Near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of measurement while drilling, and provides a near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement while drilling imaging device and method. The device comprises a resistivity measuring unit, a monitoring and identifying unit, an orientation measuring unit and an imaging unit, the resistivity measuring unit is arranged in a plurality of grooves of a cardan shaft assembly outer shell of the screw drill, a transmitting coil in the resistivity measuring unit is arranged on the upper portion of the cardan shaft assembly outer shell, and a receiving coil in the resistivity measuring unit is adjacent to a cardan shaft assembly deflecting and bending shell. And the adjusting unit adaptively adjusts an orientation electrode of the resistivity measuring unit according to the monitored real-time working condition. According to the embodiment of the invention, on the premise that only the modified and integrated screw drill is used for drilling, measurement while drilling and imaging of the near-bit azimuth resistivity are realized, the working mode of the resistivity measurement unit can be adaptively adjusted according to the working condition change of the screw drill, pre-drilling installation and debugging are facilitated, and the drilling efficiency is improved. Therefore, imaging precision, equipment endurance, debugging cost and transformation cost are considered in the drilling process, and accurate geosteering is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the technical field of measurement while drilling, and particularly to an azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device and method near the bit. Background Art

[0002] Resistivity is an important formation physical parameter reflecting lithology and hydrocarbon-bearing property. In the project of exploring and developing oil and gas resources, measuring and analyzing the resistivity of reservoirs is a conventional and important means to evaluate the oil and gas distribution in oil and gas reservoirs. Measurement while drilling resistivity has high real-time performance and high efficiency. It can minimize the influence of drilling fluid invading the formation on the measurement of formation resistivity, and is more accurate and timely for reservoir evaluation. Using the resistivity value while drilling to guide geological steering can keep the wellbore trajectory within the required reservoir, increase the ratio of the bit encountering oil and gas, and increase oil and gas production. Resistivity imaging refers to using measuring electrodes to measure the resistivity of each azimuth in the circumferential direction of the wellbore wall, and fitting the measurement results into an image represented by resistivity values to reflect the formation occurrence and lithology resistivity characteristics, and then conducting structural analysis, fracture analysis and reservoir analysis. The application of resistivity imaging technology can improve the success rate of oil reservoir detection and reduce the cost of drilling engineering. Combining the drilling trajectory orientation with geological oil and gas distribution parameters increases the oil and gas production of petroleum engineering and provides new and effective technical support for exploiting complex geological oil reservoirs.

[0003] In the construction of directional wells and horizontal wells, a positive displacement motor is usually used as a downhole motor to connect the bit for drilling. The positive displacement motor mainly includes a bypass valve assembly, a motor assembly, a universal joint assembly and a drive shaft assembly, which converts the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid transported from the surface to the downhole into mechanical energy to drive the bit to break rock. Specifically, the positive displacement motor has two working conditions in directional well operations: directional drilling and compound drilling. During directional drilling, the drill string does not rotate and the motor provides torque for the bit, and the wellbore trajectory control is completed in combination with a bent housing; during compound drilling, the drill string rotates, and the torque provided by the rotary system of the rig and the torque generated by the motor are simultaneously applied to the bit to achieve rock-breaking drilling.

[0004] However, a positive displacement motor is an energy conversion device that converts the pressure energy of a liquid into the mechanical energy of the bit rotation. It is different from a rotary steerable tool that includes an electronic circuit and an action execution mechanism, and controls the action of the execution mechanism according to the instructions of the circuit to change the drilling direction of the bit. The positive displacement motor is not a complex mechatronic component. When it is necessary to use a positive displacement motor for drilling operations in multiple working conditions, the azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device in the rotary steerable tool cannot be directly applied to the positive displacement motor. The existing azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device is often an independent measurement and imaging device relative to the positive displacement motor. The independent measurement and imaging device results in a large distance between the build point and the bit, and the device has a long size, which is not suitable for near-bit measurement, and has the defect of being difficult to provide accurate formation information of azimuthal resistivity measurement while drilling.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a near-bit azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device. By modifying the existing positive displacement motor, azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling and imaging equipment is integrated near the bit of the positive displacement motor. There is no need to introduce equipment such as rotary steerable tools that greatly increase the construction cost, overcoming the defect that traditional independent measurement and imaging equipment makes it difficult to provide accurate azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling formation information, and it is applicable to the working condition changes of the positive displacement motor, having the advantage of being easy to install and debug. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the current azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging equipment applied to positive displacement motors, generally speaking, the distance between the build point and the bit is large, the equipment size is long, it is not suitable for near-bit measurement, there are defects such as the imaging measurement point of the azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling is far from the bit and the formation measurement is not timely, it is difficult to provide accurate azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling formation information, and when drilling operations with multiple working conditions need to be carried out using a positive displacement motor, the azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging equipment in the rotary steerable tool cannot be directly applied to the positive displacement motor. Therefore, this solution is proposed to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0007] On the one hand, the purpose of some embodiments of this specification is to provide a near-bit azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device, and the device includes: a positive displacement motor, a resistivity measurement unit, a monitoring and identification unit, an adjustment unit, an azimuth measurement unit, and an imaging unit;

[0008] A plurality of grooves are provided on the housing of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor;

[0009] The resistivity measurement unit, the monitoring and identification unit, the azimuth measurement unit, and the imaging unit are arranged in the plurality of grooves;

[0010] The resistivity measurement unit is used to measure formation resistivity information, including a plurality of azimuth electrodes, a transmitting coil, and a receiving coil;

[0011] Among them, each azimuth electrode occupies one groove, the grooves where each azimuth electrode is located are flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed in space along the axial center line of the housing of the universal joint assembly. The transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both sleeved in the annular groove, and the annular groove where the transmitting coil is located is axially arranged at the upper part of the housing of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor, and the annular groove where the receiving coil is located is axially arranged at the lower part of the housing of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor and is adjacent to the build bend housing of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor;

[0012] The plurality of grooves where the monitoring and identification unit, the adjustment unit, the azimuth measurement unit, and the imaging unit are located are all between the annular grooves where the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are located;

[0013] The monitoring and identification unit is used to monitor and identify the real-time working conditions of the positive displacement motor.

[0014] The adjustment unit is respectively connected to the monitoring and identification unit and the resistivity measurement unit, and is used to adjust the distribution of the azimuth electrodes for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit according to the real-time working conditions, so that the resistivity measurement unit adaptively adjusts the working mode according to the changes of the real-time working conditions.

[0015] The azimuth measurement unit is used to scan the downhole azimuth in real time and measure the downhole azimuth information.

[0016] The imaging unit is respectively connected to the azimuth measurement unit and the resistivity measurement unit, and is used to generate azimuth resistivity while-drilling imaging information according to the downhole azimuth information and the formation resistivity information.

