that in S102, the addition amount of glutaraldehyde solution is 2 mL; and in S201, the treatment solution comprises 100 g of dibutyl phthalate, 600 g of phenolic resin, and 800 g of deionized water.

[0094] And in S302, 100 g of microcapsule template and 500 g of glass fiber slurry were added to the felt mold.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] The difference from Example 3 is that in S201, the heating rate is 4°C / min, and in the modified binder of S302, the addition amount of ethanol is 100 mL and the addition amount of phenolic resin is 134 g.

[0097] Comparative Example 1

[0098] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that S2 is not performed. It comprises the following steps:

[0099] (1) Microcapsule template preparation:

[0100] S101, 10 g of chitosan was dissolved in 500 g of 1 wt% acetic acid solution to obtain a 2 wt% chitosan solution;

[0101] 5 g of paraffin wax was weighed, heated to melt, and slowly added to the chitosan solution, and mixed at a speed of 500 r / min to obtain a mixed solution;

[0102] S102, under the condition of continuous stirring, 5 mL of 0.1 g / mL glutaraldehyde solution was added to the mixed solution, and reacted at 50°C for 2 h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion;

[0103] S103, 100 g of the microcapsule emulsion obtained in S102 was mixed with 300 g of a 5 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution to obtain a microcapsule template.

[0104] (2) Felt forming:

[0105] S301, 300 g of glass fiber was uniformly mixed with 100 g of modified adhesive (preparation method same as example 1), 1.5 g of sodium polyacrylate, and 800 g of deionized water to obtain a glass fiber slurry;

[0106] S302, a felt mold was provided, 400 g of glass fiber slurry was added to the felt mold, and after ultrasonic treatment, the felt mold was frozen at -20°C for 12 h to obtain a felt;

[0107] S303, the frozen felt mold was dried at -50°C and 10 Pa for 48 h to obtain a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt.

[0108] Comparative Example 2

[0109] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that S1 is not performed, and no modified adhesive is used. It includes the following steps:

[0110] (1) Preparation of modified glass fiber:

[0111] Pretreatment: 500 g of glass fiber raw material was heated to 600°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min, and held for 2 h to remove surface impurities;

[0112] Surface treatment: the pretreated glass fiber was immersed in a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution with a mass concentration of 8% for 0.5 h, and dried at 120°C for 30 min to obtain modified glass fiber.

[0113] (2) Felt forming:

[0114] S301, 300 g of modified glass fiber was uniformly mixed with 100 g of phenolic resin, 1.5 g of sodium polyacrylate, and 800 g of deionized water to obtain a glass fiber slurry;

[0115] S302, provide a felt mold, add 400 g of glass fiber slurry to the felt mold, after ultrasonic, freeze the felt mold at -20℃ for 12 h to obtain a felt;

[0116] S303, dry the frozen felt mold at -50℃ and 10 Pa for 48 h to obtain a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt.

[0117] Comparative Example 3

[0118] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that S1 is not performed. It comprises the following steps:

[0119] (1) Preparation of modified glass fiber:

[0120] Pre-treatment: heat 500 g of glass fiber raw material to 600℃ at a heating rate of 2℃ / min, and keep for 2 h to remove surface impurities;

[0121] After immersing the product in the treatment solution for 0.5-1 h, dry it at 80℃ for 20 min;

[0122] The treatment solution comprises 100 g of dibutyl phthalate, 500 g of phenolic resin and 800 g of deionized water.

[0123] Surface treatment: immerse the pre-treated glass fiber in a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution with a mass concentration of 8% for 0.5 h, and dry it at 120℃ for 30 min to obtain modified glass fiber.

[0124] (2) Felt forming:

[0125] Stir 300 g of modified glass fiber, 100 g of modified binder (prepared in the same way as in Example 3), 3 g of sodium hexametaphosphate and 400 g of deionized water uniformly to obtain a glass fiber slurry;

[0126] Provide a felt mold, add 500 g of glass fiber slurry to the felt mold, after ultrasonic, freeze the felt mold at -20℃ for 24 h to obtain a felt;

[0127] Dry the frozen felt mold at -50℃ and 10 Pa for 48 h to obtain a glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt.

[0128] According to GB / T 18696.1-2004 "Measurement of Acoustical Impedance, Absorption Coefficient and Transmission Loss of Materials Acoustical Impedance Tube Part 1: Standing Wave Method", the sound absorption coefficients of the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested at 500 Hz, 800 Hz and 1200 Hz, respectively.

[0129] The tensile strength of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested according to GB / T 10296-2008 "Thermal Insulation Materials - Determination of Tensile Properties".

