Reservoir bank hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection system based on concrete checks and construction method

Abstract

The reservoir bank hydro-fluctuation belt slope protection system based on the concrete checks comprises a plurality of slope protection frame bodies arranged on a slope body, a plurality of first grid grooves are formed in each slope protection frame body, the top of each first grid groove is lower than the top of the corresponding slope protection frame body, and filling bricks are arranged in the first grid grooves; each filling brick comprises a pre-cast ecological concrete layer, a U-shaped lifting frame is arranged at the bottom end of the grid framework, a cast-in-place ecological concrete layer covers the upper portions of the filling bricks in the slope protection frame bodies, and the problems that the labor intensity is high and the complexity is high when slope protection plants are artificially planted and maintained are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of reservoir ecological management, and particularly to a slope protection system and construction method for the water-level-fluctuation zone of a reservoir bank based on concrete grids. Background Art

[0002] The drawdown area, also known as the water-level-fluctuation zone, is a unique phenomenon in reservoirs. It refers to the area that is periodically submerged and exposed due to the seasonal rise and fall of the reservoir water level. The submergence period can be up to half a year, usually in winter. Since ordinary vegetation is difficult to resist long-term submergence or drought, the slope protection vegetation is prone to death, resulting in large areas of the drawdown zone being bare for a long time. Under the long-term action of wind and water flow scouring, the soil is washed away by the water body, increasing problems such as the risk of geological disasters and sediment deposition. If the drawdown zone is not promptly ecologically restored and managed, it will bring a series of ecological and environmental problems.

[0003] In response to the problems of slope erosion and soil and water loss in the drawdown zone of river banks and reservoir areas, corresponding engineering measures for ecological slope protection have been proposed. For example, plants with different tolerance to submergence and drought are planted at different heights on the reservoir slope to resist the alternating living environment. However, since many types of plants need to be planted, the construction is more cumbersome, and after the plants wither later, the types of plants that need to be replanted also increase accordingly, greatly increasing the difficulty and cost of artificial planting and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a slope protection system and construction method for the water-level-fluctuation zone of a reservoir bank based on concrete grids, which solves the problems of high labor intensity and high complexity in artificially planting and maintaining slope protection plants.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A slope protection system for the water-level-fluctuation zone of a reservoir bank based on concrete grids includes a plurality of slope protection frames provided on the slope body. Each slope protection frame is provided with a plurality of first grid grooves, and the top height of the first grid grooves is lower than the top height of the slope protection frame. Each first grid groove is provided with filling bricks. The filling bricks include a precast ecological concrete layer. The bottom end of the grid skeleton is provided with a U-shaped lifting frame. Above the filling bricks in each slope protection frame, a cast-in-place ecological concrete layer is covered.

[0006] In a preferred solution, the filling bricks include a grid skeleton with voids, and the precast ecological concrete layer is wrapped outside the grid skeleton. The two ends of the U-shaped lifting frame are provided with upwardly erected hooks.

[0007] In a preferred solution, the bottom end of the grid skeleton is provided with a sinking groove, the U-shaped lifting frame is embedded in the sinking groove, the bottom end edge of the grid skeleton is provided with a plurality of lifting feet, and both ends of the grid skeleton are also provided with side ears, and the anti-rotation grooves aligned with the sinking grooves are provided in the side ears.

[0008] In a preferred solution, a plurality of parallel grooves are provided on the slope body, and reserved plates are provided at both ends of the grooves.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting baffle is provided between the two reserved plates, and an auxiliary support for the grout discharge pipe is also provided. Moving trolleys are provided at both ends of the auxiliary support for the grout discharge pipe. The lower ends of the moving trolleys are stuck in the grooves and move. A movable translation table is provided on the auxiliary support for the grout discharge pipe. The grout discharge pipe is fixed on the translation table. The lower end of the grout discharge pipe faces the slope of the slope body. A plurality of storage tanks are also provided. The storage tanks are connected to the grout discharge pipe through pipelines, and a pipeline switching valve is connected to the pipelines between the storage tanks and the grout discharge pipe.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a transverse movement guide rail is provided on the auxiliary support for the grout discharge pipe. Guide wheel chutes are provided on both sides of the transverse movement guide rail. A pipe clamping device is provided at one end of the translation table. The pipe clamping device is used for sleeving the grout discharge pipe. A plurality of first abutting wheels and second abutting wheels are provided at the other end of the translation table. The axis of the rotation shafts of the first abutting wheels and the second abutting wheels is perpendicular. The first abutting wheels abut against the transverse movement guide rail, and the second abutting wheels abut against the guide wheel chutes.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting baffle is connected to the reserved plate of the groove. The moving trolley includes a bottom base block. The bottom base block is provided with a plurality of rotatable stepped wheels. The stepped wheels roll between the bottom surface of the groove and the limiting baffle. An adjustable-height socket block is provided at the upper end of the bottom base block. The socket block is connected to the end of the auxiliary support for the grout discharge pipe.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, an outer sleeve is provided at the upper end of the bottom base block. A slidable telescopic inner rod is sleeved in the outer sleeve. A plurality of through adjustment holes are provided on the telescopic inner rod and the outer sleeve. The socket block is slidably sleeved on the upper end of the telescopic inner rod. A first pin bolt and a second pin bolt are also provided. The first pin bolt passes through the adjustment holes of the outer sleeve and the telescopic inner rod, and the second pin bolt passes through the socket block to be sleeved with the adjustment holes of the telescopic inner rod.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, tightening brake plates are provided on both outer sides of the bottom base block. A guide rod part is provided on one side of the tightening brake plate. A sunken groove part is provided in the center of the bottom base block. The guide rod part is slidably connected to the side wall of the sunken groove part. A top sleeve is also slidably connected to the side wall of the sunken groove part. A driving screw rod is provided in the sunken groove part. The two ends of the driving screw rod are respectively threadedly connected to the top sleeves. The thread directions at both ends of the driving screw rod are opposite. The driving screw rod is rotated so that each top sleeve pushes the tightening brake plate to tightly press against the inner wall of the groove.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, it includes a construction method: Mix the long-acting fertilizer into the ecological concrete; Assemble the grid skeleton and the U-shaped lifting frame into one body and place them in the second grid groove of the mold frame. Pour the ecological concrete into the second grid groove until it is close to the bent end of the lifting hook; Wait for the ecological concrete to solidify to form the filled bricks; Demold the filled bricks and transport them to the reservoir bank site; Mix the seeds of different plants into different storage bins, and use a moving vehicle to carry the storage bins to the reservoir bank site. Install a limit baffle and a moving trolley in the groove and set up an auxiliary frame for the grout discharge pipe. Install the grout discharge pipe on the pipe clamp device of the translation table, connect the storage bin and the grout discharge pipe using a pipeline system, and a pipeline switching valve and a metering pump are provided in the pipeline system. Translate the translation table, spray ecological concrete into the slope protection frame at a high position, and spread it evenly. Switch the storage bin, move the moving trolley to the next lower height position, and translate the translation table for spraying construction. Switch the height position and repeat the construction until spraying operations are completed in all slope protection frames. Remove the limit baffle, and move the auxiliary frame for the grout discharge pipe and the moving trolley to the next position on the reservoir bank for construction.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Spraying concrete is used to replace traditional manual soil covering and planting, reducing labor intensity; long-acting fertilizers are mixed into the ecological concrete and prefabricated into brick structures for easy storage. During the construction site, seeds of different types of plants are mixed into the ecological concrete and sprayed onto the upper layer of the filled bricks at different height lines, which not only increases the timeliness of the prefabricated ecological bricks but also fixes the bricks to prevent them from falling off due to water flow impact; spraying different types of seeds at different height bands reduces the complexity of manual operation; an auxiliary frame for the grout discharge pipe is used to replace the remote spraying method to spray ecological slope protection concrete, ensuring the uniformity of the surface concrete, improving aesthetics, and preventing the seeds from being buried too deep and affecting the germination rate. Description of the Drawings

