Method for replacing elastic cushion layer of ballastless track of high-speed railway

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ballastless track construction, and discloses a method for replacing an elastic cushion layer of a ballastless track of a high-speed railway, which comprises the following steps: S100, construction preparation, S200, tool installation in place, S300, track plate hoisting: controlling the track plate to be longitudinally lifted by a portal lifting device, and longitudinally hovering after the height of the track plate is higher than a horse stool, then the gate-type lifting device controls the track plate to move transversely, the track plate is suspended transversely after being located above the horse stools, then the gate-type lifting device controls the track plate to descend longitudinally, and the track plate is placed on the rubber pads at the tops of the horse stools; s400, the elastic cushion layer is replaced; and S500, the track plate is reset. The invention provides another brand-new elastic cushion layer replacing method, the stability of the track plate in the elastic cushion layer replacing process is guaranteed by hoisting and temporarily placing the track plate, the track plate can be controlled to reset after the elastic cushion layer is replaced, the track plate does not need to be poured again, the cost is saved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ballastless track construction, and particularly relates to a method for replacing an elastic cushion of a high-speed railway ballastless track. Background Art

[0002] When designing the ballastless track bed of a high-speed railway double-block ballastless track, a structural form of "base slab + isolation layer + limiting device + track slab" is adopted. A 4-mm-thick geotextile isolation layer is laid on the base slab to separate and combine the track slab and the base slab. It allows the track slab to move slightly longitudinally and transversely on the base slab under the drive of the rail during train operation or temperature stress; two limiting bosses are arranged at the bottom of the track slab and embedded in the limiting grooves on the top surface of the base slab to ensure that the displacement of the track slab on the base slab is within the allowable range and ensure that the line will not be severely deformed. An 8-mm-thick rubber elastic cushion is laid between the limiting groove and the limiting boss to buffer the pressure of the track slab displacement on the base slab. During the actual operation of the ballastless track, the elastic cushion will be worn out, and the buffering effect of the elastic cushion will become worse and worse. Therefore, after a certain period of time, it is necessary to replace and renovate the elastic cushion. The existing technology generally renovates by removing the track slab, replacing the isolation layer and the elastic cushion, and re-pouring the track slab, with low efficiency and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for replacing an elastic cushion of a high-speed railway ballastless track to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for replacing an elastic cushion of a high-speed railway ballastless track includes the following steps:

[0006] S100. Construction preparation:

[0007] Prepare the required construction equipment according to the track slab situation at the elastic cushion replacement position. The construction equipment includes a gantry lifting device, a sling, a stool, and the elastic cushion and geotextile to be replaced.

[0008] S200. Installation and positioning of the tooling:

[0009] Install the gantry lifting device at the replacement position. Among them, the base of the gantry lifting device is arranged on both sides of the two ballastless tracks. The hook of the gantry lifting device is connected to the sling through a steel wire rope, and the sling is connected to the track slab at the elastic cushion replacement position; before lifting the track slab, place at least two stools for support between the two ballastless tracks, and fix rubber pads on the tops of the stools.

[0010] S300. Lifting of the track slab:

[0011] The gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal lifting of the track slab. After the height of the track slab is higher than the stool, it hovers longitudinally. Then, the gantry lifting device controls the transverse movement of the track slab. After the track slab is above the stool, it hovers transversely. Next, the gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal descent of the track slab and places the track slab on the rubber pad on the top of the stool.

[0012] S400. Replace the elastic cushion:

[0013] Remove the elastic cushion in the limit groove and then install a brand-new elastic cushion; remove or repair the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab. When removing the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab, install a brand-new geotextile.

[0014] S500. Reset the track slab:

[0015] The gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal lifting of the track slab. After the track slab is separated from the stool, it hovers longitudinally. Then, the gantry lifting device controls the transverse movement of the track slab. After the track slab is directly above the base slab, it hovers transversely. Next, the gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal descent of the track slab to accurately dock the track slab with the base slab.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, before step S300, it further includes step S250. Pre-construction measurement:

[0017] Make at least two vertical marking lines on the sides of both ends of the track slab and the base slab to be lifted. Make at least two horizontal marking lines between the top surfaces of both ends of the track slab to be lifted and the top surfaces of adjacent track slabs, and make horizontal marking lines between the sides of both ends of the track slab to be lifted and the sides of adjacent track slabs; use a total station in cooperation with a track geometry state measuring instrument to collect the initial horizontal and elevation position information of the track slab receiving platform to form track slab initial state data.

[0018] When the track slab is accurately docked with the base slab in step S500, control the vertical marking lines between the lifted track slab and the base slab to be aligned, the horizontal marking lines between the lifted track slab and adjacent track slabs to be aligned, and the horizontal marking lines between the lifted track slab and adjacent track slabs to be aligned. Then, use a total station and a truss to collect the horizontal and elevation position information of the track slab receiving platform and compare and analyze it with the track slab initial state data to judge the reset accuracy of the track slab and ensure that the position accuracy of the track slab meets the requirements.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, between step S250 and step S300, it further includes step S280. Pre-lifting:

[0020] In the curved section, install 10t jacks at the ends of the crossbeams of the track-laying tooling, and use the jacks to pre-lift the crossbeams synchronously to make the track slab void by 2 cm; at the same time, for the curved section, install wedge-shaped square timbers between the top of the stool and the rubber pad in step S200 to ensure that the track slab maintains its original inclination on the top of the stool by using the wedge-shaped square timbers;

