Tuning vibration and noise reduction device suitable for rail transit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a tuning vibration and noise reduction device suitable for rail transit, which comprises a rail bed, a groove table is fixedly connected to the top of the rail bed, a bearing plate is welded in the groove table, and a steel rail is mounted at the top of the bearing plate. According to the invention, through cooperative work of the vibration reduction mechanism and the noise reduction mechanism, vibration energy is buffered, dissipated and recycled by utilizing sliding of a piston rod in a sleeve, flowing of damping liquid and a piezoelectric effect, and the vibration reduction mechanism has the advantages that the vibration reduction mechanism and the noise reduction mechanism are arranged in the sleeve, so that the vibration energy is reduced, and the service life of the vibration reduction mechanism is prolonged. The device can dynamically adjust the damping liquid amount according to the weight of a train, the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect is enhanced, meanwhile, the piezoelectric sheets convert vibration energy into electric energy and feed the electric energy back to the electromagnets, steel rail vibration is restrained, noise is reduced, cooperative enhancement of noise reduction and vibration reduction is achieved, the service life of a rail is effectively prolonged, and noise pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and in particular to a tuned vibration damping and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, cities around the world have been increasing their investment in rail transit construction. Various rail transit lines such as subways, light rails, and high-speed rails have crisscrossed the cities like bamboo shoots after a spring rain. The subway is a rapid, high-capacity, electrically powered rail transit track built in the city. When the subway runs on the track, it will generate a large amount of vibration, and tools are needed to damp the track to prevent the vibration from directly transmitting to surrounding buildings through the soil layer, etc.

[0003] However, traditional vibration damping devices often only buffer vibrations through simple structures such as springs and rubber pads. The vibration damping effect is limited, and it is difficult to effectively cope with the vibrations generated by complex and changeable train operation conditions, resulting in the wear and aging of the track and greatly shortening the service life of the track.

[0004] In view of this, research and improvement are carried out on the existing problems, and a tuned vibration damping and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit is provided. The purpose is to solve the problems and improve the practical value through this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and a tuned vibration damping and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit is proposed. The present invention realizes the buffering, dissipation and recycling of vibration energy through the coordinated work of a vibration damping mechanism and a noise reduction mechanism, using the sliding of a piston rod in a sleeve, the flow of damping liquid and the piezoelectric effect. The device can dynamically adjust the amount of damping liquid according to the train weight to enhance the vibration damping and noise reduction effect. At the same time, the piezoelectric sheet converts the vibration energy into electrical energy and feeds it back to the electromagnet to suppress the vibration of the rail and reduce noise, realizing the synergistic enhancement of noise reduction and vibration damping, effectively extending the service life of the track and reducing noise pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A tuned vibration damping and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit, including a track bed, a groove platform is fixedly connected to the top of the track bed, a bearing plate is welded inside the groove platform, a rail is installed on the top of the bearing plate, track fasteners are fixedly installed on both sides of the rail through bolts, a vibration damping mechanism for reducing the amplitude is arranged inside the groove platform, and a noise reduction mechanism for reducing noise is arranged inside the groove platform; The noise reduction mechanism includes a sound insulation cover installed at the top of the track bed. A liquid storage tank is installed inside the sound insulation cover. A plurality of installation holes are formed in the top of the sound insulation cover, and sound absorption plates are installed inside the plurality of installation holes. Two symmetric installation frames are installed on the top of the liquid storage tank. Two symmetric guide rods are fixedly connected between the two installation frames. Moving seats are slidably arranged on the outer walls of the two guide rods. An articulated rod is fixedly connected between the two moving seats. A vibration conduction plate is articulated on the outer wall of the articulated rod. A through hole is formed at the top end of the liquid storage tank. The top end of the vibration conduction plate extends into the installation hole, and the bottom end of the vibration conduction plate extends into the liquid storage tank through the through hole. The sleeve is communicated with the liquid storage tank through connecting pipe A and connecting pipe B. Damping liquid B is arranged inside the liquid storage tank. A piezoelectric mechanism for generating electric energy is arranged at the top end of the liquid storage tank.

[0007] Preferably: A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole, and the vibration conduction plate rotates on the outer wall of the limiting rod.

