Ecological restoration system and method for high and steep sandy soil side slope

Abstract

The invention provides a high and steep sandy soil side slope ecological restoration system and method.The high and steep sandy soil side slope ecological restoration system comprises a slope fixing structure, a net hanging structure, a vegetation layer and a permeable structure, the net hanging structure comprises a protective net laid on the slope surface, the vegetation layer is sprayed and sown on the slope surface, and the slope fixing structure comprises a retaining wall built at the slope bottom; the retaining wall is used for supporting slump coverings, broken rock stratums or landslides on the hillside. A permeable structure is arranged in the retaining wall, so that redundant water on a slope body can be discharged. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, in order to improve the stability of the side slope, a 2.5 m high-gravity retaining wall is built at the bottom of the slope to support covering objects, broken rock stratums or landslides which may slump and slide on the hillside. Meanwhile, the net hanging and vegetation concrete spray-seeding technology is adopted, the slope protection strength and anti-scouring capacity are enhanced, the plant growth environment is rapidly built, weathering and stripping of the slope surface are prevented, and rapid forming, ecology and stability of vegetation are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vegetation planting, and particularly to an ecological restoration system and method for high-steep sandy soil slopes. Background Art

[0002] Carrying out ecological restoration on exposed slopes can improve the regional environment and optimize the mountain landscape. The plants planted on the slope surface can improve the soil conditions, and their roots can increase the cohesion of the surface soil and have a reinforcing function on the slope, which can comprehensively improve its stability.

[0003] The biggest difficulty in the ecological restoration of high-steep sandy soil slopes is soil retention. Soil is the basic condition for plant growth. The soil matrix of traditional slope ecological restoration technologies is prone to falling off after being washed by rain, and the soil is soft and prone to landslides, resulting in a fragile habitat for rocky slopes and difficulty in constructing plant communities. In traditional slope ecological revegetation projects, there are problems such as a single community structure and easy degradation of vegetation, and it is impossible to construct suitable vegetation for successional high-steep rocky slopes. Traditional slope ecological restoration technologies also cannot adapt to slopes with high steepness, no vegetation cover, unstable soil layer structure, patchy distribution of soil-exposed areas, and sandy soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide an ecological restoration system and method for high-steep sandy soil slopes, aiming to improve the technical problems of poor slope stability, weak anti-scouring ability, and poor restoration effect in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ecological restoration system for high-steep sandy soil slopes, including a slope fixation structure, a net hanging structure, a vegetation layer, and a water permeable structure. The net hanging structure includes a protection net laid on the slope surface. The vegetation layer is sprayed on the slope surface. The slope fixation structure includes a retaining wall built at the bottom of the slope. The water permeable structure includes drain holes that obliquely penetrate the inner and outer sides of the retaining wall and permeable bricks installed on the inner wall surface of the retaining wall, and the permeable bricks are located at the water inlet of the drain holes.

[0006] Optionally, the slope fixation structure further includes a base layer and a support layer. The base layer is laid at the bottom of the slope surface. The retaining wall is vertically installed on the base layer. The retaining wall is trapezoid-shaped with a narrower top and a wider bottom. The support layer is laid on the base layer and abuts against the outer side of the retaining wall.

[0007] Optionally, the base layer is laid with 300-mm-thick graded sand and gravel materials, and the support layer and the retaining wall are built with rubble masonry in cement mortar.

[0008] Optionally, the slope fixation structure further includes anti-tipping members. The anti-tipping members are composed of at least two rows of tension rod groups. Each row of the tension rod groups is composed of multiple tie rods, and the tie rods are all parallel to the bottom of the retaining wall.

[0009] Optionally, the distance between two adjacent rows of the tension rod groups is 0.5 m - 2 m, the distance between any two adjacent tension rods in each row of the tension rod groups is 10 cm - 50 cm, and the depth of the tension rods embedded in the wall surface is 15 cm - 50 cm.

[0010] Optionally, vertical steel bars are provided inside the retaining wall, and the steel bars are fixedly connected to the anti-tipping members.

[0011] Optionally, the vegetation layer includes soil, peat soil, coconut coir, and wood fibers.

[0012] Optionally, the included angle between the inner wall surface of the retaining wall and the slope surface is A, and 25° ≤ A ≤ 35°.