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a grid skeleton and a U-shaped lifting frame.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a bottom view of the grid skeleton.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pouring of filled bricks.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the pouring of filled bricks.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the molding of filled bricks by pouring.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the on-site filling of filled bricks.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the system related to the auxiliary frame for the grout discharge pipe.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cast-in-place ecological concrete layer.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a sectional view of the cast-in-place ecological concrete layer.

[0026] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of replanting plants.

[0027] Figure 11 It is an enlarged view at the mobile trolley.

[0028] Figure 12 It is an enlarged view at the translation stage.

[0029] Figure 13 It is a structural diagram of the mobile trolley.

[0030] Figure 14 It is a transverse sectional view of the bottom base block of the mobile trolley.

[0031] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the sunshade net support frame.

[0032] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of laying the sunshade net on the slope.

[0033] Figure 17 It is an enlarged view at the support frame.

[0034] Figure 18 It is a sectional view of the support frame.

[0035] Figure 19 It is a structural diagram of the support frame.

[0036] In the figure: slope body 1; slope protection frame body 2; first grid groove 201; cast-in-place ecological concrete layer 202; filling bricks 3; grid skeleton 301; U-shaped lifting frame 302; lifting hook 303; side ear 304; anti-rotation groove 305; sinking groove 306; lifting foot 307; pre-cast ecological concrete layer 308; mold frame 4; second grid groove 401; groove 5; reserved plate 501; limit baffle 502; support frame 6; fixed clamp assembly 601; connecting rod 602; jack 603; U-shaped limit clamp 604; warping part 605; U-shaped bending part 606; movable pressing plate 607; guide rod 608; tightening screw 609; sunshade net 7; connecting sleeve ring 701; mobile trolley 8; bottom base block 801; step wheel 802; outer sleeve 803; telescopic inner rod 804; socket block 805; position adjustment hole 806; tightening brake plate 807; first bolt with split pin 808; second bolt with split pin 809; sinking groove part 810; guide rod part 811; top sleeve 812; driving screw 813; turning handle 814; retaining plate 815; return spring 816; translation table 9; pipe clamping device 901; first abutting wheel 902; second abutting wheel 903; auxiliary frame for grout pipe 10; transverse movement guide rail 1001; guide wheel card slot 1002; grout pipe 11; storage tank 12; pipeline switching valve 13. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1-19 shown in, a slope protection system for the drawdown zone of a reservoir bank based on concrete grids includes a plurality of slope protection frame bodies 2 provided on the slope body 1. Each slope protection frame body 2 is provided with a plurality of first grid grooves 201. The top height of the first grid grooves 201 is lower than the top height of the slope protection frame body 2. Each first grid groove 201 is provided with filling bricks 3. The filling bricks 3 include a pre-cast ecological concrete layer 308. The bottom end of the grid skeleton 301 is provided with a U-shaped lifting frame 302. Above the filling bricks 3 filled in each slope protection frame body 2, a cast-in-place ecological concrete layer 202 is covered.

[0038] The slope protection frame body 2 is a grid structure with a larger size, and a grid structure with a smaller size is arranged inside.

[0039] A mold frame 4 is further provided. The mold frame 4 includes a plurality of second grid grooves 401. The shape and size of the second grid grooves 401 are exactly the same as those of the first grid grooves 201. After assembling the U-shaped lifting frame 302 and the grid skeleton 301, they are placed in the second grid grooves 401, and ecological concrete mixed with long-acting fertilizer is poured. After solidification, filling bricks 3 are made, and then the filling bricks 3 are laid in the first grid grooves 201.

