Self-elevating ocean operation platform bionic pile shoe and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of self-elevating marine operation platform offshore construction, in particular to a self-elevating marine operation platform bionic pile shoe which comprises an intelligent high-pressure pile washing-out system, a cone-shaped pile shoe system and a jettisonable shoe pad system which are arranged on a pile leg, the intelligent high-pressure pile washing-out system comprises a high-pressure water pump, the high-pressure water pump is arranged in the pile leg, and the jettisonable shoe pad system is arranged in the pile leg. The cone-shaped pile shoe system comprises a high-pressure water pump, the lower portion of the high-pressure water pump is connected with a main water conveying pipe, the lower portion of the main water conveying pipe is connected with a tail branch water pipe and a tail end valve, the tail branch water pipe is connected with a nozzle, and the high-pressure water pump is controlled by an intelligent pile washing centralized control center. The tail branch water pipe, the tail end valve and the nozzle are located in the pile shoe, and the nozzle extends out of the water outlet hole. The jettisonable shoe pad system comprises a jettisonable shoe pad, a hanging ring and a stress rope, one end of the stress rope is connected with the jettisonable shoe pad, the other end of the stress rope is connected with the hanging ring, and the hanging ring is connected with the bottom of the pile shoe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of offshore construction of self-elevating offshore operation platforms, and particularly relates to a bionic pile shoe for a self-elevating offshore operation platform and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A self-elevating offshore operation platform is an offshore operation platform ship with its own legs. When operating in place at sea or taking shelter in place, in order to reduce the sway of the hull caused by external loads such as wind, waves, tides, and ocean currents, the legs of the self-elevating offshore operation platform are lowered to the seabed from the hull, and the self-elevating offshore operation platform is raised until it is a certain height above the sea surface. Self-elevating offshore operation platforms are now widely used in projects such as offshore oil and gas exploitation, submarine geological exploration, and offshore engineering assembly. However, when the seabed bearing capacity is weak and the seabed soil is viscous, the pile shoe that sinks into the seabed to a certain depth is subject to a considerable degree of negative suction and viscous force from the surrounding soil during the up-pulling and recovery of the pile leg, which makes the pile pulling difficult, time-consuming, and in extreme cases, the pile shoe is difficult to pull out. In view of the pile pulling problem of the self-elevating offshore operation platform under complex marine geological conditions, the design of the pile shoe should consider minimizing the pile pulling resistance as much as possible to improve the safety and turnover efficiency of the self-elevating offshore operation platform. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a bionic pile shoe for a self-elevating offshore operation platform to reduce the up-pulling resistance during the up-pulling and recovery process of the pile shoe, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the pile shoe recovery operation.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A bionic pile shoe for a self-elevating offshore operation platform, comprising an intelligent high-pressure pile flushing system, a conical-shaped pile shoe system, and a disposable shoe pad system arranged on the pile leg. The intelligent high-pressure pile flushing system includes a high-pressure water pump, which is arranged in the pile leg. The high-pressure water pump is connected to a main water delivery pipe below, the main water delivery pipe is connected to a terminal branch water pipe and a terminal valve below, the terminal branch water pipe is connected to a nozzle, and the high-pressure water pump is controlled by an intelligent pile flushing centralized control center. The conical-shaped pile shoe system includes a pile shoe bottom, a pile shoe top, and a pile shoe interior. The pile shoe bottom is provided with water outlet holes, the terminal branch water pipe, the terminal valve, and the nozzle are located inside the pile shoe interior, and the nozzle extends out of the water outlet holes. The disposable shoe pad system includes a disposable shoe pad, a suspension ring, and a stress rope. One end of the stress rope is connected to the disposable shoe pad, the other end of the stress rope is connected to the suspension ring, and the suspension ring is connected to the pile shoe bottom.

[0005] Further, a hook is arranged below the pile shoe bottom, and the suspension ring is matched with the hook.

[0006] Further, a limiting plate is welded to the outer edge of the pile shoe bottom, and the disposable shoe pad can be clamped into the limiting plate.

[0007] Further, distributed pile shoe resistance measuring elements are arranged on the pile legs.