[0017] Further, the real-time working conditions of the positive displacement motor include a stationary condition, a directional drilling condition, and a compound drilling condition.

[0018] Further, the monitoring and identification unit includes an angular velocity sensor; the angular velocity sensor is used to detect the angular motion data of the positive displacement motor to determine the current working condition of the positive displacement motor.

[0019] Further, the azimuth measurement unit includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, and an azimuth processor;

[0020] The three-axis acceleration sensor is used to measure the acceleration data of the positive displacement motor, and the three-axis geomagnetic sensor is used to measure the geomagnetic data;

[0021] The azimuth processor is respectively connected to the three-axis acceleration sensor and the three-axis geomagnetic sensor, and is used to calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information according to the acceleration data and the geomagnetic data.

[0022] Further, the azimuth measurement unit includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, and an azimuth processor;

[0023] The three-axis acceleration sensor is used to measure the acceleration data of the positive displacement motor, and the three-axis geomagnetic sensor is used to measure the geomagnetic data;

[0024] The azimuth processor is respectively connected to the three-axis acceleration sensor, the three-axis geomagnetic sensor and the monitoring and identification unit, and is used to calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information according to the acceleration data, the geomagnetic data and the angular motion data transmitted by the monitoring and identification unit.

[0025] Further, the adjustment unit further includes a control sub-unit and a switching sub-unit;

[0026] The control subunit controls the switching subunit according to the received real-time working conditions, so that the azimuth electrode switches between being electrically connected to and disconnected from the loop of the resistivity measurement unit, thereby adjusting the distribution of the azimuth electrodes used for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit.

[0027] Further, the resistivity measurement unit further includes:

[0028] A mutual inductance coil, disposed inside the azimuth electrode, for measuring the induced current to electrically isolate the azimuth electrode from the formation and measuring the azimuth resistivity according to the induced current.

[0029] On the other hand, some embodiments of the present specification further provide a method for measuring and imaging azimuth resistivity while drilling near the bit, which is applicable to the imaging unit in the near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement and imaging device described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The method includes:

[0030] Receiving the downhole azimuth information and the formation resistivity information;

[0031] Generating azimuth resistivity imaging information while drilling according to the downhole azimuth information and the formation resistivity information.

[0032] On the other hand, some embodiments of the present specification further provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory. When the computer program is run by the processor, it executes the instructions of the above method.

[0033] On the other hand, some embodiments of the present specification further provide a computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by the processor of the computer device, it executes the instructions of the above method.

[0034] One or more technical solutions provided by some embodiments of the present specification have at least the following technical effects:

[0035] On the premise that the embodiments of this specification are required to perform drilling operations under various working conditions using a positive displacement motor, a sub for realizing formation azimuth resistivity measurement and imaging is provided, which is integrated in the groove of the housing of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor. The drill bit is directly connected to the transmission shaft at the lower end of the positive displacement motor. Compared with the existing method of adding a measurement sub for azimuth resistivity between the lower end of the positive displacement motor and the drill bit, the distance between the build point and the drill bit is reduced, which is suitable for near-bit measurement and imaging. Moreover, the measured azimuth resistivity information can more accurately reflect the characteristics of the target formation, overcoming the defects of the conventional logging-while-drilling sub being far from the drill bit and the formation property measurement being untimely. In addition, the annular groove where the transmitting coil is located is axially arranged at the upper part of the housing of the universal joint assembly, and the annular groove where the receiving coil is located is axially arranged at the lower part of the housing of the universal joint assembly and is adjacent to the build bend housing of the positive displacement motor universal joint assembly. And the multiple grooves where the monitoring and identification unit, the adjustment unit, the azimuth measurement unit, and the imaging unit are located are all between the annular grooves where the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are located, which helps to improve the measurement accuracy of the azimuth resistivity, thereby improving the accurate geosteering effect, and has the advantage of being easy to install and debug before drilling. Furthermore, the monitoring and identification unit monitors the real-time working conditions of the positive displacement motor in real time and feeds back to the adjustment unit, so that the adjustment unit can adjust the distribution of the azimuth electrodes used for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit in real time, so that the resistivity measurement unit can adaptively adjust the working mode according to the changes of the real-time working conditions, which not only effectively ensures the endurance of the near-bit measurement and imaging sub, but also avoids the problem of the reduction of the logging-while-drilling imaging accuracy caused by the change of the working conditions of the positive displacement motor, and ensures accurate geosteering.

[0036] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of some embodiments of this specification. In order to be able to understand the technical means of some embodiments of this specification more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of some embodiments of this specification more obvious and understandable, the following specifically describes the specific implementation manners of some embodiments of this specification. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate some embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1a Fig. 1 shows a first structural schematic diagram of a near-bit azimuth resistivity logging-while-drilling imaging device in some embodiments of this specification;

[0039] Figure 1bShows a second schematic structural diagram of a near-bit azimuthal resistivity while-drilling measurement imaging device in some embodiments of this specification;

[0040] Figure 1c Shows a schematic layout diagram of azimuthal electrodes in some embodiments of this specification;

[0041] Figure 2a Is the first schematic structural diagram of an azimuthal measurement unit in some embodiments of this specification;

[0042] Figure 2b Is the second schematic structural diagram of an azimuthal measurement unit in some embodiments of this specification;

[0043] Figure 3 Is the schematic structural diagram of a resistivity measurement unit in some embodiments of this specification;

[0044] Figure 4 Is the schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a groove and a protective layer in some embodiments of this specification;

[0045] Figure 5a Is the schematic diagram of the connection relationship of an imaging unit in some embodiments of this specification;

[0046] Figure 5b Is the schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a resistivity measurement unit and a positive displacement motor in some embodiments of this specification;

[0047] Figure 6 Is the schematic structural diagram of the radial section of an azimuthal electrode in some embodiments of this specification;

[0048] Figure 7 Shows a schematic diagram of an implementation system of a near-bit azimuthal resistivity while-drilling measurement imaging method in some embodiments of this specification;

[0049] Figure 8 Shows a flowchart of a near-bit azimuthal resistivity while-drilling measurement imaging method in some embodiments of this specification;

[0050] Figure 9 Is the schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided in some embodiments of this specification.

