Dust suppression device and method for blasting dust of open pit coal mine

Abstract

A dust suppression device for blasting dust of an open pit coal mine comprises a plurality of mounting rods perpendicular to the ground, a top cable is connected between the upper ends of every two adjacent mounting rods, the top cables are fixedly connected with two first dust falling nets and a second dust falling net, the first dust falling nets are rigid nets, and the second dust falling nets are rigid nets. The two mounting rods are arranged in parallel and are connected with the ground through at least one bottom mooring rope, the two first dust falling nets are close to the two mounting rods respectively, and the second dust falling net is arranged to be a flexible net and is located between the two first dust falling nets. According to the dust suppression device and method for blasting dust of the open pit coal mine, the dust suppression device can be arranged on the edge of a blasting area, raised dust generated during blasting is intercepted through the first dust suppression net and the second dust suppression net, so that the dust suppression effect is achieved, the first dust suppression net and the second dust suppression net are matched with each other, and dust suppression can be achieved while it is guaranteed that dust suppression can be achieved. The device can be prevented from being damaged by shock waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of open-pit coal mine blasting, and specifically relates to a dust suppression device and method for open-pit coal mine blasting dust. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit coal mine blasting technology is a technology widely used in open-pit coal mine mining. It can be used to break coal seams and rocks to make it easier to extract coal. During the blasting process, large-scale dust will be generated, which will affect the health of mine workers and is also likely to pollute the environment. Therefore, how to achieve dust suppression during the blasting process is a very important link.

[0003] In the prior art, the main dust suppression method is to use a dust suppression vehicle to spray a large amount of water in the blasting area before blasting. On the one hand, it fixes the floating soil on the ground, and on the other hand, it can increase the air humidity in the blasting area, so that part of the dust can form lumps when encountering water and fall to the ground after blasting, avoiding the large-scale diffusion of dust. The dust suppression effect of this method is very limited. The main reason is that under the action of the shock wave generated by blasting, the dust will be quickly pushed to the surrounding area, and the water spraying dust suppression method cannot directly block this dust. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a dust suppression device and method for open-pit coal mine blasting dust, which can be arranged at the edge of the blasting area and use the first dust suppression net and the second dust suppression net to intercept the dust generated during blasting, thereby achieving the dust suppression effect, and the first dust suppression net and the second dust suppression net cooperate with each other to ensure that the dust suppression can be achieved while avoiding the device being damaged by the shock wave.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust includes a plurality of mounting rods arranged perpendicular to the ground. A top cable is connected between the upper ends of two adjacent mounting rods. The top cable is fixedly connected with two first dust suppression nets and one second dust suppression net. The first dust suppression net is set as a rigid net and is connected to the ground through at least one bottom cable. The two first dust suppression nets are respectively close to the two mounting rods. The second dust suppression net is set as a flexible net and is located between the two first dust suppression nets.

[0006] Preferably, the area of the first dust suppression net is smaller than the area of the second dust suppression net.

[0007] Preferably, a fixed base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting rod. The fixed base is fixed to the ground through a plurality of anchor bolts. The middle part of the mounting rod is connected to the ground through a plurality of stay ropes.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting rod includes a sleeve and a lifting rod slidably disposed in the sleeve. The upper end of the lifting rod extends out of the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the top cable.

[0009] Preferably, a conical-shaped contraction part is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve. The large end of the contraction part is fixedly connected to the sleeve. The small end of the contraction part is upwardly arranged and a top plate is arranged inside. A passage for the lifting rod to pass through is formed in the top plate. A follower plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the lifting rod. The top plate can limit the follower plate.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sleeve. At least one steel cable is movably connected to the fixing plate. A sliding ring fixedly connected to the follower plate is slidably sleeved on the steel cable. The upper end of the steel cable is connected to the top plate through a connecting rope.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting block for limiting the sliding ring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the steel cable.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of positioning screw holes are formed in the upper part of the sleeve and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. A positioning bolt is arranged in the positioning screw hole. A limiting space for limiting the follower plate is formed between the positioning bolt and the top plate.

