Application of TaMADS22 protein and coding gene thereof in regulating wheat ear development, grain development or wheat yield

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant molecular biology, in particular to application of TaMADS22 protein and a coding gene thereof to regulation and control of wheat ear development, grain development or wheat yield. It is found for the first time that the TaMADS22 protein, the coding gene thereof and related biological materials have important effects on regulation and control of wheat ear development and wheat grain development, and the TaMADS22 protein can regulate the wheat yield by regulating and controlling the heading period, grain development, the spikelet number per ear and the grain number per ear of wheat; the invention provides an important new thought for wheat breeding and yield improvement, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant molecular biology, and particularly to the application of TaMADS22 protein and its coding gene in regulating wheat ear development, grain development or wheat yield. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is the second largest food crop after rice and is the staple food for 35% - 40% of the global population. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze the genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating wheat yield formation.

[0003] The three elements of wheat yield are the number of ears per unit area, the number of grains per ear, and the grain weight. Among them, the number of grains per ear and the grain weight are mainly controlled by the ear type development status, which is also the ultimate manifestation of floret differentiation, development, and seed setting. Therefore, the study of wheat ear and grain development is of great significance. However, due to the allohexaploid characteristics of wheat and the reasons such as homologous gene replication, functional redundancy and differentiation, and expression silencing during polyploidization, the research on wheat ear development lags behind.

[0004] MADS-box genes are a class of genes that play important roles in the process of plant growth and development. They play important roles in regulating various developmental processes such as the transition between plant growth and reproductive stages, flower organ and fruit development. MADS-box genes generally have four domains: M, I, K, and C. Among them, the M region is a highly conserved MADS-box region, located at the N-terminal of the gene coding region, and has the functions of binding DNA, protein dimerization, and binding other factors. Another secondary conserved region is the K region, which is named because of its high homology with keratin. The K region has 70 amino acids, and its secondary structure is a coiled-coil structure composed of three α helices (K1, K2, K3), which is involved in mediating protein-protein interactions. There is an intervening region of about 30 amino acids with relatively low conservation between the M region and the K region, called the I region (intervening), and the I region can promote the binding of dimerized transcription factors to DNA. Downstream of the K region is the C region (carboxyl-terminal) with the most variable sequence and length, which is mainly composed of hydrophobic amino acids. Although the C-terminal varies greatly, different classes of MADS-box genes often contain some conserved motifs, and these motifs play important roles in the formation of protein complexes and transcriptional activation.

[0005] At present, the analysis and research on the structure and function of the MADS-box gene family in wheat are very few, and the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of this gene family in wheat are still unclear. Therefore, exploring key genes for wheat ear development, grain development, and wheat yield control in the MADS-box gene family has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention found that the MADS-box gene family TaMADS22 The gene can effectively regulate wheat ear development, grain development and affect wheat yield. The gene is located on wheat 6A, 6B and 6D and is a SEP-like gene. Based on this, the following technical solution is proposed.

[0007] First, the present invention provides the use of TaMADS22 protein or a fusion protein of TaMADS22 protein, or a gene encoding the same, or a biological material containing the gene encoding the same, in regulating wheat ear development or grain development; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.1 or SEQ ID No.2; (b) A sequence having the function of regulating wheat ear development or grain development by replacing, and / or deleting, and / or adding one or more amino acid residues in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1 or SEQ ID No.2.

[0008] Preferably, the wheat ear development or grain development includes at least one aspect of wheat heading period, number of wheat spikelets per ear, number of wheat grains per ear, wheat grain length, wheat grain width, and wheat grain thousand-grain weight.

[0009] Preferably, the regulation is positive regulation.

[0010] In some embodiments, EMS mutagenesis in wheat TaMADS22 The gene can significantly reduce the number of spikelets per ear and the number of grains per ear in wheat.

[0011] In some embodiments, the fusion protein is an amino acid sequence obtained by connecting a tag, an enzyme cleavage site and / or a connecting peptide sequence to the N-terminus and / or C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein.