[0051]

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0052] 100, Positive displacement motor;

[0053] 1001, Outer housing of the universal shaft assembly;

[0054] 1002, Groove;

[0055] 101, Resistivity measurement unit;

[0056] 1011, Transmitting coil;

[0057] 1012. Receiver coil;

[0058] 1013. Azimuth electrode;

[0059] 102. Monitoring and identification unit;

[0060] 103. Adjustment unit;

[0061] 104. Azimuth measurement unit;

[0062] 105. Imaging unit;

[0063] 106. Storage unit;

[0064] 107. Communication unit;

[0065] 401. Protective layer;

[0066] 501. Drill bit;

[0067] 502. Build-angle bending housing;

[0068] 701. Terminal;

[0069] 702. Server;

[0070] 902. Computer device;

[0071] 904. Processor;

[0072] 906. Memory;

[0073] 908. Driving mechanism;

[0074] 910. Input / output interface;

[0075] 912. Input device;

[0076] 914. Output device;

[0077] 916. Presentation device;

[0078] 918. Graphical user interface;

[0079] 920. Network interface;

[0080] 922. Communication link;

[0081] 924. Communication bus. Detailed implementation manner

[0082] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in some embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, rather than all of them. Based on some embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0083] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of this article are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this article described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, device, product or equipment that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0084] This specification provides method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, but based on routine or non-creative labor, it may include more or fewer operation steps. The step sequences listed in the embodiments are only one way among the execution sequences of numerous steps, and do not represent the only execution sequence. When the actual system or device product executes, it can be executed in the order shown in the embodiments or the drawings or executed in parallel.

[0085] Figure 1a is the first structural schematic diagram of a near-bit azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The device may include: a positive displacement motor 100, a resistivity measurement unit 101, a monitoring and identification unit 102, an adjustment unit 103, an azimuth measurement unit 104, and an imaging unit 105;

[0086] A plurality of grooves 1002 are provided on the housing 1001 of the universal shaft assembly of the positive displacement motor 100;

[0087] The resistivity measurement unit 101, the monitoring and identification unit 102, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105 are arranged in the plurality of grooves 1002;

[0088] The resistivity measurement unit 101 is used to measure formation resistivity information, including a plurality of azimuth electrodes 1013, a transmitting coil 1011, and a receiving coil 1012;

[0089] Among them, each azimuth electrode 1013 occupies a groove 1002. The grooves 1002 where the azimuth electrodes 1013 are located are flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed in space along the axial center line of the universal shaft assembly housing 1001. The transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are both sleeved in the annular grooves. The annular groove where the transmitting coil 1011 is located is axially arranged at the upper part of the universal shaft assembly housing 1001, and the annular groove where the receiving coil 1012 is located is axially arranged at the lower part of the universal shaft assembly housing 1001 and is adjacent to the deflecting housing of the positive displacement motor 100 universal shaft assembly;

[0090] The multiple grooves 1002 where the monitoring and identification unit 102, the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105 are located are all located between the annular grooves where the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are located;

[0091] The monitoring and identification unit 102 is used to monitor and identify the real-time working conditions of the positive displacement motor 100;

[0092] The adjustment unit 103 is respectively connected to the monitoring and identification unit 102 and the resistivity measurement unit 101, and is used to adjust the distribution of the azimuth electrodes 1013 for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit 101 according to the real-time working conditions, so that the resistivity measurement unit 101 adaptively adjusts the working mode according to the changes in the real-time working conditions;

[0093] The azimuth measurement unit 104 is used to scan the downhole azimuth in real time and measure the downhole azimuth information;

[0094] The imaging unit 105 is respectively connected to the azimuth measurement unit 104 and the resistivity measurement unit 101, and is used to generate azimuth resistivity while-drilling imaging information according to the downhole azimuth information and the formation resistivity information.

[0095] Under the premise that the embodiments of this specification require the use of the positive displacement motor 100 for drilling operations under various working conditions, a sub-section for realizing formation azimuth resistivity measurement and imaging is provided at the groove 1002 of the housing of the universal joint assembly integrated with the positive displacement motor 100. The drill bit is directly connected to the transmission shaft at the lower end of the positive displacement motor 100. Compared with the existing method of adding a measurement sub-section for azimuth resistivity between the lower end of the positive displacement motor 100 and the drill bit, the distance between the build point and the drill bit is reduced, which is suitable for near-bit measurement and imaging. Moreover, the azimuth resistivity information obtained by measurement can more accurately reflect the characteristics of the target formation, overcoming the defects of the conventional logging-while-drilling sub-section being far from the drill bit and the formation property measurement being untimely. In addition, the annular groove where the transmitting coil 1011 is located is axially arranged at the upper part of the housing of the universal joint assembly 1001, and the annular groove where the receiving coil 1012 is located is axially arranged at the lower part of the housing of the universal joint assembly 1001 and is adjacent to the build-bend housing of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor 100. And the multiple grooves 1002 where the monitoring and identification unit 102, the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105 are located are all between the annular grooves where the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are located, which helps to improve the measurement accuracy of azimuth resistivity, thereby improving the accurate geosteering effect, and has the advantage of being easy to install and debug before drilling. In addition, the monitoring and identification unit 102 monitors the real-time working conditions of the positive displacement motor 100 in real time and feeds them back to the adjustment unit 103, so that the adjustment unit 103 can adjust the distribution of the azimuth electrodes 1013 used for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit 101 in real time, so that the resistivity measurement unit 101 can adaptively adjust the working mode according to the change of the real-time working conditions, not only effectively ensuring the endurance of the near-bit measurement and imaging sub-section, but also avoiding the problem of the reduction of the logging-while-drilling imaging accuracy caused by the change of the working conditions of the positive displacement motor 100, and ensuring accurate geosteering.

[0096] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the positive displacement motor 100 is a downhole motor powered by drilling fluid and is a positive displacement motor. The working process of the positive displacement motor 100 is that the drilling fluid pumped out by the mud pump enters the motor of the positive displacement motor 100 from the drill string, forming a certain pressure difference at both ends of the motor, pushing the rotor of the motor to rotate, and transmitting the torque and speed to the drill bit through the universal joint and the transmission shaft. In oil and gas drilling, the positive displacement motor 100 is mainly used for drilling special process wells and can also be used for drilling vertical wells. The so-called special process wells refer to all other well types except conventional vertical wells, such as directional wells, high-angle wells, etc. For special process wells, the positive displacement motor 100 is commonly used for wellbore trajectory control operations, such as building a wellbore curve and correcting the wellbore trajectory.