[0013] Preferably, the first dust-removing net includes a plurality of first metal wires perpendicular to the ground. The first metal wires are connected to a plurality of second metal wires parallel to the ground. A plurality of expansion blocks are fixedly connected to the second metal wires. Water collecting grooves are formed in the expansion blocks.

[0014] A method for suppressing dust of blasting dust in open-pit coal mines includes the following steps: Determine the blasting area; Set the above-mentioned dust suppression device for blasting dust in open-pit coal mines at the edge of the blasting area; Use a dust suppression vehicle to spray water on the dust suppression device.

[0015] The present invention can be arranged at the edge of the blasting area, and use the first dust-removing net and the second dust-removing net to intercept the dust generated during blasting, so as to achieve the effect of dust suppression. Moreover, the first dust-removing net and the second dust-removing net cooperate with each other, which can avoid the device being damaged by the shock wave while ensuring the dust suppression can be achieved. Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dust suppression device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting rod; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the setting method of the hanging ring; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the setting method of the extension block.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1 - fixed base, 2 - mounting rod, 3 - pull rope, 4 - top cable, 5 - first dust suppression net, 6 - bottom cable, 7 - second dust suppression net, 8 - anchor bolt, 9 - fixing plate, 10 - sleeve, 11 - first connecting ring, 12 - second connecting ring, 13 - steel cable, 14 - sliding ring, 15 - follower plate, 16 - lifting rod, 17 - positioning screw hole, 18 - positioning bolt, 19 - limiting block, 20 - contraction part, 21 - connecting rope, 22 - top plate, 23 - groove, 24 - connecting block, 25 - hanging ring, 26 - first metal wire, 27 - second metal wire, 28 - extension block, 29 - water collecting tank. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present invention first provides a dust suppression device for blasting dust in open-pit coal mines, including a plurality of mounting rods 2 perpendicular to the ground. A top cable 4 is connected between the upper ends of two adjacent mounting rods 2. The top cable 4 is fixedly connected with two first dust suppression nets 5 and one second dust suppression net 7. The first dust suppression net 5 is set as a rigid net and is connected to the ground through at least one bottom cable 6. The two first dust suppression nets 5 are respectively close to the two mounting rods 2. The second dust suppression net 7 is set as a flexible net, and the second dust suppression net 7 is located between the two first dust suppression nets 5.

[0021] During use, after determining the blasting area, the dust suppression device of the present invention is set at the edge of the blasting area. When the terrain permits, multiple dust suppression devices of the present invention can be used to completely surround the blasting area. Then, equipment such as a dust suppression vehicle is used to spray water into the blasting area. During the process, water is also sprayed onto the first dust suppression net 5 and the second dust suppression net 7 simultaneously to wet the first dust suppression net 5 and the second dust suppression net 7. After blasting, the generated dust will spread to the surrounding areas of the blasting area. When the dust impacts the first dust suppression net 5 and the second dust suppression net 7, it can be blocked by the first dust suppression net 5 and the second dust suppression net 7, preventing further spread to the surrounding areas, thereby achieving the effect of dust suppression. Moreover, the wetted first dust suppression net 5 and second dust suppression net 7 can adhere to many dust particles, thus enhancing the dust suppression effect. Considering that the shock wave of the explosion will have a strong impact on the dust suppression device, therefore, the first dust suppression net 5 of the present invention is set as a rigid net, and the second dust suppression net 7 is set as a flexible net. The first dust suppression net 5 is fixed by the mounting rod 2, the top cable 4, and the bottom cable 6 at the same time, and can remain stable when being impacted, ensuring the dust suppression effect. When the second dust suppression net 7 is impacted, it can deform, thereby avoiding excessive tension on the top cable 4 and the mounting rod 2, and further avoiding damage to the overall device. On the other hand, after the second dust suppression net 7 deforms, its shape can continuously change, that is, it will produce a dancing situation. During the dancing process, it can still continuously contact the dust. Therefore, although the deformation of the second dust suppression net 7 will reduce a certain dust suppression effect, it will not cause the dust suppression effect to completely disappear. The first dust suppression net 5 and the second dust suppression net 7 cooperate with each other. The first dust suppression net 5 can ensure the basic dust suppression effect, and the second dust suppression net 7 can further enhance the dust suppression effect and avoid the device being severely damaged by the shock wave.