[0021] In the straight section, directly use the gantry lifting device to pre-lift the track slab to make the track slab void.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the gantry lifting device includes two gantry cranes arranged in parallel. Each gantry crane includes two I-beam top beams arranged in parallel. The two ends of the two I-beam top beams are connected by crossbeams, and support columns are connected to the lower ends of the two I-beam top beams. The two support columns on the same side of the gantry crane are installed on a base, and the bases on the same side of the two gantry cranes are connected by a positioning connecting rod. First connecting flanges are installed at both ends of the positioning connecting rod, and second connecting flanges are fixed on both bases. The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange are detachably connected; a U-shaped connecting plate is installed between the two I-beam top beams. An active wheel and a passive wheel are respectively installed on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped connecting plate. The active wheel and the passive wheel are respectively rollingly arranged on the inner bottom surfaces of the two I-beam top beams away from each other. One side of the U-shaped connecting plate is detachably connected with a traveling motor for controlling the rotation of the active wheel; a steel rope winding wheel is installed on the U-shaped connecting plate. One side of the steel rope winding wheel is detachably connected with a lifting motor for controlling its rotation. A steel rope wound around the steel rope winding wheel is connected to a hook, and is used to connect to a lifting tool through a steel wire rope by means of the hook; an upper connecting rod is detachably connected between the central axes of the two steel rope winding wheels.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the positioning connecting rod includes two coaxial connecting rod segments. A limiting rod and a double-headed stud are arranged between the two connecting rod segments. One end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to one connecting rod segment, and the other end of the limiting rod is slidably connected to the other connecting rod segment; both ends of the double-headed stud are threadedly connected to the two connecting rod segments respectively. A passive gear is coaxially connected to the middle of the double-headed stud. An active gear meshing with the passive gear is coaxially sleeved on the limiting rod. One side of the active gear is connected with an adjusting ring. The adjusting ring is sleeved outside the limiting rod, and a plurality of insertion holes convenient for inserting and matching with an adjusting rod are formed on the adjusting ring; the upper connecting rod includes a middle sliding rod and end sleeve rods. The two ends of the middle sliding rod are respectively slidably matched with an end sleeve rod. The ends of the two end sleeve rods away from the middle sliding rod are respectively detachably connected to the central axes of the two steel rope winding wheels through locking screws.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a positioning bolt is threadedly connected to the adjusting ring. The screw rod portion of the positioning bolt passes through the adjusting ring and abuts against the limiting rod. The other end of the limiting rod is threadedly connected to an extension rod. The extension rod penetrates through the corresponding connecting rod segment and the second connecting flange. A threaded groove is formed at the other end of the limiting rod, and a connecting screw rod is provided at one end of the extension rod. The connecting screw rod is threadedly connected to the threaded groove. Two stud bolts are provided. The thread directions of the same ends of the two stud bolts are the same. Passive gears are coaxially connected to the middle portions of the two stud bolts. The two passive gears are arranged at intervals, and the driving gear meshes with both of the two passive gears.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a lower connecting rod is detachably connected between the steel ropes at the upper ends of the two hooks. The two ends of the lower connecting rod are detachably connected to the two steel ropes through first hoop fasteners. The lower connecting rod includes a plurality of lower connecting rod segments. Semi-circular hoop fasteners are provided at both ends of each lower connecting rod segment, so that two adjacent lower connecting rod segments can be detachably connected through the two semi-circular hoop fasteners. An upper limiting ring is provided in the middle of the middle sliding rod. The middle sliding rod is divided into two sections and is respectively connected to both sides of the upper limiting ring. A lower limiting ring is sleeved on the middle of the lower connecting rod. A telescopic rod is slidably connected in the upper limiting ring. The lower end of the telescopic rod is connected to the lower limiting ring. The upper end of the telescopic rod is located above the upper limiting ring. A limiting plate is fixed to the upper end of the upper limiting ring, and the diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the inner diameter of the upper limiting ring.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the motor shaft of the traveling motor is detachably connected to the central shaft of the driving wheel through a first sliding sleeve. One end of the first sliding sleeve is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the traveling motor through a first fastening screw. A first limiting groove extending along its length direction is formed on the inner wall of one side of the first sliding sleeve. A first convex strip extending along its length direction is provided at one end of the central shaft of the driving wheel. The first convex strip is in sliding fit with the first limiting groove. A first threaded groove is further provided at one end of the central shaft of the driving wheel. When the first fastening screw slides to the first threaded groove, the first fastening screw can be threadedly engaged with the first threaded groove. The motor shaft of the lifting motor is detachably connected to the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel through a second sliding sleeve. One end of the second sliding sleeve is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the lifting motor through a second fastening screw. A second limiting groove extending along its length direction is formed on the inner wall of one side of the second sliding sleeve. A second convex strip extending along its length direction is provided at one end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel. The second convex strip is in sliding fit with the second limiting groove. A first threaded groove is further provided at one end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel. When the second fastening screw slides to the second threaded groove, the second fastening screw can be threadedly engaged with the second threaded groove.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, upper support rollers are provided at the upper ends of two I-beam roof beams. The two upper support rollers are connected by an upper connecting shaft. A lower connecting shaft is installed inside the U-shaped connecting plate. A lower bearing is sleeved in the middle of the lower connecting shaft, and an upper bearing is sleeved in the middle of the upper connecting shaft. Second hoops are sleeved outside both the upper bearing and the lower bearing. The two second hoops are connected by cooperating with a first screw and a first nut; upper circlips are clamped on the upper connecting shaft on both sides of the upper bearing, and the two upper circlips are both abutted against the inner ring of the upper bearing; lower circlips are clamped on the lower connecting shaft on both sides of the lower bearing, and the two lower circlips are both abutted against the inner ring of the lower bearing.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the spreader includes a horizontally arranged I-shaped connecting frame. Steel wire ropes are connected to the upper ends of the side beams on both sides of the I-shaped connecting frame. The two ends of the two steel wire ropes are connected to the two ends of their respective side beams, and the middle parts of the two steel wire ropes are respectively hung on two hooks; inverted U-shaped hanging frames are arranged below the two ends of each side beam. The two side plates of the two inverted U-shaped hanging frames are respectively located on both sides of the two steel rails at the upper end of the track slab. A second screw penetrating the steel rail is inserted between the two side plates, and two second nuts are threadedly connected to the second screw. The two second nuts are respectively clamped on the sides of the two side plates away from each other; the middle of the inverted U-shaped hanging frame is connected with a third screw. The upper part of the third screw penetrates the side beam, and two third nuts are threadedly connected to the third screw. The two third nuts are respectively clamped on the upper end and the lower end of the side beam.