[0097] Specifically, in some embodiments, the positive displacement motor 100 includes a bypass valve assembly, a motor assembly, a universal shaft assembly, and a drive shaft assembly. The bypass valve is an auxiliary component of the positive displacement motor 100. Its function is to communicate the space inside the drill string with the annulus when the pump is stopped, so as to avoid the drilling fluid inside the drill string overflowing and polluting the drill floor during tripping and connecting or replacing a single joint, which may affect normal operations. The motor assembly is the power component of the positive displacement motor 100. The function of the universal shaft is to convert the planar planetary motion of the motor rotor into the fixed-axis rotation of the drive shaft, and at the same time transfer the working torque of the motor to the drive shaft and the drill bit. The function of the drive shaft is to transmit the torque and rotational speed of the motor to the drill bit, and at the same time bear the axial force and radial force exerted by the formation on the drill bit during drilling. An azimuth resistivity measuring device is integrated at the outer housing 1001 of the universal shaft assembly. Compared with the bypass valve assembly, it is closer to the drill bit and has a more accurate geological guidance effect. Compared with the drive shaft assembly, it can withstand less pressure, and the drive shaft assembly is located between the deflecting bend housing and the drill bit, making it difficult to identify and measure the azimuth resistivity and sector information.

[0098] Further, in some embodiments, the outer housing of the universal shaft of the positive displacement motor is a cylindrical body with a certain bend angle itself. The axis lines of the two ends of the cylindrical body intersect and form a certain angle. During the drilling process, it needs to remain non-rotating, so as to achieve the drilling of the drill bit in a specific direction. It is a mechanical component, which is different from the rotary steerable tool. The steering head of the rotary steerable must control the support of the push arm or the eccentricity of the shaft head through the circuit system in the rotary steerable tool to achieve the drilling of the drill bit in a specific direction, and it is in a rotating state during the downhole operation process, and it is a complex mechatronic component.

[0099] Further, in some embodiments, the resistivity measuring unit 101 is used to measure the azimuth resistivity data and the average resistivity data of the formation drilled by the positive displacement motor 100 and the drill bit. Among them, the azimuth resistivity data is measured by the azimuth electrode 1013 and is the azimuth resistivity data with the formation boundary azimuth information. The average resistivity data refers to the average resistivity data of the formation between the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 measured by measuring the induced current of the receiving coil 1012 after the alternating current is emitted by the transmitting coil 1011 in the resistivity measuring unit 101. The azimuth measuring unit 104 is used to scan the downhole azimuth in real time and measure the downhole azimuth information, which can be understood as scanning the drilled formation in real time to obtain sector data under high rotational speed while drilling. The imaging unit 105 is used to perform data comprehensive processing on the formation resistivity information measured by the resistivity measuring unit 101 and the downhole azimuth information measured by the azimuth measuring unit 104 to obtain image data, so as to intuitively reflect the change of the formation resistivity information with the change of the drilled position.

[0100] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 1bWhen the resistivity measurement unit 101, the monitoring and identification unit 102, the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105 are arranged at multiple grooves 1002 of the universal joint assembly housing 1001 of the positive displacement motor 100, the resistivity measurement unit 101, the monitoring and identification unit 102, the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105 are fitted into the corresponding grooves 1002 with high conformity, thus ensuring the stability of the installation of each unit and the components therein.

[0101] Furthermore, in some embodiments, when there is only one azimuth electrode 1013 in the resistivity measurement unit 101, during the directional drilling of the positive displacement motor 100, only the near-bit azimuth resistivity in the direction corresponding to the azimuth electrode 1013 can be measured. When the positive displacement motor 100 rotates during drilling, the azimuth electrode 1013 also rotates. At this time, near-bit resistivity imaging measurement can be achieved. When there are multiple azimuth electrodes 1013 in the resistivity measurement unit 101, not only the measurement effects achieved by a single azimuth electrode 1013 can be realized, but also the near-bit azimuth resistivity in more directions can be measured. Generally speaking, in order to improve the richness of the measured resistivity data as much as possible, the number of azimuth electrodes in the resistivity measurement unit 101 is often multiple.

[0102] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are both sleeved in the annular groove, and the annular groove where the transmitting coil is located is axially arranged at the upper part of the universal joint assembly housing, and the annular groove where the receiving coil is located is axially arranged at the lower part of the universal joint assembly housing and is adjacent to the deflecting housing of the positive displacement motor universal joint assembly, which can ensure that a path is formed between the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012. Thus, the receiving coil 1012 receives the current signal emitted by the transmitting coil 1011, and the average resistivity data is measured in the way of conducting resistivity. Compared with the propagation resistivity measurement method (which cannot achieve wellbore imaging), wellbore imaging can be achieved, and the requirement for the length of the measurement short section is shorter in the way of conducting resistivity, which is applicable to the situation of modifying the positive displacement motor 100 without changing its length.

[0103] Furthermore, in some embodiments, continue to refer to the appendix Figure 1a , multiple grooves 1002 where the monitoring and identification unit 102, the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105 are located are all between the annular grooves 1002 where the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are located.

[0104] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are respectively located in different annular grooves 1002. The number of coils can be determined according to the requirements of the drilling environment, which is not limited in this article. Specifically, the transmitting coil 1011 is further connected to an alternating current driving circuit. The current signal generated by the alternating current driving circuit is transmitted into the formation through the transmitting coil 1011. Then, the receiving coil 1012 receives a part of the current signal, and this part of the current signal is used to measure the formation resistivity. It can be understood that the receiving coil 1012 can also be connected to a receiving electrode, and the receiving electrode is integrated in the resistivity measurement unit. In some embodiments, the receiving electrode can also be integrated in the azimuth electrode 1013, so that the azimuth electrode 1013 can measure both the azimuth resistivity and the average resistivity. In the actual drilling environment, the alternating current driving circuit, the transmitting coil 1011, the drilling fluid, the receiving coil 1012, and the receiving electrode form a measurement loop. Among them, the transmitting coil 1011, the drilling fluid, the receiving coil 1012, and the receiving electrode can be regarded as different equivalent resistances respectively. Regarding the formation as another equivalent resistance, the equivalent resistance (including phase information) of the formation can be solved according to the voltage and current sent by the alternating current driving circuit, so as to obtain formation resistivity imaging information, etc. And the azimuth measurement unit 104 and the imaging unit 105 are arranged between the annular grooves 1002 where the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are located. At this time, the distance between the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 is relatively large, which is more conducive to the current signal entering the formation to measure the formation average resistivity data, and at the same time can make the entire near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device have a compact distribution state, which is convenient for installation and adjustment.

[0105] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 1c , each azimuth electrode 1013 occupies one groove 1002. The grooves 1002 where each azimuth electrode 1013 is located are flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed in space along the axial center line of the universal shaft assembly housing. Each azimuth electrode 1013 is an independent structure, and introduces the measured near-bit azimuth resistivity signal into the circuit system of the near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device.

