Hybrid material bionic layered casing

Abstract

A hybrid material bionic layered case (1) containing blades (2), in which the hybrid material bionic layered case (1) is formed from a hybrid material comprising a negative Poisson's ratio composite material (11) and a metal material (12), the hybrid material being formed into a bionic layered structure, the negative Poisson's ratio composite material (11) is provided as a hard phase in the bionic layered structure, and the metal material (12) is provided as a soft phase in the bionic layered structure. By means of the hybrid material bionic layered casing, the overall mass and size can be reduced, and meanwhile the overall structural strength of the casing can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bionic laminated casing made of hybrid materials, and more specifically, to a bionic laminated casing made of hybrid materials in a bionic laminated structure formed by hybrid materials including negative Poisson's ratio composite materials and metal materials. Background Art

[0002] The casing of an aeroengine is an important load-bearing and force-transmitting component of the engine. Loads such as thrust from the engine are transmitted to the aircraft through the mounting lugs provided on the casing. Moreover, the casing supports the rotor and fixes the stator, and together with other components, constitutes the air flow passage of the engine.

[0003] The containment capacity of the casing of an aeroengine directly affects the safety of the aircraft. At the highest transient speed allowed by the aeroengine, the casing should be able to contain the blade fragments generated by the failure and fracture of the fan, compressor or turbine blades, and prevent the blade fragments from flying out and causing the destruction of the aircraft and the death of people.

[0004] According to the materials used, the casings of conventional aeroengines can be generally divided into metal casings and composite material casings.

[0005] The above-mentioned metal casing is relatively strong and has a relatively strong containment capacity for blade fragments, etc. However, the metal material causes the mass of the casing to be too large, resulting in a large labor cost during the process of assembling it to the aircraft, and causing the mass of the aircraft to increase accordingly, thus resulting in a high fuel consumption and an increase in the operating cost of the aircraft.

[0006] Compared with the metal casing, the above-mentioned composite material casing has more excellent mechanical properties and is lighter in mass. However, the thickness of the composite material casing is larger, resulting in an increase in the overall radius size of the aeroengine, thus making the volume of the composite material casing too large, the overall structural design becoming complex, and not being able to install too many external accessories. In addition, the manufacturing process of the composite material casing is relatively complex, and its strength and stiffness need to be further improved.

[0007] In addition, a multi-layer casing composed of a metal casing and a composite material casing has also been proposed. Although this multi-layer casing can, to a certain extent, combine the advantages of the two types of material casings, improving both the containment capacity of the casing and being able to reduce the mass of the casing, this multi-layer casing cannot form a good strong connection interface between the metal casing and the composite material casing, the acting force at the connection interface is poor, and the excellent mechanical properties of the metal and the composite material cannot be fully exerted.

[0008] However, there is less research on casings with a hybrid structure of metal materials and composite materials having a strong connection interface at present.

[0009] Therefore, how to design a hybrid structure casing that can improve the overall strength and the containment ability for blade fragments while ensuring a light weight and small volume of the casing has become a technical problem to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present disclosure is made to solve the above technical problems, and its purpose is to provide a hybrid material bionic layered casing. Through the above hybrid material bionic layered casing, the overall structural strength of the casing can be improved while reducing the overall mass and volume.

[0011] To achieve the purpose of the present disclosure, a hybrid material bionic layered casing is provided. The above hybrid material bionic layered casing contains the above blades. The above hybrid material bionic layered casing is formed of a hybrid material including a negative Poisson's ratio composite material and a metal material. The above hybrid material is formed into a bionic layered structure. The above negative Poisson's ratio composite material is set as the hard phase in the above bionic layered structure, and the above metal material is set as the soft phase in the above bionic layered structure.

[0012] According to the above composition, through the hybrid material bionic layered casing formed of a hybrid material including a negative Poisson's ratio composite material and a metal material into a bionic layered structure, the overall mass and overall volume of the casing can be reduced while improving the overall structural strength of the casing, thereby enhancing the containment ability for fragments such as blades.

[0013] Preferably, the above metal material is aluminum, iron or other alloy materials.

[0014] According to the above composition, common materials can be used as the metal material, which is simple and convenient to manufacture and has a low cost.