[0008] Further, the bottom of the pile shoe is planar, the top of the pile shoe is lotus-shaped, and the interior of the pile shoe is of a hollow structure.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a bionic pile shoe of a jack-up offshore operation platform, comprising the following steps: S1. Process the top of the pile shoe in a vertebral shape and weld it to the bottom of the pile leg. Connect the intelligent pile driving centralized control center to the high-pressure water pump through a signal transmission cable. Arrange the main water delivery pipe along the inside of the pile leg until it reaches the pile shoe. Install the end branch water pipes, end valves, and nozzles inside the pile shoe. S2. Install the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring elements around the pile legs. Weld the limit plate to the outer edge of the bottom of the pile shoe, and cut out water outlet holes at the positions of the nozzles corresponding to the bottom of the pile shoe. Install the hooks at the designed hole positions at the bottom of the pile shoe, and weld the bottom of the pile shoe to the top of the pile shoe. S3. Connect the lower end of the stress rope to the disposable pile shoe pad, and connect the upper end of the stress rope to the sling. Then, hang the sling into the hook through a hoisting tool. S4. When the jack-up offshore operation platform is performing a lifting operation, the pile legs together with the entire pile shoe gradually insert into the seabed foundation to a predetermined depth. The jack-up offshore operation platform conducts offshore operations. When the jack-up offshore operation platform needs to pull out the piles after the operation is completed, the pile legs are gradually retracted upward, and the pile shoe drives the disposable shoe pad to move upward. When the adsorption between the disposable pile shoe pad and the foundation soil is too tight and the stress rope is overloaded, the stress rope automatically breaks, and the disposable shoe pad is discarded. S5. If the pile pulling resistance of the pile shoe measured by the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring elements is large and it is difficult for the jack-up offshore operation platform to pull out the piles, the intelligent pile driving centralized control center controls the high-pressure water pump to start and performs a pile washing operation on the pile shoe. The intelligent pile driving centralized control center adjusts the opening and closing of the end valves in different directions according to the magnitude of the circumferential pile pulling resistance of the pile shoe measured by the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring elements, so as to realize that the nozzles in the direction with a large pile pulling resistance spray high-pressure water flow for pile washing.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1) The vertebral (lotus-shaped) pile shoe system provided by the present invention can provide more efficient support force for the pile legs compared with the traditional rectangular pile shoe. The lotus-shaped (vertebral streamline) top of the pile shoe can effectively reduce the resistance encountered when the pile shoe breaks through the overlying soil during the up-pulling process. 2) The disposable shoe pad system provided by the present invention makes it easy for the pile shoe to separate from the soil at the bottom of the pile shoe during up-pulling, greatly reducing the negative suction force brought by the soil at the bottom of the pile shoe and reducing the difficulty of pulling out the piles. 3) The designed intelligent high-pressure pile ramming system can generate a greater pile ramming force in the direction where it is difficult to pull out the pile, realize the intelligent control of pile ramming, improve the pile ramming efficiency, and thus increase the pile pulling speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is the front view of the bionic pile shoe of the self-elevating offshore operation platform of the present invention; Figure 2 is the bottom view of the bionic pile shoe of the self-elevating offshore operation platform of the present invention; Figure 3 is the sectional view of the disposable shoe pad of the present invention.