[0106] It can be understood that in some embodiments, first, the monitoring and identification unit 102 monitors and identifies the real-time working condition of the positive displacement motor, and then the adjustment unit 103 adjusts the distribution of the azimuth electrodes 1013 for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit 101 (including adjusting the number and position of the azimuth electrodes 1013 for resistivity measurement), so that the resistivity measurement unit 101 adaptively adjusts the working mode according to the change of the real-time working condition. When multiple azimuth electrodes 1013 are used to measure the azimuth resistivity, before and after the adjustment of the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth electrodes 1013 for resistivity measurement always remain flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed in space along the axial center line of the housing of the universal shaft assembly. Specifically, in the directional drilling state of the positive displacement motor 100, one azimuth electrode 1013 can only measure the azimuth resistivity in a single direction, and the drilling scenarios that can be satisfied are relatively few. When multiple azimuth electrodes 1013 are used to measure the azimuth resistivity, the multiple azimuth electrodes 1013 for measuring the azimuth resistivity are flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed in space along the axial center line of the housing of the universal shaft assembly in the groove 1002 of the housing 1001 of the universal shaft assembly, which is beneficial to more comprehensively measure the azimuth resistivity information in the formation. Further, when the positive displacement motor 100 changes from the directional drilling state to the compound drilling state, the multiple azimuth electrodes 1013 still remain flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed in space along the axial center line of the housing of the universal shaft assembly in the groove 1002 of the housing 1001 of the universal shaft assembly, which is also beneficial to simplifying the calculation process of the imaging while drilling and reducing the calculation amount of the imaging unit 105.

[0107] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are an independent prefabricated structure. Adopting a multi-turn winding structure, they can be manufactured and debugged separately. After successful debugging, they only need to be installed in the corresponding annular groove position according to the ordinary process. Moreover, the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 are annular structures and can be tested for performance independently. After passing the performance test, they are assembled onto the instrument, avoiding the problem that the antenna can only be debugged after curing and the need for rework if it is unqualified. Further, in some embodiments, the sheaths of the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 also adopt a set structure. The coil is sealed and protected through the protective cover of the set structure, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement, has a longer service life, higher reliability, and relatively lower cost. It should be noted that since the manufacturing process of the transmitting coil 1011 and the receiving coil 1012 is to wind independently and then encapsulate, the coil is encapsulated inside the polymer material and isolated from the external air, and the performance parameters of the coil will not change due to the entry of liquid or gas. The performance is more stable, and there will be no problem of performance attenuation after short-term use. And because the coil is an independent structure, shock absorption treatment can be carried out on the coil, making the coil in an environment surrounded by damping oil and sponge, which can resist strong external vibrations and impacts, and can avoid the problem in the prior art that the internal coil of the antenna is rigidly potted, resulting in poor shock absorption effect and frequent performance degradation and the need for maintenance.

[0108] Further, in some embodiments, the number of azimuth electrodes 1013 for resistivity measurement in the directional drilling state of the positive displacement motor 100 is greater than the corresponding number in the compound drilling state, which is beneficial to ensuring the measurement imaging accuracy in the directional drilling state. Specifically, when the monitoring and recognition unit 102 monitors that the positive displacement motor 100 changes from the compound drilling state to the directional drilling state, the control subunit in the adjustment unit 103 controls the switching subunit according to the real-time working conditions fed back by the monitoring and recognition unit 102 to make the azimuth electrodes 1013 conduct with their circuits in the resistivity measurement unit 101. When the monitoring and recognition unit 102 monitors that the positive displacement motor 100 changes from the directional drilling state to the compound drilling state, the control subunit in the adjustment unit 103 controls the switching subunit according to the real-time working conditions fed back by the monitoring and recognition unit 102 to make the azimuth electrodes 1013 disconnect from their circuits in the resistivity measurement unit 101. In some embodiments, the switching subunit can be a relay, such as an electromagnetic relay. Whether the circuit is conducting or disconnecting can be determined by whether the intermediate contact in the electromagnetic relay is connected to the normally open contact or the normally closed contact. For example, the total number of azimuth electrodes in the current positive displacement motor is 8 (denoted as A, B, C, D, E, F, G in the clockwise direction), and these 8 azimuth electrodes and the grooves where they are located are flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed along the axial centerline of the universal shaft assembly housing. In the directional drilling state, the number of azimuth electrodes for resistivity measurement is 8 (i.e., A, B, C, D, E, F, G). Obviously, these 8 azimuth electrodes and the grooves where they are located are flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed along the axial centerline of the universal shaft assembly housing. In the compound drilling state, the number of azimuth electrodes for resistivity measurement is reduced to 4, namely A, C, E, G, H) (these 4 azimuth electrodes and the grooves where they are located are also flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed along the axial centerline of the universal shaft assembly housing). Further, when the working condition of the positive displacement motor switches from directional drilling to the compound drilling state, under the control of the monitoring and recognition unit and the adjustment unit, the azimuth electrodes for resistivity measurement are switched from A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H to A, C, E, G. If any of A, C, E, G fails during a long compound drilling state, the monitoring and recognition unit and the adjustment unit can also change the azimuth electrodes for resistivity measurement in the compound drilling state from A, C, E, G to B, D, F, H, and these 4 azimuth electrodes B, D, F, H and the grooves where they are located are also flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed along the axial centerline of the universal shaft assembly housing, so as to ensure that even if there is a problem with the azimuth electrode during the compound drilling state of the positive displacement motor, it will not affect the change of the azimuth resistivity while drilling imaging accuracy and ensure the accurate geological steering effect.

[0109] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 2a , the azimuth measurement unit 104 includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, and an azimuth processor;

[0110] The triaxial acceleration sensor is used to measure the acceleration data of the positive displacement motor 100, and the triaxial geomagnetic sensor is used to measure the geomagnetic data;

[0111] The azimuth processor is connected to the triaxial acceleration sensor and the triaxial geomagnetic sensor, and is used to calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information according to the acceleration data and the geomagnetic data.

[0112] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the triaxial acceleration sensor is a sensor in the acceleration sensor used to measure the spatial acceleration, that is, to measure how fast the speed of an object changes in space. There is no difference in the measurement principle between the triaxial acceleration sensor and the single-axis and two-axis acceleration sensors. Their main difference lies in the different measurement dimensions. The triaxial acceleration sensor mainly decomposes the spatial acceleration along the three axes of X, Y, and Z. Similarly, the triaxial geomagnetic sensor can detect the three-dimensional magnetic field along the X, Y, and Z axes simultaneously. Compared with the traditional magnetic sensor that can only detect the magnetic field along a single axis, the triaxial geomagnetic sensor is suitable for detecting fine and complex motions and reducing magnetic field interference. The azimuth processor calculates data such as the rotation speed, angle, and downhole azimuth of the positive displacement motor 100 at any moment according to the acceleration data on the three axes of X, Y, and Z and the geomagnetic data on the three axes of X, Y, and Z, so as to accurately identify the tool sector.

