Cantilever type adjustable stator and axial flow compressor
By designing the cantilever structure and shoulder structure on the adjustable static vane of the axial flow compressor, the flow loss and vibration problems caused by the complex structure of the adjustable static vane in the prior art are solved, and the effect of simplifying the structure and improving efficiency is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311623545.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
AI Technical Summary
The adjustable static vanes in existing axial flow compressors are complex in structure, resulting in increased flow loss, difficult to manufacture, and there is a phenomenon of stagnation and a complex three-dimensional root flow structure, which is difficult to accurately simulate and measure through numerical simulation and measurement.
A cantilever adjustable static zombie is designed, with its static zombie blades having a shoulder structure. The cantilever structure simplifies the device structure and reduces resonance and flutter phenomena through the shoulders.
It is achieved while simplifying the structure while reducing flow losses, reducing vibration problems, improving device efficiency, and simplifying the manufacturing process.
Smart Images
Figure CN120062154A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a cantilever adjustable stator and an axial flow compressor, and more particularly to a cantilever adjustable stator including cantilever adjustable stator blades with shoulders and an axial flow compressor including the cantilever adjustable stator. Background Art
[0002] In order to solve the problem of mismatch of the front and rear stage flows of an axial flow compressor at different rotational speeds, the front stage thereof is usually designed as a structure of adjustable stator blades. The adjustable stator blades are closed to a certain extent at low rotational speeds and opened to a certain extent at high rotational speeds, so as to ensure the matching of the front and rear stage flows of the axial flow compressor at different rotational speeds.
[0003] Figure 1 FIG. (A) is a schematic view of a conventional axial flow compressor 1', and shows an exemplary structure of a conventional adjustable stator 10'.
[0004] As Figure 1 shown in FIG. (A), the conventional adjustable stator 10' has rotating bosses at both the tip and root of the stator blade 10a', which will seriously interfere with the main flow field in the compressor flow passage. At the same time, there is a part of clearance at the trailing edge of both the tip and root of the stator blade 10a' of the conventional adjustable stator 10'. The air flow leaking from the clearance will interfere with the main flow, resulting in an increase in flow loss.
[0005] In addition, the stator blade 10a' of the conventional adjustable stator 10' is a stationary component. In order to ensure normal rotation and avoid collision, there is a clearance between it and the rotor component 20'. Usually, this part is designed as a sealed cavity structure. However, the cavity structure is relatively complex, the processing difficulty is high, and the air flow leaking from the cavity is easy to mix with the corner region fluid, resulting in a relatively serious corner separation phenomenon, and even inducing stall.
[0006] Generally speaking, the manufacture of the conventional adjustable stator 10' is quite difficult, and the manufacturing cost is high. There will even be a jamming phenomenon at some rotational speeds. Most seriously, there are both root clearance leakage flow and labyrinth leakage flow in the conventional adjustable stator blades, and the two leakage flows will be coupled with each other, forming a very complex root three-dimensional flow structure.
[0007] However, the numerical simulation method cannot accurately simulate the root secondary flow of the adjustable stator blades. And due to the relatively complex root structure of the conventional adjustable stator blades, it is also very difficult for measuring instruments to accurately measure the detailed flow field at this place, which brings great inconvenience to the aerodynamic design work of the compressor.
[0008] Therefore, how to design an adjustable stator that can reduce flow loss while simplifying the structure has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0009] The present disclosure is made to solve the above technical problems, and its purpose is to provide a cantilever adjustable stator and an axial flow compressor including the cantilever adjustable stator. The above cantilever adjustable stator includes a cantilever adjustable stator blade with a shoulder. Through the above cantilever adjustable stator, the structure can be simplified while reducing flow losses, and by providing a shoulder on the stator blade of the above cantilever adjustable stator, the occurrence of phenomena such as resonance and flutter caused by the cantilever structure can be reduced.