[0029] Beneficial effects: When replacing the elastic cushion layer in the present invention, it only needs to lift the track slab and place it on the stool beside the ballastless track for construction. By measuring before construction and rechecking the measurement data during the reset of the track slab, it is ensured that the track slab can be quickly and accurately reset. Compared with the existing demolition and casting-in-place, a large amount of materials and time are saved, which is more economical and efficient, shortens the construction period, and is not only suitable for the replacement construction before the laying of new lines, but also for the slab replacement by taking key points for construction on the already opened and operating lines. The proposed slab replacement concept is the first case in high-speed railways and can be applied to the operation and maintenance construction of high-speed railways. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the gantry lifting device in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0032] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the positioning connecting rod in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic view of part B in

[0034] Figure 5 For Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram of part C in;

[0035] Figure 6 the schematic diagram when the lifting track slab of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 the schematic diagram when making vertical marking lines, horizontal marking lines and level marking lines on the track slab of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1 - I - beam top beam; 2 - cross beam; 3 - support column; 4 - base; 5 - positioning connecting rod; 6 - first connecting flange; 7 - second connecting flange; 8 - traveling motor; 9 - lifting motor; 10 - hook; 11 - steel rope; 12 - upper connecting rod; 13 - limiting rod; 14 - stud; 15 - passive gear; 16 - driving gear; 17 - adjusting ring; 18 - insertion hole; 19 - positioning bolt; 20 - U - shaped connecting plate; 21 - driving wheel; 22 - driven wheel; 23 - first sliding sleeve; 24 - first fastening screw; 25 - first rib; 26 - second sliding sleeve; 27 - second fastening screw; 28 - second rib; 29 - lower connecting rod; 30 - first hoop; 31 - upper limit ring; 32 - lower limit ring; 33 - telescopic rod; 34 - limiting plate; 35 - upper support roller; 36 - upper connecting shaft; 37 - lower connecting shaft; 38 - second hoop; 39 - first screw rod; 40 - I - shaped connecting frame; 41 - steel wire rope; 42 - inverted U - shaped hanging frame; 43 - second screw rod; 44 - second nut; 45 - third screw rod; 46 - third nut; 47 - track slab; 48 - vertical marking line; 49 - base plate; 50 - horizontal marking line; 51 - level marking line. Specific embodiments

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the present invention in combination with the drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. It should be noted here that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] As Figures 1 - 7 shown, this embodiment provides a method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a ballastless track for high - speed railways, including the following steps:

[0041] S100, Construction Preparation: Prepare the required construction equipment according to the condition of the track slab 47 at the position where the elastic cushion is to be replaced. The construction equipment includes a gantry lifting device, a sling, a stool, and the elastic cushion and geotextile to be replaced. When a jack is needed, the construction equipment also includes a jack.

[0042] S200, Installation and Positioning of Tooling: Install the gantry lifting device at the replacement position. Among them, the base of the gantry lifting device is set on both sides of two ballastless tracks. The hook 10 of the gantry lifting device is connected to the sling through a steel wire rope 41, and the sling is connected to the track slab 47 at the position where the elastic cushion is to be replaced, facilitating the lifting of the track slab 47 by the gantry lifting device, and then replacing the elastic cushion in the limit groove; before lifting the track slab 47, place at least two stools for support between the two ballastless tracks. Rubber pads are fixed on the tops of the stools to support the lifted track slab 47 through the stools. For curved sections, wedge-shaped wooden blocks are installed between the tops of the stools and the rubber pads to ensure that the track slab 47 maintains its original inclination on the tops of the stools.

[0043] S250, Pre-construction Measurement: As Figure 7 shown, make at least two vertical marking lines 49 on the side surfaces at both ends of the track slab 47 and the base slab 48 to be lifted, make at least two horizontal marking lines 50 between the top surfaces at both ends of the track slab 47 to be lifted and the top surfaces of the adjacent track slabs 47, and make horizontal marking lines 51 between the side surfaces at both ends of the track slab 47 to be lifted and the side surfaces of the adjacent track slabs 47. The initial position of the track slab 47 can be marked through all the marking lines. Furthermore, after replacing the elastic cushion and the track slab 47 is reset, the track slab can be more accurately reset to the initial position through all the marking lines; use a total station in cooperation with a track geometry state measuring instrument to collect the initial horizontal and elevation position information of the receiving platform of the track slab 47 to form the initial state data of the track slab 47, so as to more accurately ensure the reset accuracy of the track slab 47 after replacing the elastic cushion and the track slab 47 is reset.

[0044] S280, Pre-lifting: In curved sections, install 10t jacks at the ends of the crossbeams of the track laying tooling, and use the jacks to pre-lift the crossbeams synchronously to make the track slab 47 become disengaged by 2 cm; in straight sections, directly use the gantry lifting device to pre-lift the track slab 47 to make the track slab 47 become disengaged, eliminating the suction force between the track slab 47 and the base slab 48 or the lifting resistance caused by the curve superelevation, making the lifting of the track slab easier, and at the same time preventing damage to the track slab 47 due to too large suction force or resistance.

