Visual well repair operation method and operation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a visual well repair operation method and device. The visual well repair operation method comprises the following steps of lowering; anchoring is conducted; capturing, wherein a fishing structure of the underground tool string moves forwards to capture the fish; the method comprises the following steps: monitoring pressure information of a fishing structure, and judging whether the fishing structure captures a fish or not according to the pressure information; unfreezing: the fishing structure of the underground tool string moves backwards to fish up and down the fish; wherein tension information of the salvage structure is monitored, and whether the salvage structure carries out salvage and fish falling or not is judged according to the tension information; the anchoring short section is separated from the well wall, and anchoring is relieved; wherein anchoring pressure information in the anchoring short section is monitored, and the anchoring state of the anchoring short section is determined according to the anchoring pressure information; angular displacement information and advancing displacement information of a rotating shaft of the motor are monitored; and according to the angular displacement information, the advancing displacement information and the anchoring state, the working procedure state of the downhole tool string is determined. According to the invention, the underground tool string can be controlled to carry out fish fishing operation, and the fishing efficiency and accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas workover engineering, and in particular, to a visual workover operation method and operation device. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of oil and gas wells, due to downhole accidents and other reasons, the oil and gas wells cannot produce normally. Especially after downhole sticking and downhole falling objects occur, it will cause a reduction or even suspension of production of the oil and gas wells, and in severe cases, it will even lead to the abandonment of the oil and gas wells. As an important part of downhole operations, workover fishing operations can effectively handle downhole fish falling accidents and are an important measure to ensure the normal production of oilfields. At present, in China, the varieties and specifications of workover tools for conventional wells are complete, and the specification serialization has been basically achieved. However, in the process of conventional workover fishing operations, the development of fishing technology lags behind relatively. It is often necessary to infer whether the fish has been caught by the change in the traction force of the wellhead string. Since it is difficult to judge the specific downhole conditions, the difficulty of fishing for the fallen fish is great. In recent years, with the development of downhole television and downhole monitoring technologies, it has become possible to carry out downhole fishing by integrating the above technologies, which is a feasible innovative workover mode. At the same time, with the rapid expansion of the application scale of horizontal wells and the continuous increase of faulty wells, the string is misaligned during the fishing process of horizontal wells, and the axial force transmission is complex. It is even more difficult to judge the downhole conditions only by the change in the force on the wellhead string. Therefore, it is an urgent need for fishing operations to have the function of visualizing downhole working conditions.

[0003] Common fishing methods mainly include: moving string method, shock method, cutting method, mechanical back-off method, milling method, etc. Existing fishing technologies often require construction personnel to handle accidents relying on experience. The fishing process is not visual, and it is impossible to accurately judge the situation of the fallen fish in the hole before fishing and during the fishing process after the measures are implemented, and it is impossible to improve the fishing plan in a timely manner according to specific downhole conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual workover operation method and operation device to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to judge downhole conditions only by the change in the force on the wellhead string during current fishing operations, resulting in great difficulty in fishing for the fallen fish.

[0005] The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for visual workover operations, comprising the following steps: Lowering: Lowering a downhole tool string to a designated operation position in the well; Anchoring: Anchoring an anchor short section of the downhole tool string to the wellbore wall; Capturing: A motor of the downhole tool string drives a fishing structure of the downhole tool string forward through a transmission structure to capture a fish that has fallen; wherein, the pressure information of the fishing structure is monitored, and whether the fishing structure has captured the fish is judged according to the pressure information; Unsticking: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure of the downhole tool string backward through a transmission structure to fish up the fallen fish; wherein, the tensile information of the fishing structure is monitored, and whether the fishing structure has fished up the fallen fish is judged according to the tensile information; Releasing the anchor: Separating the anchor short section from the wellbore wall to release the anchoring; wherein, the anchoring pressure information in the anchor short section is monitored, and the anchoring state of the anchor short section is determined according to the anchoring pressure information; Monitoring the angular displacement information and the traveling displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor; Determining the process state of the downhole tool string according to the angular displacement information, the traveling displacement information and the anchoring state.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the lowering step comprises: Lowering the downhole tool string until the fishing structure of the downhole tool string approaches the fallen fish; wherein, a downhole video module approaches the fishing end of the fishing structure to collect first image information, and whether the fishing structure approaches the fallen fish is judged according to the first image information.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, after the anchoring step and before the capturing step, the following steps are further included: Retrieving: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure of the downhole tool string forward through a transmission structure until the downhole video module abuts against the fallen fish, causing the downhole video module to move backward.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the capturing step further comprises: The downhole video module collects second image information of the fishing end of the fishing structure capturing the fallen fish inside the fishing structure, and whether the fishing structure has captured the fallen fish is judged according to the second image information.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the unsticking step further comprises: The downhole video module collects third image information of the fishing end of the fishing structure fishing up the fallen fish inside the fishing structure, and whether the fishing structure has fished up the fallen fish is judged according to the third image information.