[0022] The present invention can be arranged at the edge of the blasting area, and the first dust suppression net 5 and the second dust suppression net 7 are used to intercept the dust generated during blasting, thereby achieving the effect of dust suppression. Moreover, the first dust suppression net 5 and the second dust suppression net 7 cooperate with each other, which can ensure dust suppression while avoiding damage to the device by the shock wave.

[0023] Because the first dust suppression net 5 needs to remain stable, the area of the first dust suppression net 5 cannot be too large. And the area of the open-pit coal mine is vast, and the coverage area of the blasting area is also very large. In order to reduce the number of dust suppression devices used and the installation difficulty, the area of the first dust suppression net 5 can be made smaller than the area of the second dust suppression net 7.

[0024] The specific fixing method of the installation rod 2 is as follows: A fixing base 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation rod 2, and the fixing base 1 is fixed to the ground through a plurality of anchor bolts 8. The middle part of the installation rod 2 is connected to the ground through a plurality of stay ropes 3. After the blasting is completed, the fixing base 1 and the installation rod 2 can be removed as a whole for subsequent reuse, thereby reducing the use cost. Using the anchor bolts 8 to install the fixing base 1 can facilitate the removal of the fixing base 1. The plurality of stay ropes 3 can be distributed in different directions of the installation rod 2 to reinforce the installation rod 2 from different directions, ensuring the stability of the installation rod 2 and also ensuring the stability of the dust suppression device.

[0025] The specific structure of the installation rod 2 is as follows: The installation rod 2 includes a sleeve 10 and a lifting rod 16 slidably arranged in the sleeve 10. The upper end of the lifting rod 16 extends out of the sleeve 10 and is fixedly connected to the top cable 4. On this basis, by changing the length of the lifting rod 16 extending out of the sleeve 10, the overall height of the installation rod 2 can be adjusted according to the scale of the blasting, making the dust suppression device more flexible.

[0026] Furthermore, the stay rope 3 can be connected to the sleeve 10 or the lifting rod 16. Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, a plurality of grooves 23 are formed on the circumferential side wall of the lifting rod 16, a connecting block 24 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the groove 23, a hanging ring 25 is rotatably connected to the connecting block 24, one end of the stay rope 3 is connected to the hanging ring 25, and the other end of the stay rope 3 is fixed to the ground. When arranging the dust suppression device, the connecting block 24 at a suitable position can be selected to be connected to the stay rope 3 according to the actual height of the installation rod 2, which is more user-friendly. It should also be noted that in order to further improve the stability of the installation rod 2, the lifting rod 16 can also be set as a hollow structure, thereby reducing the weight of the lifting rod 16, and then moving the overall center of the installation rod 2 downward, so as to achieve the effect of improving the stability of the installation rod 2. On this basis, if the wall thickness of the lifting rod 16 is small and the groove 23 cannot be formed, some through holes can be formed on the lifting rod 16 first. Inside the through holes, that is, in the inner cavity of the lifting rod 16, a groove body is fixedly arranged, the edge of the groove body is fixedly connected to the edge of the through hole, and a groove 23 is formed inside the groove body. Then, the connecting block 24 is fixed at the bottom of the groove body. Also, because the lifting rod 16 is slidably arranged inside the sleeve 10, arranging the groove body in the inner cavity of the lifting rod 16 will not affect the sliding of the lifting rod 16. On the other hand, if the wall thickness of the sleeve 10 is not enough to form the groove 23, a fixing block can be fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve 10, and then a groove 23 is formed on the fixing block, and the connecting block 24 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the groove 23. Because the lifting rod 16 is slidably arranged inside the sleeve 10, arranging the fixing block on the outer wall of the sleeve 10 will not hinder the movement of the lifting rod 16.