[0045] S300, Lifting the track slab: The gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal lifting of the track slab 47 at a uniform speed of 1 m / min. After the height of the track slab 47 is higher than the stool, it hovers longitudinally. Then, the gantry lifting device controls the transverse movement of the track slab 47 at a speed of 7 m / min and moves it above the stool. After the track slab 47 is above the stool, it hovers transversely. Then, the gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal descent of the track slab 47 and places the track slab 47 on the rubber pad at the top of the stool. Preferably, the center line of the track slab 47 is aligned with the transverse center line of the stool, so that the two stools are evenly stressed, realizing the nearby placement of the track slab 47, facilitating the replacement of the elastic cushion layer, and accelerating the replacement speed.

[0046] S400, Replacing the elastic cushion layer: Remove the elastic cushion layer in the limit groove, and then install a new elastic cushion layer; Remove or repair the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab 47, and clean the base surface with a hair dryer. When removing the geotextile at the bottom of the track slab 47, install a new geotextile. To further ensure the accurate reset of the track slab 47, cut a downward chamfer inward along the top edge of the positioning foam of the elastic cushion layer in the limit groove, and cut the periphery of the geotextile at the bottom of the limit boss of the track slab 47 to be no less than 4 cm wide.

[0047] S500, Resetting the track slab: The gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal lifting of the track slab 47. After the track slab 47 is separated from the stool, it hovers longitudinally. Then, the gantry lifting device controls the transverse movement of the track slab 47. After the track slab 47 is directly above the base slab 48, it hovers transversely. Then, the gantry lifting device controls the longitudinal descent of the track slab 47 to accurately dock the track slab 47 with the base slab 48; When the track slab 47 is accurately docked with the base slab 48, first visually control the vertical marking line 49 between the lifted track slab 47 and the base slab 48 to be aligned, the transverse marking line 50 between the lifted track slab 47 and the adjacent track slab 47 to be aligned, and the horizontal marking line 51 between the lifted track slab 47 and the adjacent track slab 47 to be aligned. After confirmation, continue to lower it by 2 cm, and then confirm and lower it into place. Then, conduct a recheck measurement, that is, use a total station and a truss to collect the horizontal and elevation position information of the receiving platform of the track slab 47, and compare and analyze it with the initial state data of the track slab 47 to judge the reset accuracy of the track slab 47 and ensure that the position accuracy of the track slab 47 meets the requirements.

[0048] When replacing the elastic cushion layer in the present invention, it only needs to lift the track slab and place it on the stool beside the ballastless track for construction. By measuring before construction and rechecking the measurement data during the reset of the track slab, it is ensured that the track slab can be quickly and accurately reset. Compared with the existing demolition and in-situ casting, a large amount of materials and time are saved, which is more economical and efficient, shortening the construction period. It is not only suitable for the replacement construction before the laying of new lines, but also for the slab removal and replacement of the opened and operating lines by using key-point construction. The proposed concept of slab removal and replacement is the first case in high-speed railways and can be applied to the operation and maintenance construction of high-speed railways.

[0049] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it should be further explained that the gantry lifting device includes two gantry cranes arranged in parallel. Each gantry crane includes two I-beam top beams 1 arranged in parallel. The I-beam top beams 1 extend along the width direction of the ballastless track. The two ends of the two I-beam top beams 1 are connected by cross beams 2 to form a stable frame structure. And support columns 3 are connected to the lower ends of the two I-beam top beams 1. The two support columns 3 on the same side of the gantry crane are both installed on a base 4. The bases 4 on the same side of the two gantry cranes are connected by a positioning connecting rod 5. First connection flanges 6 are installed at both ends of the positioning connecting rod 5. Second connection flanges 7 are fixed on both bases 4. The first connection flange 6 and the second connection flange 7 are detachably connected. The connection is simple and stable. Before construction, a positioning connecting rod 5 with a suitable length can be selected according to needs to connect the two gantry cranes. In this way, the two gantry cranes can be controlled to move synchronously during movement, which can avoid readjusting the distance between the two gantry cranes when moving the gantry lifting device, reduce the work intensity and improve the work efficiency.

[0050] On the basis described above, a U-shaped connecting plate 20 is installed between two I-beam roof beams 1. An active wheel 21 and a passive wheel 22 are respectively installed on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped connecting plate 20. The active wheel 21 and the passive wheel 22 are respectively arranged to roll on the inner bottom surfaces of the two I-beam roof beams 1 on the sides away from each other, ensuring the stability of the U-shaped connecting plate 20 during movement. One side of the U-shaped connecting plate 20 is detachably connected to a traveling motor 8 for controlling the rotation of the active wheel 21, so as to facilitate the horizontal movement of the U-shaped connecting plate 20, and further control the transverse movement of the track slab 47; a steel rope winding wheel is installed on the U-shaped connecting plate 20. One side of the steel rope winding wheel is detachably connected to a lifting motor 9 for controlling its rotation. A steel rope 11 connected to the hook 10 is wound around the steel rope winding wheel, used to connect to the lifting appliance through the hook 10 via the steel wire rope 41, connect the track slab through the lifting appliance, and then realize the lifting of the track slab, and control the lifting adjustment of the track slab through the operation of the traveling motor 8, realizing the longitudinal adjustment of the track slab 47; an upper connecting rod 12 is detachably connected between the central shafts of the two steel rope winding wheels, so that the two steel rope winding wheels can only rotate and move synchronously. In practice, one traveling motor 8 and one lifting motor 9 can be removed, and then the transverse movement of the two hooks 10 is controlled by one traveling motor 8, and the longitudinal movement of the two hooks 10 is controlled by one lifting motor 9, thus ensuring the stability of the track slab during movement. It should be noted that when the elastic cushion layer does not need to be replaced, the upper connecting rod 12 and the positioning connecting rod 5 can be removed, so that the two gantry cranes can be used separately, improving the practicability.

