Mine backfill lane entrance blocking and supporting device and using method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tailing backfilling, and particularly relates to a mine backfilling alley entrance blocking and supporting device and a using method, the mine backfilling alley entrance blocking and supporting device comprises a supporting assembly, two fixing assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the supporting assembly, and a plurality of clamping assemblies are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the supporting assembly; the supporting assembly comprises a steel pipe, screw rods are movably connected to the two sides of the steel pipe, a connecting table is arranged at the other ends of the screw rods, an elastic column is arranged at the axis of the connecting table, a spherical end is arranged at the other end of the elastic column, and a plurality of pressure sensors are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the spherical end. A plurality of supporting sleeves are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the connecting table; the fixing assembly comprises a bowl-shaped head; the clamping assembly comprises a clamping ring; the mine backfill alley entrance blocking and supporting device is easy to operate, safe, stable, capable of meeting most mine requirements, high in blocking and supporting efficiency, good in blocking and supporting effect, high in adaptability, good in regulation and control performance, high in safety and good in stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of tailings backfilling, and specifically relates to a mine backfilling roadway opening plugging and supporting device and a using method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] The cemented backfilling of goafs with tailings sand is a technical means for most non-coal mine mining enterprises to dispose of tailings sand at present. The filling operation volume of tailings sand for backfilling goafs has increased significantly. Most of it is used for backfilling underground goafs, that is, underground mine shafts formed during the mining process. Before filling, it is necessary to seal the mine roadway openings of the goafs to prevent the filled tailings slurry from flowing out.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN110748379B involves a mine plugging method and its structure, which uses the processes of roughening and grooving the cave wall, brick masonry, temporary water diversion, clay filling, and concrete plugging of the wellhead to plug the mine; the plugging effect of this plugging structure is poor and the plugging efficiency is low.

[0004] Chinese invention application CN118481735A provides a water sealing plugging agent for coal mines underground and a method for plugging a closed wall in coal mines underground. The water sealing plugging agent for coal mines underground includes: at least two groups of limiting components arranged on the two side walls, the top wall and the bottom wall of the mine, and the limiting components are arranged along the depth direction of the mine; the operation difficulty of this plugging device is large and the plugging accuracy is low.

[0005] The above methods all have significant defects: the loss of support materials is large. Mine roadway openings are generally irregular in shape and have large size differences. Many of the removed steel or wood cannot be reused, resulting in greater material waste and increasing the economic burden on mining enterprises; it is generally very humid underground or even in a dripping state, which is particularly troublesome during welding or demolition cutting, and there are great safety risks during operation; if a concrete wall is built or a thick brick wall is constructed, the operation time is long, the material consumption is large, it cannot be reused, and the cost is high; when using section steel or I-beam, the materials are heavy, and the handling in underground roadways basically depends on manpower, resulting in high personnel costs.

[0006] And after the holes are pre-drilled inside the wall, it is necessary to install and fix the plugging and supporting device. However, if the drilling positions in multiple walls are different and the corresponding holes cannot be guaranteed to be in the same plane, then the subsequent multiple plugging and supporting devices will tilt during installation, reducing the support strength and the suspension stability of the steel mesh and dust-proof filter cloth.

[0007] Meanwhile, if the sizes of the mine backfill portal are different, the lengths of the plugging and supporting devices used are correspondingly different, and the self-weights of the plugging and supporting devices are different. At this time, if the extrusion force of the plugging and supporting device cannot be adjusted correspondingly, the plugging and supporting device will be bent and deformed under its own weight, thereby reducing the installation flatness. After the plugging is completed, there is a lack of a quick disassembly function, and it is difficult and inefficient for the operator to disassemble one by one.

[0008] Moreover, when the filler is continuously introduced into the mine, the extrusion force exerted by the filler on the side wall of the plugging and supporting device through the wire mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth is continuously increasing. If the supporting force of the plugging and supporting device cannot be adjusted in time, the assembled plugging and supporting devices will be continuously deformed and collapsed, thereby reducing the plugging and supporting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a plugging and supporting device for a mine backfill portal and a using method.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solution: A plugging and supporting device for a mine backfill portal, including a supporting component, two fixing components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the supporting component, and a plurality of clamping components are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the supporting component; The supporting component includes a steel pipe, both sides of the steel pipe are movably connected with screws, the other end of the screw is provided with a connecting platform, an elastic column is arranged at the center of the connecting platform, a spherical end is arranged at the other end of the elastic column, a plurality of pressure sensors are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the spherical end, and a plurality of supporting sleeves are evenly arranged on the side wall of the connecting platform; The fixing component includes a bowl-shaped head; The clamping component includes a snap ring.