[0040] Since the filling bricks 3 are uniformly manufactured, there may be a relatively long period between the time when the filling bricks 3 are made and the time of on-site construction. If seeds are embedded in the filling bricks 3 in advance, the seeds may germinate in advance and wither before reaching the on-site construction.

[0041] Therefore, during on-site construction, different plant seeds are mixed into the ecological concrete and classified separately. After being transported to the site, they are laid and covered in the slope protection frames 2 at different heights of the drawdown zone. For example, flood-tolerant plants are planted at the lower part of the slope surface, and drought-tolerant plants are planted at the higher part of the slope surface. Then, the ecological concrete is leveled to be consistent with the top height of the U-shaped lifting frame 302.

[0042] After solidification, from the depth direction, the seeds are on the surface layer of the ecological concrete, and the long-acting fertilizer is at the bottom layer of the ecological concrete, preventing the seeds from being too deep and difficult to germinate.

[0043] In a preferred solution, the filling brick 3 includes a grid skeleton 301 with hollow openings, and a pre-cast ecological concrete layer 308 is wrapped outside the grid skeleton 301. The two ends of the U-shaped lifting frame 302 are provided with upwardly erected hooks 303.

[0044] The hook 303 can facilitate lifting the filling brick 3 by hand.

[0045] In a preferred solution, the bottom end of the grid skeleton 301 is provided with a sinking groove 306, the U-shaped lifting frame 302 is embedded in the sinking groove 306, the bottom end edge of the grid skeleton 301 is provided with a plurality of lifting feet 307, and the two ends of the grid skeleton 301 are also provided with side ears 304, and the anti-rotation grooves 305 aligned with the sinking groove 306 are arranged in the side ears 304.

[0046] The grid skeleton 301 can be made of engineering plastics.

[0047] The lifting feet 307 can lift the height of the grid skeleton 301, and the concrete can flow into the hollow layer below the grid skeleton 301 to completely wrap the lower ends of the grid skeleton 301 and the U-shaped lifting frame 302. The U-shaped lifting frame 302 is stuck into the sinking groove 306 to prevent it from protruding from the bottom surface of the grid skeleton 301 and prevent the grid skeleton 301 from skewing when placed in the second grid groove 401.

[0048] The anti-rotation groove 305 can clamp the docking section of the U-shaped lifting frame 302 to the hook 303 to prevent the U-shaped lifting frame 302 from swinging and ensure that the hook 303 is in an upward position during pouring.

[0049] In a preferred solution, a plurality of parallel grooves 5 are arranged on the slope body 1, and reserved plates 501 are arranged at both ends of the grooves 5.

[0050] The conventional method of spraying concrete is to use a mobile vehicle equipped with a concrete storage pipe, i.e., a spraying pipe, to move on the embankment and spray concrete on the slope surface. This method has a fast construction speed, but the thickness of the sprayed concrete layer is uneven, and the aesthetics is poor, which is feasible for areas with low requirements for the slope surface. However, due to the periodic exposure to sunlight and immersion in the reservoir's drawdown zone, the areas with a thinner concrete layer are prone to peeling, resulting in soil erosion. Moreover, if plant seeds are mixed in, the seeds in the thicker part are buried deeper and difficult to germinate, affecting the overall soil protection effect of the drawdown zone.

[0051] In the preferred solution, a limiting baffle 502 is provided between the two reserved plates 501, and an auxiliary frame 10 for the slurry outlet pipe is also provided. Moving trolleys 8 are provided at both ends of the auxiliary frame 10 for the slurry outlet pipe. The lower ends of the moving trolleys 8 are stuck in the grooves 5 and move. A movable translation table 9 is provided on the auxiliary frame 10 for the slurry outlet pipe. The slurry outlet pipe 11 is fixed on the translation table 9. The lower end of the slurry outlet pipe 11 faces the slope surface of the slope body 1. A plurality of storage tanks 12 are also provided. The storage tanks 12 are connected to the slurry outlet pipe 11 through pipelines. A pipeline switching valve 13 is connected to the pipelines between the storage tanks 12 and the slurry outlet pipe 11.

[0052] The storage tanks 12 are used to store ecological concrete, and different plant seeds are mixed in the ecological concrete of different storage tanks 12. The pipeline switching valve 13 is used to switch the storage tank 12 connected to the slurry outlet pipe 11.

[0053] The moving trolleys 8 support both ends of the auxiliary frame 10 for the slurry outlet pipe. The translation table 9 can drive the slurry outlet pipe 11 to translate at the same horizontal height along the auxiliary frame 10 for the slurry outlet pipe. When the slurry outlet pipe 11 is at the high position of the slope surface, the pipeline switching valve 13 is switched to connect to the storage tank 12 mixed with drought-tolerant seeds, and the ecological concrete is sprayed into the high-positioned slope protection frame 2 through a metering pump, covering the filling bricks 3 in each first grid groove 201, and manually spreading it evenly into a relatively thin cast-in-place ecological concrete layer 202.

[0054] The translation table 9 moves horizontally to drive the slurry outlet pipe 11 to move, so that all the slope protection frames 2 on the same height line are sprayed. Subsequently, the moving trolleys 8 at both ends are moved to the next lower position, the storage tank 12 is switched, and the construction is repeated until the cast-in-place ecological concrete covers all the filling bricks 3 at the bottommost part inside.

[0055] The cast-in-place ecological concrete layer 202 covering the filling bricks 3 can also prevent the filling bricks 3 from being washed out of the first grid groove 201 due to the impact of water flow and waves.