[0012] In the art, substitution with amino acids with similar or close properties usually does not change the function of the protein; adding one or more amino acids to the C-terminus and / or N-terminus usually does not change the function of the protein.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention provides the use of TaMADS22 protein or a fusion protein of TaMADS22 protein, or a gene encoding the same, or a biological material containing the gene encoding the same, in regulating wheat yield; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.1 or SEQ ID No.2; (b) A sequence with substitution, deletion, and / or addition of one or several amino acid residues to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1 or SEQ ID No.2 and having the function of regulating wheat yield.

[0014] Further, the present invention provides the application of TaMADS22 protein or a fusion protein of TaMADS22 protein, or its coding gene, or a biological material containing its coding gene in wheat variety improvement; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) The sequence shown in SEQ ID No.1 or SEQ ID No.2; (b) A sequence with substitution, deletion, and / or addition of one or several amino acid residues to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1 or SEQ ID No.2 and having the function of regulating wheat ear development, grain development, or wheat yield.

[0015] In the present invention, TaMADS22 protein or a fusion protein of TaMADS22 protein, or its coding gene, or a biological material containing its coding gene affects wheat yield through the number of grains per ear and grain weight of wheat.

[0016] In some embodiments, wheat variety improvement is carried out by means of transgenic, hybridization, backcross, self-cross, or asexual reproduction.

[0017] Preferably, the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.5 or SEQ ID No.7.

[0018] The above amino acid sequences are mutants of the TaMADS22 protein shown in SEQ ID No.1 and SEQ ID No.2.

[0019] Preferably, the coding gene of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) The sequence shown in SEQ ID No.3 or SEQ ID No.4; (b) A DNA molecule formed by substitution of one to several bases and / or insertion and / or deletion of one to several bases or insertion / deletion / shifting / inversion of a large fragment of nucleotide sequence on the basis of SEQ ID No.3 or SEQ ID No.4 and capable of affecting wheat ear development, grain development, or wheat yield.

[0020] Preferably, the coding gene of the TaMADS22 protein is the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.6 or SEQ ID No.8.

[0021] The above nucleic acid sequence is a mutant of the genes shown in SEQ ID No.3 and SEQ ID No.4.

[0022] Preferably, in any of the above applications, the biological material is recombinant DNA, expression cassette, transposon, plasmid vector, viral vector, engineered bacteria, or non-renewable plant cells or tissues.

[0023] Preferably, in any of the above applications, the development of wheat ears, grain development, or wheat yield is regulated by adjusting the expression level or activity of TaMADS22 protein or gene.

[0024] Preferably, the expression level or activity of TaMADS22 protein or gene is adjusted by hybridization technology, transgenic technology, or gene editing technology.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention discovers for the first time that TaMADS22 protein, its coding gene, and related biological materials play an important role in regulating the development of wheat ears and wheat grains. TaMADS22 protein can regulate wheat yield by controlling the heading date, grain development, number of spikelets per ear, and number of grains per ear of wheat. The present invention provides an important new idea for wheat breeding and yield improvement, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of genomic mutation positions for EMS mutagenesis MADS22-A and MADS22-D Genomic mutation position schematic diagram.

[0027] Figure 2 Results of heading date of wheat with EMS mutagenized MADS22 gene.

[0028] Figure 3 Results of number of spikelets per ear of wheat with EMS mutagenized MADS22 gene.

[0029] Figure 4 Results of number of grains per ear of wheat with EMS mutagenized MADS22 gene.

[0030] Figure 5 Results of grain length, grain width, and 1000-grain weight of wheat with EMS mutagenized MADS22 gene.

[0031] Figure 6 Results of in situ hybridization detection of TaMADS22 expression in young spikes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are all conventional methods.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0035] The present invention relates to molecular biology experiments. If not otherwise specified, reference can be made to the book "Molecular Cloning" (written by J. Sambrook, E.F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis, Science Press, 1994). This book and its subsequent published versions are the most commonly used and guiding reference books for those skilled in the art when conducting experiments related to molecular biology. In addition, according to different experimental purposes, those skilled in the art can complete the corresponding experiments under the guidance of the operation manuals attached to various commercial kits (Kit) or entrust professional companies to conduct them, such as gene sequencing.