[0051] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it should be further noted that the positioning connecting rod 5 includes two coaxial connecting rod segments. A limiting rod 13 and a double-headed stud 14 are arranged between the two connecting rod segments. One end of the limiting rod 13 is fixedly connected to one connecting rod segment, and the other end of the limiting rod 13 is slidably connected to the other connecting rod segment, so that when the distance between the two connecting rod segments is adjusted, only relative sliding can be performed; both ends of the double-headed stud 14 are threadedly connected to the two connecting rod segments respectively. A passive gear 15 is coaxially connected to the middle of the double-headed stud 14. An active gear 16 meshing with the passive gear 15 is coaxially sleeved on the limiting rod 13. One side of the active gear 16 is connected to an adjusting ring 17. The adjusting ring 17 is sleeved outside the limiting rod 13, and a plurality of insertion holes 18 convenient for inserting and cooperating with an adjusting rod are formed in the adjusting ring 17. In practice, an adjusting rod can be inserted into the insertion hole 18 to control the rotation of the adjusting ring 17. The rotation of the adjusting ring 17 can drive the rotation of the active gear 16. The rotation of the active gear 16 can drive the rotation of the passive gear 15. The rotation of the passive gear 15 can drive the rotation of the double-headed stud 14, so that the double-headed stud 14 drives the two connecting rod segments to slide, realizing the length adjustment of the positioning connecting rod 5. It should be noted here that in practice, when the length of the positioning connecting rod 5 needs to be adjusted, it can be installed between the two gantry cranes after adjusting the length, or it can be adjusted after connection. When the positioning connecting rod 5 is connected to the two gantry cranes, two people can apply force to the two gantry cranes and combine with the adjustment of the adjusting ring 17, so that the positioning connecting rod 5 can be easily adjusted.

[0052] The upper connecting rod 12 includes a middle sliding rod and end sleeve rods. Both ends of the middle sliding rod are slidably matched with an end sleeve rod respectively. The ends of the two end sleeve rods far from the middle sliding rod are detachably connected to the central axes of the two wire rope winding wheels through locking screws. Therefore, when the distance between the two gantry cranes is adjusted, the length of the upper connecting rod can change accordingly.

[0053] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it should be further noted that a positioning bolt 19 is threadedly connected to the adjusting ring 17. The screw portion of the positioning bolt 19 passes through the adjusting ring 17 and abuts against the limiting rod 13. When the length of the positioning connecting rod 5 is not adjusted, the positioning bolt 19 can be tightened to achieve the positioning of the adjusting ring 17, thereby ensuring the stability of the adjusting ring 17 and the driving gear 16. The other end of the limiting rod 13 is threadedly connected with an extension rod. The extension rod penetrates through the corresponding connecting rod section and the second connecting flange 7. A threaded groove is provided at the other end of the limiting rod 13. One end of the extension rod is provided with a connecting screw, and the connecting screw is threadedly connected to the threaded groove. Therefore, when the length of the positioning connecting rod 5 is adjusted, the length of the limiting rod 13 can also be adjusted to ensure the stable limiting of the limiting rod 13 to the connecting rod section. Two stud bolts 14 are provided. The threading directions of the same ends of the two stud bolts 14 are the same. The middle parts of the two stud bolts 14 are coaxially connected with driven gears 15. The two driven gears 15 are arranged at intervals. The driving gear 16 meshes with both of the two driven gears 15. In this way, the two driven gears 15 can be simultaneously controlled to rotate by the driving gear 16, and then the two stud bolts 14 can be simultaneously controlled to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the length of the positioning connecting rod 5. The cooperation of the two stud bolts 14 can make the connection of the two connecting rod sections more stable.

[0054] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it should be further noted that a lower connecting rod 29 is detachably connected between the steel ropes 11 at the upper ends of the two lifting hooks 10, which can further enhance the stability at the lifting hooks 10. Thus, when lifting the track slab, the stability during the movement of the track slab can be strengthened. Both ends of the lower connecting rod 29 are detachably connected to the two steel ropes 11 through the first hoop 30. The lower connecting rod 29 includes several lower connecting rod segments, and semi-circular hoops are provided at both ends of each lower connecting rod segment, so that two adjacent lower connecting rod segments can be detachably connected through the two semi-circular hoops. In practice, it is convenient to adjust the length of the lower connecting rod 29 according to the actual situation to adapt to the track slab with a length in the range of 4.91 - 6.8 m. An upper limit ring 31 is provided in the middle of the middle sliding rod, and the middle sliding rod is divided into two sections and is respectively connected to both sides of the upper limit ring 31. An upper limit ring 31 is provided in the middle of the middle sliding rod, and the middle sliding rod is divided into two sections and is respectively connected to both sides of the upper limit ring 31. A lower limit ring 32 is sleeved on the middle of the lower connecting rod 29. A telescopic rod 33 is slidably connected in the upper limit ring 31. The lower end of the telescopic rod 33 is connected to the lower limit ring 32. The upper end of the telescopic rod 33 is located above the upper limit ring 31, and a limit plate 34 is fixed at the upper end of the upper limit ring 31. The diameter of the limit plate 34 is greater than the inner diameter of the upper limit ring 31, which can ensure that the telescopic rod 33 is vertically arranged, and the telescopic rod 33 realizes telescopic adjustment as the lifting hook 10 rises and falls, and can always ensure a vertically arranged form, thereby enhancing the stability of the structure and further enhancing the stability during the movement of the track slab.