[0056] When the plants in the water-fall zone die, the thin layer of concrete covering the filling bricks 3 can be removed, and the ecological concrete mixed with new seeds can be re-applied and smoothed. If the plant die-off is a long time from the first sowing, and the fertility is ineffective, after removing the surface layer, it can be considered to lift the filling bricks 3 by the lifting hook 303, replace the new filling bricks 3, and then cover the ecological concrete mixed with new seeds and smooth it to ensure the smooth germination of the new seeds.

[0057] In the preferred solution, a transverse guide rail 1001 is provided on the slurry outlet pipe auxiliary frame 10, and guide wheel slots 1002 are provided on both sides of the transverse guide rail 1001. A pipe clamp device 901 is provided at one end of the translation platform 9, and the pipe clamp device 901 is used to sleeve the slurry outlet pipe 11. A plurality of first abutment wheels 902 and second abutment wheels 903 are provided at the other end of the translation platform 9, and the axes of rotation of the first abutment wheels 902 and the second abutment wheels 903 are perpendicular. The first abutment wheel 902 abuts on the transverse guide rail 1001, and the second abutment wheel 903 abuts in the guide wheel slot 1002.

[0058] The translation platform 9 is provided with second abutment wheels 903 on both sides of the transverse guide rail 1001 and is inserted into the guide wheel slot 1002 .

[0059] The pipe clamp device 901 includes two hinged semicircular petals, one of which can be flipped open, and the slurry discharge pipe 11 is inserted and then closed, and the end of the other petal is connected by bolts to lock and fix the slurry discharge pipe 11. The slurry discharge pipe 11 can be adjusted to the lower end close to the slope protection frame 2 and then locked to reduce the degree of slurry splashing.

[0060] In the preferred embodiment, a limit baffle 502 is connected to the reserved plate 501 of the groove 5, and the movable trolley 8 includes a bottom base block 801, and the bottom base block 801 is provided with a plurality of rotatable step wheels 802, and the step wheels 802 are stuck between the bottom surface of the groove 5 and the limit baffle 502 and roll, and a height-adjustable socket block 805 is provided at the upper end of the bottom base block 801, and the socket block 805 is connected to the end of the slurry outlet pipe auxiliary frame 10.

[0061] The limiting baffle 502 is detachable.

[0062] In the preferred embodiment, an outer sleeve 803 is provided at the upper end of the bottom base block 801, and a slidable telescopic inner rod 804 is sleeved inside the outer sleeve 803. A plurality of through adjustment holes 806 are provided on the telescopic inner rod 804 and the outer sleeve 803. A sleeve block 805 is slidably sleeved with the upper end of the telescopic inner rod 804, and is further provided with a first latch bolt 808 and a second latch bolt 809. The first latch bolt 808 passes through the outer sleeve 803 and the adjustment holes 806 of the telescopic inner rod 804, and the second latch bolt 809 passes through the sleeve block 805 to be sleeved with the adjustment hole 806 of the telescopic inner rod 804.

[0063] The sleeve block 805 and the telescopic inner rod 804 can be adjusted in height respectively.

[0064] Both ends of the first plug bolt 808 and the second plug bolt 809 are locked with nuts.

[0065] In a preferred solution, tightening brake plates 807 are provided on both outer sides of the bottom base block 801. A guide rod portion 811 is provided on one side of the tightening brake plate 807. A sunken groove portion 810 is provided in the center of the bottom base block 801. The guide rod portion 811 is slidably connected to the side wall of the sunken groove portion 810. A top sleeve 812 connected by sliding is further provided on the side wall of the sunken groove portion 810. A driving screw 813 is provided in the sunken groove portion 810. Both ends of the driving screw 813 are respectively threadedly connected to the top sleeve 812. The thread directions at both ends of the driving screw 813 are opposite. The driving screw 813 is rotated so that each top sleeve 812 pushes the tightening brake plate 807 to tightly press against the inner wall of the groove 5.

[0066] When the tightening brake plate 807 presses against the inner wall of the groove 5, the moving trolley 8 is fixed.

[0067] A retaining piece 815 is provided at the other end of the guide rod portion 811. A return spring 816 is provided between the retaining piece 815 and the inner wall of the sunken groove portion 810. A turning handle 814 is provided in the center of the driving screw 813. The turning handle 814 is rotated in the reverse direction to loosen the top sleeve 812. The spring force causes the tightening brake plate 807 to retract and reset, disengaging from the groove 5. At this time, the moving trolley 8 can move freely.

[0068] In a preferred solution, Mix the long-acting fertilizer into the ecological concrete; Assemble the grid framework 301 and the U-shaped lifting frame 302 into one body and place them in the second grid groove 401 of the mold rack 4. Pour ecological concrete into the second grid groove 401 until it is close to the bent end of the lifting hook 303; Wait for the ecological concrete to solidify to make the filling bricks 3; Demold the filling bricks 3 and transport them to the reservoir bank site; Mix different plant seeds into different storage bins 12. The mobile carrier carries the storage bins 12 and transports them to the reservoir bank site; Install the limit baffle 502 and the moving trolley 8 in the groove 5 and set up the auxiliary frame 10 for the grout pipe; Install the grout pipe 11 on the pipe clamp device 901 of the translation table 9. Connect the storage bin 12 and the grout pipe 11 using the pipeline system. A pipeline switching valve 13 and a metering pump are provided in the pipeline system; Translate the translation table 9, spray ecological concrete into the high-positioned slope protection frame 2, and spread it evenly; Switch the storage bin 12, move the moving trolley 8 to the next lower height position, and translate the translation table 9 for spraying construction; Switch the height positions and repeat the construction until all spraying operations in the slope protection frame 2 are completed; Remove the limit baffle 502, and move the grout outlet pipe auxiliary frame 10 and the mobile trolley 8 to the next construction position on the reservoir bank.