[0011] The plugging and supporting device for the mine backfill portal adaptively adjusts the length of the steel pipe according to the size of the mine backfill portal, thereby ensuring the plugging and supporting effect of the steel pipe on the mine backfill portal; at the same time, the distance between the spherical end and the elastic column is adjusted according to the length of the steel pipe, further adjusting the elastic friction force between the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head; when the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head are squeezed and spliced and the position changes, the length of the supporting sleeve is adjusted correspondingly, and the supporting sleeve drives the position of the spherical end inside the bowl-shaped head, so as to ensure that the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head are in the best installation position; when the filler in the mine continuously increases and the extrusion force exerted by the filler on the steel pipe continuously increases, the degree of the corresponding supporting sleeve is adjusted and the thrust of a plurality of supporting sleeves on the spherical end is adjusted to ensure the extrusion and fixing effect of the spherical end and the bowl-shaped head; when the filling is completed, the supporting sleeve drives the spherical end to move in the reverse direction and realizes the quick removal from the bowl-shaped head, reducing the installation difficulty and improving the installation efficiency.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the lengths of the plurality of steel pipes are different. A hollow cavity is provided inside the steel pipe, and a threaded sleeve is hermetically and slidably connected inside the hollow cavity. The internal thread inside the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod by thread.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a fixing nut is provided at one end of the threaded sleeve away from the steel pipe. A plurality of positioning pins are evenly provided on the side wall of the fixing nut. A plurality of clamping grooves are evenly provided at both ends of the steel pipe. The clamping grooves are fixedly connected to the positioning pins by clamping. The fixing nut and the threaded sleeve are matched and their inner walls are both threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a mounting nut is threadedly connected to one end of the screw rod away from the steel pipe. The other end of the mounting nut is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting platform. A controller is provided inside the connecting platform. The controller electrically controls each electrical component. The side wall of the connecting platform matches the end of the screw rod.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the elastic column is elastic. One end of the support sleeve away from the connecting platform is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end. A connecting spring is provided on the side wall of the connecting platform and inside the support sleeve. The other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an expansion cavity is provided inside the support sleeve. A plurality of sinking grooves are evenly provided on the peripheral surface of the connecting platform. An air pump is provided inside the sinking grooves. One end of the plurality of sinking grooves close to each other is provided with an air guide hole. The other end of the air guide hole passes through the connecting platform and is connected to the inside of the expansion cavity. The output end of the air pump is connected to the inside of the air guide hole. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure value received at the end of the spherical end.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a docking groove is provided inside the bowl-shaped head. The inner wall of the docking groove matches the outer surface of the spherical end. A threaded cover is provided at one end of the bowl-shaped head away from the steel pipe. An anchor rod is provided at the other end of the threaded cover. The end of the anchor rod is provided with an external thread. The internal thread inside the threaded cover is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the external thread by thread. The anchor rod is inserted into the wall of the mine backfill roadway opening.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an inner groove is provided inside the snap ring. The inner wall of the inner groove is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steel pipe by clamping. Plugging holes are provided inside the snap ring. The inner wall of the plugging holes matches the outer surface of the steel pipe. The plugging holes and the inner groove are perpendicular and staggered with each other.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a threaded hole is provided on one side of the snap ring, and a fastening bolt is threadedly connected inside the threaded hole. The end of the fastening bolt is extruded and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe. A lifting ring is provided at the end of the snap ring away from the fastening bolt, and the end of the lifting ring suspends the steel mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for using a plugging and supporting device for a mine backfilling roadway opening, including the following steps: S1. Install a plurality of the bowl-shaped heads on the inner wall of the mine. The distance between the two ends of the steel pipe and the connecting platform is adjusted by means of the screw telescopic adjustment. The spherical end is extruded and fixed to the bowl-shaped head, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches the set first pressure preset value. S2. When the length of the steel pipe increases, the volume of the support sleeve decreases and drives the spherical end to squeeze the elastic column and move towards the connecting platform end, and the distance between the spherical end and the end of the steel pipe decreases. S3. The snap rings vertically and staggeredly install a plurality of steel pipes. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor on one side of the spherical end increases and is greater than the set first pressure preset value and less than the set second pressure preset value, the volume of the corresponding support sleeve increases and drives the spherical end to rotate and tilt in the opposite direction. S4. The filling material inside the mine continuously increases and the extrusion force applied to the side wall of the steel pipe increases. When the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors at the end of the same steel pipe away from the mine all increase and are greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, the volumes of a plurality of the support sleeves all increase and drive the spherical ends to move away from the connecting platform end, and the extrusion friction force between the spherical ends and the bowl-shaped heads increases. S5. When the filling material amount inside the mine continuously increases and reaches the set maximum value, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor at the end away from the mine reaches the set maximum pressure value. The volume of the support sleeve decreases and drives the spherical end to move towards the connecting platform end to the maximum distance, and the spherical end is disengaged from the clamping and fixing with the bowl-shaped head.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. In the present invention, steel pipes of different lengths are selected according to different sizes of the mine backfilling roadway opening, and the distance between the spherical end and the connecting platform is correspondingly adjusted, further improving the support stability and efficiency of the steel pipe and meeting the plugging and supporting requirements for different mine backfilling roadway openings.

[0022] 2. In the present invention, after the correction installation of a plurality of vertically staggered steel pipes, the supporting force of the support sleeve on the spherical end is correspondingly adjusted to ensure the friction correction and fixing effect of the spherical end in the docking groove of the bowl-shaped head.