[0012] In the figure: 1.1 - bottom of the pile shoe; 1.2 - top of the pile shoe; 1.3 - inside of the pile shoe; 1.4 - limit plate; 1.5 - water outlet hole; 1.6 - hook; 2.1 - disposable shoe pad; 2.2 - lifting ring; 2.3 - stress rope; 3.1 - intelligent pile ramming centralized control center; 3.2 - high-pressure water pump; 3.3 - main water delivery pipe; 3.4 - end branch water pipe; 3.5 - end valve; 3.6 - nozzle; 3.7 - pile shoe resistance measuring element; 4.1 - leg; 4.2 - sea surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0013] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only for helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several modifications can still be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0014] As Figure 1 — Figure 3As shown in the figure, the present invention relates to a bionic pile shoe for a jack-up offshore operation platform, which includes an intelligent high-pressure pile washing system, a conical pile shoe system, and a disposable shoe pad system arranged on the pile leg 4.1. The intelligent high-pressure pile washing system includes a high-pressure water pump 3.2, which is arranged in the pile leg 4.1. The high-pressure water pump is connected to the main water delivery pipe 3.3 at the lower part, and the main water delivery pipe is connected to the end branch water pipes 3.4 and the end valves 3.5 at the lower part. The end branch water pipes 3.4 are connected to the nozzles 3.6. The high-pressure water pump 3.2 is controlled by the intelligent pile washing centralized control center 3.1. The main water delivery pipe 3.3 connects the high-pressure water pump 3.2 and the end branch water pipes 3.4, and is used to deliver the high-pressure water generated by the high-pressure water pump 3.2 to the end branch water pipes 3.4. The end valves 3.5 are installed in the end branch water pipes 3.4, and each end valve 3.5 can control the water flow in one or more end branch water pipes 3.4. The conical pile shoe system includes a pile shoe bottom 1.1, a pile shoe top 1.2, and a pile shoe interior 1.3. The pile shoe bottom 1.1 is provided with water outlet holes 1.5. The pile shoe interior 1.3 is in a hollow lattice structure, which saves materials and reduces the self-weight of the pile shoe, and at the same time provides space for the layout and installation of other equipment. For example, the end branch water pipes 3.4, the end valves 3.5, and the nozzles 3.6 are located inside the pile shoe interior 1.3, and the nozzles 3.6 extend out of the water outlet holes 1.5. The disposable shoe pad system includes a disposable shoe pad 2.1, a lifting ring 2.2, and a stress rope 2.3. One end of the stress rope 2.3 is connected to the disposable shoe pad 2.1, and the other end of the stress rope 2.3 is connected to the lifting ring 2.2. The lifting ring 2.2 is connected to the pile shoe bottom 1.1. The lifting ring 2.2 and the stress rope 2.3 are used to lift the disposable shoe pad 2.1.

[0015] The disposable boot mat 2.1 described in this solution is a cylindrical mat with a relatively large diameter and a small thickness. Its outer edge dimensions match those of the bottom 1.1 of the pile boot and can be snapped into the limit plate 1.4. The disposable boot mat 2.1 is a lattice-shaped environmentally friendly profile that is permeable and breathable, and its texture can be soft or hard. It can be made of organic materials such as palm and wood or waste recycled materials through processes such as weaving or die-casting, or it can be made of materials such as plastic, fiberglass, and synthetic rubber through specific processes. The stress rope 2.3 can only withstand a certain degree of tensile force. During the up-drawing and recycling process of the pile boot, if the disposable boot mat 2.1 is too tightly adsorbed to the bottom soil and the stress rope 2.3 is overloaded, the stress rope 2.3 will automatically break, realizing the function of discarding the disposable boot mat 2.1. The display and operation terminal of the intelligent pile ramming centralized control center 3.1 is located in the control cabin of the jack-up offshore operation platform. Technicians can observe and manipulate the pile ramming control of the pile boot in real time through the intelligent pile ramming centralized control center 3.1. The distributed pile boot resistance measuring element 3.7 is a strain gauge installed on the inner circumference of the pile leg 4.1 and can be used to measure the magnitude of the resistance suffered during the entire process of pile insertion and extraction of the pile boot. The intelligent pile ramming centralized control center 3.1 can automatically adjust the opening and closing of the high-pressure water pump 3.2 and the magnitude of the high-pressure water flow according to the extraction resistance measured by the distributed pile boot resistance measuring element 3.7. The intelligent pile ramming centralized control center 3.1 can also adjust the opening and closing of the end valves 3.5 in different directions according to the magnitude of the circumferential extraction resistance of the pile boot measured by the distributed pile boot resistance measuring element 3.7, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the pressure of the high-pressure water flow ejected from the nozzles 3.6 in different directions.

[0016] Further, a hook 1.6 is provided under the bottom 1.1 of the pile boot, and the lifting ring 2.2 is matched with the hook 1.6. The lifting ring 2.2 is a stainless steel ring, and the lifting ring 2.2 can be hung into the hook 1.6 through lifting equipment, so as to connect the bottom of the pile boot and the disposable boot mat through the hook, the lifting ring and the stress rope.