[0013] In addition, for the above purposes, the present invention also provides an ecological restoration method for high-steep sandy soil slopes, including the following steps:

[0014] Pretreat the slope surface and build a slope-fixing structure at the bottom of the slope;

[0015] Fix the protective net on the slope surface and spray the vegetation layer on the slope surface provided with the protective net;

[0016] After spraying the vegetation layer, lay a protective layer on the slope surface.

[0017] Optionally, building the slope-fixing structure at the bottom of the slope includes the following steps:

[0018] Embed drain pipes in the retaining wall to form through drain holes. The drain pipes obliquely penetrate through the inner and outer sides of the retaining wall, and the end located outside the retaining wall body is lower;

[0019] Prefabricate filter boxes and permeable bricks, install the filter boxes on the inner wall surface of the retaining wall, and install the permeable bricks into the filter boxes;

[0020] Backfill the soil between the inner wall surface of the retaining wall and the slope surface.

[0021] The present invention provides a high-steep sandy soil slope ecological restoration system and method, which includes a slope stabilizing structure, a net hanging structure, and a vegetation layer. The net hanging structure includes a protective net laid on the slope surface, and the vegetation layer is sprayed on the slope surface. The slope stabilizing structure includes a retaining wall built at the bottom of the slope, and the retaining wall is used to support the sliding covering, broken rock layer or landslide on the mountain slope. In the technical solution provided by the present invention, in order to improve the slope stability, a 2.5-meter-high gravity retaining wall is built at the bottom of the slope to support the possible sliding covering, broken rock layer or landslide on the mountain slope. At the same time, the net hanging plus vegetation concrete spraying technology is adopted to enhance the slope protection strength and anti-scouring ability, quickly create an environment for plant growth, and prevent the weathering and peeling of the slope surface, ensuring the rapid formation and ecological and stability of the vegetation. The restoration system and method provided by this solution can maintain the natural succession function of plants by itself, cultivate an ideal woody plant community system, and form a green landscape that is coordinated with the surrounding environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a real scene picture after restoration of an embodiment of the high-steep sandy soil slope ecological restoration system and method provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of slope cleaning operation in an embodiment of the high-steep sandy soil slope ecological restoration system and method provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a real scene picture at the initial stage of restoration of an embodiment of the high-steep sandy soil slope ecological restoration system and method provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the slope stabilizing structure in an embodiment of the high-steep sandy soil slope ecological restoration system and method provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the water-permeable structure in an embodiment of the high-steep sandy soil slope ecological restoration system and method provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the retaining wall structure in an embodiment of the high-steep sandy soil slope ecological restoration system and method provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the retaining wall structure in another embodiment of the ecological restoration system and method for high-steep sandy soil slopes provided by the present invention.

[0030] The meanings of the reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:

[0031] 100 - slope stabilizing structure; 101 - retaining wall; 102 - support layer; 103 - base layer; 104 - steel bars; 105 - tension rod group; 106 - backfill soil; 107 - slope body.

[0032] 200 - permeable structure; 201 - drain hole; 202 - filter box; 203 - permeable brick.

[0033] The realization of the object, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments

[0034] To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The technical solutions in the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", generally, it should be interpreted according to the meaning that those skilled in the art usually understand this expression (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having only A, only B, only C, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.). In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C, etc.", generally, it should be interpreted according to the meaning that those skilled in the art usually understand this expression (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having only A, only B, only C, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.).

[0036] It should be noted that if there are directional indications involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a certain specific posture. If this specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] See Figure 1-7 , in this embodiment, the ecological restoration system for high-steep sandy soil slopes includes a slope-fixing structure 100, a net-hanging structure, a vegetation layer, and a water-permeable structure 200. To improve the slope stability, a 2.5-meter-high gravity retaining wall 101 is built at the bottom of the slope to support the possible collapsing cover, broken rock layer, or landslide on the hillside. Considering the relatively steep slope of the slope and combining the actual on-site situation, the net-hanging plus vegetation concrete spraying technology is used to enhance the slope protection strength and anti-scouring ability, quickly create an environment for plant growth, and at the same time prevent the weathering and peeling of the slope surface, ensuring the rapid formation of vegetation and ecological stability. First, a protective net is laid on the slope surface, and then the vegetation layer is sprayed on the slope surface. The protective net is selected from three-dimensional nets, geogrids, or wire meshes according to the design requirements and laid on the slope surface. After laying, it is longitudinally bolted along the slope surface, and reinforcement bolts are set. For subsequent spraying, the "vegetation concrete spraying technology" is used, effectively improving the stability of the high-steep sandy soil slope. The seeds are selected according to local conditions, and local native plants are used as the main seed sources for the seed ratio.