[0023] 3. In the present invention, when introducing filling materials into the mine, the extrusion friction force between the spherical end and the internal docking groove of the bowl-shaped head is correspondingly increased to ensure the limiting and supporting effect of the spherical end on the steel pipe, and the reverse plugging and supporting effect of the steel pipe on the filling materials inside the mine is correspondingly improved.

[0024] 4. In the present invention, after the introduction of the filling materials inside the mine is completed, the volume of the support sleeve decreases and drives the spherical end to move towards the connecting platform end to the maximum distance, and the spherical end quickly disengages from the internal docking groove of the bowl-shaped head, thereby improving the demolition efficiency and effect, reducing the installation intensity of the operator, and improving the installation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support assembly and the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 is a front internal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support assembly and the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged schematic diagram at A in Figure 5 is Figure 3 an enlarged schematic diagram at B in Figure 6 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the support assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixing assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 is a front internal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fixing assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the fixing assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the clamping assembly of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure, 1. Support assembly; 101. Steel pipe; 102. Threaded sleeve; 103. Card slot; 104. Fixed nut; 105. Positioning pin; 106. Screw rod; 107. Installation nut; 108. Connecting platform; 109. Elastic column; 110. Support sleeve; 111. Connecting spring; 112. Spherical end; 113. Pressure sensor; 114. Air vent hole; 115. Sunk groove; 116. Air pump; 117. Expansion cavity; 118. Hollow cavity; 2. Fixing assembly; 201. Anchor rod; 202. External thread; 203. Threaded cover; 204. Bowl-shaped head; 205. Docking groove; 3. Clamping assembly; 301. Snap ring; 302. Inner groove; 303. Insertion hole; 304. Threaded hole; 305. Tightening bolt; 306. Suspension ring. Specific embodiments

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] First embodiment As Figures 1 - 10 shown, this embodiment discloses a plugging and supporting device for a mine backfill roadway opening, including a support assembly 1. Two fixing assemblies 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support assembly 1. The fixing assemblies 2 are inserted and fixed with the mine backfill roadway opening. Then, the support assembly 1 is installed between the corresponding two fixing assemblies 2. And a plurality of support assemblies 1 are installed vertically and horizontally in a staggered manner, which is convenient for hanging a steel mesh and a dust-proof filter cloth subsequently, so as to realize the plugging and supporting of the mine backfill roadway opening. A plurality of clamping assemblies 3 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the support assembly 1. The plurality of clamping assemblies 3 install and fix the support assemblies 1 distributed vertically and horizontally in a staggered manner, effectively improving the support stability and safety of the plurality of support assemblies 1.

[0029] The support assembly 1 includes a steel pipe 101. Screw rods 106 are movably connected to both sides of the steel pipe 101. The lengths of the plurality of steel pipes 101 are different, and can be arbitrarily selected according to the width and length of the mine backfill roadway opening during actual use, so as to realize the rough adjustment of the plugging and supporting length, improve the adaptability and stability of the steel pipe 101. At the same time, the screw rod 106 rotates inside the steel pipe 101 to finely adjust the plugging and supporting length again. The rough adjustment and the fine adjustment cooperate with each other to ensure the plugging and supporting effect for different mine backfill roadway openings. A hollow cavity 118 is opened inside the steel pipe 101. A threaded sleeve 102 is hermetically slidably connected inside the hollow cavity 118. The internal thread inside the threaded sleeve 102 is threadedly fixed to the outer surface of the screw rod 106. Then, the threaded sleeve 102 is inserted and fixed inside the steel pipe 101. At the same time, the screw rod 106 rotates threadedly with the threaded sleeve 102 for fine adjustment, improving the installation efficiency and adjustment accuracy.

[0030] One end of the threaded sleeve 102 away from the steel pipe 101 is provided with a fixing nut 104. The fixing nut 104 is matched with the threaded sleeve 102. A plurality of positioning pins 105 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the fixing nut 104. A plurality of clamping grooves 103 are evenly arranged at both ends of the steel pipe 101. The clamping grooves 103 are clamped and fixed with the positioning pins 105. With the clamping installation of the clamping grooves 103 and the positioning pins 105, not only the installation efficiency of the threaded sleeve 102 is improved, but also the rotation of the threaded sleeve 102 is prevented when the screw rod 106 rotates, thereby ensuring the rotation adjustment accuracy of the screw rod 106. The fixing nut 104 is matched with the threaded sleeve 102 and the inner walls of both are threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod 106. Therefore, in actual use, only the screw rod 106 needs to be rotated inside the threaded sleeve 102 and the fixing nut 104, and then the telescopic length of the screw rod 106 is adjusted to achieve the plugging and supporting effect on the mine backfill openings with different widths and lengths.

[0031] The other end of the screw rod 106 is provided with a connecting platform 108. One end of the screw rod 106 away from the steel pipe 101 is threadedly connected with an installation nut 107. The other end of the installation nut 107 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting platform 108. The connecting platform 108 is installed and fixed to the end of the screw rod 106 by means of the installation nut 107. A controller is arranged inside the connecting platform 108, and the controller electrically controls each electrical component. The side wall of the connecting platform 108 is matched with the end of the screw rod 106. Therefore, the connecting platform 108 can also limit the end of the screw rod 106 to prevent the installation nut 107 from rotating too much with the screw rod 106 and reducing the thread fixing effect with the screw rod 106.

