Paving structure of footpath brick and permeable pavement

Abstract

The invention relates to a pavement structure of a footpath brick and a permeable pavement, the footpath brick comprises a brick body and a water guide plate, the brick body is provided with a fixing part, the water guide plate is provided with a matching part which is matched with the fixing part in a limiting manner, a drainage cavity and a drainage port are formed between the brick body and the water guide plate, and the drainage port is located in the side cavity wall of the drainage cavity. The brick body is installed on the upper portion of the water guide plate, a notch is formed in the peripheral side of the brick body, and the notch is arranged in the vertical direction in a penetrating mode and communicated with the drainage cavity to form a three-dimensional rainwater distribution flat road surface. And the water permeability performance of the material is not required, all collected rainwater can be quickly drained, water accumulation is avoided, and the drainage effect is good. And the plurality of footpath bricks are formed by splicing the plurality of brick bodies and the plurality of water guide plates in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the splicing and mounting precision is high, the dislocation of the brick bodies is avoided, and the use reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of road structures, and particularly to a paving structure for footpath bricks and permeable pavements. Background Art

[0002] Footpath bricks or pavement bricks are artificial blocks made from industrial wastes such as concrete, slag, and fly ash or local materials, and are divided into small bricks, medium bricks, and large bricks. Medium and small bricks are mostly used in practice. Footpath bricks have the advantages of simple structure and fast masonry speed. They are commonly selected for covering sidewalks of public transportation, etc. However, due to high floor tile coverage, limited leakage capacity, easy loosening of the brick body, uneven surface paving, etc., water accumulates on sidewalks, directly affecting the passage of sidewalks.

[0003] With the proposal of sponge cities, requirements for the leakage capacity of current urban pedestrian road pavements have been put forward, and permeable bricks, permeable concrete pavements, and permeable asphalt pavements have emerged as the times require. Permeable bricks, also called water-permeable bricks, Dutch bricks, etc., mostly use materials such as cement, sand, slag, and fly ash as raw materials, and are formed by one-time high-pressure compression. They have good water permeability, strong anti-slip function, long service life, and diverse colors and shapes, contrasting with the surrounding environment and being naturally beautiful. Permeable concrete is a porous lightweight concrete composed of aggregates, cement, permeable concrete strengthening agents, and water. It does not contain fine aggregates, and a thin layer of cement slurry is coated on the surface of the coarse aggregates to form a honeycomb structure with uniform pore distribution. Therefore, it has the characteristics of air permeability, water permeability, and light weight. It is commonly used in places that require high strength and good water permeability, such as urban roads, squares, parking lots, etc.; Asphalt permeable concrete uses asphalt as a binder, natural stones as coarse aggregates, and adds a very small amount of fine aggregates to form a cohesive and stable base material with asphalt, and is mainly used for the paving of road surfaces, especially in small areas and narrow road widths such as park greenways, parking lots, and sidewalks. However, normally due to such porous structures, they are easily blocked by dust and debris and cannot be cleaned, thus losing their water-permeable function. The organic dirt accumulated therein is extremely prone to mildew and corruption, causing environmental pollution and slippery road surfaces. At the same time, such permeable pavements cannot be cleaned and reused.

[0004] Existing permeable footpath bricks are geometric bodies with regular shapes, and there are notches at their corners. Through the splicing of multiple permeable footpath bricks, the notches can form closed water-conducting holes, thus achieving the function of water permeability. This kind of permeable footpath brick with such a structure has no requirement for the water permeability of the material and can have good water permeability. Although this kind of pore-type permeable brick and grass-planting brick can ensure the water permeability rate, when used as an urban pedestrian footpath, it often causes problems such as being a "killer" for high heels and hurting the feet when wearing flat shoes, resulting in a poor passing experience. In addition, there are also footpath bricks with the function of permeable water drainage, with multiple transverse grooves and longitudinal grooves evenly arranged on the surface, and through conical water-permeable holes are provided at the intersections; there are also drainage footpath bricks, with through holes penetrating up and down provided on the footpath brick body, and movable blocks are filled in the through holes of the footpath brick body, and a drainage gap is left between the outer side of the movable block and the inner side of the through hole. The structure of this drainage footpath brick is simple, but its drainage ability in the horizontal direction is poor, it is not suitable for heavy rain, it is easy to be blocked, and it is troublesome to clean each hole one by one and it is not easy to clean thoroughly, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a paving structure for footpath bricks and permeable pavements to solve the problems of insufficient drainage capacity, easy blockage of the drainage structure and water overflow of the existing footpath bricks.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A footpath brick, comprising a brick body and a water guide plate. The brick body is provided with a fixing part, the water guide plate is provided with a cooperating part that is in limit cooperation with the fixing part, and a drainage cavity and a drainage port located on the side cavity wall of the drainage cavity are formed between the brick body and the water guide plate. The brick body is installed on the upper part of the water guide plate, and notches are provided on the periphery of the brick body. The notches are arranged in a vertical through manner and communicate with the drainage cavity.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows: Further, the fixing part is set as a fixing column; The cooperating part is set as a cooperating hole.