[0040] See Figure 5 , a drain pipe is pre-buried in the retaining wall 101 to form a through drain hole 201. The drain pipe obliquely penetrates through the inner and outer sides of the retaining wall 101, and the end located outside the retaining wall 101 is lower. Prefabricated filter boxes 202 and permeable bricks 203 are provided. The filter box 202 is installed on the inner wall surface of the retaining wall 101, and permeable bricks 203 are installed in the filter box 202. In this embodiment, by installing the filter box 202 and permeable bricks 203 on the inner wall surface of the retaining wall 101, when the water content in the slope body is too large, it can seep out through the permeable bricks 203 and then flow out through the drain pipe. The filter box 202 is used to support the permeable bricks and can also filter the water. It can be understood that multiple water-permeable structures 200 can be provided as needed to enhance the drainage capacity.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the slope retaining structure 100 further includes a subgrade layer 103 and a support layer 102. The subgrade layer 103 is laid at the bottom of the slope. Since the gravity retaining wall 101 maintains balance and stability by its own weight, it is large in volume and weight, and its construction on soft ground is often restricted by the bearing capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to first harden the bottom of the slope to form the subgrade layer 103. The retaining wall 101 is vertically installed on the subgrade layer 103. The retaining wall 101 is trapezoidal with a narrower top and a wider bottom. Thus, the tensile strength of the wall body is small, and the overturning moment caused by the earth pressure acting on the back of the wall needs to be balanced by the anti-overturning moment generated by the self-weight of the wall body. Therefore, the wall body must be made into a thick and heavy entity to ensure its stability. In this way, the cross-section of the wall body is relatively large. The gravity retaining wall has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, and the ability to use local materials, and is a widely used form in engineering.

[0042] In addition, in order to balance the overturning force, a support layer 102 can also be built at the bottom of the retaining wall. The support layer 102 abuts against the outer side of the retaining wall 101. Of course, the specific shape of the retaining wall 101 can be reasonably designed according to the topography. Generally speaking, when the original terrain in front of the retaining wall 101 is relatively flat, it is more reasonable to use a battered wall; if the original terrain is relatively steep, using a battered wall will increase the height of the wall body a lot. At this time, a vertical wall or a leaning-forward wall is advisable.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the subgrade layer 103 is laid with 300-mm thick graded sand and gravel materials. Graded sand and gravel refers to a mixed material in which the particle size (grain size) of sand or gravel is mixed in a certain proportion for use as a foundation or other purposes. The ratio of graded sand and gravel varies according to specific engineering designs. 300-mm thick graded sand and gravel means that the thickness of the sand and gravel in the structural layer is 300 millimeters. The specific process of laying the subgrade layer 103 includes selecting hard sand, gravel or crushed stone, etc., and ensuring that its particle gradation meets the design requirements. The mud content shall not exceed 5%, and for crushed stone, the maximum particle size shall not be greater than 50 mm. According to the design requirements and the construction area, calculate the amount of sand and gravel materials required, and organize the materials to enter the site in advance. Equip loaders for loading, unloading and transporting sand and gravel materials, bulldozers for site leveling and rough spreading, and rollers for compaction operations. At the same time, prepare measuring instruments such as levels and theodolites for controlling the laying elevation and slope; as well as auxiliary tools such as shovels and wheelbarrows. Carry out "three connections and one leveling" for the construction site, that is, provide access roads, water supply, power supply and site leveling. Remove sundries, obstacles and accumulated water in the site to ensure that the construction site has good working conditions. Complete the measurement and setting-out work, determine the boundary and elevation control points of the foundation according to the design drawings, and set obvious signs. Protect the control points to prevent them from being damaged during the construction process.