[0036] Example 1 Detection of EMS Mutants In this example, gene cloning technology is used to identify specific genes (genetic mutations induced by Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)) so as to discover the functions of the genes. In this example, mutants -A and -D with Jing 411 as the background were obtained from the research group of Liu Luxiang (http: / / jing411.molbreeding.com / # / query). The amino acid sequence of the wild-type TaMADS22-A protein is shown as SEQ ID No.1, and the gene sequence is shown as SEQ ID No.3; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22-D protein is shown as SEQ ID No.2, and the gene sequence is shown as SEQ ID No.4; the genomic mutation positions of EMS mutagenesis -A and -D are as shown in, MADS22 -A and MADS22 -D mutants (http: / / jing411.molbreeding.com / # / query). The amino acid sequence of the wild-type TaMADS22-A protein is shown in SEQ ID No.1, and the gene sequence is shown in SEQ ID No.3; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22-D protein is shown in SEQ ID No.2, and the gene sequence is shown in SEQ ID No.4; the genomic mutation positions of EMS mutagenesis -A and -D are as shown in, MADS22 -A and MADS22 -D genomic mutation positions are as Figure 1 shown, TaMADS22-A the amino acid sequence of the mutant is shown in SEQ ID No.5, and the gene sequence is shown in SEQ ID No.6; TaMADS22-D the amino acid sequence of the mutant is shown in SEQ ID No.7, and the gene sequence is shown in SEQ ID No.8. According to the re-sequencing data of the EMS mutants of Jing 411, primers were designedMADS22 -A-F / R, MADS22 -D-F / R, as shown in SEQ ID No. 9 - 12 respectively. The PCR system used is shown in Table 1. Take 10 μL of the product for 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis, and sequence the remaining product.

[0037] Table 1

[0038] Example 2 EMS mutagenesis MADS22 Phenotype statistics of gene mutant plants Select the wild-type plants of Jing 411 and EMS-induced MADS22-A / D gene mutant plants, with 5 individual plants of each type, compare the heading dates and conduct statistical analysis on the number of spikelets per panicle, the number of grains per panicle, grain length, grain width, and 1000-grain weight of different plants. The data is analyzed using Graphpad Prism Version software.

[0039] The test results are as Figures 2 to 5 shown. Compared with the wild-type plants of Jing 411, the heading dates of the MADS22 - 6A and MADS22 - 6D mutants are advanced ( Figure 2 ), the number of spikelets per panicle is reduced ( Figure 3 ), the number of grains per panicle is reduced ( Figure 4 ), and the grain length, grain width, and 1000-grain weight are increased ( Figure 5 ).

[0040] From the above experimental results, it can be seen that TaMADS22 affects the number of grains per panicle, one of the three elements of yield, through the number of spikelets per panicle and the number of grains per panicle. At the same time, TaMADS22 affects the grain weight, another element of yield, through grain length, grain width, and 1000-grain weight. Thus, TaMADS22 affects yield through the number of grains per panicle and grain weight.

[0041] Example 3 In situ hybridization detection TaMADS22 Expression in young panicles I. Material fixation and embedding: Prepare materials: freshly prepared plant tissue fixative, scissors, forceps, wax cups, wax bowls, and RNase-free centrifuge tubes sterilized at 180 °C. Drug preparation (all are for RNA experiments, RNase-free): DEPC water, glacial acetic acid, ethanol, formaldehyde, xylene, chloroform, wax blocks.