[0069] Embodiment 2: An ecological slope protection structure for a reservoir bank includes a plurality of slope protection frames 2 provided on a slope body 1. Each slope protection frame 2 is provided with a plurality of first grid grooves 201. Each first grid groove 201 is provided with a filling brick 3. The filling brick 3 is provided with a hollow grid skeleton 301 and ecological concrete wrapping the grid skeleton 301. The bottom end of the grid skeleton 301 is provided with a U-shaped lifting frame 302, and both ends of the U-shaped lifting frame 302 are provided with upwardly erected lifting hooks 303.

[0070] The ecological concrete has a porous structure, which is convenient for drainage, and at the same time, it is convenient for plant buds to break through and roots to penetrate and take root.

[0071] The ecological concrete is easy to mix with long-acting fertilizers, which can continuously provide the nutrients required for plant growth.

[0072] A mold frame 4 is also provided. The mold frame 4 includes a plurality of second grid grooves 401. The shape and size of the second grid grooves 401 are exactly the same as those of the first grid grooves 201. After assembling the U-shaped lifting frame 302 and the grid skeleton 301, they are placed in the second grid grooves 401, and ecological concrete mixed with plant seeds is poured. After solidification, the filling bricks 3 are made, and then the filling bricks 3 are laid in the first grid grooves 201.

[0073] When local plant apoptosis occurs, the filling bricks 3 can be removed and new filling bricks 3 can be replaced. The lifting hooks 303 can facilitate lifting the filling bricks 3 by hand.

[0074] In a preferred solution, the bottom end of the grid skeleton 301 is provided with a sinking groove 306, the U-shaped lifting frame 302 is embedded in the sinking groove 306, the bottom end edge of the grid skeleton 301 is provided with a plurality of lifting feet 307, and both ends of the grid skeleton 301 are also provided with side ears 304. The side ears 304 are provided with anti-rotation grooves 305 aligned with the sinking groove 306.

[0075] The grid skeleton 301 can be made of engineering plastics.

[0076] The lifting feet 307 can lift the height of the grid skeleton 301, and the concrete can flow into the hollow layer below the grid skeleton 301 to completely wrap the lower ends of the grid skeleton 301 and the U-shaped lifting frame 302. The U-shaped lifting frame 302 is stuck in the sinking groove 306 to prevent it from protruding from the bottom surface of the grid skeleton 301, and to prevent the grid skeleton 301 from tilting when placed in the second grid groove 401.

[0077] The anti-rotation groove 305 can hold the docking section of the U-shaped lifting frame 302 with the lifting hook 303 to prevent the U-shaped lifting frame 302 from swinging, and to ensure that the lifting hook 303 is in an upward position during pouring.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of parallel grooves 5 are provided on the slope body 1, and reserved plates 501 are provided at both ends of the grooves 5.

[0079] The grooves 5 can be connected with pipelines and used as drainage ditches.

[0080] The reserved plates 501 are fixed at the ends of the grooves 5, facilitating the installation and fixation of other components.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, a support frame 6 is provided on the reserved plate 501. The support frame 6 includes a fixed clamp assembly 601. A connecting rod 602 is provided on the fixed clamp assembly 601. A sunshade net 7 is also provided. A plurality of connecting sleeve rings 701 are provided on the outer edge of the sunshade net 7, and the connecting sleeve rings 701 are sleeved on the connecting rod 602.

[0082] In the initial stage of the seeds of the plants germinating, the plants are in the seedling state. Some seedlings are afraid of strong sunlight. To improve the survival rate, if it is in the hot summer, the sunshade net 7 can be covered in the slope protection area to block part of the sunlight and prevent the sunlight from being too strong to burn the seedlings.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of jacks 603 are provided along the length direction of the connecting rod 602. A U-shaped limit card 604 is also provided. Deformable upturned parts 605 are provided at both ends of the open side of the U-shaped limit card 604, and each upturned part 605 is inserted into the adjacent jack 603.

[0084] After the connecting sleeve ring 701 is sleeved on the connecting rod 602, the U-shaped limit card 604 is clamped, restricting the connecting sleeve ring 701 at the position between two adjacent jacks 603 to prevent the connecting sleeve ring 701 from coming off. The upturned part 605 of the U-shaped limit card 604 prevents the U-shaped limit card 604 from coming out of the jack 603.

[0085] The jacks 603 with different heights can enable the sunshade net 7 to maintain different height positions to adapt to the heights of different plants.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed clamp assembly 601 includes a U-shaped bending part 606. A movable pressing plate 607 is provided in the U-shaped bending part 606. A guide rod 608 is provided at the upper end of the movable pressing plate 607, and the guide rod 608 is slidably sleeved on the upper side wall of the U-shaped bending part 606. A tightening screw 609 connected by thread is also provided on the upper side wall of the U-shaped bending part 606. The upper end of the tightening screw 609 is connected to the connecting rod 602, and the lower end of the tightening screw 609 abuts against the movable pressing plate 607. The movable pressing plate 607 and the lower side wall of the U-shaped bending part 606 clamp the reserved plate 501.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the first grid groove 201 is rectangular or regular hexagonal.

[0088] Embodiment 3: A method for protecting the water-level-fluctuation zone slope based on concrete squares and plant shrubs and grasses combination includes the following steps: Clean the slope of the water-level-fluctuation zone, remove the debris on the slope surface of the slope, and level the areas with large undulations.

[0089] Mark grid lines composed of several positioning lines intersecting horizontally and vertically on the slope of the water-level-fluctuation zone.

[0090] The horizontal and vertical spacing of the positioning lines is 120 cm - 180 cm.

[0091] The width of the positioning lines is 10 cm - 15 cm.

[0092] Mark the hole positions at the intersection points of the grid lines.

[0093] Drill holes at the hole positions, with a hole diameter of 5 - 10 cm and a hole depth of 50 - 100 cm.