[0011] The present invention also provides a visual workover operation device, comprising: a host computer; a cable, one end of which located on the ground is electrically connected to the host computer; a downhole tool string, including a fishing structure and a communication sub, a measurement and control sub, a force increasing sub, and an anchoring sub connected in sequence. One end of the cable located downhole is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub through the communication sub. The force increasing sub includes a motor and a transmission structure. The motor is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub. The rear end of the transmission structure is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and the front end of the transmission structure passes through the anchoring sub and is connected to the fishing structure; a visualization mechanism, installed on the downhole tool string, is electrically connected to the communication sub, and can obtain the working information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process and transmit the working information to the host computer through the communication sub; wherein, the working information includes image information, mechanical information and / or displacement information.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure, which is used to obtain the mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the virtual visualization structure includes an optoelectronic encoder, a hydraulic sensor, and a tension and compression sensor. The optoelectronic encoder is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor and is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub. The hydraulic sensor is installed in the anchor cavity of the anchoring sub, and the tension and compression sensor is installed on the fishing structure; the mechanical information includes the pressure information in the anchor cavity obtained by the hydraulic sensor and the force information of the fishing structure obtained by the tension and compression sensor, and the displacement information includes the angular displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor obtained by the optoelectronic encoder and the traveling displacement information of the fishing structure generated by processing the angular displacement information.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the visualization mechanism includes an image visualization structure, which is used to obtain the image information of the fishing structure and / or the fish during the fishing process.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, the image visualization structure includes an elastic telescopic structure, a recovery chamber, and a downhole TV module. The recovery chamber is installed in the fishing structure. The rear end of the elastic telescopic structure is fixed inside the recovery chamber. The front end of the elastic telescopic structure is connected to the downhole TV module, and the downhole TV module is electrically connected to the communication short joint. A limiting member capable of radial movement is provided on the recovery chamber. The limiting member abuts against the downhole TV module to limit the elastic telescopic structure to be installed in the recovery chamber in a stretched state, and the image acquisition end of the downhole TV module is arranged close to the fishing end of the fishing structure. Wherein, when the downhole TV module moves forward with the fishing structure to a state of abutting against the fish, the limiting member can give way under the extrusion of the downhole TV module, so that the front end of the elastic telescopic structure elastically retracts and drives the downhole TV module to move into the recovery chamber.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the image visualization structure further includes a communication module and a battery module. The downhole TV module is electrically connected to the communication short joint through the communication module, and the battery is installed in the fishing structure and electrically connected to the downhole TV module.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the force-increasing short joint further includes a force-increasing short joint housing. The force-increasing short joint housing is connected to the anchoring short joint. The motor and the transmission structure are installed inside the force-increasing short joint housing. The transmission structure includes a coupling, a transmission lead screw, a transmission nut, and a push rod. The rotating shaft of the motor is connected to the rear end of the transmission lead screw through the coupling. The front end of the transmission lead screw is connected to the rear end of the push rod through the transmission nut, and the transmission nut is slidably matched with the force-increasing short joint housing along the axial direction of the force-increasing short joint. The front end of the push rod passes through the anchoring short joint and is connected to the fishing structure.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, a crawler short joint is connected between the measurement and control short joint and the force-increasing short joint. The crawler short joint is used to drive the downhole tool string to move in a horizontal well.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present invention, the visual well workover device further includes a cable lowering vehicle. The cable is wound on the cable lowering vehicle, and the cable lowering vehicle can control the lowering of the cable.

[0020] The features and advantages of the present invention are:

[0021] The visual workover operation device of the present invention installs a visual structure on the downhole tool string, uses the visual structure to obtain the working information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process, and transmits the working information to the upper computer on the ground through a communication sub-section for processing and analysis. Furthermore, the downhole tool string can be controlled to perform the fishing operation of the fish to be fished according to the result after the upper computer processes and analyzes, so as to improve the fishing efficiency and accuracy.