[0044] Inspect the original foundation soil. If there are defects such as soft soil layers and cavities, they need to be treated according to the design requirements. For example, methods such as replacement and compaction can be used to ensure that the bearing capacity of the foundation base meets the requirements. On the treated foundation base, sprinkle a thin layer of sand with a thickness of about 50mm - 100mm to play a role in isolation and leveling. Since the laying thickness is 300mm, it can be paved in one go. However, to ensure the compaction effect, the loose laying thickness should be controlled within 320mm - 350mm, and the loose laying thickness is controlled by setting elevation stakes at the edge of the site. Use a loader to transport the sand and gravel to the construction site, and a bulldozer is used for paving. During the paving process, the uniformity of the sand and gravel should be maintained to avoid the separation of coarse and fine particles. For the corners and parts that are difficult for machinery to reach, manual cooperation is used for paving. After paving, sprinkle an appropriate amount of water according to the dry and wet degree of the sand and gravel. Generally, make the water content of the sand and gravel reach the optimal water content range, that is, 8% - 12%, to improve the compaction effect. First, use a light roller to statically press the surface of the sand and gravel to make it initially flat, and then switch to a vibrating roller for vibrating compaction. Randomly select the laid sand and gravel samples to check whether their particle gradation meets the design requirements. If it is found that the gradation does not meet the requirements, adjustments or rework should be carried out in a timely manner.

[0045] In this embodiment, the support layer 102 and the retaining wall 101 are made of rubble masonry with cement mortar. Before masonry, select the rubble, choose the rubble with appropriate shape and hard texture, and conduct trial placement according to the wall size and masonry method to determine the placement position and order of the rubble. First, lay a layer of cement mortar with a thickness of 30mm - 50mm on the surface of the lower layer of rubble, and then place the selected rubble stably on the mortar, so that the rubble is closely combined with the mortar, and ensure the flatness and perpendicularity of the rubble. The wall should be masoned in layers, and the rubble should be staggered between each layer. The perpendicularity deviation of the wall should not exceed 0.5% of the wall height, and the flatness deviation should not exceed 20mm. After the wall masonry is completed, jointing treatment should be carried out in a timely manner. After jointing is completed, the retaining wall should be cured in a timely manner. The curing method generally uses moisture-retaining materials such as covering with straw curtains and gunny bags, and regularly sprinkle water to keep the surface of the wall moist.

[0046] Using rubble masonry with cement mortar to prepare the support layer 102 and the retaining wall 101 has the following advantages: high strength, the cement mortar has high compressive strength, which can provide a reliable bonding force between the rubble, enabling the rubble to be connected to form an integral structure and jointly bear external forces; good durability, the cement stone structure formed during the hydration process of the cement in the cement mortar has good impermeability, frost resistance and corrosion resistance. After combining with the rubble, it can effectively protect the rubble from being eroded by external environmental factors and extend the service life of the retaining wall 101. When exposed to the natural environment for a long time, it can resist the erosion of rain, snow, wind, acid and alkali and other substances and maintain the integrity of the structure.

[0047] Next, in this embodiment, the slope stabilizing structure 100 further includes anti-tipping members, which are composed of at least two rows of tension rod groups 105. Each row of the tension rod groups 105 is composed of multiple tension rods, and all the tension rods are parallel to the bottom of the retaining wall 101. The number of tension rod groups can be selected according to the height of the gravity retaining wall 101. The distance between adjacent two tension rods should not be set too wide or too narrow. If it is set too wide, the purpose of anti-tipping cannot be achieved; if it is set too narrow, although the purpose is achieved, materials are wasted. The depth of the tension rod embedded in the wall surface should not be set too shallow or too deep. If it is too shallow, the firmness of embedding in the wall surface is insufficient; if it is too deep, although the firmness is appropriate, some tension rod materials are wasted.

[0048] In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent two rows of the tension rod groups 105 is 0.5 m - 2 m, the distance between any adjacent two tension rods in each row of the tension rod groups 105 is 10 cm - 50 cm, and the depth of the tension rod embedded in the wall surface is 15 cm - 50 cm. There are vertically extending steel bars 104 inside the retaining wall 101, and the steel bars 104 are fixedly connected to the anti-tipping members. The tension rods are connected to the steel bars 104 inside the gravity retaining wall 101, which is convenient for fixing the tension rods more firmly.