[0032] An elastic column 109 is arranged at the axis center of the connecting platform 108. The elastic column 109 has elasticity. The other end of the elastic column 109 is provided with a spherical end 112. The elastic connection between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 is realized by means of the elastic column 109, thereby ensuring the subsequent precise adjustment of the position of the steel pipe 101 and the self-adaptive support and fixing effect. A plurality of pressure sensors 113 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the spherical end 112. The pressure sensors 113 are used to detect the pressure value received at the end of the spherical end 112. A plurality of support sleeves 110 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the connecting platform 108. The arrangement of the support sleeves 110 not only improves the elastic support stability of the spherical end 112, but also correspondingly adjusts the supporting force of the support sleeves 110 on the spherical end 112 when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensors 113 changes, thereby adjusting the position of the spherical end 112 and ensuring the installation accuracy and support stability of the steel pipe 101.

[0033] One end of the support sleeve 110 away from the connection platform 108 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end 112. A connection spring 111 is provided on the side wall of the connection platform 108 and inside the support sleeve 110. The other end of the connection spring 111 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end 112. The setting of the connection spring 111 realizes the elastic reset effect of the support sleeve 110. At the same time, when the support sleeve 110 expands and contracts, it synchronously drives the position of the spherical end 112 to change, thereby ensuring the connection and fixation effect of the spherical end 112.

[0034] An expansion cavity 117 is formed inside the support sleeve 110. A plurality of sinking grooves 115 are evenly formed on the circumferential side surface of the connection platform 108. An air pump 116 is provided inside the sinking grooves 115. The air pump 116 has the functions of air extraction and exhaust. One ends of the plurality of sinking grooves 115 close to each other are all provided with air guide holes 114. The other ends of the air guide holes 114 pass through the connection platform 108 and are communicated with the inside of the expansion cavity 117. The output end of the air pump 116 is communicated with the inside of the air guide hole 114. The air guide hole 114 communicates the air pump 116 with the expansion cavity 117 inside the support sleeve 110. When the air pump 116 is started, the gas flows along the air guide hole 114 inside the expansion cavity 117. The amount of gas inside the expansion cavity 117 changes and correspondingly drives the support sleeve 110 to undergo elastic changes, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the supporting force at different positions of the spherical end 112.

[0035] The fixing assembly 2 includes a bowl-shaped head 204. A docking groove 205 is formed inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The inner wall of the docking groove 205 matches the outer surface of the spherical end 112. When performing plugging and supporting assembly, the spherical end 112 can be placed inside the docking groove 205. One end of the bowl-shaped head 204 away from the steel pipe 101 is provided with a threaded cover 203. The other end of the threaded cover 203 is provided with an anchor rod 201. The end of the anchor rod 201 is provided with an external thread 202. The internal thread inside the threaded cover 203 is threadedly fixed to the outer surface of the external thread 202. The anchor rod 201 is inserted into the wall of the mine backfill roadway opening. Therefore, when assembling, first drill a hole in the wall of the mine backfill roadway opening, insert the anchor rod 201 into the hole, and then threadedly fix it by means of the threaded cover 203 and the external thread 202 at the end of the anchor rod 201, thereby completing the installation and fixation of the bowl-shaped head 204.

[0036] The clamping component 3 includes a snap ring 301. The snap ring 301 mainly installs, connects and fixes multiple horizontal and vertical steel pipes 101, and facilitates the subsequent suspension of the steel bar mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth. An inner groove 302 is formed inside the snap ring 301. The inner wall of the inner groove 302 is clamped and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe 101. Then, during actual installation, only the horizontal steel pipe 101 needs to be inserted into the inner groove 302 for horizontal installation and fixation. Insertion holes 303 are formed inside the snap ring 301. The inner wall of the insertion hole 303 matches the outer surface of the steel pipe 101 perpendicular to the inner groove 302. The insertion hole 303 and the inner groove 302 are perpendicular and staggered with each other. Then, the vertical steel pipe 101 is inserted into the insertion hole 303, so as to ensure that adjacent steel pipes 101 are vertically and staggeredly distributed. At the same time, the vertical steel pipe 101 can also block and clamp the steel pipe 101 inside the inner groove 302 to prevent the steel pipe 101 inside the inner groove 302 from sliding out, further improving the stability and support of subsequent installation and fixation.

[0037] A threaded hole 304 is formed on one side of the snap ring 301. The threaded hole 304 is located on the side of the snap ring 301 away from the insertion hole 303. A fastening bolt 305 is threadedly connected inside the threaded hole 304. The end of the fastening bolt 305 is extruded and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe 101. After the steel pipe 101 is assembled, only the fastening bolt 305 needs to be rotated. Then, the fastening bolt 305 threadedly moves inside the threaded hole 304 and its end is clamped and fixed to the outer surface of the horizontal steel pipe 101, further improving the friction limiting effect on the position of the steel pipe 101. A hanging ring 306 is provided at the end of the snap ring 301 away from the fastening bolt 305. The end of the hanging ring 306 suspends the steel bar mesh and the dust-proof filter cloth. After the installation and fixation of multiple steel pipes 101 are completed, the required steel bar mesh and dust-proof filter cloth are suspended at the end of the hanging ring 306. Then, the filling material is directly introduced into the mine and the plugging process is completed.