[0022] The visual workover operation device and operation method of the present invention utilize a virtual visual structure to obtain the mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process. By analyzing and processing the mechanical information and displacement information, the virtual visual monitoring of the working state of the downhole tool string can be realized, and then real-time intervention can be carried out to ensure that the fishing structure captures and lifts the fish to be fished.

[0023] The visual workover operation device and operation method of the present invention utilize an image visual structure to obtain the image information of the fishing structure and / or the fish to be fished during the fishing process. By analyzing and processing the image information, the image visual monitoring of the working state of the downhole tool string can be realized, and then real-time intervention can be carried out to ensure that the fishing structure captures and lifts the fish to be fished. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the visual workover operation device in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the virtual visual structure in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow diagram of using the virtual visual structure to fish for the fish to be fished in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the image visual structure in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic flow diagram of using the image visual structure to fish for the fish to be fished in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 1. Upper computer; 2. Cable lowering vehicle; 3. Cable;

[0032] 4. Communication sub - section; 5. Measurement and control sub - section; 6. Crawler sub - section;

[0033] 7. Force - increasing sub - section; 71. Force - increasing sub - section housing; 72. Motor; 73. Transmission structure; 731. Coupling; 732. Transmission lead screw; 733. Transmission nut; 734. Push rod;

[0034] 8. Anchoring sub - section; 81. Anchoring sub - section housing; 82. Anchor claw;

[0035] 9. Fishing structure; 91. Fishing barrel connecting rod; 92. Fishing barrel; 93. Fishing housing;

[0036] 10. Fishing object;

[0037] 111. Photoelectric encoder; 112. Hydraulic sensor; 113. Tensile - compressive sensor;

[0038] 121. Communication module; 122. Battery module; 123. Recovery cabin; 124. Elastic telescopic structure; 125. Limiting part; 126. Downhole TV module;

[0039] 13. Wellbore wall. Specific implementation mode

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Implementation mode one

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a visual well - workover operation device, including: a host computer 1; a cable 3, one end of which located on the ground is electrically connected to the host computer 1; a downhole tool string, including a fishing structure 9 and a communication sub - section 4, a measurement and control sub - section 5, a force - increasing sub - section 7, and an anchoring sub - section 8 connected in sequence. One end of the cable 3 located downhole is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub - section 5 through the communication sub - section 4. The force - increasing sub - section 7 includes a motor 72 and a transmission structure 73. The motor 72 is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub - section 5. The rear end of the transmission structure 73 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 72. The front end of the transmission structure 73 passes through the anchoring sub - section 8 and is connected to the fishing structure 9; a visualization mechanism, installed on the downhole tool string, is electrically connected to the communication sub - section 4, and can obtain the working information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process and transmit the working information to the host computer 1 through the communication sub - section 4.

[0043] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the visual workover operation device of the present invention installs a visual structure on the downhole tool string, uses the visual structure to obtain the working information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process, and transmits the working information to the upper computer 1 on the ground through the communication sub-section 4 for processing and analysis. Furthermore, the fishing operation of the fish 10 can be controlled according to the result after the upper computer 1 processes and analyzes, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of fishing.