[0017] Further, a limit plate 1.4 is welded to the outer edge of the bottom 1.1 of the pile boot, and the disposable boot mat 2.1 can be snapped into the limit plate 1.4 to limit the sliding of the disposable pile boot mat during the descent of the pile boot.

[0018] Further, a distributed pile boot resistance measuring element 3.7 is provided on the pile leg 4.1 and can be used to measure the magnitude of the resistance suffered during the entire process of pile insertion and extraction of the pile boot.

[0019] Further, the bottom 1.1 of the pile boot is flat to provide a stable supporting force for the pile boot. The top 1.2 of the pile boot is lotus-shaped, which is used to reduce the resistance encountered when the pile boot breaks through the backfill soil during the up-drawing process. The inside 1.3 of the pile boot is hollow-structured, which can reduce its own weight and save materials. Embodiment 2

[0020] A method for using a bionic pile shoe of a jack-up offshore operation platform of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Process the top 1.2 of the pile shoe in a conical shape and weld it to the bottom 1.1 of the pile leg. Connect the intelligent pile driving control center 3.1 to the high-pressure water pump 3.2 through a signal transmission cable. Arrange the main water delivery pipe 3.3 inside the pile leg 4.1 until it reaches the pile shoe. Install the end branch water pipe 3.4, the end valve 3.5, and the nozzle 3.6 inside the pile shoe 1.3; S2. Install the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring element 3.7 around the pile leg 4.1. Weld the limit plate 1.4 to the outer edge of the bottom 1.1 of the pile shoe, and cut out a water outlet hole 1.5 at the position of the nozzle 3.6 corresponding to the bottom 1.1 of the pile shoe. Install the hook 1.6 at the designed hole position of the bottom 1.1 of the pile shoe, and weld the bottom 1.1 of the pile shoe to the top 1.2 of the pile shoe; S3. Connect the lower end of the stress rope 2.3 to the disposable pile shoe pad 2.1, and connect the upper end of the stress rope 2.3 to the sling 2.2. Then, use a lifting tool to hang the sling 2.2 into the hook 1.6; S4. When the jack-up offshore operation platform is lifted, the pile leg 4.1 together with the entire pile shoe extends into the sea surface 4.2 and gradually inserts into the seabed foundation to the predetermined depth. The jack-up offshore operation platform conducts offshore operations. When the jack-up offshore operation platform needs to pull out the pile after the operation is completed, the pile leg 4.1 gradually retracts upward, and the pile shoe drives the disposable shoe pad 2.1 to move upward. When the adsorption of the disposable pile shoe pad 2.1 to the foundation soil is too tight and the stress rope 2.3 is overloaded, the stress rope 2.3 automatically breaks, and the disposable shoe pad 2.1 is discarded; S5. If the pile pulling resistance of the pile shoe measured by the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring element 3.7 is large and it is difficult for the jack-up offshore operation platform to pull out the pile, the intelligent pile driving control center 3.1 controls the high-pressure water pump 3.2 to start and conducts pile driving operations on the pile shoe. The intelligent pile driving control center 3.1 adjusts the opening and closing of the end valves 3.5 in different directions according to the magnitude of the circumferential pile pulling resistance of the pile shoe measured by the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring element 3.7, so as to achieve the effect of spraying higher-pressure water flow from the nozzles 3.6 in the direction with large pile pulling resistance, and improve the pile driving efficiency.