[0113] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 2b , the azimuth measurement unit 104 includes a triaxial acceleration sensor, a triaxial geomagnetic sensor, and an azimuth processor;

[0114] The triaxial acceleration sensor is used to measure the acceleration data of the positive displacement motor 100, and the triaxial geomagnetic sensor is used to measure the geomagnetic data;

[0115] The azimuth processor is respectively connected to the triaxial acceleration sensor, the triaxial geomagnetic sensor, and the monitoring and identification unit, and is used to calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information according to the acceleration data, the geomagnetic data, and the angular motion data transmitted by the monitoring and identification unit.

[0116] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the azimuth processor can also be connected to the monitoring and identification unit, and use the angular motion data fed back by the monitoring and identification unit to calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information. After adding the use of the angular motion data, the accuracy of the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information is improved. In some embodiments, the azimuth processor can also calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information only using the angular motion data and the geomagnetic data.

[0117] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the attached Figure 3, the resistivity measurement unit 101 further includes:

[0118] A mutual inductance coil, disposed inside the azimuth electrode 1013, for measuring the induced current, so as to electrically isolate the azimuth electrode 1013 from the formation, and measure the azimuth resistivity according to the induced current.

[0119] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the azimuth electrode 1013 can directly measure the azimuth resistivity data with formation boundary azimuth information. However, due to the influence of ground interference and other electrical devices, there will be certain errors in the measurement of the azimuth resistivity. Therefore, in order to avoid the influence of ground interference and other electrical devices, a mutual inductance coil can be disposed inside the azimuth electrode 1013, and the induced current generated by the mutual inductance coil is used to measure the azimuth resistivity, which can electrically isolate the azimuth electrode 1013 from the formation. It should be noted that at this time, the mutual inductance coil itself also has a certain influence on the measurement of the azimuth resistivity. In actual operation, a suitable measurement method can be selected according to the needs of the construction scenario.

[0120] Further, in some embodiments, referring to the appendix Figure 4 , it further includes:

[0121] A protective layer 401, covering the outer surfaces of the resistivity measurement unit 101, the monitoring and identification unit 102, the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105, for avoiding the wear of the resistivity measurement unit 101, the monitoring and identification unit 102, the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105.

[0122] It can be understood that in some embodiments, circuits and sensors are arranged in the grooves 1002 of the universal joint assembly housing 1001. Therefore, a cover plate is also required outside each groove 1002 and fixed on the universal joint assembly housing 1001 to provide sealing and protection for the installed electronic circuits. For example, a sealed cabin carrying sensors and circuits is provided on the outer housing, and a cover plate structure is equipped outside the sealed cabin. A sealing ring is provided between the cover plate and the sealed cabin, and the cover plate is pressed tightly on the sealed cabin with screws to form an organic whole with the positive displacement motor. During the drilling process, it is always ensured that the circuits are not invaded by external high-pressure liquid in the sealed cabin. At the same time, the outer surface of the universal joint assembly housing 1001, especially the outer surface of the groove 1002, can also increase the wear-resistant band by methods such as laser cladding, or wear-resistant sleeves or auxiliary support structures can be added at necessary positions of the groove 1002 of the universal joint assembly housing 1001 to avoid direct friction between the wellbore wall and the cabin body, so as to improve the wear resistance and erosion resistance of the outer surfaces of the resistivity measurement unit 101, the azimuth measurement unit 104, and the imaging unit 105. The circuit cabin is sealed and protected by the cover plate, effectively protecting the safety and reliability of the circuits, and at the same time providing a power unit for drilling the formation for the measurement of the resistivity.

[0123] Further, in some embodiments, a power supply unit may also be included, which is used to supply power to each electrical appliance in the near-bit azimuthal resistivity while-drilling measurement imaging device described in any of the foregoing embodiments. It should be noted that an electrical appliance, i.e., a load, refers to a device that consumes electrical energy in a circuit. In some common embodiments, the power supply unit usually uses a disposable battery, such as a lithium metal battery, which has the advantages of large capacity and high portability.

[0124] Further, in some embodiments, a communication unit 107 may also be included, which is used to transmit the azimuthal resistivity while-drilling imaging data in the imaging unit 105 to the ground in real time for real-time analysis of the drilling situation.

[0125] Further, in some embodiments, a storage unit 106 may also be included, which is used to store the resistivity measurement unit 101, the azimuth measurement unit 104, especially the azimuthal resistivity while-drilling imaging data in the imaging unit 105, so as to facilitate the later summary and analysis of the target well and comparison with other wells in the well site.

[0126] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the content of this article, a typical embodiment 1 is given herein. Specifically, referring to the appendix Figure 5a , the imaging unit 105 is respectively connected to the resistivity measurement unit 101, the azimuth measurement unit 104, the storage unit 106, and the communication unit 107. The adjustment unit 103 is respectively connected to the resistivity measurement unit 101 and the monitoring and identification unit 102. For the resistivity measurement unit 101, referring to the appendix Figure 5b , the lower end of the positive displacement motor 100 is connected to the drill bit 501. The transmitting coil 1011 is installed in the groove 1002 of the housing 1001 of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor 100. The receiving coil 1012 is installed at the lower part of the housing 1001 of the universal joint assembly and is close to the deflecting bend housing 502 of the universal joint of the positive displacement motor 100. The receiving coil 1012 serves as a sensor for the average resistivity near the drill bit 501, and the azimuth electrode 1013 serves as a sensor for the azimuthal resistivity. All hardware circuits and devices are integrated in the groove 1002 of the housing of the universal joint assembly of the positive displacement motor 100 and are integrated with the positive displacement motor 100.

[0127] The azimuth measurement unit 104 and the azimuth electrode 1013 can be located on the same tool face. During the drilling process, the azimuth parameters can be measured in real time and corresponding to the azimuth resistivity parameters to form azimuth resistivity imaging data. The azimuth electrode 1013 can be one or more (usually multiple) to measure the resistivity data in different azimuths in real time. When multiple azimuth electrodes 1013 are flush with each other and symmetrically installed along the axial center line of the housing of the universal shaft assembly, the data in each direction can be measured during the compound drilling rotation of the positive displacement motor 100 to generate resistivity imaging data while drilling, and the azimuth resistivity in multiple directions can also be measured simultaneously during directional drilling.

[0128] The storage unit 106 contains a large-capacity non-volatile storage space, and all data can be quickly accessed and stored. According to the actual application requirements, the required azimuth resistivity imaging data can be transmitted in real time to other downhole tools through the communication circuit in the communication unit 107. For example, it can be transmitted to other downhole tools above the positive displacement motor 100 and then transmitted to the MWD, and the MWD transmits the information to the ground.

