An iron sleeper insulating fastener for insulated laying of steel rails
By designing insulating sleeves for iron pads and insulating sleeves for high-temperature resistant composite bolts, the problem of leakage between rails and sleepers was solved, achieving improved insulation performance and vibration reduction, thus ensuring the safe operation of rail transit.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHUZHOU TIMES NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
The insulation performance of traditional insulating components between rails and sleepers is easily affected by the environment and stress, leading to leakage. In particular, when in contact with rainwater, stray currents are easily generated, endangering the safety of subway tunnel structures and electrical systems.
Design an insulating fastener for iron pads, which uses an insulating sleeve to cover the bottom and outer perimeter of the iron pad, sets a non-electric skirt to form an isolation gap with the sleeper, and uses a high-temperature resistant composite material to make the bolt insulating sleeve to enhance insulation performance and vibration reduction effect.
It effectively prevents leakage between the iron pad and the sleeper, extends the creepage distance, enhances insulation performance, reduces the risk of stray current corrosion to the facility, and ensures the safety of the electrical system.
Smart Images
Figure CN122169402A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an insulating fastener for iron pads used in the laying of insulating rails, belonging to the field of rail fastener insulation technology. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the insulation problem between rails and the ground has become increasingly prominent. Insulating fasteners are an indispensable part of the rail transit electrical system. Applied between the rails and sleepers, they effectively isolate the current between the rails and the ground, ensuring the normal operation of the rail transit electrical system. However, traditional insulating fasteners are susceptible to damage from environmental and stress factors, leading to the leakage of some current into the ground and forming stray currents. These stray currents can cause electrochemical corrosion to the steel reinforcement of subway tunnel structures and public facilities such as metal pipes along the line, while also posing a significant safety hazard to the normal operation of the subway electrical system. Therefore, researching the insulation performance of subway rail fasteners is of great significance for protecting against stray currents in subway systems.
[0003] Rail fasteners include a base plate, a spring clip positioned between the base plate and the rail foot, and a fastener for securing the base plate to the sleeper. Bolts. Existing insulating fasteners mainly include insulating components between the rail and the base plate, and insulating components between the base plate and the sleeper. The insulating component between the rail and the base plate is mainly a rail foot insulating sleeve fitted onto the rail foot, directly isolating the rail and the base plate. A steel elastic strip is fixed to the base plate on one side, and its other side also directly presses against the rail foot insulating sleeve on the surface of the rail foot, thus achieving insulation between the rail and the base plate. The insulating component between the base plate and the sleeper achieves insulation between the base plate and the sleeper. However, the above insulation method results in a large exposed area of the base plate, causing the exposed surface to be close to the rail and the sleeper in many places. This makes it easy for leakage to occur when there is water accumulation or rainwater seepage (subways and light rails in urban rail transit often have ground sections exposed to rainwater), because the water adhering to the rail and its fasteners contains a large amount of conductive iron filings or other contaminants from wheel and rail wear. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to completely eliminate the leakage of electricity between the iron pad and the sleeper.
[0005] To address the above problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows: An insulating fastener for laying insulating steel rails includes an iron base plate. Each side of the iron base plate has an integrally formed, upward-protruding elastic clip insertion block, and each block also has a bolt hole. The fastener also includes an insulating sleeve, which is bonded to the iron base plate and covers at least its bottom surface and four sides. The bottom surface of the insulating sleeve has a second bolt hole corresponding to the position of the first bolt hole.
[0006] The iron pad insulating fastener also includes a bolt insulating sleeve, which is bushed on the inner wall of bolt hole one, and its lower end is sealed and bonded to the edge of bolt hole two on the bottom surface of the bolt insulating sleeve.
[0007] The insulating sleeve of the iron pad extends to cover the surface of the iron pad, completely enclosing the outer perimeter of the iron pad, in order to extend the creepage distance from the exposed surface of the iron pad to the bottom sleeper.
[0008] The outer peripheral side of the iron pad insulating sleeve extends outward to form a non-linear skirt to prevent creepage, and the outer edge of the non-linear skirt forms an isolation gap L between it and the sleeper.
[0009] The central area of the iron pad plate protrudes upward to form a rigid pad platform, and the rail foot insulation sleeve presses against the surface of the pad platform.
[0010] The insulating sleeve of the iron pad extends on the surface of the iron pad until it is sealed and bonded to the outer peripheral side of the pad platform.