[0008] Further, the water guide plate includes a base and a plurality of supporting platforms. The plurality of supporting platforms are arranged at intervals on the upper end surface of the base, and a drainage groove with an upward notch is defined between the plurality of supporting platforms; The cooperating holes are provided in plurality, and each cooperating hole is correspondingly arranged on each supporting platform; The fixing columns are provided in plurality, and the plurality of fixing columns are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cooperating holes; The drainage cavity includes the drainage groove.

[0009] Further, the base is set as a rectangle; The supporting platforms are provided in four numbers, and the four supporting platforms are distributed at the four corners of the base in a rectangular array; There are four drain outlets, and the four drain outlets are respectively arranged towards the front, back, left and right; There are four notches, and the four notches correspond to the four drain outlets one by one.

[0010] Further, the opposite two side surfaces of two adjacent supporting platforms both extend in the up-and-down direction, or are gradually approaching in the direction from top to bottom.

[0011] Further, an elastic pad is arranged in the fitting hole.

[0012] The present invention also provides a paving structure for a permeable road surface, including footpath bricks and curb stones. The footpath bricks include a brick body and a water guiding plate. The brick body is provided with a fixing part, and the water guiding plate is provided with a fitting part that is in limit fit with the fixing part. A drainage cavity and a drain outlet located on the side cavity wall of the drainage cavity are formed between the brick body and the water guiding plate. The brick body is installed on the upper side of the water guiding plate. A notch is provided on the periphery of the brick body. The notch penetrates in the up-and-down direction and communicates with the drainage cavity; the curb stone is arranged on one side of the drain outlet, and the curb stone is provided with a plurality of water discharge holes, and the plurality of water discharge holes are configured to be spaced apart along the extension direction of the road.

[0013] Further, the distance between the two outermost water discharge holes among the plurality of water discharge holes is not less than the maximum width of the drain outlet; and / or, The lengths of the plurality of water discharge holes extending in the up-and-down direction are not less than the height of the drain outlet extending in the up-and-down direction.

[0014] Further, the paving structure of the permeable road surface further includes a permeable cushion layer and a base layer, and the permeable cushion layer is arranged on the base layer; The footpath bricks are arranged on the permeable cushion layer.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects: The brick body and the water guide plate are installed as a whole through the matching part and the fixing part to form the footpath brick. It is convenient for processing and installation, and is easy to clean and maintain. A plurality of the footpath bricks are arranged in an array, and the drainage cavities of the plurality of the footpath bricks are communicated. Rainwater can flow into the drainage cavity from the notch or the upper gap between two adjacent footpath bricks. Part of the rainwater seeps down through the lower gap between two adjacent footpath bricks, and the rainwater that is too late to seep down is collected through the drainage cavity and discharged from the drainage port, and enters the rainwater collection system of the municipal road. A flat road surface with three-dimensional rainwater distribution is formed. In this way, there is no requirement for the water permeability of the material of the footpath brick, and all the collected rainwater can be quickly drained, avoiding waterlogging, and the drainage effect is good. Moreover, a plurality of the footpath bricks are respectively spliced by a plurality of the brick bodies and a plurality of the water guide plates, and the splicing and installation accuracy is high, avoiding the dislocation of each brick body, and improving the use reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural view of a footpath brick provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural view of the brick body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural view of the brick body from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural view of the water guide plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the water guide plate in the present invention; Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic structural view of a paving structure of a permeable road surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic structural view of a curbstone in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1000, paving structure of permeable road surface; 100, footpath brick; 1, brick body; 11, notch; 12, diversion surface; 2, water guide plate; 21, base; 22, support platform; 23, drainage groove; 24, convex block; 3, fixing part; 31, fixing column; 4, matching part; 41, matching hole; 5, drainage cavity; 51, drainage port; 200, curbstone; 210, water discharge hole; 300, permeable cushion layer; 400, base layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] To facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the description of the present application herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0020] It can be understood that spatial relationship terms such as "under", "below", "lower", "beneath", "above", "upper", etc. can be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the drawings and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the drawings, spatial relationship terms also include different orientations of the device during use and operation. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, an element or feature described as "under other elements" or "beneath them" or "under it" will be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "under" and "below" can include both the upper and lower orientations. In addition, the device may also include other orientations (such as rotating 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptors used herein are accordingly interpreted.