[0130] The thermal conductivity of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested at 25℃ according to GB / T 10297-2015 "Determination of Thermal Conductivity of Nonmetallic Solids by Hot-Wire Method".

[0131] The performance parameters of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

[0132] Table 1

[0133]

[0134] According to Table 1, compared with other examples, the sound absorption coefficient of Example 2 is higher at low frequency and lower at high frequency, indicating that it has good absorption for low frequency sound, but poor absorption for high frequency. The tensile strength of Examples 3-5 is relatively high, indicating that the binder phase is formed inside the asphalt fiber impregnated with the treatment liquid, improving the connection strength of the subsequent glass fiber and microcapsule, and further improving the mechanical properties of the felt. Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 omits the step S2 of modifying the glass fiber, Comparative Example 2 does not perform step S1 and does not use a modified adhesive, and Comparative Example 3 does not perform step S1. The data in Table 1 shows that the microcapsule template and the modified glass fiber have a strong improvement in sound absorption coefficient, tensile strength, and thermal conductivity. After mixing the microcapsule template with the glass fiber and freeze-drying, the ice template is sublimated and removed, forming a porous structure that improves the pore structure inside the felt. At the same time, the paraffin in the microcapsule template acts as a core material, has good phase change energy storage function, and reduces the thermal conductivity of the felt.

[0135] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of making a glass fiber acoustical cold weather insulation batt, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, microcapsule template preparation: S101, melt paraffin wax and 2wt% chitosan solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:(1.5-2.5) at a stirring speed of 500r / min to obtain a mixed solution; S102, under the condition of continuous stirring, 0.1g / mL glutaraldehyde solution is added to the mixed solution, and the reaction is carried out at 50℃ for 2-3h to obtain a microcapsule emulsion, and the mass-volume ratio of the paraffin wax to the glutaraldehyde solution is (0.8-2):1; S103, the microcapsule emulsion and polyvinyl alcohol solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:(2.5-3) to obtain a microcapsule template, and the polyvinyl alcohol solution has a concentration of 5wt%; S2, preparation of modified glass fiber; S3, felt forming: S301, the modified glass fiber and modified binder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:1, a dispersing agent and deionized water are added, and stirring is uniformly carried out to obtain a glass fiber slurry, the mass of the deionized water is 1-3 times the sum of the mass of the modified glass fiber and the mass of the modified binder, and the mass of the dispersing agent is 0.5-2% of the mass of the modified glass fiber; S302, a felt mold is provided, the microcapsule template is added to the felt mold, the glass fiber slurry is continuously added and uniformly mixed, then the felt mold is placed in a-20℃ environment for freezing for 12-26h to obtain a felt, and the mass ratio of the microcapsule template to the glass fiber slurry is 1:(3-5); S303, the frozen felt mold is dried at-50℃ and 10Pa for 48h to obtain the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt.

2. The method for preparing glass fiber sound-absorbing, cold-proof, and heat-insulating felt as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the chitosan solution comprises: The chitosan is dissolved in 1wt% acetic acid solution to obtain a 2wt% chitosan solution.

3. The method for preparing glass fiber sound-absorbing, cold-proof, and heat-insulating felt as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of the modified glass fiber comprises: S201, pretreatment: the glass fiber raw material is heated to 600-800℃ at a temperature rising rate of 2-4℃ / min, and the temperature is kept for 2h to remove surface impurities; S202, surface treatment: the pretreated glass fiber is immersed in a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution with a mass concentration of 8% for 0.5-1h, and is dried at 120℃ for 30min to obtain the modified glass fiber.

4. The method for preparing glass fiber sound-absorbing, cold-proof, and heat-insulating felt as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After S201 and before S202, it further comprises: The product obtained in S201 is immersed in a treatment liquid for 0.5-1h, and is dried at 80℃ for 20min; The treatment liquid comprises dibutyl phthalate, phenolic resin and deionized water, and the mass ratio of the dibutyl phthalate, the phenolic resin and the deionized water is 1:(5-6):

8.

5. The preparation method of the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof and heat-insulating felt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified binder comprises the following steps: The lignin is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol according to the mass-volume ratio of 1:(3-5), stirring is carried out at 50℃ for 20min, the phenolic resin is added to the lignin ethanol solution, and stirring is continuously carried out at 50℃ for 30min to obtain the modified binder; The mass ratio of the lignin to the phenolic resin is (0.15-0.25):

1.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt is prepared by the method. The dispersing agent is one of sodium polyacrylate and sodium hexametaphosphate.

7. A glass fiber sound-absorbing cold-proof thermal insulation felt prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

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