[0044] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the working information includes but is not limited to at least one of image information, mechanical information, and displacement information. The visual workover operation device further includes a cable lowering vehicle 2, the cable 3 is wound on the cable lowering vehicle 2, and the cable lowering vehicle 2 can control the lowering of the cable 3. One end of the cable 3 located downhole is connected to the communication sub-section through a cable 3 pony head. The cable 3 is used to supply power to the motor 72 of the force increasing sub-section 7 and perform two-way signal transmission, for example, transmitting the control instruction issued by the upper computer 1 to the downhole tool string and uploading the working information collected by the visual mechanism to the upper computer 1. In addition, in order for the visual workover operation device of the present invention to be applied to horizontal wells, a crawler sub-section 6 is connected between the measurement and control sub-section 5 and the force increasing sub-section 7, and the crawler sub-section 6 is used to drive the downhole tool string to move in the horizontal well. Among them, the specific structures of the communication sub-section 4, the measurement and control sub-section 5, and the anchoring sub-section 8 are the same as those in the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0045] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the force increasing sub-section 7 further includes a force increasing sub-section housing 71. The two ends of the force increasing sub-section housing 71 are connected to the anchoring sub-section 8 and the crawler sub-section 6. The motor 72 and the transmission structure 73 are installed in the force increasing sub-section housing 71. The transmission structure 73 includes a coupling 731, a transmission lead screw 732, a transmission nut 733, and a push rod 734. The rotating shaft of the motor 72 is connected to the rear end of the transmission lead screw 732 through the coupling 731. The front end of the transmission lead screw 732 is connected to the rear end of the push rod 734 through the transmission nut 733, and the transmission nut 733 is slidably matched with the force increasing sub-section housing 71 along the axial direction of the force increasing sub-section 7. The front end of the push rod 734 passes through the anchoring sub-section 8 and is connected to the fishing structure 9. The transmission nut 733 drives the transmission lead screw 732 to rotate through the motor 72, and through the axial sliding fit limit between the transmission nut 733 and the force increasing sub-section housing 71, the circumferential rotation of the transmission lead screw 732 is converted into the axial movement of the transmission nut 733, thereby driving the push rod 734 to move synchronously along the axial direction of the force increasing sub-section 7 (i.e., the axial direction of the downhole tool string). The fishing structure 9 can also move along the axial direction of the downhole tool string under the drive of the push rod 734, so as to capture the fish 10 by moving forward along the axial direction. Furthermore, the fishing structure 9 drives the fish 10 to move backward along the axial direction by using the pulling force provided by the force increasing sub-section 7, and unclamps the fish 10 (i.e., pulls out the fish 10).

[0046] Specifically, the transmission nut 733 and the power - increasing short - joint housing 71 are slidably mated along the axial direction of the power - increasing short - joint 7 through a guiding sliding structure. The guiding sliding structure includes a guiding chute and a guide rail extending along the axial direction of the power - increasing short - joint 7. One of them is arranged on the outer wall surface of the transmission nut 733, and the other is arranged on the inner wall surface of the power - increasing short - joint housing 71. The coupling 731 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 72 and the transmission lead screw 732 through a spline structure to ensure the transmission of large torque. The motor 72 is a high - temperature motor 72. The push rod 734 can also be connected to the power - increasing short - joint housing 71 through a linear bearing.

[0047] Such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure. The virtual visualization structure is used to obtain the mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process. By using the virtual visualization structure to obtain the mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process, and through the analysis and processing of the mechanical information and displacement information, the virtual visualization monitoring of the working state of the downhole tool string can be realized, and then real - time intervention can be carried out to ensure that the fishing structure 9 captures and lifts the fish - down 10.

[0048] Specifically, the mechanical information and displacement information can be directly detected by mechanical sensors and displacement sensors to obtain the mechanical information and displacement information, or can be the mechanical information and displacement information generated by further analysis and processing of the detected information.

[0049] Such as Figure 2 As shown, the virtual visualization structure includes an optical - electric encoder 111, a hydraulic sensor 112, and a tension - compression sensor 113. The optical - electric encoder 111 is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor 72 and is electrically connected to the measurement and control short - joint 5. The hydraulic sensor 112 is installed in the anchor cavity of the anchor short - joint 8. The tension - compression sensor 113 is installed on the fishing structure 9. The mechanical information includes the pressure information in the anchor cavity obtained by the hydraulic sensor 112 and the force information of the fishing structure 9 obtained by the tension - compression sensor 113. The displacement information includes the angular displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor 72 obtained by the optical - electric encoder 111 and the traveling displacement information of the fishing structure 9 generated according to the angular displacement information.

[0050] Specifically, the anchor short section 8 includes an anchor short section housing 81 and a plurality of anchor claws 82 provided on the anchor short section housing 81. The plurality of anchor claws 82 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the anchor short section 8. A sealed anchor cavity (i.e., a hydraulic cavity) is formed inside the anchor short section housing 81. When the pressure in the anchor cavity increases, the anchor claws 82 can be continuously pushed out, and then can be supported on the wellbore wall 13 to achieve anchoring; when the pressure in the anchor cavity decreases, the anchor claws 82 can be retracted, and then separated from the wellbore wall 13 to release the anchoring. In addition, the anchor short section 8 can adjust the coaxiality of the downhole tool string and the fish 10 by controlling the extended lengths of the multiple anchors in the circumferential direction. The fishing structure 9 includes a fishing barrel connecting rod 91 and a fishing barrel 92. The rear end of the fishing barrel connecting rod 91 extends into the anchor short section housing 81 and is connected to the front end of the push rod 734. The front end of the fishing barrel connecting rod 91 is connected to the fishing barrel 92. The tension and compression sensor 113 is installed inside the anchor short section housing 81 and is connected to the fishing barrel connecting rod 91.