[0021] It should be noted that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediate element.

[0022] As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "comprising" or "having" or the like specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4, the present invention provides a footpath brick 100, the footpath brick 100 includes a brick body 1 and a water guide plate 2, the brick body 1 is provided with a fixing part 3, the water guide plate 2 is provided with a matching part 4 which is in limit cooperation with the fixing part 3, and a drainage cavity 5 and a drainage opening 51 located on the side cavity wall of the drainage cavity 5 are formed between the brick body 1 and the water guide plate 2. The brick body 1 is installed on the upper side of the water guide plate 2, and a notch 11 is provided on the peripheral side of the brick body 1. The notch 11 runs through in the up and down direction and communicates with the drainage cavity 5.

[0024] The brick body 1 and the water guide plate 2 are installed as a whole through the fixing part 3 and the matching part 4 to form the footpath brick 100. It is convenient for processing and installation and is easy to clean and maintain. A plurality of the footpath bricks 100 are arranged in an array, and the drainage cavities 5 of the plurality of the footpath bricks 100 are all communicated. The drainage efficiency is good and it is not easy to overflow. Rainwater can flow into the drainage cavity 5 from the notch 11 or the upper side gap between two adjacent footpath bricks 100. Part of the rainwater seeps down through the lower side gap between two adjacent footpath bricks 100, and the rainwater that is too late to seep down is collected through the drainage cavity 5 and discharged from the drainage opening 51 and enters the rainwater collection system of the municipal road. A flat road surface with three-dimensional rainwater distribution is formed. In this way, there is no requirement for the water permeability of the material of the footpath brick 100, and all the collected rainwater can be quickly drained, avoiding water accumulation and having a good drainage effect. Moreover, a plurality of the footpath bricks 100 are all formed by splicing a plurality of the brick bodies 1 and a plurality of the water guide plates 2 in one-to-one correspondence. The splicing and installation accuracy is high, avoiding the dislocation of each brick body 1 and improving the use reliability.

[0025] In the present invention, the specific structures of the fixing part 3 and the matching part 4 are not limited, as long as they can be in limit cooperation to assemble the brick body 1 and the water guide plate 2 into a whole and form the drainage cavity 5.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixing part 3 is set as a fixing column 31, and the matching part 4 is set as a matching hole 41, so as to facilitate the installation of the fixing column 31 into the matching hole 41. In this way, the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.

[0027] In the present invention, the shape of the fixing part 3 is not limited, as long as it cooperates with the matching part 4 to ensure the assembly of the water guide plate 2 and the brick body 1. In another embodiment, the fixing part 3 is set as a clamping block, and the matching part 4 is set as a clamping groove that is clamped with the clamping block.

[0028] More specifically, in this embodiment, refer to Figures 3 to 5, the water guide plate 2 includes a base 21 and a plurality of support platforms 22. The plurality of support platforms 22 are arranged at intervals on the upper end surface of the base 21, and a drainage groove 23 with an upward notch is defined between the plurality of support platforms 22; the drainage cavity 5 includes the drainage groove 23. The mating holes 41 are provided in plurality, and each of the mating holes 41 is correspondingly arranged on each of the support platforms 22; the fixing columns 31 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of fixing columns 31 are arranged corresponding to the plurality of mating holes 41 one by one. The plurality of fixing columns 31 are respectively installed in the plurality of mating holes 41 one by one. The lower end surface of the brick body 1 abuts against the upper end surfaces of the respective support platforms 22, and the brick body 1 is stably carried on the water guide plate 2. And the areas of the plurality of support platforms 22 are relatively large, ensuring stable bearing and smooth laying.