[0008] Preferably: The number of the vibration conduction plates is plural, and the plural vibration conduction plates are fixedly connected to each other by spring B in pairs.

[0009] Preferably: The damping mechanism includes a sleeve installed at the top of the track bed. A piston plate is slidably arranged inside the sleeve. A piston rod is fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate. The top end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bearing plate. A spring A is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod. Damping liquid A is arranged between the bottom end inside the sleeve and the bottom of the piston plate.

[0010] Preferably: One-way valves are installed at the connection between the sleeve and connecting pipe A, and one-way valves are installed at the connection between connecting pipe B and the liquid storage tank.

[0011] Preferably: The sound absorption plate is arc-shaped, and a plurality of through holes are formed on the surface of the sound absorption plate.

[0012] Preferably: The piezoelectric mechanism includes a housing installed on the top of the liquid storage tank. A sliding rod is slidably arranged inside the housing. A connecting rod is fixedly connected between one side of the moving seat and one end of the sliding rod. Mounting plates are fixedly connected to both side walls of the sliding rod through connecting plates. Piezoelectric wafers are fixedly installed between one side of the mounting plate and the inner wall of the housing. Symmetrically arranged support rods are installed inside the housing. A pressing block is installed on one side of the support rod. A power supply box is installed at the top end of the housing. An electromagnet is fixedly installed at the top end of the track bed. A protective cover is sleeved outside the electromagnet. The power supply box is electrically connected to the protective cover through a wire. The piezoelectric wafers are electrically connected to the power supply box through a wire.

[0013] Preferably: The housing is arranged in a rectangular sealed manner, and part of foam material is filled in the inner cavity of the housing.

[0014] Preferably, the piezoelectric sheet is arranged between two groups of symmetric support rods, and the pressing block is made of rubber material.

[0015] Preferably, ventilation holes are formed in the outer wall of the protective cover.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When the steel rail is vibrated by the train running, the bearing plate transfers the vibration to the piston rod, and the piston rod drives the piston plate to slide in the sleeve. Spring A plays a buffering role. At the same time, the piston plate squeezes damping liquid A, and the viscous resistance of damping liquid A is used to consume the vibration energy, effectively reducing the amplitude, reducing the damage of the track caused by vibration, and prolonging the service life of the track.

[0017] 2. The vibration generated by the train in the present invention will cause air vibration, and the sound wave enters the installation hole of the sound insulation cover and is transmitted to the upper end of the vibration conduction plate through the through hole on the surface of the sound absorption plate. The vibration at the upper end of the vibration conduction plate will be transmitted to the lower end, and then the vibration energy is transmitted to damping liquid B. Damping liquid B converts the vibration energy into heat energy through its own viscous flow, thereby achieving energy dissipation and shock absorption, effectively hindering the further transmission of noise vibration, and achieving a good noise reduction effect.

[0018] 3. When the shock absorption mechanism is working for shock absorption in the present invention, the piston rod moves downward in the sleeve, pushing damping liquid A to flow into the liquid storage tank through connecting pipe A. The liquid volume of damping liquid B in the liquid storage tank increases. As the amount of damping liquid increases, the damping of the vibration conduction plate in damping liquid B increases, further enhancing the energy dissipation and shock absorption effect on the vibration and noise generated by subway operation, thereby improving the noise reduction intensity. In addition, when the weight of the train carriage is large, the noise vibration generated by the train running will increase, and the vibration conduction plate will receive stronger air vibration, causing the piston rod to move downward a greater distance driven by the piston plate, so that more damping liquid A flows into the liquid storage tank, and the amount of damping liquid increases accordingly. With the dynamic adjustment of the amount of damping liquid, the performance of the shock absorption and noise reduction device also changes accordingly. The increase in the amount of damping liquid will further increase the damping of the vibration conduction plate in damping liquid B, so as to more effectively dissipate the vibration and noise generated by subway operation, realize the dynamic automatic adjustment of the noise reduction performance according to the weight of the carriage, and thus more effectively improve the shock absorption and noise reduction effect of the track.