[0051] Wherein, a hydraulic cavity is also provided inside the anchor short section 8. A piston that can float up and down is provided inside the hydraulic cavity. The piston is fixed on the push rod 734. The anchor cavity is connected to the hydraulic cavity through a control valve. When it is necessary to control the anchor short section 8 to be in the anchored state, the control valve is adjusted to the open state, and then the motor 72 is controlled to rotate forward to drive the push rod 734 to retreat, so that the piston retreats synchronously (i.e., moves toward the side close to the anchor cavity), and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cavity is compressed and flows into the anchor cavity through the control valve. The anchor claws 82 extend from the anchor short section housing 81 and are anchored on the wellbore wall 13. Then the control valve is adjusted to the closed state, so that the anchor short section 8 can maintain the anchored state; when it is necessary to capture the fish 10 in the anchored state, the control valve is kept in the closed state, and the motor 72 is controlled to rotate reversely to drive the push rod 734 to move forward; when it is necessary to release the blockage of the fish 10 in the anchored state, the control valve is kept in the closed state, and the motor 72 is controlled to rotate forward to drive the push rod 734 to retreat; finally, when it is necessary to release the anchoring, the control valve is adjusted to the open state, the motor 72 rotates reversely to drive the push rod 734 to move forward, and the piston also moves forward synchronously to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic cavity. The hydraulic oil in the anchor cavity flows back to the hydraulic cavity through the control valve, and the anchor claws 82 retract and separate from the wellbore wall 13.

[0052] Therefore, by arranging a hydraulic sensor 112 in the anchor cavity to obtain the pressure information of the anchor cavity, the anchoring state of the anchoring sub 8 can be judged according to the pressure information. The angular displacement information obtained by the photoelectric encoder 111 includes, but is not limited to, the rotation speed, rotation angle, and number of rotation turns of the rotating shaft of the motor 72. Furthermore, according to the angular displacement information and the dimensional information of the connecting thread between the transmission lead screw 732 and the transmission nut 733, the traveling displacement information of the fishing structure 9 (i.e., the axial movement information of the transmission nut 733) can be processed and generated. The force information obtained by the tension and compression sensor 113 includes the pressure information when the fishing structure 9 is under pressure and the tension information when the fishing structure 9 is under tension. Among them, the pressure information is the magnitude of the pressure exerted on the fishing structure 9 when the force increasing sub 7 presses down the fishing structure 9 to enable the fishing structure 9 to capture the fish 10. When this pressure increases, it indicates that the fishing structure 9 has captured the fish 10. The tension information is the magnitude of the tension exerted on the fishing structure 9 when the force increasing sub 7 pulls out the fishing structure 9 to release the stuck fish 10. When this tension increases to a certain value and then no longer changes or changes little, it indicates that the fishing structure 9 has pulled out the fish 10.

[0053] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, in some other embodiments of the present invention, the visualization mechanism includes an image visualization structure, and the image visualization structure is used to obtain the image information of the fishing structure 9 and / or the fish 10 during the fishing process. By using the image visualization structure to obtain the image information of the fishing structure 9 and / or the fish 10 during the fishing process, through analyzing and processing this image information, the image visualization monitoring of the working state of the downhole tool string can be realized, and then real-time intervention can be carried out to ensure that the fishing structure 9 captures and lifts the fish 10.

[0054] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the image visualization structure includes an elastic telescopic structure 124, a recovery chamber 123, and a downhole TV module 126. The recovery chamber 123 is installed in the fishing structure 9. The rear end of the elastic telescopic structure 124 is fixed in the recovery chamber 123. The front end of the elastic telescopic structure 124 is connected to the downhole TV module 126. The downhole TV module 126 is electrically connected to the communication sub 4. A limiting member 125 capable of radial movement is provided on the recovery chamber 123. The limiting member 125 abuts against the downhole TV module 126 to limit the elastic telescopic structure 124 to be installed in the recovery chamber 123 in a stretched state, and the image acquisition end of the downhole TV module 126 is arranged close to the fishing end of the fishing structure 9. Among them, when the downhole TV module 126 moves forward with the fishing structure 9 to a state of abutting against the fish 10, the limiting member 125 can give way under the extrusion of the downhole TV module 126, so that the front end of the elastic telescopic structure 124 elastically retracts and drives the downhole TV module 126 to move into the recovery chamber 123.