[0129] The power supply unit performs fine power management for all hardware circuits and sensors in the azimuth measurement unit 104, resistivity measurement unit 101, imaging unit 105, storage unit 106, and communication unit 107. It has different working modes of intermittent power supply and continuous power supply, which not only ensures the timeliness of power on and off but also saves electric energy and ensures the working duration of the positive displacement motor 100 in the well.

[0130] Compared with the prior art, on the one hand, it meets the prerequisite for drilling operations using a positive displacement motor, eliminating the need to introduce a relatively costly rotary steerable tool for near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement and imaging, reducing the transformation cost. And through the groove layout method, it is convenient for pre-drilling installation and debugging. After any component fails, the parts can be replaced and the tool can be reused. On the other hand, since there is no need to add a sub-section between the positive displacement motor 100 and the drill bit 501, the distance between the build point of the drill bit 501 and the positive displacement motor 100 is not increased. This not only ensures the build performance of the positive displacement motor 100 and reduces the risk of tool fracture caused by a long distance between the bend point and the drill bit 501 but also realizes the near-bit 501 azimuth resistivity imaging function. Moreover, it can adaptively adjust the azimuth resistivity measurement and imaging method for various working conditions of the positive displacement motor to meet the precise geological steering requirements under different geological conditions.

[0131] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the content of this article, a typical embodiment 2 is given in this article for reference Figure 6Schematic diagram of the radial cross-section structure of the azimuth electrode 1013 shown. During the sliding drilling process of the positive displacement motor 100, considering various factors such as the size of the near-bit instrument and actual requirements, the transmitting coil 1011 is installed in the groove 1002 of the housing 1001 of the universal shaft assembly of the positive displacement motor 100 and is close to the deflecting bend housing 502 of the universal shaft of the positive displacement motor 100. According to the needs of engineering applications, several azimuth electrodes 1013 are symmetrically installed in space along the axial centerline of the housing of the universal shaft assembly at the lower part of the housing. The near-bit azimuth resistivity while-drilling measurement and imaging device measures the azimuth resistivity of the formation medium around the wellbore in three sectors, and uploads the processed resistivity and imaging data to the upper-level MWD control system. The monitoring and identification unit 102 monitors and identifies whether the positive displacement motor is in a stationary condition, a directional drilling or a combined drilling condition. During the directional drilling process of the positive displacement motor 100, multiple azimuth electrodes 1013 can be used to achieve multi-directional near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement, and under the combined action of the monitoring and identification unit 102 and the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth electrodes 1013 for measuring the azimuth resistivity are still symmetrically distributed in space along the axial centerline of the housing of the universal shaft assembly. During the directional drilling process of the positive displacement motor 100, one or more azimuth electrodes 1013 can be used to achieve near-bit azimuth resistivity measurement in all directions around. It should be noted that when using multiple azimuth electrodes 1013, under the combined action of the monitoring and identification unit 102 and the adjustment unit 103, the azimuth electrodes 1013 for measuring the azimuth resistivity are still symmetrically distributed in space along the axial centerline of the housing of the universal shaft assembly.

[0132] For the convenience of description, when describing the above device, various units are described separately according to their functions. Of course, when implementing this specification, the functions of each unit can be realized in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0133] Corresponding to the above near-bit azimuth resistivity while-drilling measurement and imaging device, some embodiments of this specification also provide a near-bit azimuth resistivity while-drilling measurement and imaging method.

[0134] As Figure 7The following is a schematic diagram of an implementation system of a method for measuring and imaging near-bit azimuth resistivity while drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may include: a terminal 701 and a server 702. The terminal 701 and the server 702 communicate with each other through a network. The network may include a Local Area Network (LAN for short), a Wide Area Network (WAN for short), the Internet, or a combination thereof, and is connected to websites, user devices (such as computing devices), and backend systems. Staff can send a request for measuring and imaging near-bit azimuth resistivity while drilling to the server 702 through the terminal 701. After receiving the request for measuring and imaging near-bit azimuth resistivity while drilling, the server 702 calls the downhole azimuth information and formation resistivity information in the database for calculation and processing, obtains the imaging result, and sends the imaging result to the terminal 701 so that the staff can process the business according to the imaging result.

[0135] In an embodiment of this specification, the server 702 may be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, Content Delivery Network (CDN), as well as big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0136] In an alternative embodiment, the terminal 701 may include, but is not limited to, types of electronic devices such as self-service terminal devices, desktop computers, tablet computers, laptop computers, and smart wearable devices. Optionally, the operating system running on the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, Android system, IOS system, Linux, Windows, etc. Of course, the terminal 701 is not limited to the above-mentioned electronic devices with a certain entity, and it may also be software running on the above-mentioned electronic devices.

[0137] In addition, it should be noted that Figure 7 What is shown is only an application environment provided by the present disclosure. In actual applications, there may also be multiple terminals 701, which are not limited in this specification.

[0138] It should be noted that in the technical solution of this application, the acquisition, storage, use, processing, etc. of data all comply with the relevant regulations of relevant laws and regulations.

[0139] Figure 8The following is a flowchart of a method for measuring and imaging azimuthal resistivity while drilling near the bit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This specification provides the method operation steps as described in the embodiment or flowchart, but based on routine or non-creative labor, there may be more or fewer operation steps. The step order listed in the embodiment is only one way among the execution orders of numerous steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual system or device product is executed, it can be executed in the method order shown in the embodiment or the accompanying drawings, or executed in parallel. Specifically, as Figure 8 shown, applied to the server 702 side as described above, and applicable to the imaging unit described in any of the foregoing embodiments, the method may include:

[0140] S801: Receive downhole azimuth information and formation resistivity information;

[0141] S802: Generate azimuthal resistivity while-drilling imaging information based on the downhole azimuth information and formation resistivity information.

[0142] It should be noted that although the operations of the method of the present invention are described in a specific order in the above embodiments and the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps for execution.

[0143] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this specification, the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved are all information and data that have been authorized and consented to by the user and fully authorized by all parties.

[0144] The embodiments of this specification also provide a computer device. As Figure 9As shown, in some embodiments of this specification, the computer device 902 may include one or more processors 904, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) or graphics processing units (GPUs), and each processing unit may implement one or more hardware threads. The computer device 902 may also include any memory 906 for storing any kind of information such as code, settings, data, etc. In a specific embodiment, a computer program stored on the memory 906 and executable on the processor 904, when run by the processor 904, may execute the instructions of the method described in any of the above embodiments. Non-limiting examples are that the memory 906 may include any one or a combination of the following: any type of RAM, any type of ROM, flash memory devices, hard disks, optical discs, etc. More generally, any memory may use any technology to store information. Further, any memory may provide volatile or non-volatile retention of information. Further, any memory may represent a fixed or removable component of the computer device 902. In one case, when the processor 904 executes the associated instructions stored in any memory or combination of memories, the computer device 902 may perform any operation of the associated instructions. The computer device 902 also includes one or more drive mechanisms 908 for interacting with any memory, such as a hard disk drive mechanism, an optical disc drive mechanism, etc.