[0055] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it should be further noted that the motor shaft of the traveling motor 8 is detachably connected to the central shaft of the driving wheel 21 through the first sliding sleeve 23. One end of the first sliding sleeve 23 is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the traveling motor 8 through the first fastening screw 24, which is convenient for disconnecting the connection between the traveling motor 8 and the driving wheel 21. A first limiting groove extending along its length direction is formed on the inner wall of one side of the first sliding sleeve 23. One end of the central shaft of the driving wheel 21 is provided with a first convex strip 25 extending along its length direction. The first convex strip 25 is in sliding fit with the first limiting groove, ensuring that the central shaft of the driving wheel 21 can be driven to rotate by the first sliding sleeve 23 when the traveling motor 8 starts. A first threaded groove is also provided at one end of the central shaft of the driving wheel 21. When the first fastening screw 24 slides to the first threaded groove, the first fastening screw 24 can be screwed into the first threaded groove in a matching manner. In practice, when it is necessary to disconnect the connection between the traveling motor 8 and the driving wheel 21, only the first fastening screw 24 needs to be removed first, then the first sliding sleeve 23 is slid so that the first sliding sleeve 23 is disengaged from the motor shaft of the traveling motor 8, and then the first fastening screw 24 is screwed into the first threaded groove in a matching manner. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0056] The motor shaft of the lifting motor 9 is detachably connected to the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel through a second sliding sleeve 26. One end of the second sliding sleeve 26 is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the lifting motor 9 through a second fastening screw 27, which facilitates disconnecting the connection between the lifting motor 9 and the steel rope winding wheel. A second limiting groove extending along its length direction is provided on the inner wall of one side of the second sliding sleeve 26. One end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel is provided with a second convex strip 28 extending along its length direction. The second convex strip 28 is in sliding fit with the second limiting groove, ensuring that the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel can be driven to rotate by the second sliding sleeve 26 when the lifting motor 9 starts. One end of the central shaft of the steel rope winding wheel is also provided with a first threaded groove. When the second fastening screw 27 slides to the second threaded groove, the second fastening screw 27 can be screwed into the second threaded groove in a matching manner. In practice, when it is necessary to disconnect the connection between the lifting motor 9 and the steel rope winding wheel, only the second fastening screw 27 needs to be removed first, then the second sliding sleeve 26 is slid so that the second sliding sleeve 26 is disengaged from the motor shaft of the lifting motor 9, and then the second fastening screw 27 is screwed into the second threaded groove in a matching manner. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0057] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it should be further noted that upper support rollers 35 are provided at the upper ends of both I-beam roof beams 1. The two upper support rollers 35 are connected by an upper connecting shaft 36. A lower connecting shaft 37 is installed in the U-shaped connecting plate 20. A lower bearing is sleeved in the middle of the lower connecting shaft 37, and an upper bearing is sleeved in the middle of the upper connecting shaft 36. Second clamps 38 are sleeved outside both the upper bearing and the lower bearing. The two second clamps 38 are connected by a first screw 39 in cooperation with a first nut, thereby realizing the connection between the upper connecting shaft 36 and the U-shaped connecting plate 20. When the U-shaped connecting plate 20 moves, the upper support rollers 35 will rotate together, which does not affect the movement of the walking trolley but can enhance the stability of the walking trolley; Upper circlips are clamped on the upper connecting shaft 36 on both sides of the upper bearing, and both upper circlips are abutted against the inner ring of the upper bearing to ensure that the upper bearing is centered; Lower circlips are clamped on the lower connecting shaft 37 on both sides of the lower bearing, and both lower circlips are abutted against the inner ring of the lower bearing to ensure that the lower bearing is centered, thereby ensuring the stability when the upper bearing is connected to the lower bearing.

[0058] As a preferred implementation in this embodiment, it should be further explained that the sling includes an I-shaped connecting frame 40 arranged horizontally. By means of the I-shaped connecting frame 40, the sling is formed into an integral body, so as to further enhance the stability of the track slab during hoisting. Steel wires 41 are connected to the upper ends of the side beams on both sides of the I-shaped connecting frame 40. The two ends of the two steel wires 41 are connected to the two ends of their respective side beams. The middle parts of the two steel wires 41 are respectively hung on the two hooks 10, which is convenient to lift the sling through the hooks 10; Below the two ends of each side beam, an inverted U-shaped hanging frame 42 is provided. The two side plates of the two inverted U-shaped hanging frames 42 are respectively located on both sides of the two steel rails at the upper end of the track slab 47. A second screw 43 penetrating the steel rail is inserted between the two side plates. Two second nuts 44 are threadedly connected to the second screw 43. The two second nuts 44 are respectively clamped on one side of the two side plates away from each other, ensuring that the second screw 43 can stably connect the inverted U-shaped hanging frame 42 and the steel rail; A third screw 45 is connected to the middle of the inverted U-shaped hanging frame 42. The upper part of the third screw 45 penetrates the side beam, and two third nuts 46 are threadedly connected to the third screw 45. The two third nuts 46 are respectively clamped on the upper end and the lower end of the side beam, so that the third screw 45 can stably connect the side beam. The third screw 45 can be directly fixedly connected to the inverted U-shaped hanging frame 42, or a fourth nut can be installed at the lower end of the middle part of the inverted U-shaped hanging frame 42. The fourth nut is threadedly connected to the third screw 45 and abuts against the middle part of the inverted U-shaped hanging frame 42. This method can also achieve hoisting. It should be noted that in practice, when the track slab is inclined, the heights of the two third screws 45 can be adjusted. In the form of one high and one low, for the inclined track slab, the practicability of the sling assembly is improved.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for replacing an elastic cushion layer of a ballastless track of a high-speed railway, characterized in that: The steps include: S100, Construction Preparation: Prepare the necessary construction equipment according to the track slab (47) at the location where the elastic cushion is to be replaced, the construction equipment including a gantry crane, a sling, a horse stool, and the elastic cushion and geotextile to be replaced; S200, tooling installed in place: A gantry crane is installed at the replacement position, wherein the base of the gantry crane is arranged on both sides of two ballastless tracks, the hook (10) of the gantry crane is connected to a sling via a steel wire rope (41), and the sling is connected to a track plate (47) at the replacement position of the elastic cushion layer; before the track plate (47) is lifted, at least two supporting saddles are placed between the two ballastless tracks, and rubber pads are fixed on the tops of the saddles; S300, track plate lifting: The gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to be lifted longitudinally, and the track plate (47) is suspended longitudinally after the height thereof is higher than the saddle, and then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to be moved transversely, and the track plate (47) is suspended transversely after the track plate (47) is located above the saddle, and then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to be lowered longitudinally, and the track plate (47) is placed on the rubber pad on the top of the saddle; S400, Replace the elastic cushion: The elastic cushion layer in the limiting groove is removed, and then a new elastic cushion layer is installed; the geotextile at the bottom of the track plate (47) is removed or repaired, and when the geotextile at the bottom of the track plate (47) is removed, a new geotextile is installed; S500, track plate reset: The gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to lift longitudinally, and the track plate (47) is suspended longitudinally after it is separated from the horse stool. Then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to move transversely, and the track plate (47) is suspended transversely after it is located directly above the base plate. Then the gantry crane controls the track plate (47) to descend longitudinally, so that the track plate (47) and the base plate are accurately docked.

2. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before step S300, the method further includes step S250, measuring before construction: At least two vertical marking lines (49) are made on the side surfaces of both ends of the track plate (47) and the base plate (48) to be lifted, at least two horizontal marking lines (50) are made between the top surface of both ends of the track plate (47) to be lifted and the top surface of the adjacent track plate (47), and horizontal marking lines (51) are made between the side surfaces of both ends of the track plate (47) to be lifted and the side surfaces of the adjacent track plate (47); a total station is used in conjunction with a track geometry state measuring instrument to collect initial horizontal and elevation position information of the track plate (47) receiving platform to form initial state data of the track plate (47); When the track plate (47) and the base plate (48) are precisely docked in step S500, the vertical marking line (49) between the lifted track plate (47) and the base plate (48) is controlled to be aligned, the horizontal marking line (50) between the lifted track plate (47) and the adjacent track plate (47) is aligned, and the horizontal marking line (51) between the lifted track plate (47) and the adjacent track plate (47) is aligned. Then, the horizontal and elevation position information of the track plate (47) receiving platform is collected using a total station and a frame, and compared and analyzed with the initial state data of the track plate (47) to determine the resetting accuracy of the track plate (47) and ensure that the position accuracy of the track plate (47) meets the requirements.

3. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 2, characterized in that: Between step S250 and step S300, step S280, pre-lifting is also included: In the curved section, a 10t jack is installed at the end of the crossbeam of the track tooling, and the crossbeam is pre-lifted by the jack synchronously, so that the track plate (47) is 2cm away; at the same time, for the curved section, a wedge-shaped square wood is installed between the top of the horse stool and the rubber pad in step S200, and the wedge-shaped square wood is used to ensure that the track plate (47) is stored on the top of the horse stool with the original inclination; In the straight section, the track plate (47) is pre-lifted directly by a portal crane so that the track plate (47) is emptied.

4. A method for replacing an elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gantry crane comprises two gantry cranes arranged in parallel, each gantry crane comprises two I-beam top beams (1) arranged in parallel, the two ends of the two I-beam top beams (1) are connected by a cross beam (2), and the lower ends of the two I-beam top beams (1) are connected to support columns (3), the two support columns (3) located on the same side of the gantry crane are installed on a base (4), the bases (4) on the same side of the two gantry cranes are connected by a positioning connecting rod (5), the two ends of the positioning connecting rod (5) are installed with a first connecting flange (6), the two bases (4) are fixed with a second connecting flange (7), and the first connecting flange (6) and the second connecting flange (7) are detachably connected; A U-shaped connecting plate (20) is installed between the two I-beam top beams (1), and a driving wheel (21) and a driven wheel (22) are respectively installed on the inner walls of both sides of the U-shaped connecting plate (20). The driving wheel (21) and the driven wheel (22) are respectively rotatably arranged on the inner bottom surface of the two I-beam top beams (1) away from each other. One side of the U-shaped connecting plate (20) is detachably connected to a walking motor (8) for controlling the rotation of the driving wheel (21); a steel rope winding wheel is installed on the U-shaped connecting plate (20), and one side of the steel rope winding wheel is detachably connected to a lifting motor (9) for controlling its rotation. A steel rope (11) connected to a hook (10) is wound around the steel rope winding wheel, so as to be connected to a sling through a steel wire rope (41) with the help of the hook (10); an upper connecting rod (12) is detachably connected between the central axes of the two steel rope winding wheels.

5. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning connecting rod (5) comprises two coaxially arranged connecting rod sections, a limiting rod (13) and a stud (14) are arranged between the two connecting rod sections, one end of the limiting rod (13) is fixedly connected to one connecting rod section, and the other end of the limiting rod (13) is slidably connected to the other connecting rod section; the two ends of the stud (14) are respectively threadedly connected to the two connecting rod sections, the middle part of the stud (14) is coaxially connected to a passive gear (15), and the limiting rod (13) is coaxially sleeved with a gear meshing with the passive gear (15). The driving gear (16) is provided with an adjusting ring (17) on one side of the driving gear (16), the adjusting ring (17) is sleeved on the outside of the limiting rod (13), and the adjusting ring (17) is provided with a plurality of plug holes (18) for easy plugging with the adjusting rod; the upper connecting rod (12) comprises a middle sliding rod and an end sleeve rod, the two ends of the middle sliding rod are respectively slidably matched with an end sleeve rod, and the ends of the two end sleeve rods away from the middle sliding rod are respectively detachably connected with the central axes of the two steel rope winding wheels through locking screws.

6. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting ring (17) is threadedly connected with a positioning bolt (19), the screw portion of the positioning bolt (19) passes through the adjusting ring (17) and abuts against the limiting rod (13), the other end of the limiting rod (13) is threadedly connected with an extension rod, the extension rod passes through the corresponding connecting rod section and the second connecting flange (7), the other end of the limiting rod (13) is provided with a thread groove, one end of the extension rod is provided with a connecting screw, and the connecting screw is threadedly connected in the thread groove; two studs (14) are provided, the thread directions of the same ends of the two studs (14) are the same, the middle parts of the two studs (14) are coaxially connected with a driven gear (15), the two driven gears (15) are arranged at intervals, and the driving gear (16) is meshed with the two driven gears (15).

7. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lower connecting rod (29) is detachably connected between the steel ropes (11) at the upper ends of the two hooks (10), and the two ends of the lower connecting rod (29) are detachably connected to the two steel ropes (11) through a first clamp (30). The lower connecting rod (29) includes a plurality of lower connecting rod sections, and both ends of each lower connecting rod section are provided with a semicircular clamp, so that two adjacent lower connecting rod sections are detachably connected through the two semicircular clamps; an upper limit ring (31) is provided in the middle of the middle sliding rod, and the middle sliding rod is provided with a plurality of lower connecting rod sections. The movable rod is divided into two sections and is respectively connected to the two sides of the upper limit ring (31); the middle part of the lower connecting rod (29) is sleeved with a lower limit ring (32); a telescopic rod (33) is slidably connected inside the upper limit ring (31); the lower end of the telescopic rod (33) is connected to the lower limit ring (32); the upper end of the telescopic rod (33) is located above the upper limit ring (31); and a limit plate (34) is fixed to the upper end of the upper limit ring (31); the diameter of the limit plate (34) is larger than the inner diameter of the upper limit ring (31).

8. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motor shaft of the travel motor (8) is detachably connected to the central axis of the driving wheel (21) through a first sliding sleeve (23); one end of the first sliding sleeve (23) is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the travel motor (8) through a first fastening screw (24); a first limiting groove extending along its length direction is provided on the inner wall of one side of the first sliding sleeve (23); a first convex strip (25) extending along its length direction is provided at one end of the central axis of the driving wheel (21); the first convex strip (25) is slidably matched with the first limiting groove; a first thread groove is also provided at one end of the central axis of the driving wheel (21); when the first fastening screw (24) slides to the first thread groove, the first fastening screw (24) can be matched and screwed into the first thread groove; The motor shaft of the lifting motor (9) is detachably connected to the central axis of the steel rope winding wheel through a second sliding sleeve (26); one end of the second sliding sleeve (26) is detachably connected to the motor shaft of the lifting motor (9) through a second fastening screw (27); a second limiting groove extending along its length direction is provided on the inner wall of one side of the second sliding sleeve (26); a second convex strip (28) extending along its length direction is provided at one end of the central axis of the steel rope winding wheel; the second convex strip (28) is slidably matched with the second limiting groove; a first thread groove is also provided at one end of the central axis of the steel rope winding wheel; when the second fastening screw (27) slides to the second thread groove, the second fastening screw (27) can be matched and screwed into the second thread groove.

9. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper ends of the two I-beam top beams (1) are both provided with upper support rollers (35), the two upper support rollers (35) are connected via an upper connecting shaft (36), a lower connecting shaft (37) is installed in the U-shaped connecting plate (20), a lower bearing is sleeved in the middle of the lower connecting shaft (37), an upper bearing is sleeved in the middle of the upper connecting shaft (36), second clamps (38) are sleeved outside the upper bearing and the lower bearing, and the two second clamps (38) are connected to the first nut through a first screw (39); upper retaining springs are clamped on the upper connecting shafts (36) on both sides of the upper bearing, and the two upper retaining springs are in contact with the inner ring of the upper bearing; lower retaining springs are clamped on the lower connecting shafts (37) on both sides of the lower bearing, and the two lower retaining springs are in contact with the inner ring of the lower bearing.

10. The method for replacing the elastic cushion layer of a high-speed railway ballastless track according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting device comprises an I-shaped connecting frame (40) arranged horizontally, the upper ends of the side beams on both sides of the I-shaped connecting frame (40) are connected with steel wire ropes (41), the two ends of the two steel wire ropes (41) are connected with the two ends of the respective side beams, and the middle parts of the two steel wire ropes (41) are respectively hung on two hooks (10); an inverted U-shaped hanging frame (42) is arranged below the two ends of each side beam, and the two side plates of the two inverted U-shaped hanging frames (42) are respectively located on the two sides of the two rails at the upper end of the track plate (47), and the two A second screw rod (43) penetrating the rail is inserted between the side plates, and two second nuts (44) are threadedly connected to the second screw rod (43), and the two second nuts (44) are respectively clamped on the sides of the two side plates away from each other; a third screw rod (45) is connected to the middle part of the inverted U-shaped hanging frame (42), and the upper part of the third screw rod (45) penetrates the side beam, and two third nuts (46) are threadedly connected to the third screw rod (45), and the two third nuts (46) are respectively clamped on the upper end and the lower end of the side beam.

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