[0055] By setting the limit member 125, during the lowering process of the downhole tool string, the image acquisition end of the downhole TV module 126 can first approach the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 to obtain the image information ahead. By analyzing and processing this image information, it can accurately determine whether the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 is approaching the fish 10 ahead, and the lowering speed can be reduced after approaching to avoid the downhole TV module 126 colliding with the fish 10 due to too fast a lowering speed. Furthermore, when the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 gradually approaches the fish 10 and the downhole TV module 126 contacts the fish 10, the downhole TV module 126 will be slightly squeezed by the fish 10 and push the limit member 125 backward to make way, causing the front end of the elastic telescopic structure 124 in the original stretched state to elastically retract and drive the downhole TV module 126 to quickly retract into the recovery chamber 123. On the one hand, it can avoid the downhole TV module 126 being damaged by the continuous extrusion of the fish 10. On the other hand, after being retracted into the recovery chamber 123, it can better collect the image information of the fish 10 in front and the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 during the subsequent working process. Then, by processing this image information, it can accurately determine whether the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 has captured the fish 10 and whether it has lifted the fish 10, that is, the fish 10 is unjammed and can move together with the fishing structure 9.

[0056] Specifically, the image visualization structure further includes a communication module 121 and a battery module 122. The downhole TV module 126 is electrically connected to the communication sub-section 4 through the communication module 121. The battery is installed in the fishing structure 9 and is electrically connected to the downhole TV module 126. The communication module 121 is electrically connected to the downhole TV module 126 through a video wire. The communication module 121 is used to receive the image information of the downhole TV module 126 and transmit this image information to the communication sub-section 4. The battery module 122 is used to supply power to the downhole TV module 126. The fishing structure 9 includes a fishing outer shell 93 and a fishing cylinder 92. The battery module 122 includes at least one battery installed in the fishing outer shell 93. The recovery chamber 123 is installed in the fishing cylinder 92. The rear end of the recovery chamber 123 is threadedly connected and fixed to the front end of the fishing outer shell 93 through a joint. The rear end of the fishing cylinder 92 is fixed to the joint. The image acquisition end of the downhole TV module 126 (i.e., the front end of the downhole TV module 126 provided with a camera) is provided with an anti-collision flap to prevent the lens of the camera from being damaged during the lowering process. The limit member 125 is preferably installed on the recovery chamber 123 through an elastic member arranged along the radial direction of the recovery chamber 123. One end of the limit member 125 can abut against the rear end of the downhole TV module 126. When the downhole TV module 126 is lowered with the fishing structure 9 until it contacts the fish 10, the downhole TV module 126 can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and push the limit member 125 away under the slight extrusion of the fish 10, thereby causing the elastic telescopic structure 124 to retract.

[0057] In some further embodiments of the present invention, the visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure and an image visualization structure. The specific structures of the virtual visualization structure and the image visualization structure are the same as those in the above embodiments and will not be described in detail herein. During the process of fishing for the fish-down 10 with the downhole tool string, mechanical information, displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process, and image information of the fishing structure 9 and / or the fish-down 10 are obtained simultaneously. Thus, an accurate judgment of the state of the fish-down 10 and the fishing state can be achieved based on the mechanical information, displacement information, and image information. Furthermore, the downhole tool string can be adjusted in real time according to the state of the fish-down 10 and the fishing state, thereby improving the fishing efficiency of the downhole tool string.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the present invention also provides a visualization workover operation method, which can be implemented by using the visualization workover operation device in Embodiment 1.

[0060] The visualization workover operation method of the present invention includes the following steps: Lowering: Lower the downhole tool string to a designated operation position in the well; Anchoring: Anchor the anchor sub 8 of the downhole tool string to the wellbore 13; Capturing: The motor 72 of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure 9 of the downhole tool string to move forward through the transmission structure 73 to capture the fish-down 10; wherein, monitor the pressure information of the fishing structure 9 and judge whether the fishing structure 9 captures the fish-down 10 according to the pressure information; Unsticking: The motor 72 of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure 9 of the downhole tool string to move backward through the transmission structure 73 to lift the fish-down 10; wherein, monitor the tensile information of the fishing structure 9 and judge whether the fishing structure 9 lifts the fish-down 10 according to the tensile information; Unanchoring: Separate the anchor sub 8 from the wellbore 13 to release the anchoring; wherein, monitor the anchoring pressure information in the anchor sub 8 and determine the anchoring state of the anchor sub 8 according to the anchoring pressure information; Monitor the angular displacement information and the traveling displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor 72; Determine the process state of the downhole tool string according to the angular displacement information, the traveling displacement information, and the anchoring state. Herein, the process state refers to the current working state of the downhole tool string to judge whether the current step is completed and the next step can be carried out.