[0011] The insulating sleeve of the iron pad extends on the surface of the iron pad until it is sealed and bonded to the outer peripheral side of the spring clip insertion block.
[0012] The insulating sleeve of the iron pad is sealed and bonded to the edge of the upper end of the bolt insulating sleeve on the surface of the iron pad.
[0013] The bolt insulating sleeve is made of a composite material that can withstand temperatures above 230°C.
[0014] The bottom surface of the insulating sleeve of the iron pad is thickened to form a vibration-damping bottom.
[0015] The insulating sleeve of the iron pad is made of an insulating flexible material, and its inner wall is bonded to the iron pad. Beneficial effects
[0016] Because the insulating sleeve of the iron pad covers the bottom and outer perimeter of the iron pad, even if there is some water (containing conductive iron filings) on the iron pad and the sleeper it is on, the water will not cause a conductive current to form between the surface of the iron pad and the sleeper laid on the ground, thus achieving insulation between the iron pad and the ground; by extending the insulating sleeve of the iron pad to cover the surface of the iron pad, the creepage distance from the exposed surface of the iron pad to the bottom sleeper is extended; by setting the anti-current skirt on the outer perimeter of the insulating sleeve of the iron pad, the creepage distance from the exposed surface of the iron pad to the bottom sleeper is further extended. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the application of the iron pad insulating fastener described in Embodiment 1; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the iron pad described in Embodiment 1; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the iron pad insulating fastener described in Embodiment 1; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bolt insulating sleeve described in Embodiment 1; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the iron pad insulating fastener described in Embodiments 1, 3, and 4. In the figure, L on the right side represents the distance between the outer edge of the resistive skirt and the sleeper. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the iron pad described in Embodiment 2; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the iron pad insulating fastener described in Embodiment 2.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Iron pad; 101. Spring clip insertion block; 102. Pad platform; 103. Bolt hole one; 2. Iron pad insulating sleeve; 201. Electrically resistive skirt; 202. Bolt hole two; 203. Vibration damping base; 3. Bolt insulating sleeve; 4. Bolt; 5. Bolt insulating cap; 6. Spring clip; 7. Sleeper; 8. Rail; 801. Rail foot insulating sleeve. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1
[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an insulating fastener for steel rail insulation includes a steel pad 1. The steel pad 1 has integrally formed, upward-protruding elastic clip insertion holes 101 on both sides for inserting and fixing elastic clips 6, and also has bolt holes 103. It also includes a steel pad insulating sleeve 2, which covers at least the bottom surface and all four sides of the steel pad 1 by bonding it to the steel pad 1. The bottom surface of the steel pad insulating sleeve 2 has bolt holes 202 corresponding to the positions of the bolt holes 103 for bolts 4 to pass through. Because the steel pad insulating sleeve 2 covers the bottom surface and outer periphery of the steel pad 1, even if there is some water accumulation (containing conductive iron filings) on the steel pad 1, i.e., the sleeper 7 on which it is located, the water accumulation will not cause a conductive current to form between the surface of the steel pad 1 and the sleeper 7 laid on the ground, thus achieving insulation between the steel pad 1 and the ground.
[0021] It should be noted that the surface of the sleeper 7 is relatively flat and its width is limited, so it cannot form water that can reach the depth of the iron pad 1. Therefore, the fact that the side of the iron pad 1 is covered by the iron pad insulation sleeve 2 is sufficient to prevent the water containing conductive iron filings on the sleeper 7 from contacting the surface of the iron pad 1.
[0022] like Figure 1 , 4As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the iron pad insulating fastener also includes a bolt insulating sleeve 3. The bolt insulating sleeve 3 is fitted inside the bolt hole 103, and its lower end is sealed and bonded to the edge of the bolt hole 202 on the bottom surface of the iron pad insulating sleeve 2. When the iron pad 1 is fixed to the sleeper 7 with bolts 4, the bolt 4 and the iron pad 1 are separated by the bolt insulating sleeve 3. Since the lower end of the bolt insulating sleeve 3 is sealed and bonded to the edge of the bolt hole 202 on the bottom surface of the iron pad insulating sleeve 2, water cannot penetrate between the lower end of the bolt insulating sleeve 3 and the edge of the bolt hole 202 on the bottom surface of the iron pad insulating sleeve 2 to form a conductive current.
[0023] The insulating sleeve 2 of the iron pad extends to the surface of the iron pad 1 and completely covers the outer periphery of the iron pad 1, so as to extend the creepage distance from the exposed surface of the iron pad 1 to the bottom sleeper 7.