[0038] When the mine backfill roadway orifice plugging and supporting device is actually used, first, holes are drilled at different positions inside the mine backfill roadway orifice, and it is ensured that multiple drilling positions are on the same plane. Then, the anchor rod 201 is inserted into the hole, and the external thread 202 at the end of the anchor rod 201 is threadedly fixed and connected to the internal thread of the threaded cover 203, so as to realize the installation and fixation of the bowl-shaped head 204, facilitating the subsequent support and fixation of the steel pipe 101.

[0039] After the fixing of the bowl-shaped head 204 is completed, a suitable steel pipe 101 is selected according to the distance between the two corresponding bowl-shaped heads 204, and the length difference of the steel pipes 101 is within a 40 cm difference, so as to ensure that the installation length is within the range of 1 - 2 meters and 7 - 8 meters, realizing the adaptability and adjustability to the mine backfill roadway entrance. Threaded sleeves 102 are inserted at both ends of the hollow cavity 118 inside the steel pipe 101, and the positioning pins 105 at the ends of the threaded sleeves 102 are clamped and fixed with the card slots 103, further improving the installation accuracy and positioning and fixing effect of the threaded sleeves 102. At the same time, the end of the fixing nut 104 is driven by the threaded sleeve 102 to be in extrusion contact with the side wall of the steel pipe 101. Then, a screw rod 106 is rotatably connected inside the fixing nut 104 and the threaded sleeve 102. The screw rod 106 is threadedly connected with the internal threads of the threaded sleeve 102 and the fixing nut 104 and the telescopic length of the screw rod 106 is correspondingly adjusted. The telescopic length of the single-sided screw rod 106 is within the range of 0 - 30 cm. Therefore, each plugging and supporting device varies within 60, further improving the installation accuracy and stability.

[0040] At the same time, a spherical end 112 is installed at one end of the screw rod 106 away from the steel pipe 101, and the installation nut 107 is rotationally threadedly connected with the end of the screw rod 106, so that the end of the screw rod 106 is in extrusion contact with the side wall of the connecting platform 108. At the same time, according to the length of the selected steel pipe 101, the controller controls the starting degree of the air pump 116. If the length of the steel pipe 101 is larger, the controller controls multiple air pumps 116 to start synchronously, and the suction force applied to the inside of the air guide hole 114 is greater. The suction force applied to the inside of the expansion cavity 117 by the air guide hole 114 is greater, and the amount of gas inside the expansion cavity 117 correspondingly decreases. The volumes of multiple support sleeves 110 decrease and drive the spherical end 112 to squeeze the elastic column 109 and the connecting spring 111 to move towards the connecting platform 108 end. The distance between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 decreases, and the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic column 109 increases. Thus, it is ensured that the steel pipe 101 is in a flat state when the spherical end 112 is clamped and fixed with the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 subsequently, effectively improving the support stability and flatness of the steel pipe 101.

[0041] At the same time, the screw rod 106 is rotated to make the connecting platform 108 move away from the steel pipe 101 end. The connecting platform 108 drives the spherical end 112 to move towards the bowl-shaped head 204 end through the elastic column 109. Then, the spherical end 112 is clamped and fixed with the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The pressure values detected by multiple pressure sensors 113 reach the set first pressure preset value, and thus the installation and fixing of the steel pipe 101 are completed. With the elastic support of the elastic column 109 and the support sleeve 110 for the spherical end 112, it is ensured that the spherical ends 112 at both ends of the steel pipe 101 can still be clamped and fixed with the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 even when there is an angle between the spherical ends 112 and the steel pipe 101.

[0042] After installing multiple horizontal steel pipes 101 in sequence according to the above process, the inner groove 302 inside the snap ring 301 is clamped and fixed to the outer surface of the horizontal steel pipe 101. Then, a vertical steel pipe 101 is inserted into the insertion hole 303, and the above process is repeated to block and support the vertical steel pipe 101, and it is ensured that the spherical end 112 is clamped and fixed to the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. After the installation is completed, the fastening bolt 305 is rotated. The fastening bolt 305 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 304 and its end is frictionally pressed and fixed to the outer surface of the horizontal steel pipe 101, and it cooperates with the vertical steel pipe 101 inside the insertion hole 303 to realize the vertical and staggered splicing of multiple steel pipes 101, further improving the blocking and supporting effect of multiple steel pipes 101.