[0061] Combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the lowering step includes: Lower the downhole tool string until the fishing structure 9 of the downhole tool string is close to the fish-down 10; wherein, the downhole TV module 126 is close to the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 to collect the first image information, and judge whether the fishing structure 9 is close to the fish-down 10 according to the first image information.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, after the anchoring step and before the capturing step, the following steps are further included: Recovery: The motor 72 of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure 9 of the downhole tool string to move forward through the transmission structure 73 until the downhole video module 126 abuts against the fish 10, causing the downhole video module 126 to move backward.

[0063] Among them, the capturing step further includes: The downhole video module 126 collects second image information of the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 capturing the fish 10 within the fishing structure 9, and determines whether the fishing structure 9 has captured the fish 10 based on the second image information; the fish releasing step further includes: The downhole video module 126 collects third image information of the fishing end of the fishing structure 9 retrieving the fish 10 within the fishing structure 9, and determines whether the fishing structure 9 has retrieved the fish 10 based on the third image information; Anchor releasing: Separate the anchoring sub-section 8 from the wellbore 13 to release the anchoring.

[0064] Specifically, in the lowering step, it can be first lowered into the horizontal well through the cable 3, and then cooperate with the crawler sub-section 6 to move forward to the designated operation position, that is, to make the fishing barrel 92 of the fishing structure 9 be located at a position near the rear of the fish 10; in the anchoring step, the motor 72 rotates forward to drive the push rod 734 to move backward a certain distance, so that the anchor claws 82 of the anchoring sub-section 8 extend and are anchored on the wellbore 13; in the capturing step, the motor 72 rotates in reverse to push the push rod 734 forward, so that the fishing barrel 92 captures the fish 10; in the fish releasing step, the motor 72 rotates forward to drive the push rod 734 to move backward, so that the fishing structure 9 releases and pulls out the fish 10; in the anchor releasing step, the motor 72 rotates in reverse to push the push rod 734 forward, so that the anchor claws 82 of the anchoring sub-section 8 retract and separate from the wellbore 13 to release the anchoring; finally, the cable 3 is wound up to pull the downhole tool string and the fish 10 out of the well together.

[0065] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention according to the content disclosed in the application documents.

Claims

1. A visual workover operation method, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Lowering: Lower the downhole tool string to the specified operation position in the well; Anchoring: Anchor the anchoring sub-section of the downhole tool string to the well wall; Capturing: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure of the downhole tool string to move forward through a transmission structure to capture the fish that has fallen; wherein, monitor the pressure information of the fishing structure, and judge whether the fishing structure has captured the fish according to the pressure information; Unsticking: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure of the downhole tool string to move backward through a transmission structure to lift the fallen fish; wherein, monitor the tensile information of the fishing structure, and judge whether the fishing structure has lifted the fallen fish according to the tensile information; Releasing the anchor: Separate the anchoring sub-section from the well wall to release the anchoring; Wherein, monitor the anchoring pressure information in the anchoring sub-section, determine the anchoring state of the anchoring sub-section according to the anchoring pressure information; monitor the angular displacement information and the traveling displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor; determine the process state of the downhole tool string according to the angular displacement information, the traveling displacement information and the anchoring state.

2. The visual workover operation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lowering step includes: Lower the downhole tool string until the fishing structure of the downhole tool string is close to the fallen fish; wherein, the downhole TV module is close to the fishing end of the fishing structure to collect the first image information, and judge whether the fishing structure is close to the fallen fish according to the first image information.

3. The visual workover operation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, after the anchoring step and before the capturing step, it also includes the following steps: Retrieving: The motor of the downhole tool string drives the fishing structure of the downhole tool string to move forward through a transmission structure until the downhole TV module abuts against the fallen fish, and then the downhole TV module moves backward.

4. The visual workover operation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the capturing step further includes: The downhole TV module collects the second image information of the fishing end of the fishing structure capturing the fallen fish inside the fishing structure, and judge whether the fishing structure has captured the fallen fish according to the second image information.