[0094] Prepare ecological concrete and select the conventional greening concrete on the market.

[0095] Preferably, the thickness of the concrete spray irrigation is 2 - 5 cm.

[0096] Preferably, the depth of the concrete spray irrigation into the holes is 50 - 100 cm.

[0097] Preferably, the slope difference is less than 5°, and the grid concrete is spray-irrigated as a whole.

[0098] Preferably, when the slope difference is greater than 5°, expansion joints need to be designed when the grid concrete is spray-irrigated as a whole, the positioning lines are sprayed with concrete, and the concrete is sprayed into the drilled holes.

[0099] Preferably, the concrete in the positioning lines and holes is sprayed as a whole.

[0100] Preferably, the concrete grid is cured for 7 days to make the concrete combine and fix with the slope soil, and a concrete mesh grid is obtained on the slope of the water-level-fluctuation zone.

[0101] Preferably, according to the different waterlogging times of the slopes at different elevations on the water-level-fluctuation zone, different waterlogged areas are divided. The waterlogged areas are divided into a severe waterlogged area (S, waterlogging time of 7 months and above), a moderate waterlogged area (M, waterlogging time of 5 - 6 months), and a mild waterlogged area (L, waterlogging time of 4 months and below) according to the waterlogging time.

[0102] Preferably, according to different waterlogged areas, different shrubs and herbaceous plants are reasonably matched and planted in the concrete grids.

[0103] Preferably, according to the different slope geological conditions of different drawdown zones, the natural slopes of the drawdown zone are divided into rocky slopes (S1), mixed slopes (S2), and soil slopes (S3) according to the characteristics of rock and soil structures. The soil types of soil slopes and mixed slopes include purple soil, calcareous yellow soil, paddy soil, alluvial soil, and sediments (silt) left behind due to water level changes.

[0104] Preferably, when designing the grid size, consider the rock conditions and soil conditions of the drawdown zone slopes.

[0105] Preferably, this case is applicable to two drawdown zone slope conditions of mixed slopes (S2) and soil slopes (S3).

[0106] Preferably, the concrete squares on the S2 slope are regular quadrilateral squares with a side length of 150 cm - 180 cm, and the concrete squares on the S3 slope are regular quadrilateral squares with a side length of 120 cm - 150 cm.

[0107] Preferably, within the concrete squares in the S area, the plants planted are any arbitrary combination of several herbs such as Abutilon theophrasti Medicus, Cyperus rotundus Linn., Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers., Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder, Vicia sepium L., Medicago minima (L.) Bartal., Polygonum lapathifolium Linn., Acorus calamus Linn., Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., Paspalum paspaloides (Michx.) Scribn., Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Vach, Setaria viridis (Linn.) Beauv., Eleusine indica (Linn.) Gaertn., Conyza canadensis (Linn.) Cronq., etc.

[0108] Preferably, when combining herbs, the dominant herbs in the local drawdown zone should be selected as the main ones.

[0109] Preferably, the concrete squares in the M area are mixed planted with shrubs such as Myricaria laxiflora (Franch.) P. Y. Zhang et Y. J. Zhang, Morus alba, Cornus quinquenervis Franch., Distylium chinense (Franch. ex Hemsl.) Diels, Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., etc. and herbs such as Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers., Festuca elata Keng ex E. Alexeev, Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder, Abutilon theophrasti Medicus, Hemarthria sibirica (Gand.) Ohwi, etc.

[0110] Preferably, the concrete squares in the L area are mixed planted with shrubs and arbors such as Salix variegata Franch., Myricaria laxiflora (Franch.) P. Y. Zhang et Y. J. Zhang, Salix hylonoma C. K. Schneid. in Sargent, Salix integra 'Hakuro Nishiki', Pterocarya stenoptera C. DC., etc. and the above herbs.

[0111] Preferably, the mixed planted plants should select the dominant plant populations in the local drawdown zone as the main configured plants.

[0112] By constructing on the slope of the drawdown zone to obtain a net structure formed by concrete, the scouring of the drawdown zone soil by water flow can be weakened.

[0113] The concrete net structure intercepts the soil, allows more soil to be fixed in the squares, and reduces the soil and water loss in the drawdown zone.

[0114] The concrete grids and concrete holes increase the anchoring degree of the overall grid to the slope soil, increase the stiffness of the overall grid, and improve the stability of the slope. The plants planted in the squares weaken the scouring of the water flow on the soil and also play a role in fixing the soil.

[0115] It has comprehensive functions such as interception, weakening, and reinforcement. It can not only intercept soil, reduce soil erosion in the water-level-fluctuation zone, but also weaken the scouring of the water flow on the soil in the water-level-fluctuation zone. At the same time, the combination of concrete grids and plants can reinforce the soil in the water-level-fluctuation zone, which is beneficial to the reinforcement of the water-level-fluctuation zone.

[0116] The construction method adopted is simple and the construction period is relatively short. Compared with large-area concrete slope protection, the construction cost is greatly reduced.

[0117] It retains the soil conditions for the growth of plants in the water-level-fluctuation zone, is ecological and environmentally friendly, and meets the development requirements. Reinforcing the soil in the water-level-fluctuation zone has more economic and technical advantages. It can effectively reduce soil erosion in the water-level-fluctuation zone, showing its good application prospects. It can be mainly used for the treatment of river bank slopes and the water-level-fluctuation zones of reservoirs.

[0118] Example 4: In this example, the slope protection type of the water-level-fluctuation zone is a soil slope S3, the soil type is purple soil, the average slope of the S area is 28.5°, the overall is flat and slightly steep; the average slope of the M area is 22°, the overall is flat; the average slope of the L area is 16°, the overall slope surface is uneven, the steepest part is 21°, and the gentlest part is 15°.