[0019] 4. The present invention utilizes the vibration generated by the train's running to be transmitted to the vibration conduction plate. The lower end of the vibration conduction plate swings in the liquid storage tank, and the upper end of the vibration conduction plate drives the moving seat to reciprocally slide along the surface of the guiding rod. The moving seat drives the sliding rod to move synchronously through the connecting rod, and the sliding rod drives the mounting plate to swing. The swinging of the mounting plate causes the piezoelectric sheet connected to the mounting plate to undergo periodic deformation under the action of the pressing block. Based on the piezoelectric effect, the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is transmitted through the wire to the power supply box for storage. When the train passes by, the electrical energy in the power supply box is transmitted to the electromagnet through the wire. After the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic field is generated, and a repulsive force is generated between this magnetic field and the rail, thereby forming a resistance to suppress the vibration of the rail, reduce the original vibration generated by the train operation, and further reduce the generation of noise, achieving the synergistic enhancement effect of noise reduction and vibration reduction. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is the sectional structural schematic diagram of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the piezoelectric mechanism of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part B of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 is the internal structural schematic diagram of the housing of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the sound absorption board of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part C of a tuned vibration reduction and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit proposed by the present invention.

[0021] Legend Explanation: 1. Track bed; 2. Groove table; 3. Bearing plate; 4. Rail; 5. Track fastener; 6. Vibration damping mechanism; 601. Sleeve; 602. Piston plate; 603. Piston rod; 604. Spring A; 605. Damping liquid A; 7. Noise reduction mechanism; 701. Sound insulation cover; 702. Liquid storage tank; 703. Installation hole; 704. Sound absorption board; 705. Installation frame; 706. Guide rod; 707. Moving seat; 708. Hinge rod; 709. Vibration conduction plate; 710. Through hole; 711. Limit rod; 712. Spring B; 713. Connecting pipe A; 714. Connecting pipe B; 715. Damping liquid B; 8. Piezoelectric mechanism; 801. Housing; 802. Slide bar; 803. Connecting rod; 804. Connecting plate; 805. Installation plate; 806. Piezoelectric wafer; 807. Support rod; 808. Pressing block; 809. Power supply box; 810. Electromagnet; 811. Protective cover. Specific embodiments

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention provides a tuned vibration damping and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit, including a track bed 1. A groove table 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the track bed 1. A bearing plate 3 is welded inside the groove table 2. A rail 4 is installed on the top of the bearing plate 3. Track fasteners 5 are fixedly installed on both sides of the rail 4 by bolts. A vibration damping mechanism 6 for reducing the amplitude is provided inside the groove table 2, and a noise reduction mechanism 7 for reducing noise is provided inside the groove table 2; Refer to Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the vibration damping mechanism 6 includes a sleeve 601 installed at the top end of the track bed 1. A piston plate 602 slides inside the sleeve 601. A piston rod 603 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate 602. The top end of the piston rod 603 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bearing plate 3. A spring A 604 is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod 603. A damping liquid A 605 is provided between the bottom end inside the sleeve 601 and the bottom of the piston plate 602; It should be noted that during use, when the rail 4 is vibrated by the train running, the bearing plate 3 transmits the vibration to the piston rod 603. The piston rod 603 drives the piston plate 602 to slide in the sleeve 601. The spring A 604 plays a buffering role. At the same time, the piston plate 602 presses the damping liquid A 605, and the viscous resistance of the damping liquid A 605 is used to consume the vibration energy, effectively reducing the amplitude, reducing the damage of the track caused by vibration, and prolonging the service life of the track.