[0015] Preferably, the above negative Poisson's ratio composite material includes a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers, and the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers are laid in layers in the above metal material.

[0016] According to the above composition, through the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers laid in layers in the metal material, the negative Poisson's ratio effect of each layer of negative Poisson's ratio composite material can be utilized to improve the interfacial connection force of the metal material connected thereto, thereby improving the overall structural strength of the casing.

[0017] Preferably, each of the above plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers is composed of a negative Poisson's ratio fiber reinforced composite material, a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb composite material or other types of negative Poisson's ratio materials.

[0018] Preferably, the materials forming the above plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers are different from each other.

[0019] Constructed as described above, each of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio layers can be formed of different negative Poisson's ratio materials according to actual usage requirements, so as to maximize the role of the negative Poisson's ratio materials and improve the overall structural strength of the casing.

[0020] Preferably, each of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio layers includes multiple negative Poisson's ratio units, and the unit lengths of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio units are different.

[0021] Constructed as described above, it is not necessary to make the lengths of each negative Poisson's ratio unit in each of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio layers exactly the same, which can simplify the manufacturing process and facilitate operation.

[0022] Preferably, the unit length of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio units is not less than twice the unit spacing between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units.

[0023] Constructed as described above, by designing the structural dimensions as above, the negative Poisson's ratio effect of the negative Poisson's ratio material can be maximized to better improve the overall structural strength.

[0024] Preferably, during the manufacturing process of the above-mentioned hybrid material bionic layered casing, the layer spacing between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio layers is changed by adjusting the amount of the above-mentioned metal material during each pouring, the unit spacing between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units is changed by adjusting the intermittent time of pouring the negative Poisson's ratio units, and the unit length of the negative Poisson's ratio units is changed by adjusting the duration of pouring the negative Poisson's ratio units.

[0025] Constructed as described above, the hybrid material bionic layered casing of the present invention can be manufactured through simple manufacturing processes, and the structural dimensions of the negative Poisson's ratio material can be adjusted through simple steps to change the fracture toughness and impact resistance and energy absorption characteristics of the hybrid material bionic layered casing to adapt to different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] With reference to the above objectives, the technical features of the present invention are clearly described in the following technical solutions, and its advantages are obvious from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings. The drawings show the preferred embodiments of the present invention by way of example and do not limit the scope of the inventive concept.

[0027] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the hybrid material bionic layered casing of the present invention. SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

[0028] 1 Hybrid material bionic layered casing; 11 Negative Poisson's ratio composite material; 11a, 11b, 11c Negative Poisson's ratio layers; 100 negative Poisson's ratio units; 12 metallic materials; 2 blades; H layer spacing; W unit spacing; L unit length. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the detailed implementation manners and the drawings. In the following description, more details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention is obviously capable of being implemented in many other ways different from this description. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions according to the actual application situation without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this detailed implementation manner.

[0030] For example, when the first feature described subsequently in the specification is formed above or on the second feature, it may include an implementation manner in which the first feature and the second feature are formed by a direct connection manner, and may also include an implementation manner in which additional features are formed between the first feature and the second feature, so that the first feature and the second feature may not be directly connected. Further, when the first element is described as being connected or combined with the second element, this description includes an implementation manner in which the first element and the second element are directly connected or combined with each other, and also includes an implementation manner in which one or more other intervening elements are added to indirectly connect or combine the first element and the second element.

[0031] Hereinafter, with reference to Figure 1 , the overall structure of the hybrid material bionic layered casing 1 of the present invention will be described. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the hybrid material bionic layered casing 1 of the present invention.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the hybrid material bionic layered casing 1 of the present invention is arranged outside the blade 2 and mainly composed of a negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 and a metallic material 12. The above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 and the above-mentioned metallic material 12 are stacked in the form of a bionic layered structure.

[0033] The above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio composite material refers to a class of composite materials with a negative Poisson's ratio effect, which will undergo an expansion deformation effect perpendicular to the compression direction under an external load.

[0034] Moreover, the negative Poisson's ratio effect of the material can make the material gather more densely towards the impact area and improve the ability to resist indentation. In contrast, for traditional materials, the axial impact load will cause the material to separate to both sides. Therefore, its hardness will be significantly lower than that of the negative Poisson's ratio material.