[0027] To facilitate the connection between the hanging loop 25 and the connecting block 24, the hanging loop 25 can be formed by bending a metal rod. A through-hole for the metal rod to pass through is provided on the connecting block 24. After the metal rod passes through the through-hole, both ends are bent and connected to each other to form the hanging loop 25. The hanging loop 25 is composed of two semi-circular arc segments and two straight segments. Among them, the two semi-circular arc segments are located on both sides of the connecting block 24, and the two straight segments are correspondingly connected between the ends of the two semi-circular arc segments, and one of the straight segments is located in the through-hole. Based on this method, the through-hole can be a straight hole, which is easy to process on the connecting block 24.

[0028] To prevent the lifting rod 16 from being completely separated from the sleeve 10, a tapered cylindrical contraction part 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve 10. The large end of the contraction part 20 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 10, the small end of the contraction part 20 is arranged upward and a top plate 22 is arranged inside. A channel for the lifting rod 16 to pass through is provided on the top plate 22. A follower plate 15 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the lifting rod 16, and the top plate 22 can limit the follower plate 15. Both the contraction part 20 and the top plate 22 can limit the follower plate 15, and further limit the lifting rod 16, so as to fully prevent the lifting rod 16 from completely disengaging from the sleeve 10, and then improve the stability of the dust suppression device, and avoid damage to the mounting rod 2 caused by the separation of the lifting rod 16 and the sleeve 10, and further cause the failure of the dust suppression device.

[0029] To further prevent the lifting rod 16 from being completely separated from the sleeve 10, a fixing plate 9 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sleeve 10. At least one steel cable 13 is movably connected to the fixing plate 9. A sliding ring 14 fixedly connected to the follower plate 15 is slidably sleeved on the steel cable 13. The upper end of the steel cable 13 is connected to the top plate 22 through a connecting rope 21. A limiting block 19 for limiting the sliding ring 14 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the steel cable 13. When the lifting rod 16 adjusts the overall length of the mounting rod 2, or when it is impacted by a shock wave, it can drive the follower plate 15 to move upward synchronously. Then, the follower plate 15 drives the sliding ring 14 to move upward. When the sliding ring 14 contacts the limiting block 19, the sliding ring 14 is limited by the limiting block 19. If the lifting rod 16 continues to move, it will generate a pulling force on the steel cable 13 through the sliding ring 14 and the limiting block 19. At this time, the steel cable 13 can also limit the lifting rod 16, so as to cooperate with the contraction part 20 and the top plate 22 to limit the moving range of the lifting rod 16 and fully prevent the lifting rod 16 from being completely separated from the sleeve 10. More specifically, the fixing plate 9 is fixedly connected with a first connecting ring 16, the steel cable 13 is fixedly connected with a second connecting ring 17, and the first connecting ring 16 and the second connecting ring 17 cooperate with each other to realize the connection between the steel cable 13 and the fixing plate 9.

[0030] After the length of the lifting rod 16 extending from the sleeve 10 is determined, in order to facilitate fixing the position of the lifting rod 16, a plurality of positioning screw holes 17 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are provided in the upper part of the sleeve 10. A positioning bolt 18 is disposed in cooperation with the positioning screw hole 17, and a limiting space for restricting the follower plate 15 is formed between the positioning bolt 18 and the top plate 22. After the position of the lifting rod 16 is determined, one end of the positioning bolt 18 can be screwed into the inside of the sleeve 10 to limit the follower plate 15 in the limiting space, achieving the effect of fixing the position of the lifting rod 16. In order to improve the flexibility of the length of the mounting rod 2, multiple groups of positioning screw holes 17 can be provided on the sleeve 10. Multiple positioning screw holes 17 in the same group are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 10, and multiple groups of positioning screw holes 17 are evenly distributed in the length direction of the sleeve 10. Adjacent two groups of positioning screw holes 17 can simultaneously connect the positioning bolts 18, thereby changing the position of the limiting space, and further fixing the follower plate 15 and the lifting rod 16 at various different heights.