[0119] The implementation time of this example is June, and the construction is carried out when the water level in the water-level-fluctuation zone is lower than 150m above sea level.

[0120] The slope protection method for reinforcing the water-level-fluctuation zone with concrete grids and plant shrubs and grasses in this example includes the following steps: Clean the slope surface, shape the slope, level the soil mounds, fill the pits, and make the slope surface smoother. Then, remove the sundries on the slope surface of the slope from top to bottom, such as dangerous rocks or floating slag.

[0121] Mark the grid lines composed of several positioning lines intersecting horizontally and vertically on the leveled slope surface. The horizontal and vertical spacing of the positioning lines is 150cm.

[0122] The width of the positioning line is 12cm.

[0123] Mark the hole positions at the intersection points of the grid lines.

[0124] Drill holes at the hole positions, with a hole depth of 100cm and a hole diameter of 10cm.

[0125] Prepare ecological concrete, select conventional greening concrete on the market. The greening concrete materials include planting soil, cement, organic materials, and ecological improvers. Among them, the planting soil can be the soil below 30mm on the surface of the water-level-fluctuation zone. The particle size of the soil ≤ 0.8cm, and the sand content of the planting soil ≤ 20%.

[0126] Concrete is spray-irrigated within the positioning lines and holes. The S area is spray-irrigated in one go, and a deformation joint is demarcated at the intersection of the S area and the M area. The M area is spray-irrigated in one go, and a deformation joint is demarcated at the intersection of the M area and the L area. Deformation joints are demarcated at the gentlest and steepest parts of the L area, and spray-irrigation is carried out separately according to the deformation joints.

[0127] The thickness of the concrete spray-irrigation is 2.5 cm; the depth of the access hole is 100 cm.

[0128] After the spray-irrigation is completed, the concrete squares are cured for 7 days to make the concrete combine and fix with the slope soil, and a concrete mesh square is obtained on the slope surface of the water-level-fluctuation zone.

[0129] Four kinds of plant seeds, namely bermudagrass, cocklebur, vetiver grass, and little lucerne, are sown in the concrete squares of the S area. The seeds are sown in a mixture, and the mixing ratio of the seeds is bermudagrass 2: cocklebur 1: vetiver grass 1: little lucerne 1; in the concrete squares of the M area, myricaria laxiflora and salix variegata are transplanted. 5 plants of myricaria laxiflora and 5 plants of salix variegata are transplanted in each square. The transplanted myricaria laxiflora is a 1-2-year-old cutting seedling, and the salix variegata is a 2-3-year-old seedling. After transplanting the shrubs, the aforementioned mixed seeds are evenly sown in the blank areas within the squares; in the concrete squares of the L area, salix variegata, chinese wingnut, and common reed are transplanted. Common reed is planted along the edge of each square, and 2 plants of chinese wingnut and 2 plants of salix variegata are planted within the square. The salix variegata and chinese wingnut are 2-3-year-old seedlings, and the common reed is a 1-year-old common reed. After planting the shrubs and arbors, the aforementioned mixed seeds are evenly sown in the blank areas within the squares. After the planting is completed, the whole is watered and cured once.

[0130] Example 5: The type of the slope protection for the water-level-fluctuation zone in this example is the mixed-quality slope S2, the soil type is purple soil plus alluvial soil, the average slope of the S area is 26°, the average slope of the M area is 28°, the average slope of the L area is 24°, and the slope surface of the water-level-fluctuation zone is overall flat and slightly steep.

[0131] The construction method of the concrete squares in this example is the same as that in Example 4.

[0132] The vertical and horizontal spacing of the positioning lines in this example is 180 cm.

[0133] The width of the positioning line is 13.5 cm.

[0134] The drilling depth of the hole points in this example is 80 cm, and the hole diameter is 8 cm.

[0135] In this example, the S area, the M area, and the L area are spray-irrigated integrally in one go, and deformation joints are demarcated at the intersections of the three areas.

[0136] The thickness of the concrete spray-irrigation is 3.5 cm; the depth of the access hole is 80 cm.

[0137] In this embodiment, four kinds of plant seeds, namely Bermuda grass, cocklebur, vetch, and tall fescue, are sown in the concrete squares of area S. The seeds are sown in a mixed way, and the mixing ratio of the seeds is Bermuda grass:cocklebur:vetch:tall fescue = 2:2:1:1. In the concrete squares of area M, Distylium chinense and Salix variegata are planted. 5 seedlings of Distylium chinense and 5 seedlings of Salix variegata are transplanted into each square. The transplanted Distylium chinense is a 1-2-year-old cutting seedling, and the Salix variegata is a 2-3-year-old seedling. After transplanting the shrubs, the aforementioned mixed seeds are evenly sown in the blank areas of the squares. In the concrete squares of area L, Salix variegata and Salix hylonoma are transplanted. 3 seedlings of Salix variegata and 3 seedlings of Salix hylonoma are planted in the squares. The Salix variegata and Salix hylonoma are 2-3-year-old seedlings. After planting the shrubs and arbors, the aforementioned mixed seeds are evenly sown in the blank areas of the squares. After planting, water the whole area for maintenance once.

[0138] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grids, characterized by: The invention comprises a plurality of slope protection frames (2) arranged on a slope body (1), each slope protection frame (2) being provided with a plurality of first grid grooves (201), the top height of the first grid grooves (201) being lower than the top height of the slope protection frame (2), each first grid groove (201) being provided with a filling brick (3), the filling brick (3) comprising a precast ecological concrete layer (308), a U-shaped lifting frame (302) being provided at the bottom end of the grid frame (301), and the top of the filling brick (3) in each slope protection frame (2) being covered with a cast-in-place ecological concrete layer (202).