[0049] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the vegetation layer includes soil, peat soil, coconut coir, and wood fibers. In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the matrix substrate is an important factor to ensure the success of hydroseeding. A strict mixing ratio is required. Soil, peat soil, coconut coir, wood fibers (or pulp), etc. are mixed and used in a certain ratio, and are operated by a professional hydroseeder. In this embodiment, the seeds in the vegetation layer are composed of one or more of deep-rooted plants, shallow-rooted plants, leguminous plants, gramineous plants, pioneer plants, and plants at different development stages. In the technical solution provided by the invention, mixed seeding of plants with different characteristics is also an important factor to ensure the success of hydroseeding. By utilizing the complementarity of grass seeds, such as the characteristics of deep roots and shallow roots, leguminous and gramineous, pioneer plants and later plants, early development and late development, etc., mixed hydroseeding can grow well in different seasons, weathers, and environments. The grass seeds for hydroseeding should be perennial varieties with developed roots, fast turf-forming, drought resistance, and barren tolerance. It can be understood that specific how to match still needs to be adjusted according to local conditions and adopt plants more suitable for local growth habits.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the included angle between the inner surface of the retaining wall 101 and the slope surface is A, and 25° ≤ A ≤ 35°. The inner wall of the retaining wall 101 is inclined. If the inclination angle is too small, the purpose of enhancing the stability of the gravity retaining wall cannot be achieved; if the inclination angle is too large, the purpose of enhancing the stability can be achieved, but this not only wastes materials but also occupies a large area. In addition, backfill soil 106 will be filled between the inner surface of the retaining wall 101 and the slope body 107 (i.e., the slope).

[0051] The present invention also provides a method for ecological restoration of steep sandy soil slopes, aiming to solve the problems of poor slope stability, weak anti-scouring ability and poor restoration effect in traditional ecological restoration methods. In one embodiment, the method for ecological restoration of steep sandy soil slopes includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S10: pre-treat the slope surface and construct a slope-fixing structure 100 at the bottom of the slope.

[0053] Step S20: fix the protection net on the slope surface, and spray the vegetation layer on the slope surface where the protection net is laid.

[0054] Step S30: After the vegetation layer is sprayed, a protective layer is laid on the slope surface.

[0055] In this embodiment, the pretreatment of the slope surface includes clearing debris and loose rocks from the working surface, trimming the corners of the slope surface and the top of the slope to make it arc-shaped, and making the working surface as flat as possible to facilitate the construction of soil spraying. In order to improve the stability of the slope, a 2.5-meter-high gravity retaining wall 101 is built at the bottom of the slope to support the covering materials, broken rock layers or landslides that may collapse on the hillside. First, a protective net is laid on the slope surface, and then a vegetation layer is sprayed on the slope surface. In order to ensure that the plant seeds are protected from rain erosion before taking root in the rainy season; in the cold season, the plant seeds and seedlings are protected from frost damage; and in the normal construction season, heat preservation and moisture retention. It is required to use straw curtains as a protective layer to prevent the early straw curtains from being blown away by the wind. The purpose is to prevent the formed working surface from being washed away by rain; and to keep warm and moisturize, and promote plant growth. In addition, the slope irrigation adopts the laying of micro-spraying belts, which are connected to the on-site water supply main for micro-spraying irrigation.

[0056] Further, in one embodiment, step S10 of constructing the slope-fixing structure 100 at the bottom of the slope includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S101: pre-buried a drainage pipe in the retaining wall 101 to form a through drainage hole 201, wherein the drainage pipe obliquely penetrates the inner and outer sides of the retaining wall 101, and one end of the drainage pipe located on the outer side of the retaining wall 101 is lower.

[0058] Step S102 : prefabricate the filter box 202 and the permeable bricks 203 , install the filter box 202 on the inner wall surface of the retaining wall, and install the permeable bricks 203 into the filter box 202 .

[0059] Step S103: backfilling earth between the wall surface and the slope surface inside the retaining wall.