[0031] In order to enable the first dust-removing net 5 to capture more dust particles, as Figure 4 shown, the first dust-removing net 5 includes a plurality of first metal wires 26 perpendicular to the ground. The first metal wires 26 are connected with a plurality of second metal wires 27 parallel to the ground. The second metal wires 27 are fixedly connected with a plurality of extension blocks 28, and water collecting grooves 29 are formed in the extension blocks 28. The first metal wires 26 and the second metal wires 27 can be woven together by using a conventional metal mesh weaving method, which belongs to the mature prior art and will not be elaborated herein. On the basis of forming the water collecting grooves 29, the water sprayed by the dust-removing vehicle can enter the water collecting grooves 29 and be temporarily stored therein. When the first dust-removing net 5 is impacted by a shock wave, this part of water will be thrown out of the water collecting grooves 29, thereby forming a water film on the surface of the first dust-removing net 5. The water film can adhere to more dust particles, achieving the purpose of improving the dust-removing effect of the first dust-removing net 5.

[0032] The present invention further provides a method for suppressing dust from blasting in open-pit coal mines, including S1 to S3.

[0033] S1. Determine the blasting area.

[0034] S2. Set the above-mentioned dust suppression device for blasting dust in open-pit coal mines at the edge of the blasting area.

[0035] S3. Use a dust-removing vehicle to spray water on the dust suppression device.

[0036] In the present specification, the various embodiments are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0037] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of mounting poles (2) arranged perpendicular to the ground, a top cable (4) being connected between the upper ends of two adjacent mounting poles (2), the top cable (4) being fixedly connected to two first dust reduction nets (5) and a second dust reduction net (7), the first dust reduction net (5) being configured as a rigid net and being connected to the ground via at least one bottom cable (6), the two first dust reduction nets (5) being respectively close to the two mounting poles (2), the second dust reduction net (7) being configured as a flexible net, and the second dust reduction net (7) being located between the two first dust reduction nets (5).

2. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the first dust reduction net (5) is smaller than the area of ​​the second dust reduction net (7).

3. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the installation rod (2) is fixedly connected to a fixed base (1), the fixed base (1) is fixed to the ground via a plurality of anchor bolts (8), and the middle of the installation rod (2) is connected to the ground via a plurality of pull ropes (3).

4. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting rod (2) comprises a sleeve (10) and a lifting rod (16) slidably disposed in the sleeve (10); the upper end of the lifting rod (16) extends out of the sleeve (10) and is fixedly connected to the top cable (4).

5. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A conical cylindrical contraction portion (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve (10), the large end of the contraction portion (20) is fixedly connected to the sleeve (10), the small end of the contraction portion (20) is arranged upward and a top plate (22) is arranged inside, the top plate (22) is provided with a passage for the lifting rod (16) to pass through, the lower part of the lifting rod (16) is fixedly connected to a follower plate (15), and the top plate (22) can limit the follower plate (15).

6. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A fixed plate (9) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the sleeve (10), and the fixed plate (9) is movably connected to at least one steel cable (13). A sliding ring (14) fixedly connected to the follower plate (15) is slidably sleeved on the steel cable (13), and the upper end of the steel cable (13) is connected to the top plate (22) via a connecting rope (21).

7. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting block (19) for limiting the position of the sliding ring (14) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the steel cable (13).

8. The dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper portion of the sleeve (10) is provided with a plurality of positioning screw holes (17) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and positioning bolts (18) are arranged in the positioning screw holes (17). A limiting space for limiting the follower plate (15) is formed between the positioning bolts (18) and the top plate (22).

9. A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first dust suppression net (5) comprises a plurality of first metal wires (26) perpendicular to the ground, the first metal wires (26) being connected to a plurality of second metal wires (27) parallel to the ground, the second metal wires (27) being fixedly connected to a plurality of expansion blocks (28), and the expansion blocks (28) being provided with water collecting troughs (29).

10. A dust suppression method for open-pit coal mine blasting dust, characterized in that: The steps include: Determine the blasting area; A dust suppression device for open-pit coal mine blasting dust as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is arranged at the edge of the blasting area; The dust suppression device is sprayed with water using a dust suppression vehicle.

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