[0010] To achieve the purpose of the present disclosure, a cantilever adjustable stator is provided. The above cantilever adjustable stator is applicable to an axial flow compressor. Among them, the above cantilever adjustable stator includes: a rotating shaft, the above rotating shaft is arranged to pass through the casing of the axial flow compressor and is rotatably installed on the above casing, so as to suspend the above cantilever adjustable stator above the casing; and a stator blade, the above stator blade has a blade top and a blade root, and is connected to the above rotating shaft through the above blade top. The above stator blade further includes a shoulder, and the above shoulder is arranged near the leading edge of the above blade root of the above stator blade of the above cantilever adjustable stator.
[0011] According to the above structure, through the adjustable stator of the cantilever structure, the device structure can be simplified, and the flow loss can be reduced. And by providing a shoulder structure on the stator blade of the cantilever adjustable stator, the vibration problem caused by the cantilever structure can be reduced.
[0012] Preferably, the above shoulders are even in number and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the above stator blade of the above cantilever adjustable stator.
[0013] According to the above structure, by symmetrically arranging a plurality of shoulders on two sides of the stator blade, the occurrence of phenomena such as resonance and flutter can be reduced while preventing the generation of new technical problems caused by uneven load distribution.
[0014] Preferably, the above shoulder is arranged at the position where the deformation of the above stator blade is the largest.
[0015] According to the above structure, by arranging the shoulder at the 0.4mm contour line position where the vibration amplitude and deformation of the blade root are the largest, the occurrence of resonance and flutter phenomena can be minimized.
[0016] Preferably, the above shoulder is formed in a rectangular shape, a triangular shape or an elliptical shape.
[0017] According to the above structure, the shoulder can be formed by various simple shape structures, which is simple to manufacture and easy to implement.
[0018] Preferably, there is only one rotating boss at the blade top of the stator blade in the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator, and the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator is cantilever supported by the above-mentioned rotating boss.
[0019] According to the above structure, only one rotating boss needs to be arranged at the blade top of the stator blade, which can simplify the structure and facilitate manufacturing.
[0020] Preferably, the above-mentioned blade top has a front part and a rear part along the chordwise direction, the above-mentioned blade top is connected to the above-mentioned rotating shaft through the above-mentioned front part, and the area of the above-mentioned front part is larger than that of the above-mentioned rear part.
[0021] Preferably, in the blade height direction, the above-mentioned front part of the above-mentioned blade top is higher than the above-mentioned rear part, so that a step is formed on the above-mentioned blade top.
[0022] According to the above structure, by dividing the above-mentioned blade top into two parts, namely the front part and the rear part, and making the area of the front part larger than that of the rear part, the energy conversion efficiency from the rotating shaft can be improved, and the function of the above-mentioned stator blade can be exerted more ideally.
[0023] Preferably, the above-mentioned rotating shaft has an outer shaft section, an intermediate shaft section and an inner shaft section with gradually decreasing diameters, and the above-mentioned rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the above-mentioned casing by rotatably inserting the above-mentioned outer shaft section, the above-mentioned intermediate shaft section and the above-mentioned inner shaft section into the respective hole sections of the above-mentioned casing.
[0024] According to the above structure, the rotating shaft can be cantilever supported in the casing of the axial flow compressor through a simple structure, with a simple structure and easy operation.
[0025] The present disclosure also provides an axial flow compressor, which includes: a casing; a rotor component; and the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator.
[0026] Preferably, in the above-mentioned axial flow compressor, the stator blades of the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator are installed between two above-mentioned rotor components.
[0027] According to the above structure, through the axial flow compressor including the cantilever adjustable stator, the structure of the axial flow compressor can be greatly simplified, the flow loss can be reduced, and the device efficiency can be improved. Description of the Drawings
[0028] With reference to the above purposes, the technical features of the present invention are clearly described in the following technical solutions, and its advantages are obvious from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings. The drawings show the preferred embodiments of the present invention by way of example, without limiting the scope of the inventive concept.
[0029] Figure 1(A) is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional adjustable stator. Figure 1 (B) is a schematic structural diagram of the cantilever adjustable stator of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 2 is a comparison chart of the overall characteristics of a conventional adjustable stator and the cantilever adjustable stator of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stator blades of the cantilever adjustable stator of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shoulder of the stator blades of the cantilever adjustable stator of the present invention.