[0024] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the noise reduction mechanism 7 includes a sound insulation cover 701 installed at the top end of the track bed 1. A liquid storage tank 702 is installed inside the sound insulation cover 701. A plurality of groups of mounting holes 703 are opened at the top of the sound insulation cover 701. Sound absorption plates 704 are installed inside the plurality of groups of mounting holes 703. Two groups of symmetric mounting frames 705 are installed at the top of the liquid storage tank 702. Two groups of symmetric guide rods 706 are fixedly connected between the two groups of mounting frames 705. A moving seat 707 slides on the outer walls of the two groups of guide rods 706. An articulated rod 708 is fixedly connected between the two groups of moving seats 707. A vibration conduction plate 709 is articulated on the outer wall of the articulated rod 708. A through hole 710 is opened at the top end of the liquid storage tank 702. The sleeve 601 and the liquid storage tank 702 are connected and communicated through a connecting pipe A 713 and a connecting pipe B 714. A damping liquid B 715 is arranged inside the liquid storage tank 702. A piezoelectric mechanism 8 for generating electric energy is arranged at the top end of the liquid storage tank 702; It should be noted that when the train runs, the vibration generated by the train will cause the air to vibrate and form sound waves. These sound waves first enter the mounting holes 703 at the top of the sound insulation cover 701, and then are transmitted to the upper end of the vibration conduction plate 709 through the through holes on the surface of the sound absorption plate 704. The vibration at the upper end of the vibration conduction plate 709 will be further transmitted to its lower end, and then the vibration energy is transmitted to the damping liquid B 715. The damping liquid B 715 converts the vibration energy into heat energy through its own viscous flow, thereby realizing energy dissipation and shock absorption, effectively hindering the further transmission of noise vibration, and achieving a good noise reduction effect; At the same time, when the shock absorption mechanism 6 is performing shock absorption work, the piston rod 603 moves downward in the sleeve 601, pushing the damping liquid A 605 to flow into the liquid storage tank 702 through the connecting pipe A 713, resulting in an increase in the liquid volume of the damping liquid B 715 in the liquid storage tank 702. As the amount of damping liquid increases, the damping of the vibration conduction plate 709 in the damping liquid B 715 increases, further enhancing the energy dissipation and shock absorption effect on the vibration and noise generated by the subway operation, thereby improving the noise reduction intensity; In addition, when the weight of the train carriages is relatively large, the noise and vibration generated during train operation will increase. In this case, the vibration conduction plate 709 will receive stronger air vibrations, resulting in an increase in the compression of the spring A604. This causes the piston rod 603 to move further downward under the drive of the piston plate 602, allowing more damping fluid A605 to flow into the liquid storage tank 702, and the amount of damping fluid increases accordingly. With the dynamic adjustment of the amount of damping fluid, the performance of the vibration reduction and noise reduction device also changes. The increase in the amount of damping fluid will further increase the damping of the vibration conduction plate 709 in the damping fluid B715, thereby more effectively dissipating the energy and reducing the vibration generated during subway operation, achieving dynamic adjustment of the noise reduction performance according to the weight of the carriages, and thus more effectively improving the effect of track vibration reduction and noise reduction.

[0025] Refer to Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the piezoelectric mechanism 8 includes a housing 801 installed on the top of the liquid storage tank 702. A slide bar 802 slides inside the housing 801. One side of the moving seat 707 and one end of the slide bar 802 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 803. Both side walls of the slide bar 802 are fixedly connected to a mounting plate 805 through a connecting plate 804. A piezoelectric sheet 806 is fixedly installed between one side of the mounting plate 805 and the inner wall of the housing 801. Symmetrically arranged support rods 807 are installed inside the housing 801. A pressing block 808 is installed on one side of the support rod 807. A power supply box 809 is installed at the top of the housing 801. An electromagnet 810 is fixedly installed at the top of the track bed 1; It should be noted that when the vibration generated during train operation is transmitted to the vibration conduction plate 709, the lower end of the vibration conduction plate 709 swings inside the liquid storage tank 702. At the same time, its upper end drives the moving seat 707 to reciprocally slide along the surface of the guide rod 706. The moving seat 707 drives the slide bar 802 to move synchronously through the connecting rod 803. The slide bar 802 further drives the mounting plate 805 to reciprocally swing. The swing of the mounting plate 805 causes the piezoelectric sheet 806 connected to it to deform periodically under the action of the pressing block 808. Based on the piezoelectric effect, the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 806 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, generating alternating current similar to a sine wave. This electrical energy is transmitted to the power supply box 809 for storage through wires. When the train passes by, the electrical energy in the power supply box 809 is transmitted to the electromagnet 810 through wires. After the electromagnet 810 is energized, it generates a magnetic field. A repulsive force is generated between this magnetic field and the rail 4. The direction of this repulsive force is opposite to the vibration direction of the rail 4, thereby forming a resistance to inhibit the vibration of the rail 4, reducing the original vibration generated during train operation, and further reducing the generation of noise. Through the piezoelectric mechanism 8, not only the recovery and conversion of vibration energy are achieved, but also the generated electrical energy is fed back to the vibration reduction mechanism 6, further enhancing the vibration reduction effect, and realizing the synergistic enhancement effect of noise reduction and vibration reduction.