[0042] Material fixation: Select fresh wheat plants. Use tools such as scissors and forceps sterilized at high temperature to remove the leaves covering the young spikes of the plants, leaving only a few layers of young leaves to protect the young spikes. Immerse them in freshly prepared formalin - acetic acid - ethanol fixative, then perform vacuum pumping for 15 minutes and slowly release the air. Repeat this process 2 - 3 times until the materials sink to the bottom, and then change to fresh fixative and keep them in a 4°C refrigerator overnight. Fixative formula (50% FAA): 50 mL of 100% absolute ethanol (final concentration 50%), 5 mL of 100% glacial acetic acid (final concentration 5%), 10 mL of 37% formaldehyde (final concentration 3.7%), and 35 mL of DEPC water.

[0043] Dehydration and clearing: Place the samples in freshly prepared ethanol with different concentration gradients for dehydration, successively: 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 100%, 100%, 100%, each for 30 minutes. Transfer the samples to xylene solutions with different gradients for treatment, successively: 25% xylene / 75% ethanol for 40 minutes, 50% xylene / 50% ethanol for 40 minutes, 75% xylene / 25% ethanol for 40 minutes, 100% xylene for 1 hour, 100% xylene for 1 hour, 100% xylene for 1 hour. Finally, transfer the samples to a 10% chloroform / 90% xylene solution, add about 20 wax pieces to it, and place it in a fume hood overnight.

[0044] Infiltration with wax: Put the samples into an incubator at 42°C to melt the wax blocks in them, then add new wax blocks to it and let it completely melt at 42°C. Add wax pieces in small amounts and multiple times until the wax pieces no longer melt. Pour out the wax liquid in the container and pour in freshly melted wax liquid at 60°C, and place it in a 60°C incubator overnight. Then for the next 2 - 3 days: Repeat wax replacement. Replace the fresh wax liquid every about 12 hours.

[0045] Embedding: Pour fresh wax liquid into the folded paper box, neatly place the materials in it, and put it in cold water to promote coagulation after the surface of the wax liquid solidifies. After the wax block completely solidifies, air - dry it and store it at 4°C.

[0046] II. Sectioning Use a blade to trim the wax block into a truncated cone shape, and stick the trimmed wax block to the anvil. Set the thickness of the microtome to 8 µm. Place the cut wax ribbon into 42°C DEPC water. After the wax ribbon unfolds and flattens, stick it onto the glass slide, use absorbent paper to blot dry the residual moisture, place the glass slide on a baking machine to dry, and then transfer it to a 42°C incubator and continue to dry for 2 - 3 days.

[0047] III. Probe preparation The gene-specific fragment was ligated to the pGEMT-easy (Promega, USA) vector. According to the gene sequence and the restriction enzyme sites on the vector, the corresponding enzymes were selected for the sense probe and the antisense probe to digest the plasmid. After plasmid extraction, it was digested with the corresponding enzyme, and agarose gel electrophoresis was used to detect whether the digestion was complete. After digestion, an equal volume of chloroform was added for extraction, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 5 minutes, the supernatant was taken into a centrifuge tube, and then an equal volume of chloroform was added for extraction again, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm at 4°C for 5 minutes, the supernatant was taken into a centrifuge tube, and chloroform extraction was repeated once, and the supernatant was taken. 3M sodium acetate solution was added to the above aqueous phase to make the final concentration reach 0.3 M, and then 2 volumes of pre-cooled absolute ethanol were added and placed at -20°C overnight. After taking out the sample, it was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm at 4°C for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded. 500 μL of 70% ethanol solution was added, centrifuged at 12,000 rpm at 4°C for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded; repeated once. After removing the residual liquid with a pipette tip, it was air-dried and dissolved in an appropriate amount of DEPC water. The primers Insitu-MADS22-F / R used in probe preparation are shown in SEQ ID No.12 and SEQ ID No.13, and the primer sequences used in probe preparation are Insitu-MADS22-F and Insitu-MADS22-R, shown in SEQ ID No.13 and SEQ ID No.14 respectively.