[0029] The present invention does not limit the shape of the base 21. The base 21 is set as a polygon, and the polygon includes a triangle, a rectangle and a pentagon, which are specifically set according to the design requirements of the footpath. The present invention also does not limit the number of the support platforms 22, as long as the brick body 1 can be stably carried.

[0030] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the base 21 is set as a rectangle; the support platforms 22 are set as four, and the four support platforms 22 are distributed in a rectangular array at the four corners of the base 21. The footpath brick 100 has strong adaptability to the slope of the installation area. And the drainage groove 23 is arranged in a "cross" shape; that is, the drainage cavity 5 is arranged in a "cross" shape, and the drainage ports 51 are provided with four, and the four drainage ports 51 are respectively arranged forward, backward, left and right. So that the rainwater entering the drainage cavity 5 can flow in the front, back, left and right directions, facilitating the rapid discharge and infiltration of rainwater, and the drainage effect is good. In addition, the notches 11 are provided with four, and the four notches 11 correspond to the four drainage ports 51 one by one, so that rainwater can quickly enter the drainage cavity 5, avoiding the phenomenon of water overflow.

[0031] Further, the cross-sectional shape of the gap between two adjacent support platforms 22 is not limited, as long as the opposite two side surfaces of two adjacent support platforms 22 both extend in the up and down direction, or are gradually approaching in the direction from top to bottom. The effect of collecting rainwater can be achieved. In the present invention, it can be a polygon, an arc, a circle or a U shape. In this embodiment, the angle between the opposite two side surfaces of two adjacent support platforms 22 and the upper end surface of the base 21 is set as ∠A, 90° ≤ ∠A ≤ 145°.

[0032] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 3, on the upper end surface of the brick body 1, each side edge inclines downward in a direction away from the brick body 1 to form a diversion surface 12, and the included angle between each diversion surface 12 and the horizontal plane is ∠B, where 1° ≤ ∠B ≤ 80°. Thus, the gap between the upper sides of two adjacent pavement bricks 100 is increased, facilitating rainwater to enter the drainage cavity 5. And at the connection between the upper side edge and the lower side edge of each diversion surface 12 and the brick body 1, chamfering treatment is adopted, and the chamfering radius is d, where d ≥ 1 cm. In this way, the brick body 1 is made smoother, avoiding scratching people and improving safety performance.

[0033] In this embodiment, after multiple pavement bricks 100 are laid, two notches 11 of two adjacent pavement bricks 100 are arranged corresponding to each other. And a strip-shaped hole is formed between the two corresponding notches 11, and the width of the strip-shaped hole is L, where 0.4 cm ≤ L ≤ 1 cm. In this way, it is convenient for cleaning and not easy to get foreign objects stuck.

[0034] Further, in this embodiment, an elastic pad is arranged in the mating hole 41. After the fixing column 31 is anchored to the mating hole 41, the lower end surface of the fixing column 31 abuts against the elastic pad, so that the pavement brick 100 is not likely to generate excessive noise, has a large bearing capacity, and extends the service life.

[0035] In addition, in this embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , on the circumferential side surface of the base 21, a plurality of convex blocks 24 are concavely provided. The plurality of convex blocks 24 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the base 21, and the upper and lower side surfaces of the plurality of convex blocks 24 are flush with the upper and lower end surfaces of the base 21. A groove is formed between two adjacent convex blocks 24. After multiple pavement bricks 100 are laid, the grooves of two adjacent pavement bricks 100 correspond one by one, and two corresponding grooves form a water permeable hole, and the diameter of the water permeable hole is D, where 0.4 cm ≤ D ≤ 1 cm. In this way, while ensuring a tight and flat laying, the gap between two adjacent pavement bricks 100 is increased, increasing the drainage volume.

[0036] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the present invention further provides a paving structure 1000 for a permeable road surface, including the pavement brick 100 and a curb 200. The curb 200 is arranged on one side of the drainage port 51, and the curb 200 is provided with a plurality of water discharge holes 210, and the plurality of water discharge holes 210 are configured to be spaced apart along the extending direction of the road. After rainwater enters the drainage cavity 5, part of the rainwater seeps downward through the gap between two adjacent pavement bricks 100, and the other rainwater gathers in the drainage cavity 5 and then is discharged into the rainwater collection system of the municipal road through the drainage port 51 from the plurality of water discharge holes 210, forming a flat road surface with three-dimensional rainwater distribution.