[0026] Refer to Figure 3As shown, the top end of the vibration conduction plate 709 extends into the installation hole 703, enabling the vibration conduction plate 709 to be close to the sound absorption plate 704 directly, so that it can efficiently receive the mechanical energy transmitted by air vibration. The bottom end of the vibration conduction plate 709 extends into the interior of the liquid storage tank 702 through the through hole 710, allowing the vibration energy to be directly transmitted to the damping liquid B715. Through its viscous flow characteristics, the damping liquid B715 converts the vibration energy into heat energy, thereby achieving energy dissipation, enhancing the noise reduction ability of the device, effectively preventing the further propagation of vibration energy, and reducing the generation of noise.

[0027] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, a limiting rod 711 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 710. The vibration conduction plate 709 rotates on the outer wall of the limiting rod 711. The setting of the limiting rod 711 provides a fixed rotation center for the vibration conduction plate 709, ensuring that its movement trajectory always swings around the limiting rod 711.

[0028] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, multiple groups of vibration conduction plates 709 are provided. Multiple groups of vibration conduction plates 709 are fixedly connected to each other by springs B712. The connection of the springs B712 enables multiple groups of vibration conduction plates 709 to remain synchronized during vibration, thus ensuring that the swinging directions of all vibration conduction plates 709 are the same, and further effectively avoiding movement conflicts or mutual interference between the vibration conduction plates 709, and improving the vibration reduction efficiency of the entire system.

[0029] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, one-way valves are installed at the connection between the sleeve 601 and the connecting pipe A713, and one-way valves are installed at the connection between the connecting pipe B714 and the liquid storage tank 702. When the weight of the carriage is relatively large, the piston plate 602 moves downward. At this time, the one-way valve between the sleeve 601 and the connecting pipe A713 opens, compressing the damping liquid A605 into the liquid storage tank 702 through the connecting pipe A713, and the amount of the damping liquid B715 increases accordingly. When the weight of the carriage decreases, under the action of the spring A604, the upward movement of the piston plate 602 will form a negative pressure in the sleeve 601. At this time, the one-way valve between the connecting pipe B714 and the liquid storage tank 702 opens, and the damping liquid B715 in the liquid storage tank 702 will be sucked into the sleeve 601 through the connecting pipe B714 under the action of the pressure difference to supplement the volume of the damping liquid A605 in the sleeve 601. Through the setting of the two one-way valves, the reverse flow situation is avoided during the adjustment of the damping liquid A605 and the damping liquid B715.

[0030] Refer to Figure 7As shown, the sound-absorbing panel 704 is arranged in an arc shape. Multiple groups of through holes are provided on the surface of the sound-absorbing panel 704. The arc design of the sound-absorbing panel 704 can effectively expand its contact area with sound waves, enabling sound waves to come into contact with the surface of the sound-absorbing panel 704 more fully during the propagation process. The multiple groups of through holes provided on the surface of the sound-absorbing panel 704 provide multiple channels for sound waves to enter the interior of the sound-absorbing panel 704.

[0031] Refer to Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the housing 801 is arranged in a rectangular sealed manner. Part of the foam material is filled in the inner cavity of the housing 801. The rectangular sealed design of the housing 801 combined with the filling of the foam material can provide good protection for the piezoelectric mechanism 8. The foam material can buffer external impacts and vibrations, protect sensitive components such as the piezoelectric sheet 806 from damage, and improve the reliability and service life of the device.

[0032] Refer to Figure 5 As shown, the power supply box 809 is electrically connected to the protective cover 811 through a wire, and the piezoelectric sheet 806 is electrically connected to the power supply box 809 through a wire, which can efficiently transmit the generated electrical energy to the power supply box 809 for storage.

[0033] Refer to Figure 6 As shown, the piezoelectric sheet 806 is arranged between two groups of symmetric support rods 807. The pressing block 808 is made of rubber material. The rubber material has good elasticity and buffering performance, which can buffer the piezoelectric sheet 806 during the vibration process, reduce mechanical damage caused by severe vibration, and thus extend the service life of the piezoelectric sheet 806.