[0043] At the same time, when installing and fixing multiple steel pipes 101 in a vertical state through multiple snap rings 301, multiple steel pipes 101 are constantly twisted and in the same plane. However, since the drilling positions in the mine backfill roadway wall cannot be exactly the same, the positions of multiple bowl-shaped heads 204 cannot be in the same plane and match multiple steel pipes 101. Then, as the position of the steel pipe 101 is constantly straightened, the extrusion force exerted by the spherical end 112 at the same end as the straightening direction on the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 increases continuously. The spherical ends 112 on both sides of the same steel pipe 101 reverse in opposite directions, and the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 113 opposite to each other of the two spherical ends 112 increase continuously and are greater than the set first pressure preset value and less than the set second pressure preset value. At this time, in order to prevent the extrusion force received by the spherical end 112 from being uniform and reducing the blocking and supporting effect, the controller controls the air pump 116 on this side to start and discharge gas into the air guide hole 114. The gas inside the air guide hole 114 continuously moves into the expansion cavity 117 inside the support sleeve 110. The gas volume inside the expansion cavity 117 increases continuously and drives the volume of the support sleeve 110 to increase. The thrust exerted by the support sleeve 110 on the spherical end 112 increases.

[0044] Similarly, the controller controls the air pump 116 in the opposite direction to start and apply a suction force. The gas inside the expansion cavity 117 is discharged along the air guide hole 114. The gas volume inside the expansion cavity 117 decreases continuously and the volume of the support sleeve 110 decreases continuously. The support sleeve 110 pulls the spherical end 112 to move correspondingly. Then, the spherical end 112 squeezes the elastic column 109 to move in the opposite direction to the twisting direction of the steel pipe 101 and reduces the extrusion force exerted on the inner wall of the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The pressure values detected by multiple pressure sensors 113 decrease continuously and reach the set first pressure preset value. On the basis of ensuring that multiple steel pipes 101 are vertically and staggeredly distributed, the correction and positioning of the position of the spherical end 112 inside the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 are realized, and the blocking and supporting effect is improved.

[0045] After completing the vertical misalignment fixation of multiple steel pipes 101, a steel bar mesh and a dust-proof filter cloth are correspondingly suspended above the lifting rings 306, thereby realizing the blockage of the mine backfill entrance. Then, fillers are continuously introduced into the mine and blocked. When the fillers in the mine increase continuously, the extrusion force applied to the multiple steel pipes 101 increases correspondingly. The steel pipes 101 move away from the mine end. The corresponding steel pipes 101 drive the spherical ends 112 on both sides to move away from the mine end and increase the extrusion force applied to the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. The pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 113 at the mine-away end increases and is greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, and the second pressure preset value is greater than the first pressure preset value. At this time, it indicates that there are fillers at this position of the steel pipe 101.

[0046] In order to prevent the excessive extrusion force exerted by the fillers on the side wall of the steel pipe 101 and cause deformation and damage to the steel pipe 101, the controller controls multiple air pumps 116 to start simultaneously and introduce gas into the air guide holes 114. The gas in the air guide holes 114 moves to the other end and enters the expansion cavity 117. The gas volume in the expansion cavity 117 increases and drives the volume of the support sleeve 110 to increase. The support sleeve 110 drives the spherical end 112 to move away from the steel pipe 101 end. The extrusion force between the spherical end 112 and the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 increases and correspondingly increases the friction force between them, ensuring the support and blocking effect of the spherical end 112 driving the steel pipe 101.

[0047] And in order to improve the limit and blocking effect of the steel pipe 101 on the fillers in the mine, the controller controls the gas discharge volume of the air pumps 116 near the mine end to be greater than the gas discharge volume of the air pumps 116 at the mine-away end. The corresponding air pumps 116 introduce a larger amount of gas into the expansion cavity 117 through the air guide holes 114. The volume increase of the support sleeve 110 near the mine end is greater than the volume increase of the support sleeve 110 at the mine-away end. Then, the support sleeve 110 exerts a thrust on the spherical end 112 and, under the elastic force of the elastic column 109, increases the reverse support force of the steel pipe 101 on the fillers in the mine, effectively preventing the excessive elastic deformation of the elastic column 109 driven by the steel pipe 101 and causing disengagement loss, and improving the blocking and support quality and effect of the steel pipe 101 on the mine backfill entrance.

[0048] As the filling material inside the mine backfill portal continuously increases in quantity and height, when the filling material reaches its maximum value, the extrusion pressure exerted on the steel pipe 101 by the filling material reaches its maximum value. The pressure values detected by multiple pressure sensors 113 far from the mine end continuously increase and reach the set maximum pressure preset value. If the maximum pressure preset value is greater than the set second pressure preset value, it indicates that the filling material inside the mine has reached its maximum value. Then, stop introducing the filling material into the mine and wait for subsequent demolition.