[0048] IV. In vitro transcription In vitro transcription was carried out with reference to the Roche DIG RNA Labeling Kit (Roche, Switzerland) instruction manual and slightly modified according to the experiment. All materials and drugs were RNase-free. The steps were as follows: Add the following system to a RNase-free centrifuge tube: 1 μg of DNA and add DEPC water to 13 μL. Then add the following reagents to the system: 2 μL of 10× NTP Labeling mixture, 2 μL of 10× transcription buffer, 1 μL of RNase inhibitor, 2 μL of RNA polymerase, gently mix and centrifuge, and incubate at 37°C for 2 hours. Then add 2 μL of DNase I, RNase-free, incubate at 37°C for 15 minutes, and add 2 μL of 0.2 M EDTA (pH 8.0) to terminate the reaction. Then add 2.5 μL of 4M LiCl and 75 µL of pre-cooled absolute ethanol, mix well, and place at -20°C overnight. Centrifuge at 12,000 rpm at 4°C for 20 minutes and discard the supernatant, add 500 μL of 70% ethanol, centrifuge at 12,000 rpm at 4°C for 5 minutes and discard the supernatant, suck the residual liquid dry with a pipette tip, and air-dry. Finally, add DEPC water, detect the probe quality by gel electrophoresis, aliquot, and store at -80°C.

[0049] V. In situ hybridization 1. Process the sections 1) Deparaffinization and rehydration. Deparaffinize the sections in xylene with different concentration gradients successively as follows: 100% xylene for 10 minutes, 100% xylene for 10 minutes, 75% xylene / 25% ethanol for 20 minutes, 25% xylene / 75% ethanol for 10 minutes.

[0050] Transfer the sections to ethanol with different concentration gradients for rehydration successively as follows: 100% ethanol for 2 minutes, 95% ethanol for 2 minutes, 80% ethanol for 2 minutes, 60% ethanol for 2 minutes, 30% ethanol for 2 minutes. Finally, place the sections in DEPC water for 2 minutes.

[0051] 2) Treat the sections in 0.25 M hydrochloric acid solution for 20 minutes.

[0052] 3) Treat the sections in DEPC water for 5 minutes.

[0053] 4) Treat the sections in 2×SSC solution for 20 minutes.

[0054] 5) Treat the sections in DEPC water for 5 minutes.

[0055] 6) Transfer the sections to a proteinase K solution at 4 μg / μL and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. Note to preheat the proteinase K buffer and add the proteinase K immediately before putting it into the sections.

[0056] 7) Treat the sections in 1×PBS solution for 2 minutes.

[0057] 8) Treat the sections in 0.2% glycine (dissolved in 1×PBS, add immediately before use) for 2 minutes.

[0058] 9) Treat the sections in 1×PBS solution twice, each for 2 minutes.

[0059] 10) Treat the sections in 4% formaldehyde solution (prepared with 1×PBS) for 10 minutes.

[0060] 11) Treat the sections in 1×PBS solution twice, each for 5 minutes.

[0061] 12) Add 536 μL of triethanolamine, 160 μL of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and 200 μL of acetic anhydride to 40 mL of 1×PBS solution respectively, stir well and then put the sections in, and treat for 5 minutes.

[0062] 13) Treat the sections in 1×PBS solution twice, each for 5 minutes.

[0063] 2. Hybridization 1) Preheat the hybridization solution and 50% formamide at 80°C.

[0064] 2) Prepare the probe: Add 60 μL of 50% formamide to 5 μL of the probe, denature it in a water bath at 80°C for 2 minutes, and immediately place it on ice to prevent renaturation.

[0065] 3) Add 120 μL of hybridization solution to the probe and mix well.

[0066] 4) Uniformly spread all of the above solution onto the corresponding glass slides, cover with a sealing film, and place in a humid chamber.

[0067] 5) Place the humid chamber in the dark in an incubator at 50°C overnight.

[0068] 3. Wash the slides 1) Place the sections in a 0.2×SSC solution preheated to 50°C and incubate at 50°C for 1 hour, twice.

[0069] 2) Transfer the sections to an NTE solution preheated to 37°C and incubate at 37°C twice, 5 minutes each time.