2. The bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 1 is characterized by: The filling brick (3) comprises a hollowed-out grid frame (301) and a precast ecological concrete layer (308) wrapped around the outside of the grid frame (301), and both ends of the U-shaped lifting frame (302) are provided with lifting hooks (303) erected upwards.

3. The bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A sinking groove (306) is provided at the bottom of the frame (301), the U-shaped lifting frame (302) is embedded in the sinking groove (306), a plurality of lifting feet (307) are provided at the bottom edge of the grid frame (301), and side ears (304) are provided at both ends of the grid frame (301), and anti-rotation grooves (305) aligned with the sinking groove (306) are provided in the side ears (304).

4. The reservoir bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of parallel grooves (5) are provided on the slope (1), and reserved plates (501) are provided at both ends of the grooves (5).

5. The bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 4 is characterized by: A limit baffle (502) is provided between the two reserved plates (501), and a pulp outlet pipe auxiliary frame (10) is also provided. A movable trolley (8) is provided at both ends of the pulp outlet pipe auxiliary frame (10). The lower end of the movable trolley (8) is clamped in the groove (5) for movement. A movable translation platform (9) is provided on the pulp outlet pipe auxiliary frame (10). A pulp outlet pipe (11) is fixed on the translation platform (9). The lower end of the pulp outlet pipe (11) faces the slope surface of the slope body (1). A plurality of material storage tanks (12) are also provided. The material storage tanks (12) and the pulp outlet pipes (11) are connected via pipelines. A pipeline switching valve (13) is provided on the pipelines between the material storage tanks (12) and the pulp outlet pipes (11).

6. The bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 5 is characterized by: A slurry outlet pipe auxiliary frame (10) is provided with a transverse guide rail (1001), and guide wheel slots (1002) are provided on both sides of the transverse guide rail (1001). A pipe clamp device (901) is provided at one end of the translation platform (9), and the pipe clamp device (901) is used to sleeve the slurry outlet pipe (11). A plurality of first abutment wheels (902) and second abutment wheels (903) are provided at the other end of the translation platform (9), and the axes of rotation of the first abutment wheels (902) and the second abutment wheels (903) are perpendicular. The first abutment wheels (902) abut against the transverse guide rail (1001), and the second abutment wheels (903) abut against the guide wheel slots (1002).

7. The bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 5 is characterized by: A limit baffle (502) is connected to the reserved plate (501) of the groove (5), and the movable trolley (8) comprises a bottom base block (801). The bottom base block (801) is provided with a plurality of rotatable step wheels (802), and the step wheels (802) are clamped between the bottom surface of the groove (5) and the limit baffle (502) to roll. The upper end of the bottom base block (801) is provided with a height-adjustable sleeve block (805), and the sleeve block (805) is connected to the end of the slurry outlet pipe auxiliary frame (10).

8. The bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 7 is characterized by: An outer sleeve (803) is provided at the upper end of the bottom base block (801), a telescopic inner rod (804) is slidably sleeved in the outer sleeve (803), a plurality of through adjustment holes (806) are provided on the telescopic inner rod (804) and the outer sleeve (803), a sleeve block (805) is slidably sleeved with the upper end of the telescopic inner rod (804), and a first latch bolt (808) and a second latch bolt (809) are further provided, the first latch bolt (808) passes through the outer sleeve (803) and the adjustment holes (806) of the telescopic inner rod (804), and the second latch bolt (809) passes through the sleeve block (805) to be sleeved with the adjustment hole (806) of the telescopic inner rod (804).

9. The bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 7 is characterized by: A tightening brake plate (807) is provided on both outer sides of the bottom end base block (801), a guide rod portion (811) is provided on one side of the tightening brake plate (807), a sinking groove portion (810) is provided in the center of the bottom end base block (801), the guide rod portion (811) is slidably connected to the side wall of the sinking groove portion (810), the side wall of the sinking groove portion (810) is also provided with a slidably connected top sleeve (812), a driving screw rod (813) is provided in the sinking groove portion (810), two ends of the driving screw rod (813) are respectively threadedly connected to the top sleeve (812), the threads at the two ends of the driving screw rod (813) are rotated in opposite directions, and the driving screw rod (813) is rotated so that each top sleeve (812) pushes the tightening brake plate (807) to tighten the inner wall of the groove (5).

10. The construction method of the reservoir bank drawdown zone slope protection system based on concrete grid according to claim 1 is characterized by: Mix long-lasting fertilizer into eco-concrete; Assembling the grid frame (301) and the U-shaped lifting frame (302) into one body and placing them into the second grid groove (401) of the mold frame (4), and pouring ecological concrete into the second grid groove (401); Waiting for the eco-concrete to solidify and form filling bricks (3); The filling bricks (3) are demoulded and transported to the reservoir bank site; Mixing seeds of different plants into different storage tanks (12), and transporting the storage tanks (12) to the reservoir bank using a mobile vehicle; A limit baffle (502) and a movable trolley (8) are installed in the groove (5), and a slurry outlet pipe auxiliary frame (10) is set up; The slurry discharge pipe (11) is mounted on the pipe clamp device (901) of the translation platform (9), and the material storage tank (12) and the slurry discharge pipe (11) are connected by a pipeline system, wherein a pipeline switching valve (13) and a quantitative pump are provided in the pipeline system; The translation platform (9) is translated to spray the ecological concrete into the slope protection frame (2) at a high position and spread it evenly; Switch the material storage tank (12), move the moving trolley (8) to a lower height position, and translate the translation platform (9) for spraying; Switch the height position and repeat the construction until the spraying operation is completed in all the slope protection frames (2); The limit baffle (502) is removed, and the slurry outlet pipe auxiliary frame (10) and the mobile trolley (8) are moved to the next position on the reservoir bank for construction.

Images