[0033] Figure 5 is an isogram of the vibration amplitude of the stator blades of the cantilever adjustable stator of the present invention. Symbol Explanation
[0034] 1 Axial flow compressor; 10 Cantilever adjustable stator; 10a Stator blades; 10a1 Blade top; 10a11 Front side part; 10a12 Rear side part; 10a2 Blade root; 10b Rotating shaft; 10b1 Outer shaft section; 10b2 Intermediate shaft section; 10b3 Inner shaft section; 20 Rotor component; 30 Casing; 100 Shoulder; 1' Conventional axial flow compressor; 10' Conventional adjustable stator; 10a' Stator blades; 20' Rotor component; X1 Chordwise direction; H1 Blade height direction. Detailed Implementation Manner
[0035] Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with specific implementation manners and the accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention is obviously capable of being implemented in many other different ways than those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions according to the actual application situation without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific implementation manner.
[0036] For example, if a first feature described subsequently in the specification is formed above or over a second feature, embodiments may include those in which the first feature and the second feature are formed by direct connection, and may also include embodiments in which additional features are formed between the first feature and the second feature, such that the first feature and the second feature may not be directly connected. Further, when a first element is described as being connected or coupled to a second element, the description includes embodiments in which the first element and the second element are directly connected or coupled to each other, and also includes embodiments in which one or more other intervening elements are added to indirectly connect or couple the first element and the second element to each other.
[0037] Hereinafter, with reference to Figure 1 (B) of FIG. [FIG. number not provided], the overall structure of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention will be described. Figure 1 (B) of FIG. [FIG. number not provided] is a schematic structural view of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention.
[0038] As Figure 1 shown in (B) of FIG. [FIG. number not provided], the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention is applicable to an axial flow compressor 1 and is configured such that the blade root of a conventional adjustable stator 10' is designed as a cantilever structure, that is, there is only one rotating boss at the tip portion of the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention.
[0039] Specifically, taking the adjustable stator blade of the second stage of the high-pressure compressor of a certain aeroengine as an example, as Figure 1 shown in (A) of FIG. [FIG. number not provided] and Figure 1 (B) of FIG. [FIG. number not provided], according to the structural form of the root, it can be divided into a conventional adjustable stator 10' and a cantilever adjustable stator 10. The cold-state blade root clearance of the above-mentioned conventional adjustable stator 10' is 0.4 mm, and the cold-state labyrinth clearance is 0.4 mm. The root clearance of the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator 10 is also 0.4 mm.
[0040] From Figure 1 (A) of FIG. [FIG. number not provided] and Figure 1 (B) of FIG. [FIG. number not provided], it can be clearly seen that by designing the blade root of the conventional adjustable stator as a cantilever structure, the root structure of the adjustable stator blade can be simplified, the axial length of the compressor can be shortened, and the leakage flow loss at the root can be reduced.
[0041] The above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator 10 mainly includes a stator blade 10a and a rotating shaft 10b. The above-mentioned stator blade 10a has a tip portion 10a1 and a root portion 10a2 and is disposed between two adjacent rotor components 20. The above-mentioned rotating shaft 10b is arranged to pass through the casing 30 of the above-mentioned axial flow compressor 1 and is rotatably mounted on the casing 30, thereby suspending the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator 10 above the casing 30.
[0042] More specifically, the above-mentioned rotating shaft 10b has an outer shaft section 10b1, an intermediate shaft section 10b2, and an inner shaft section 10b3. The diameter of the outer shaft section 10b1 is smaller than that of the intermediate shaft section 10b2, and the diameter of the intermediate shaft section 10b2 is smaller than that of the inner shaft section 10b3. The rotating shaft 10b is rotatably mounted on the casing 30 by rotatably inserting the outer shaft section 10b1, the intermediate shaft section 10b2, and the inner shaft section 10b3 into respective hole sections (not shown) of the casing 30.