[0034] Refer to Figure 5 As shown, a protective cover 811 is sleeved outside the electromagnet 810. Vent holes are provided on the outer wall of the protective cover 811. The setting of the protective cover 811 can effectively prevent the electromagnet 810 from being eroded by the external environment, such as the intrusion of dust, moisture or other pollutants, extend the service life of the electromagnet 810, and the design of the vent holes ensures that the electromagnet 810 can effectively dissipate heat during the working process.

[0035] Working principle: When in use, when the rail 4 is vibrated by the train running, the bearing plate 3 transmits the vibration to the piston rod 603. The piston rod 603 drives the piston plate 602 to slide in the sleeve 601. The spring A 604 plays a buffering role. At the same time, the piston plate 602 squeezes the damping liquid A605, and the viscous resistance of the damping liquid A605 is used to consume the vibration energy, effectively reducing the amplitude, reducing the damage to the track caused by vibration, and extending the service life of the track; When the train is running, the vibration generated by the train will cause air vibration to form sound waves. These sound waves first enter the mounting holes 703 at the top of the sound insulation cover 701, and then are transmitted to the upper end of the vibration conduction plate 709 through the through holes on the surface of the sound absorption plate 704. The vibration at the upper end of the vibration conduction plate 709 will be further transmitted to its lower end, and then the vibration energy is transmitted to the damping liquid B715. The damping liquid B715 converts the vibration energy into heat energy through its viscous flow, thereby achieving energy dissipation and vibration reduction, effectively hindering the further transmission of noise vibration, and achieving a good noise reduction effect; At the same time, when the vibration reduction mechanism 6 is performing vibration reduction work, the piston rod 603 moves downward in the sleeve 601, pushing the damping liquid A605 to flow into the liquid storage tank 702 through the connecting pipe A713, resulting in an increase in the liquid volume of the damping liquid B715 in the liquid storage tank 702. As the amount of damping liquid increases, the damping of the vibration conduction plate 709 in the damping liquid B715 increases, further enhancing the energy dissipation and vibration reduction effect on the vibration and noise generated by subway operation, thereby improving the noise reduction intensity; In addition, when the weight of the train carriage is relatively large, the noise vibration generated during train operation will increase. In this case, the vibration conduction plate 709 will receive stronger air vibration, resulting in an increase in the compression amount of the spring A604. This causes the piston rod 603 to move downward further under the drive of the piston plate 602, so that more damping liquid A605 flows into the liquid storage tank 702, and the amount of damping liquid increases accordingly. With the dynamic adjustment of the amount of damping liquid, the performance of the vibration reduction and noise reduction device also changes accordingly. The increase in the amount of damping liquid will further increase the damping of the vibration conduction plate 709 in the damping liquid B715, so as to more effectively dissipate energy and reduce vibration for the vibration and noise generated by subway operation, realizing dynamic adjustment of the noise reduction performance according to the weight of the carriage, thereby more effectively improving the effect of track vibration reduction and noise reduction; When the vibration generated by the running of the train is transmitted to the vibration conduction plate 709, the lower end of the vibration conduction plate 709 swings in the liquid storage tank 702. At the same time, its upper end drives the moving seat 707 to reciprocate along the surface of the guide rod 706. The moving seat 707 drives the sliding rod 802 to move synchronously through the connecting rod 803. The sliding rod 802 further drives the mounting plate 805 to swing reciprocally. The swinging of the mounting plate 805 causes the piezoelectric sheet 806 connected to the mounting plate 805 to deform periodically under the action of the pressing block 808. Based on the piezoelectric effect, the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 806 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, generating an alternating current similar to a sine wave. This electrical energy is transmitted through wires to the power supply box 809 for storage. When the train passes by, the electrical energy in the power supply box 809 is transmitted to the electromagnet 810 through wires. After the electromagnet 810 is energized, a magnetic field is generated. A repulsive force is generated between this magnetic field and the rail 4. The direction of this repulsive force is opposite to the vibration direction of the rail 4, thereby forming a resistance to suppress the vibration of the rail 4, reduce the original vibration generated during the train operation, and further reduce the generation of noise. Through the piezoelectric mechanism 8, not only the recovery and conversion of vibration energy are realized, but also the generated electrical energy is fed back to the vibration damping mechanism 6, further enhancing the vibration damping effect and realizing the synergistic enhancement effect of noise reduction and vibration damping.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tuning vibration and noise reduction device suitable for rail transit, comprising a rail bed (1), characterized in that: The top of the track bed (1) is fixedly connected to a groove platform (2), a pressure plate (3) is welded inside the groove platform (2), a steel rail (4) is installed on the top of the pressure plate (3), rail fasteners (5) are fixedly installed on both sides of the steel rail (4) by bolts, a vibration reduction mechanism (6) for reducing amplitude is arranged inside the groove platform (2), and a noise reduction mechanism (7) for reducing noise is arranged inside the groove platform (2); The noise reduction mechanism (7) comprises a soundproof cover (701) installed on the top of the track bed (1), a liquid storage tank (702) is installed inside the soundproof cover (701), a plurality of groups of mounting holes (703) are provided on the top of the soundproof cover (701), sound absorbing panels (704) are installed inside the plurality of groups of mounting holes (703), two groups of symmetrical mounting frames (705) are installed on the top of the liquid storage tank (702), two groups of symmetrical guide rods (706) are fixedly connected between the two groups of mounting frames (705), movable seats (707) are slidably provided on the outer walls of the two groups of guide rods (706), and a hinged rod (707) is fixedly connected between the two groups of movable seats (707). 08), a vibration conduction plate (709) is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the hinged rod (708), a through hole (710) is opened at the top of the liquid storage tank (702), the top of the vibration conduction plate (709) extends to the inside of the mounting hole (703), the bottom of the vibration conduction plate (709) extends to the inside of the liquid storage tank (702) through the through hole (710), the sleeve (601) and the liquid storage tank (702) are connected through a connecting pipe A (713) and a connecting pipe B (714), a damping liquid B (715) is arranged inside the liquid storage tank (702), and a piezoelectric mechanism (8) for generating electric energy is arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank (702).

2. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the through hole (710) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (711), and the vibration conduction plate (709) rotates on the outer wall of the limiting rod (711).

3. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration conduction plates (709) are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of vibration conduction plates (709) are fixedly connected to each other via springs B (712).

4. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration reduction mechanism (6) comprises a sleeve (601) mounted on the top of the track bed (1), a piston plate (602) slidingly arranged inside the sleeve (601), a piston rod (603) fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate (602), a top of the piston rod (603) fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (3), a spring A (604) sleeved on the outer wall of the piston rod (603), and a damping liquid A (605) arranged between the inner bottom end of the sleeve (601) and the bottom of the piston plate (602).

5. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 4, characterized in that: A one-way valve is installed at the connection between the sleeve (601) and the connecting pipe A (713), and a one-way valve is installed at the connection between the connecting pipe B (714) and the liquid storage tank (702).

6. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound absorbing plate (704) is arranged in an arc shape, and a plurality of groups of through holes are provided on the surface of the sound absorbing plate (704).

7. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric mechanism (8) comprises a shell (801) mounted on the top of a liquid storage tank (702), a sliding rod (802) sliding inside the shell (801), a connecting rod (803) fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod (802) on one side of the movable seat (707), a mounting plate (805) fixedly connected to both side walls of the sliding rod (802) via a connecting plate (804), a piezoelectric sheet (806) fixedly mounted between one side of the mounting plate (805) and the inner wall of the shell (801), and the shell (801) is provided with a plurality of piezoelectric thin sheets (806) fixedly mounted thereon. 01) is internally mounted with symmetrically arranged support rods (807), a pressure block (808) is mounted on one side of the support rods (807), a power supply box (809) is mounted on the top of the housing (801), an electromagnet (810) is fixedly mounted on the top of the track bed (1), a protective cover (811) is mounted on the outside of the electromagnet (810), the power supply box (809) and the protective cover (811) are electrically connected via a wire, and the piezoelectric thin film (806) and the power supply box (809) are electrically connected via a wire.

8. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell (801) is arranged in a rectangular sealed manner, and the inner cavity of the shell (801) is partially filled with foam material.

9. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piezoelectric thin sheet (806) is arranged between two groups of symmetrical support rods (807), and the pressing block (808) is made of rubber material.

10. The tuning vibration and noise reduction device applicable to rail transit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the protective cover (811) is provided with ventilation holes.

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