5. The visual workover operation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the unsticking step further includes: The downhole TV module collects the third image information of the fishing end of the fishing structure lifting the fallen fish inside the fishing structure, and judge whether the fishing structure has lifted the fallen fish according to the third image information.

6. A visual workover operation device, characterized in that, it includes: A host computer; A cable, one end of which located on the ground is electrically connected to the host computer; Downhole tool string, including a fishing structure and a communication sub, a measurement and control sub, a force-increasing sub, and an anchoring sub connected in sequence. One end of the cable located downhole is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub through the communication sub. The force-increasing sub includes a motor and a transmission structure. The motor is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub. The rear end of the transmission structure is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor. The front end of the transmission structure passes through the anchoring sub and is connected to the fishing structure; Visualization mechanism, installed on the downhole tool string. The visualization mechanism is electrically connected to the communication sub and can obtain the working information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process and transmit the working information to the upper computer through the communication sub. Among them, the working information includes image information, mechanical information, and / or displacement information.

7. The visualization workover device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the visualization mechanism includes a virtual visualization structure, and the virtual visualization structure is used to obtain the mechanical information and displacement information of the downhole tool string during the fishing process.

8. The visualization workover device according to claim 7, characterized in that, the virtual visualization structure includes an optoelectronic encoder, a hydraulic sensor, and a tension and compression sensor. The optoelectronic encoder is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor and is electrically connected to the measurement and control sub. The hydraulic sensor is installed in the anchor cavity of the anchoring sub. The tension and compression sensor is installed on the fishing structure; the mechanical information includes the pressure information in the anchor cavity obtained by the hydraulic sensor and the force information of the fishing structure obtained by the tension and compression sensor. The displacement information includes the angular displacement information of the rotating shaft of the motor obtained by the optoelectronic encoder and the traveling displacement information of the fishing structure generated by processing the angular displacement information.

9. The visualization workover device according to claim 6, characterized in that, the visualization mechanism includes an image visualization structure, and the image visualization structure is used to obtain the image information of the fishing structure and / or the fish during the fishing process.

10. The visualization workover device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the image visualization structure includes an elastic telescopic structure, a recovery chamber, and a downhole TV module. The recovery chamber is installed inside the fishing structure. The rear end of the elastic telescopic structure is fixed inside the recovery chamber. The front end of the elastic telescopic structure is connected to the downhole TV module. The downhole TV module is electrically connected to the communication sub; The recovery chamber is provided with a limiting member that can move radially. The limiting member abuts against the downhole TV module to limit the elastic telescopic structure to be installed in the recovery chamber in a stretched state, and the image acquisition end of the downhole TV module is arranged close to the fishing end of the fishing structure; Among them, when the downhole TV module moves forward with the fishing structure to a state of abutting against the fish, the limiting member can give way under the extrusion of the downhole TV module, so that the front end of the elastic telescopic structure elastically retracts and drives the downhole TV module to move into the recovery chamber.

11. The visual workover device according to claim 10, characterized in that, the image visualization structure further includes a communication module and a battery module. The downhole TV module is electrically connected to the communication short circuit through the communication module, and the battery is installed in the fishing structure and electrically connected to the downhole TV module.

12. The visual workover device according to any one of claims 6-11, characterized in that, the force-increasing sub-section further includes a force-increasing sub-section housing, the force-increasing sub-section housing is connected to the anchoring sub-section, the motor and the transmission structure are installed in the force-increasing sub-section housing, and the transmission structure includes a coupling, a transmission lead screw, a transmission nut and a push rod; the rotating shaft of the motor is connected to the rear end of the transmission lead screw through the coupling, the front end of the transmission lead screw is connected to the rear end of the push rod through the transmission nut, and the transmission nut is slidably matched with the force-increasing sub-section housing along the axial direction of the force-increasing sub-section, and the front end of the push rod passes through the anchoring sub-section and is connected to the fishing structure.

13. The visual workover device according to any one of claims 6-11, characterized in that, a crawler sub-section is connected between the measurement and control sub-section and the force-increasing sub-section, and the crawler sub-section is used to drive the downhole tool string to move in the horizontal well.

14. The visual workover device according to any one of claims 6-11, characterized in that, the visual workover device further includes a cable lowering vehicle, the cable is wound on the cable lowering vehicle, and the cable lowering vehicle can control the lowering of the cable.

Images