[0145] The computer device 902 may also include an input / output interface 910 (I / O) for receiving various inputs (via the input device 912) and for providing various outputs (via the output device 914). A specific output mechanism may include a presentation device 916 and an associated graphical user interface 918 (GUI). In other embodiments, the input / output interface 910 (I / O), the input device 912, and the output device 914 may not be included, and it may only be a computer device in a network. The computer device 902 may also include one or more network interfaces 920 for exchanging data with other devices via one or more communication links 922. One or more communication buses 924 couple the components described above together.

[0146] The communication link 922 may be implemented in any way, for example, through a local area network, a wide area network (e.g., the Internet), a point-to-point connection, etc., or any combination thereof. The communication link 922 may include any combination of hardwired links, wireless links, routers, gateway functions, name servers, etc. governed by any protocol or combination of protocols.

[0147] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), computer-readable storage media, and computer program products according to some embodiments of the present specification. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processor to generate a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processor produce a device for implementing the functions specified in one or more flows in the flowchart and / or one or more blocks in the block diagram.

[0148] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processor to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured article including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more flows in the flowchart and / or one or more blocks in the block diagram.

[0149] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processor, such that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flows in the flowchart and / or one or more blocks in the block diagram.

[0150] In a typical configuration, a computer device includes one or more processors (CPUs), an input / output interface, a network interface, and a memory.

[0151] The memory may include non-permanent memory in the form of computer-readable media, random access memory (RAM), and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0152] A computer-readable medium includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can implement information storage by any method or technology. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette tapes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computer device. As defined in this specification, a computer-readable medium does not include transitory computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0153] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of this specification can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments of this specification can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the embodiments of this specification can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0154] The embodiments of this specification can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The embodiments of this specification can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment where tasks are performed by remote processors connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.

[0155] It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this specification, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0156] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other, and the differences between each embodiment and other embodiments are emphasized. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can refer to the description of the method embodiments.

[0157] In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this specification. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0158] The above are only the embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A near-bit azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging device, characterized in that, the device includes: a positive displacement motor, a resistivity measurement unit, a monitoring and identification unit, an adjustment unit, an azimuth measurement unit, and an imaging unit; a plurality of grooves are provided on the housing of the universal shaft assembly of the positive displacement motor; the resistivity measurement unit, the monitoring and identification unit, the azimuth measurement unit, and the imaging unit are arranged in the plurality of grooves; the resistivity measurement unit is used to measure formation resistivity information, and includes a plurality of azimuth electrodes, a transmitting coil, and a receiving coil; wherein, each azimuth electrode occupies one groove, the grooves where the azimuth electrodes are located are flush with each other and are symmetrically distributed in space along the axial center line of the housing of the universal shaft assembly. The transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both sleeved in the annular groove. The annular groove where the transmitting coil is located is axially arranged at the upper part of the housing of the universal shaft assembly of the positive displacement motor, and the annular groove where the receiving coil is located is axially arranged at the lower part of the housing of the universal shaft assembly of the positive displacement motor and is adjacent to the deflecting housing of the universal shaft assembly of the positive displacement motor; the plurality of grooves where the monitoring and identification unit, the adjustment unit, the azimuth measurement unit, and the imaging unit are located are all between the annular grooves where the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are located; the monitoring and identification unit is used to monitor and identify the real-time working conditions of the positive displacement motor; the adjustment unit is respectively connected to the monitoring and identification unit and the resistivity measurement unit, and is used to adjust the distribution of the azimuth electrodes for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit according to the real-time working conditions, so that the resistivity measurement unit adaptively adjusts the working mode according to the change of the real-time working conditions; the azimuth measurement unit is used to scan the downhole azimuth in real time and measure the downhole azimuth information; the imaging unit is respectively connected to the azimuth measurement unit and the resistivity measurement unit, and is used to generate azimuthal resistivity measurement-while-drilling imaging information according to the downhole azimuth information and the formation resistivity information.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the real-time working conditions of the positive displacement motor include a stationary working condition, a directional drilling working condition, and a compound drilling working condition.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the monitoring and identification unit includes an angular velocity sensor; the angular velocity sensor is used to detect the angular motion data of the positive displacement motor to determine the current working condition of the positive displacement motor.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the azimuth measurement unit includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, and an azimuth processor; the three-axis acceleration sensor is used to measure the acceleration data of the positive displacement motor, and the three-axis geomagnetic sensor is used to measure the geomagnetic data; the azimuth processor is respectively connected to the three-axis acceleration sensor and the three-axis geomagnetic sensor, and is used to calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information according to the acceleration data and the geomagnetic data.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the azimuth measurement unit includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, a three-axis geomagnetic sensor, and an azimuth processor; the three-axis acceleration sensor is used to measure the acceleration data of the positive displacement motor, and the three-axis geomagnetic sensor is used to measure the geomagnetic data; The azimuth processor is respectively connected to the three-axis acceleration sensor, the three-axis geomagnetic sensor and the monitoring and identification unit, and is configured to calculate the angle information of the positive displacement motor and the downhole azimuth information according to the acceleration data, the geomagnetic data and the angular motion data transmitted by the monitoring and identification unit.

6. The device according to claim 3, wherein, the adjustment unit further includes a control subunit and a switching subunit; the control subunit controls the switching subunit according to the received real-time working condition, so that the azimuth electrode switches between being electrically connected to the loop of the resistivity measurement unit and being electrically disconnected from the loop of the resistivity measurement unit, thereby adjusting the distribution of the azimuth electrodes used for resistivity measurement in the resistivity measurement unit.

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein, the resistivity measurement unit further includes: a mutual inductance coil, arranged inside the azimuth electrode, for measuring the induced current, so as to electrically isolate the azimuth electrode from the formation, and measuring the azimuth resistivity according to the induced current.

8. A method for measuring and imaging the azimuth resistivity while drilling near the bit, wherein, it is applicable to the imaging unit in the near-bit azimuth resistivity while-drilling measurement and imaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method includes: receiving the downhole azimuth information and the formation resistivity information; generating the azimuth resistivity while-drilling imaging information according to the downhole azimuth information and the formation resistivity information.

9. A computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, wherein, when the computer program is run by the processor, it executes the instructions of the method according to claim 8.

10. A computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein, when the computer program is run by the processor of the computer device, it executes the instructions of the method according to claim 8.

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