[0021] The above specific implementation manners are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the spirit and scope of the protection of the claims of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic pile shoe for a self-elevating offshore platform, characterized in that: The invention comprises an intelligent high-pressure pile-punching system, a vertebral pile shoe system and a disposable shoe pad system arranged on a pile leg (4.1), wherein the intelligent high-pressure pile-punching system comprises a high-pressure water pump (3.2), the high-pressure water pump (3.2) being arranged in the pile leg (4.1), the high-pressure water pump being connected to a main water pipe (3.3) below, the main water pipe being connected to a terminal water pipe (3.4) and a terminal valve (3.5) below, the terminal water pipe (3.4) being connected to a nozzle (3.6), the high-pressure water pump (3.2) being controlled by an intelligent pile-punching centralized control center (3.1), and the vertebral pile shoe system comprising a pile shoe bottom (1.1), a pile shoe top (1. 2) and the interior of the pile shoe (1.3), a water outlet hole (1.5) is formed on the bottom (1.1) of the pile shoe, an end branch water pipe (3.4), an end valve (3.5) and a nozzle (3.6) are located in the interior (1.3) of the pile shoe, and the nozzle (3.6) extends out of the water outlet hole (1.5); the disposable shoe pad system comprises a disposable shoe pad (2.1), a lifting ring (2.2) and a stress rope (2.3), one end of the stress rope (2.3) is connected to the disposable shoe pad (2.1), the other end of the stress rope (2.3) is connected to the lifting ring (2.2), and the lifting ring (2.2) is connected to the bottom (1.1) of the pile shoe.

2. A bionic pile shoe for a self-elevating offshore work platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that A hook (1.6) is arranged under the pile shoe bottom (1.1), and the lifting ring (2.2) matches the hook (1.6).

3. The bionic pile shoe of a self-elevating offshore platform according to claim 1, characterized in that A limiting plate (1.4) is welded to the outer edge of the pile shoe bottom (1.1), and the disposable shoe pad (2.1) can be inserted into the limiting plate (1.4).

4. The bionic pile shoe of a self-elevating offshore platform according to claim 1, characterized in that A distributed pile shoe resistance measuring element (3.7) is provided on the pile leg (4.1).

5. The bionic pile shoe of a self-elevating offshore platform according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom (1.1) of the pile shoe is flat, the top (1.2) of the pile shoe is lotus-shaped, and the interior (1.3) of the pile shoe is hollow.

6. A method for using a bionic pile shoe for a self-elevating offshore operation platform, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Process the top (1.2) of the pile shoe with a cone shape and weld it to the bottom (1.1) of the pile leg. Connect the intelligent pile punching control center (3.1) to the high-pressure water pump (3.2) via a signal transmission cable. Arrange the main water pipe (3.3) along the inside of the pile leg (4.1) to the pile shoe. Install the terminal water pipe (3.4), the terminal valve (3.5) and the nozzle (3.6) inside the pile shoe (1.3). S2, installing the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring element (3.7) around the pile leg (4.1), welding the limit plate (1.4) to the outer edge of the pile shoe bottom (1.1), cutting a water outlet hole (1.5) at the position of the nozzle (3.6) corresponding to the pile shoe bottom (1.1), installing the hook (1.6) at the designed hole position of the pile shoe bottom (1.1), and welding the pile shoe bottom (1.1) to the pile shoe top (1.2); S3, connecting the lower end of the stress rope (2.3) to the throwable pile shoe pad (2.1), connecting the upper end of the stress rope (2.3) to the lifting ring (2.2), and then hanging the lifting ring (2.2) on the hook (1.6) by means of a lifting device; S4. When the self-elevating offshore operation platform is performing a lifting operation, the pile leg (4.1) together with the entire pile shoe is gradually inserted into the seabed foundation to a predetermined depth, and the self-elevating offshore operation platform carries out offshore operations. When the operation of the self-elevating offshore operation platform is completed and the pile needs to be pulled out, the pile leg (4.1) is gradually retracted upward, and the pile shoe drives the disposable shoe pad (2.1) to move upward. When the disposable pile shoe pad (2.1) is too tightly adsorbed to the foundation soil so that the stress rope (2.3) is subjected to excessive force, the stress rope (2.3) automatically breaks, and the disposable shoe pad (2.1) is discarded; S5. If the pile shoe's pile pulling resistance measured by the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring element (3.7) is large, and the self-elevating offshore operation platform has difficulty in pulling out piles, the intelligent pile punching control center (3.1) controls the high-pressure water pump (3.2) to start and punch the pile shoe. The intelligent pile punching control center (3.1) adjusts the opening and closing of the terminal valves (3.5) in different directions according to the size of the pile shoe's circumferential pile pulling resistance measured by the distributed pile shoe resistance measuring element (3.7), so that the nozzle (3.6) in the direction with the large pile pulling resistance sprays high-pressure water to punch the pile.

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