[0037] In one embodiment, the distance between two of the plurality of drain holes 210 located on both sides is not less than the maximum width of the drain opening 51, thereby reducing the drainage time and increasing the drainage volume.

[0038] In another embodiment, the length of each of the plurality of drain holes 210 extending in the up-down direction is not less than the height of the drain opening 51. Thus, when there is rainwater in the drainage cavity 5, it can be discharged through the plurality of drain holes 210, achieving rapid drainage, avoiding the phenomenon of water overflow, and realizing the function that the pedestrian path is not wet on rainy days.

[0039] It should be noted that the above two embodiments can be set alternatively or simultaneously. The effect of simultaneous setting is better. In this embodiment, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the distance between two of the plurality of drain holes 210 located on both sides is not less than the maximum width of the drain opening 51; and the length of each of the plurality of drain holes 210 extending in the up-down direction is not less than the height of the drain opening 51 extending in the up-down direction. Thus, the drain opening 51 corresponds to the plurality of drain holes 210 in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the drainage efficiency is higher.

[0040] In this embodiment, the paving structure 1000 of the permeable pavement further includes a permeable cushion layer 300 and a base layer 400. The permeable cushion layer 300 is provided on the base layer 400; the walkway bricks 100 are provided on the permeable cushion layer 300. Rainwater can infiltrate through the permeable cushion layer 300. The permeable cushion layer 300 is made of medium-coarse sand with good water permeability or stone particles of the same size. And the thickness range of the permeable cushion layer 300 is 3 cm to 20 cm.

[0041] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A walkway brick, characterized in that: The invention comprises a brick body (1) and a water guide plate (2), wherein the brick body (1) is provided with a fixing portion (3), and the water guide plate (2) is provided with a matching portion (4) which is limitedly matched with the fixing portion (3), and a drainage cavity (5) and a drainage port (51) located on the side cavity wall of the drainage cavity (5) are formed between the brick body (1) and the water guide plate (2), and the brick body (1) is installed on the upper part of the water guide plate (2), and a notch (11) is provided on the peripheral side of the brick body (1), and the notch (11) is arranged to penetrate in the up-down direction and communicate with the drainage cavity (5).

2. The walkway brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing portion (3) is configured as a fixing column (31); The matching portion (4) is configured as a matching hole (41).

3. The walkway brick according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water guide plate (2) comprises a base (21) and a plurality of support platforms (22), wherein the plurality of support platforms (22) are arranged at intervals on the upper end surface of the base (21), and drainage grooves (23) with notches facing upward are defined between the plurality of support platforms (22); The matching holes (41) are arranged in plurality, and each matching hole (41) is correspondingly arranged on each supporting platform (22); The fixing columns (31) are arranged in plurality, and the plurality of fixing columns (31) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of matching holes (41); The drainage cavity (5) comprises the drainage groove (23).

4. The walkway brick according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base (21) is configured in a rectangular shape; The number of the supporting platforms (22) is four, and the four supporting platforms (22) are distributed at the four corners of the base (21) in a rectangular array; There are four drainage ports (51), and the four drainage ports (51) are respectively arranged toward the front, rear, left and right; The number of the notches (11) is four, and the four notches (11) correspond one-to-one to the four drainage openings (51).

5. The walkway brick according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two opposite side surfaces of the two adjacent support platforms (22) extend in the up-down direction, or are arranged to be gradually approached in the direction from top to bottom.

6. The walkway brick according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic pad is arranged in the matching hole (41).

7. A permeable pavement structure, characterized in that: include: The walkway brick according to any one of claims 1 to 6; A curbstone (200) is arranged on one side of the drainage port (51), and the curbstone (200) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (210), and the plurality of drainage holes (210) are arranged to be spaced apart along the extension direction of the road.

8. The permeable pavement structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the two outermost drainage holes (210) among the plurality of drainage holes (210) is not less than the maximum width of the drainage port (51); and / or, The lengths of the plurality of drainage holes (210) extending in the vertical direction are not less than the height of the drainage port (51) extending in the vertical direction.

9. The permeable pavement structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The permeable pavement paving structure further comprises a permeable cushion layer (300) and a base layer (400), wherein the permeable cushion layer (300) is arranged on the base layer (400); The walkway bricks are arranged on the permeable cushion layer (300).

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