[0035] The above-mentioned bionic layered structure refers to a special "Brick-and-mortar" stacking fault structure in bones, teeth, and nacre in shells in nature.

[0036] Materials in nature, such as bones, teeth, and shells, have high strength, high toughness, and good defect tolerance performance. Their excellent properties are mainly due to the special "Brick-and-mortar" stacking fault structure.

[0037] In the present invention, metal material 12 is used to replace the soft phase "mortar" in the bionic layered structure, and the negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 is used to replace the hard phase "brick" in the bionic layered structure, so as to form a hybrid material bionic layered casing 1 with high strength, high toughness, and good defect tolerance performance.

[0038] Due to the tensile expansion characteristics of the above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11, when the casing is impacted by a broken blade, the tensile expansion characteristics of the negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 set as the hard phase during the tensioning process can be used to further enhance the interfacial connection with the metal material 12 set as the soft phase, and the crack propagation and the pulling-out process of the negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 can be suppressed, thereby improving the fracture toughness.

[0039] As described above, the hybrid material bionic layered casing 1 of the present invention is made of a hard-phase negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 and a soft-phase metal material 12 through a special process.

[0040] As the hard phase in the bionic layered structure, the above-mentioned hard-phase negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 can be a negative Poisson's ratio fiber-reinforced composite material, a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb composite material, or a negative Poisson's ratio composite material composed of a negative Poisson's ratio fiber-reinforced composite material, a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb composite material, or other types of negative Poisson's ratio materials.

[0041] As the soft phase in the bionic layered structure, the above-mentioned soft-phase metal material 12 can be common aero-engine casing materials, such as aluminum, iron, or other alloy materials, etc.

[0042] Specifically, due to its impact resistance and energy absorption characteristics, when the casing is impacted by a broken blade, as the hard-phase negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb composite material, due to the negative Poisson's ratio effect, the honeycomb composite material will gather towards the load center action area and become denser, thereby further enhancing the energy absorption capacity of the structure.

[0043] As Figure 1As shown, the above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 is formed by multiple layers of negative Poisson's ratio composite materials, namely negative Poisson's ratio layers 11a to 11c. The negative Poisson's ratio composite materials forming the above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio layers 11a to 11c can be the same or different.

[0044] By adjusting the material types of the respective negative Poisson's ratio layers 11a to 11c in the negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 of the hard phase, such as negative Poisson's ratio fiber-reinforced composite materials, negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb composite materials or other types of negative Poisson's ratio composite materials, the fracture toughness and impact-resistant energy absorption characteristics of the bionic laminated casing 1 of the hybrid material can be changed.

[0045] In addition, each of the above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio layers 11a to 11c is composed of multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 100, and the cross-sections of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 100 are formed in a strip shape.

[0046] When the unit length of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 100 is set as the unit length L, the distance between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units 100 is set as the unit distance W, and the layer distance between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio layers is set as the layer distance H, the unit length L of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 100 generally needs to be not less than twice the unit distance W between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units 100 so as to better exert the function of the negative Poisson's ratio material.

[0047] By adjusting the unit length L of the multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 100, the unit distance W between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units 100, and the layer distance H between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio layers in the negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11, the yield strength, fracture toughness and defect tolerance performance of the bionic laminated casing 1 of the hybrid material can be changed, thereby achieving the goal of improving the containment ability of the bionic laminated casing 1 of the hybrid material for blade fragments.

[0048] Hereinafter, a manufacturing method of the bionic laminated casing 1 of the hybrid material of the present invention will be briefly described.

[0049] Generally, the bionic laminated casing 1 of the hybrid material of the present invention is manufactured by a casting method. First, an appropriate amount of metal material 12 is cast in a mold. After that, after the metal material 12 is appropriately cooled, a negative Poisson's ratio layer 11a is cast on the surface of the metal material 12. The multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 100 can be formed by an intermittent casting method. During the intermittent casting process, the unit length L of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 100 and the unit distance W between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units 100 are changed by controlling the length of the intermittent time, but generally controlled such that the unit length L of the negative Poisson's ratio unit 100 generally needs to be not less than twice the unit distance W between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units 100.