[0070] 3) Transfer the sections to a 5 μg / μL RNase A solution (in NTE preheated to 37°C) and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes.

[0071] 4) Transfer the sections to an NTE solution preheated to 37°C and treat at 37°C twice, 5 minutes each time.

[0072] 5) Place the sections in a 0.2×SSC solution preheated to 50°C and incubate at 50°C for 1 hour.

[0073] 4. Detection 1) Place the sections in a 1×TBS solution and treat for 5 minutes.

[0074] 2) Place the sections in a 1% blocking solution and treat for 45 minutes.

[0075] 3) Place the sections in BSA / Triton / TBS and treat for 45 minutes.

[0076] 4) Take 0.6 μL of biotin antibody and 600 μL of BSA / Triton / TBS solution, uniformly spread them onto each glass slide, cover with a sealing film, place in a humid chamber, at room temperature, in the dark, for 2 hours.

[0077] 5) Treat the sections in the BSA / Triton / TBS solution for 15 minutes, 4 times in total.

[0078] 6) Wash the slides with TEddH 2 O twice, 5 minutes each time.

[0079] 7) Add 2 μL of NBT / BCIP and 100 μL of TEddH 2Cover it with sealing film, place it in a wet box, avoid light, at room temperature, and let it stand overnight.

[0080] 8) Observe and take pictures under a microscope.

[0081] Figure 6 For the detection results of in situ hybridization young panicles under the background of Jing 411 TaMADS22

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.​

Claims

1. Application of TaMADS22 protein or a fusion protein of TaMADS22 protein, or a gene encoding the same, or a biological material containing the gene encoding the same, in regulating wheat ear development or grain development; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.1 or SEQ ID No.2; (b) A sequence having the function of regulating wheat ear development or grain development by replacing, and / or deleting, and / or adding one or more amino acid residues in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1 or SEQ ID No.

2.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheat ear development or grain development includes at least one aspect of wheat heading period, number of wheat spikelets per ear, number of wheat grains per ear, wheat grain length, wheat grain width, and wheat grain thousand-grain weight.

3. Application of TaMADS22 protein or a fusion protein of TaMADS22 protein, or a gene encoding the same, or a biological material containing the gene encoding the same, in regulating wheat yield; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.1 or SEQ ID No.2; (b) A sequence having the function of regulating wheat yield by replacing, and / or deleting, and / or adding one or more amino acid residues in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1 or SEQ ID No.

2.

4. Application of TaMADS22 protein or a fusion protein of TaMADS22 protein, or a gene encoding the same, or a biological material containing the gene encoding the same, in wheat variety improvement; the amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) the sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1 or 2; (b) A sequence having the function of regulating wheat ear development, grain development or wheat yield by replacing, and / or deleting, and / or adding one or more amino acid residues in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 or 2.

5. The use according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The TaMADS22 protein or the fusion protein of the TaMADS22 protein, or the gene encoding the TaMADS22 protein, or the biological material containing the gene encoding the TaMADS22 protein, affects the wheat yield through the number of wheat ears and the weight of wheat grains.

6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The amino acid sequence of the TaMADS22 protein is the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.5 or SEQ ID No.

7.

7. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The coding gene of the TaMADS22 protein is at least one of the following: (a) the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.3 or SEQ ID No.4; (b) A DNA molecule that can affect wheat ear development, grain development or wheat yield, formed by one to several base substitutions and / or one to several base insertions and / or deletions or large fragments of nucleotide sequence insertion / deletion / shift / inversion based on SEQ ID NO.3 or SEQ ID NO.

4.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The coding gene of the TaMADS22 protein is the sequence shown in SEQ ID No.6 or SEQ ID No.

8.

9. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The biological material is recombinant DNA, expression cassette, transposon, plasmid vector, virus vector, engineered bacteria or non-renewable plant cells or tissues.

10. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Wheat ear development, grain development or wheat yield is regulated by adjusting the expression level or activity of TaMADS22 protein or gene.

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