[0024] The outer periphery of the iron pad insulation sleeve 2 extends outward to form a non-climbing skirt 201, which is used to prevent creepage. The outer edge of the non-climbing skirt 201 forms an isolation gap L between it and the sleeper 7.
[0025] The bottom surface of the insulating sleeve 2 of the iron pad is thickened to form a vibration-damping bottom 203, which not only achieves insulation between the iron pad 1 and the sleeper 7, but also enhances the vibration-damping performance of the rail and its fasteners.
[0026] The bolt insulating sleeve 3 is made of composite material that can withstand temperatures above 230°C. The iron pad insulating sleeve 2 is made of insulating flexible material, such as rubber or TPEE material. The bolt insulating sleeve 3 is bonded to the iron pad (1). Before bonding, the bolt insulating sleeve 3 is first fitted into the bolt hole 103.
[0027] A bolt insulating cap 5 is also provided on the top of bolt 4. Example 2
[0028] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the central area of the iron pad 1 protrudes upward to form a rigid platform 102. The rail foot insulation sleeve 801 of the rail 8 presses against the surface of the platform 102, thereby controlling the compression gap between the rail 8 and the iron pad 1. Since the iron pad insulation sleeve 2 is made of compressible rubber, if the surface of the iron pad 1 is completely covered by the iron pad insulation sleeve 2 and the coverage thickness is too large, it will increase the compression gap and lateral offset between the rail 8 and the iron pad 1, which may easily exceed the limit standard between the rail 8 and the sleeper 7.
[0029] Furthermore, the insulating sleeve 2 of the iron pad extends on the surface of the iron pad 1 to seal and adhere to the outer periphery of the pad platform 102, so as to prevent water accumulation in the iron pad 1 between the pad platform 102 and the insulating sleeve 2. Example 3
[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the one described above is that the iron pad insulating sleeve 2 extends on the surface of the iron pad 1 to seal and adhere to the outer peripheral side of the spring bar insertion block 101. Example 4
[0031] The difference between this embodiment and the one described above is that the iron pad insulating sleeve 2 is sealed and bonded to the edge of the upper end of the bolt insulating sleeve 3 on the surface of the iron pad 1.
[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, the above embodiments are only used to describe the present invention more clearly, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection covered by the present invention. Any equivalent modifications should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection covered by the present invention.
Claims
1. An insulating fastener for steel rail insulation laying, comprising an iron pad (1), wherein the iron pad (1) has integrally formed upward protruding elastic insert blocks (101) on both sides, and also has bolt holes (103), characterized in that: It also includes an iron pad insulating sleeve (2), which covers at least the bottom surface and the sides of the iron pad (1) in a way that is bonded to the iron pad (1). The bottom surface of the iron pad insulating sleeve (2) is provided with a bolt hole two (202) corresponding to the position of bolt hole one (103).
2. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bolt insulating sleeve (3), which is bushed on the inner wall of bolt hole one (103), and its lower end is sealed and bonded to the edge of bolt hole two (202) on the bottom surface of the bolt insulating sleeve (3).
3. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (2) of the iron pad extends to cover the surface of the iron pad (1) and completely covers the outer periphery of the iron pad (1) to extend the creepage distance from the exposed surface of the iron pad (1) to the bottom sleeper (7).
4. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the iron pad insulating sleeve (2) extends outward to form a resistive skirt (201) for preventing creepage, and the outer edge of the resistive skirt (201) forms an isolation gap L between it and the sleeper (7).
5. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The iron pad (1) has a central region that protrudes upward to form a rigid pad (102), and the rail foot insulation sleeve (801) of the rail (8) presses on the surface of the pad (102).
6. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (2) of the iron pad extends on the surface of the iron pad (1) to seal and bond with the outer peripheral side of the pad (102).
7. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (2) of the iron pad extends on the surface of the iron pad (1) to seal and bond with the outer peripheral side of the spring bar insertion block (101).
8. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The iron pad insulating sleeve (2) is sealed and bonded to the edge of the upper end of the bolt insulating sleeve (3) on the surface of the iron pad (1).
9. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the iron pad insulating sleeve (2) is thickened to form a vibration damping bottom (203).
10. The iron pad insulating fastener for laying steel rail insulation according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (2) of the iron pad is made of insulating flexible material and is bonded to the iron pad (1) by mutual adhesion.