[0050] After laying a layer of negative Poisson's ratio layer 11a on the surface of the metallic material 12, continue to pour the metallic material 12 on top of this negative Poisson's ratio layer 11a, and then continue to lay a layer of negative Poisson's ratio layer 11b on top of the newly poured metallic material, and so on in a cycle until the bionic layered casing 1 of the hybrid material of the present invention is manufactured.

[0051] During the process of laying the negative Poisson's ratio layer, different negative Poisson's ratio materials such as negative Poisson's ratio fiber-reinforced composite materials and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb composite materials can be used according to needs. In addition, during the process of pouring the metallic material 12, the layer spacing H between adjacent two negative Poisson's ratio layers can be changed by controlling the amount of the poured metallic material 12, and the unit lengths of the above-mentioned multiple negative Poisson's ratio units are not exactly the same. Therefore, it is not necessary to precisely control the time interval when pouring each negative Poisson's ratio unit, which is convenient for manufacturing and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0052] That is to say, as Figure 1 shown, several layers of negative Poisson's ratio layers 11a - 11c similar to the skeleton are formed in the metallic material 12. Due to the negative Poisson's ratio effect of the negative Poisson's ratio material, under the action of an external load, the negative Poisson's ratio material 11 as the hard phase will undergo an expansion deformation effect along the direction perpendicular to the compression direction, so as to ensure the interfacial connection force between it and the metallic material 12 as the soft phase.

[0053] It can be seen from this that through this bionic layered casing 1 of the hybrid material composed of the negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 and the metallic material 12, the strength, fracture toughness, and defect tolerance performance of the casing can be effectively improved, and further the fracture toughness and impact energy absorption effect of the casing can be improved.

[0054] In addition, since the negative Poisson's ratio composite material 11 has a relatively light mass, therefore, the overall mass of the casing can be reduced, and the overall volume can be decreased, thereby improving the overall fuel economy of the aircraft.

[0055] Although the structure and working principle of the present invention have been described above in combination with the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field should recognize that the above examples are only for illustration and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the present invention within the scope of the substantial spirit of the claims, and these modifications and variations will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] For example, in the present invention, an example is shown where the unit length L of the above-mentioned multiple negative Poisson's ratio units 100 generally needs to be not less than twice the unit spacing W between adjacent two negative Poisson's ratio units 100, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and it can also be designed into other structural dimensions according to actual needs as long as it can meet the usage requirements under actual working conditions.

Claims

1. A bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material, the bionic laminated casing of hybrid material enclosing blades (2). Among them, The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material is formed of a hybrid material including a negative Poisson's ratio composite material (11) and a metal material (12), and the hybrid material is formed into a bionic laminated structure. The negative Poisson's ratio composite material (11) is set as the hard phase in the bionic laminated structure. The metal material (12) is set as the soft phase in the bionic laminated structure.

2. The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material according to claim 1. It is characterized in that The metal material (12) is aluminum, iron or other alloy materials.

3. The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material according to claim 2. It is characterized in that The negative Poisson's ratio composite material (11) includes a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers (11a - 11c), and the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers (11a - 11c) are laid in layers in the metal material (12).

4. The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material according to claim 3. It is characterized in that Each of the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers (11a - 11c) is composed of a negative Poisson's ratio fiber - reinforced composite material, a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb composite material or other types of negative Poisson's ratio materials.

5. The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material according to claim 4. It is characterized in that The materials forming the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers (11a - 11c) are different from each other.

6. The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material according to any one of claims 3 to 5. It is characterized in that Each of the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio layers (11a - 11c) includes a plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units (100), and the unit lengths (L) of the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units (100) are different.

7. The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material according to claim 6. It is characterized in that The unit length (L) of the plurality of negative Poisson's ratio units (100) is not less than twice the unit spacing (W) between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units (100).

8. The bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material according to claim 7. It is characterized in that In the process of manufacturing the bionic laminated casing (1) of hybrid material, by adjusting the amount of the metal material (12) during each pouring, the layer spacing (H) between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio layers (11a - 11c) is changed, by adjusting the intermittent time of pouring the negative Poisson's ratio units (100), the unit spacing (W) between two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio units (100) is changed, and by adjusting the duration of pouring the negative Poisson's ratio units (100), the unit length (L) of the negative Poisson's ratio units (100) is changed.

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