[0060] In this embodiment, by installing the filter box 202 and the permeable brick 203 on the inner wall of the retaining wall 101, when the water content of the slope is too high, it can penetrate through the permeable brick 203 and then flow out through the drain pipe. The filter box 202 is used to support the permeable brick 203 and can also filter the water. It is understandable that multiple permeable structures 200 can be set as needed to enhance the drainage capacity. Before the pre-buried drain pipe is installed, the two ends of the drain pipe need to be temporarily sealed to prevent the drain pipe from being blocked when the wall concrete is poured. During actual construction, plastic bags are usually used to wrap and tie the two ends of the drain pipe because the plastic bags can completely isolate water and other debris. The filter box 202 and the permeable brick 203 can be prefabricated in advance and can be factory-constructed. The quality of the prefabricated components is highly controllable, and the filter material, labor and machinery investment are greatly saved. The filter box can be a variety of structures, as long as it can accommodate the installation of the permeable brick. The following is a preferred implementation of a filter box, in which the filter box 202 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and includes only four side walls, and no box walls are installed in the other directions. This is to facilitate the placement of permeable bricks into the filter box 202 during subsequent installation. In this scheme, concrete permeable bricks 203 are preferred, which are concrete products made of river sand, cement, water, and a certain proportion of permeable agents. Compared with resin permeable bricks, ceramic permeable bricks, and gap permeable bricks, this product has low production costs, simple production processes, and easy operation. The permeable bricks 203 and geotextile play a role in reverse filtration and water permeability, which can save the construction of the filter layer behind the wall, are easy to install, save materials, and are environmentally friendly. In order to achieve better water permeability and avoid the adverse effects of the installation of the filter box 202 on the water permeability function, permeable holes are opened in the other three side walls of the filter box 202 except the top side wall, and no permeable holes are opened on the top side wall to avoid the permeable holes being blocked by impurities. In this way, the permeable brick 203 can be fixed, which is convenient for overall installation and does not hinder water permeability. The inclination slope of the drain pipe is 2° to 15°. Under this slope, the flood discharge effect is good and the impact on the downstream is small.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a slope fixing structure, a netting structure, a vegetation layer and a water-permeable structure. The netting structure comprises a protective net laid on the slope surface, the vegetation layer is sprayed on the slope surface, the slope fixing structure comprises a retaining wall built at the bottom of the slope, and the water-permeable structure comprises inner and outer drainage holes obliquely penetrating the retaining wall and water-permeable bricks installed on the inner wall surface of the retaining wall, and the water-permeable bricks are located at the water inlet of the drainage hole.

2. The high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope-fixing structure also includes a foundation layer and a support layer. The foundation layer is laid at the bottom of the slope. The retaining wall is vertically installed on the foundation layer. The retaining wall is arranged in a trapezoidal shape with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The support layer is laid on the foundation layer and abuts against the outer side of the retaining wall.

3. The high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base layer is paved with 300mm thick graded sand and gravel materials, and the supporting layer and the retaining wall are made of rubble stone masonry with cement mortar.

4. The high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope fixing structure also includes an anti-tilting member, which is composed of at least two rows of tension rod groups. Each row of the tension rod groups is composed of a plurality of tension rods, and the tension rods are all parallel to the bottom of the retaining wall.

5. The high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spacing between two adjacent rows of the tension rod groups is 0.5m-2m, the spacing between any two adjacent tension rods in each row of the tension rod groups is 10cm-50cm, and the depth of the tension rod embedded in the wall is 15cm-50cm.

6. The high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The retaining wall is provided with steel bars extending in a vertical direction, and the steel bars are fixedly connected to the anti-tilt member.

7. The high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetation layer comprises soil, peat soil, coconut husk and wood fiber.

8. The high and steep sandy slope ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inner wall surface of the retaining wall and the slope surface is A, 25°≤A≤35°.

9. A method for ecological restoration of high and steep sandy slopes, characterized in that: The steps include: Pre-treat the slope surface and build a slope-stabilizing structure at the bottom of the slope; Fixing the protective net on the slope surface, and spraying the vegetation layer on the slope surface where the protective net is laid; After the vegetation layer is sprayed, a protective layer is laid on the slope.

10. The method for ecological restoration of high and steep sandy slopes according to claim 9, characterized in that: The construction of slope stabilization structure at the bottom of the slope includes the following steps: A drainage pipe is pre-buried in the retaining wall to form a through drainage hole, wherein the drainage pipe obliquely penetrates the inner side and the outer side of the retaining wall, and one end of the drainage pipe located on the outer side of the retaining wall is lower; Prefabricate an inverted filter box and permeable bricks, install the inverted filter box on the inner wall of the retaining wall, and install the permeable bricks into the inverted filter box; Backfill earth between the wall surface and the slope surface on the inner side of the retaining wall.

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