[0049] After completing the plugging and support of the mine backfill portal, reverse-rotate the fastening bolt 305 so that the end of the fastening bolt 305 disengages from the extrusion fixation of the outer surface of the steel pipe 101. The controller controls multiple air pumps 116 to start and apply a suction force to the air guide holes 114. The gas inside the expansion cavity 117 continuously discharges along the air guide holes 114. The gas volume inside the expansion cavity 117 continuously decreases, driving the volume of the support sleeve 110 to continuously decrease. The support sleeve 110 drives the spherical end 112 to squeeze the elastic column 109 to move towards the connecting platform 108 end to the maximum distance. The distance between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 continuously decreases to the minimum value. Correspondingly, the clamping and extrusion force between the spherical end 112 and the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 continuously decreases and disengages. Then, reverse-rotate the rotating screw 106. The screw 106 continuously engages with the threaded sleeve 102 and the fixing nut 104 and drives the connecting platform 108 to move towards the steel pipe 101 end and contract. Then, take out multiple steel pipes 101 from the mine. At the same time, reverse-rotate the mounting nut 107 and remove the connecting platform 108. Correspondingly, reverse-rotate the threaded cover 203 and remove the bowl-shaped head 204. The anchor bolt 201 remains inserted in the hole in the inner wall of the mine, thus completing the rapid demolition of the plugging and support device for the mine backfill portal, reducing the operation difficulty and improving the operation efficiency.

[0050] When it is necessary to plug and support the mine backfill portals at other positions, repeat the above process to install, fix, and adjust the steel pipe 101.

[0051] The plugging and supporting device for the mine backfilling roadway opening is simple to operate, safe and stable, meets the needs of most mines, has high plugging and supporting efficiency, good plugging and supporting effect, strong adaptability and good controllability. At the same time, steel pipes 101 of different lengths are selected according to the different sizes of the mine backfilling roadway openings, and the distance between the spherical end 112 and the connecting platform 108 is adjusted accordingly, further improving the supporting stability and efficiency of the steel pipes 101 to meet the plugging and supporting requirements for different mine backfilling roadway openings. And after the correction and installation of multiple vertically misaligned steel pipes 101, the supporting force of the supporting sleeve 110 on the spherical end 112 is adjusted correspondingly to ensure the friction correction and fixing effect of the spherical end 112 in the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204. Then, when filling materials are introduced into the mine, the extrusion friction force between the spherical end 112 and the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204 is increased correspondingly to ensure the limiting and supporting effect of the spherical end 112 on the steel pipe 101, and the reverse plugging and supporting effect of the steel pipe 101 on the filling materials inside the mine is improved correspondingly. When the introduction of the filling materials inside the mine is completed, the volume of the supporting sleeve 110 decreases and drives the spherical end 112 to move towards the connecting platform 108 end to the maximum distance, and the spherical end 112 quickly disengages from the docking groove 205 inside the bowl-shaped head 204, thereby improving the demolition efficiency and effect, reducing the installation intensity of the operators and improving the installation efficiency.

[0052] Second Embodiment This embodiment discloses a method for using a plugging and supporting device for a mine backfilling roadway opening, including the following steps: S1. Install multiple bowl-shaped heads 204 on the inner wall of the mine. The distance between the connecting platform 108 and the end of the steel pipe 101 is adjusted by means of the telescopic screw 106 at both ends of the steel pipe 101. The spherical end 112 is squeezed and fixed with the bowl-shaped head 204, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 113 reaches the set first pressure preset value.

[0053] S2. When the length of the steel pipe 101 increases, the volume of the supporting sleeve 110 decreases and drives the spherical end 112 to squeeze the elastic column 109 and move towards the connecting platform 108 end, and the distance between the spherical end 112 and the end of the steel pipe 101 decreases.

[0054] S3. The snap ring 301 is used for vertically misaligned installation of multiple steel pipes 101. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 113 on one side of the spherical end 112 increases and is greater than the set first pressure preset value and less than the set second pressure preset value, the volume of the corresponding supporting sleeve 110 increases and drives the spherical end 112 to rotate and tilt in the opposite direction.

[0055] S4. As the internal filling material in the mine continuously increases and the extrusion pressure exerted on the sidewall of the steel pipe 101 increases, when the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors 113 at the end of the steel pipe 101 away from the mine all increase and are greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, the volumes of the multiple support sleeves 110 all increase and drive the spherical end 112 to move away from the connecting platform 108, and the extrusion friction force between the spherical end 112 and the bowl-shaped head 204 increases.

[0056] S5. When the amount of internal filling material in the mine continuously increases and reaches the set maximum value, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 113 at the end away from the mine reaches the set maximum pressure value, the volume of the support sleeve 110 decreases and drives the spherical end 112 to move towards the connecting platform 108 to the maximum distance, and the spherical end 112 is disengaged from the snap connection with the bowl-shaped head 204.

[0057] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mine backfill tunnel plugging support device, characterized in that: It comprises a support component (1), two fixing components (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support component (1), and a plurality of clamping components (3) are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the support component (1); The support assembly (1) comprises a steel pipe (101), both sides of the steel pipe (101) are movably connected with screw rods (106), the other end of the screw rod (106) is provided with a connecting platform (108), the axis of the connecting platform (108) is provided with an elastic column (109), the other end of the elastic column (109) is provided with a spherical end (112), the outer surface of the spherical end (112) is evenly provided with a plurality of pressure sensors (113), and the side wall of the connecting platform (108) is evenly provided with a plurality of supporting sleeves (110); The fixing assembly (2) comprises a bowl-shaped head (204); The clamping assembly (3) comprises a clamping ring (301).

2. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of steel pipes (101) have different lengths. A hollow cavity (118) is provided inside the steel pipe (101). A threaded sleeve (102) is sealingly and slidably connected inside the hollow cavity (118). The internal thread of the threaded sleeve (102) is fixedly connected to the outer surface thread of the screw rod (106).

3. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A fixing nut (104) is provided at one end of the threaded sleeve (102) away from the steel pipe (101); a plurality of positioning pins (105) are evenly provided on the side wall of the fixing nut (104); a plurality of clamping grooves (103) are evenly provided at both ends of the steel pipe (101); the clamping grooves (103) are clamped and fixed with the positioning pins (105); the fixing nut (104) and the threaded sleeve (102) match each other, and the inner walls of the fixing nut (104) are threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod (106).

4. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the screw rod (106) away from the steel pipe (101) is threadedly connected to a mounting nut (107), and the other end of the mounting nut (107) is fixedly connected to a side wall of a connecting platform (108). A controller is provided inside the connecting platform (108), and the controller electrically controls various electrical components. The side wall of the connecting platform (108) matches the end of the screw rod (106).

5. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic column (109) has elasticity, and one end of the support sleeve (110) away from the connection platform (108) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end (112). A connection spring (111) is provided on the side wall of the connection platform (108) and located inside the support sleeve (110), and the other end of the connection spring (111) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the spherical end (112).

6. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion cavity (117) is provided inside the support sleeve (110), a plurality of sink grooves (115) are evenly provided on the peripheral side surface of the connection platform (108), an air pump (116) is provided inside the sink grooves (115), and an air guide hole (114) is provided at one end of the plurality of sink grooves (115) close to each other, the other end of the air guide hole (114) passes through the connection platform (108) and is connected to the inside of the expansion cavity (117), the output end of the air pump (116) is connected to the inside of the air guide hole (114), and the pressure sensor (113) is used to detect the pressure value received by the end of the spherical end head (112).

7. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A docking groove (205) is provided inside the bowl-shaped head (204), the inner wall of the docking groove (205) matches the outer surface of the spherical end head (112), a threaded cover (203) is provided at one end of the bowl-shaped head (204) away from the steel pipe (101), an anchor rod (201) is provided at the other end of the threaded cover (203), an external thread (202) is provided at the end of the anchor rod (201), the internal thread inside the threaded cover (203) is threadedly fixedly connected to the outer surface of the external thread (202), and the anchor rod (201) is inserted into the wall of the backfill lane of the mine.

8. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner groove (302) is provided inside the clamping ring (301), and the inner wall of the inner groove (302) is clamped and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe (101). A plug-in hole (303) is provided inside the clamping ring (301), and the inner wall of the plug-in hole (303) matches the outer surface of the steel pipe (101). The plug-in hole (303) and the inner groove (302) are perpendicular to each other.

9. The mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded hole (304) is provided on one side of the clamping ring (301), a fastening bolt (305) is connected to the inner thread of the threaded hole (304), an end of the fastening bolt (305) is pressed and fixed to the outer surface of the steel pipe (101), and a lifting ring (306) is provided at the end of the clamping ring (301) away from the fastening bolt (305), and a steel mesh and a dust filter cloth are suspended at the end of the lifting ring (306).

10. The method for using the mine backfill tunnel plugging support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. A plurality of the bowl-shaped heads (204) are installed on the inner wall of the mine, the two ends of the steel pipe (101) are telescopically adjusted by means of screw rods (106) to adjust the distance between the connecting platform (108) and the end of the steel pipe (101), the spherical end head (112) and the bowl-shaped head (204) are pressed and fixed, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) reaches a set first pressure preset value; S2. When the length of the steel pipe (101) increases, the volume of the support sleeve (110) decreases and drives the spherical end head (112) to squeeze the elastic column (109) and move toward the end close to the connecting platform (108), and the distance between the spherical end head (112) and the end of the steel pipe (101) decreases; S3, the clamping ring (301) is used to vertically stagger the plurality of steel pipes (101), and when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) on one side of the spherical end head (112) increases and is greater than a set first pressure preset value and less than a set second pressure preset value, the volume of the support sleeve (110) at the corresponding position increases and drives the spherical end head (112) to rotate and tilt in the opposite direction; S4, when the filling material inside the mine continues to increase and the extrusion pressure exerted on the side wall of the steel pipe (101) increases, and the pressure values ​​detected by the pressure sensor (113) at the end of the same steel pipe (101) far from the mine all increase and are greater than the set second pressure preset value and less than the set maximum pressure preset value, the volumes of the plurality of support sleeves (110) all increase and drive the spherical end heads (112) to move toward the end far from the connecting platform (108), and the extrusion friction force between the spherical end heads (112) and the bowl-shaped head (204) increases; S5. When the amount of filling material inside the mine increases continuously and reaches a set maximum value, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (113) at the end far from the mine reaches the set maximum pressure value, the volume of the support sleeve (110) decreases and drives the spherical end head (112) to move to the end close to the connecting platform (108) to the maximum distance, and the spherical end head (112) is disengaged from the clamping fixation with the bowl-shaped head (204).

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