[0043] That is to say, the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator 10 is configured to be rotatably mounted at one end of the rotating shaft 10b on the casing 30 and is cantilever supported.
[0044] Hereinafter, for the convenience of description, in Figure 1 (B), the chordwise direction X1 and the blade height direction H1 are defined. In addition, it should be noted that the "front", "rear", "tail", etc. in this article are relative to the airflow direction of the axial flow compressor 1. The upstream side position is before the downstream side position, and the downstream side position is after or at the tail of the upstream side position.
[0045] The above-mentioned blade top 10a1 has a front side portion 10a11 and a rear side portion 10a12 in the chordwise direction X1. The front side portion 10a11 includes the leading edge portion of the stator blade 10a, and the rear side portion 10a12 includes the trailing edge portion of the stator blade 10a. The blade top 10a1 is connected to the inner shaft section 10b3 of the rotating shaft 10b through the front side portion 10a11.
[0046] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1 (B), the area of the front side portion 10a11 is larger than that of the rear side portion 10a12. That is to say, the front side portion 10a11 of the blade top 10a1 connected to the rotating shaft 10b occupies most of the area of the blade top 10a1.
[0047] Although not clearly shown in the figure, actually, in the blade height direction H1, the front side portion 10a11 is higher than the rear side portion 10a12, so that a step is formed on the blade top 10a1. That is to say, the blade top 10a1 is formed in a stepped form that descends from the front side to the rear side.
[0048] By dividing the blade top 10a1 into two parts, namely the front side portion 10a11 and the rear side portion 10a12, and making the area of the front side portion 10a11 larger than that of the rear side portion 10a12, the energy conversion efficiency from the rotating shaft 10b can be improved, and the function of the above-mentioned stator blade 10a can be exerted more ideally.
[0049] Hereinafter, refer toFigure 2 , the characteristics of the cantilever adjustable stator of the present invention will be described. Figure 2 It is a comparison diagram of the overall characteristics of the conventional adjustable stator 10' and the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention.
[0050] Numerical simulation analysis was carried out on the stator blades 10a' of the conventional adjustable stator 10' and the stator blades 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 respectively using a three-dimensional simulation software, and the overall characteristics are as Figure 2 shown.
[0051] From Figure 2 , it can be clearly seen that as the flow rate in the axial flow compressor 1 continuously increases, the pressure ratio of the conventional adjustable stator 10' and the cantilever adjustable stator 10 continuously decreases, and the efficiency first increases and then decreases. However, under the same flow rate condition, the pressure ratio of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention is always higher than that of the conventional adjustable stator 10', and the efficiency of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention is also always higher than that of the conventional adjustable stator 10'.
[0052] From this, it can be concluded that the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention is significantly superior to the conventional adjustable stator 10' both in terms of pressure ratio and efficiency.
[0053] However, with the continuous in-depth research, the R & D personnel of the present invention also found that although the various aerodynamic performances of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention are significantly superior to those of the conventional adjustable stator 10', due to the cantilever structure being a single support structure, the vibration problem is more prominent than that of the blades of the conventional adjustable stator 10. The cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention may exhibit blade resonance and flutter phenomena, resulting in the strength of the adjustable stator not meeting the requirements, and further leading to the emergence of new technical problems.
[0054] In order to address the above newly emerging technical problems, as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention.
[0055] The R & D personnel of the present invention provided shoulders 100 at the position of 20% blade height of the blade root 10a2 of the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 to suppress the vibration of the stator blade, solve the resonance and flutter problems, and reduce the vibration amplitude of the blade.
[0056] As Figure 3 shown, the above-mentioned stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 includes two sides, namely the pressure surface and the suction surface. Correspondingly, there are two of the above-mentioned shoulders 100, and they are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10.
[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the shoulder 100 of the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention, and shows a plan view of the shoulder 100 obtained by observing from the Figure 3 direction of the blade root 10a2. As Figure 4 shown, the above-mentioned shoulder 100 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, with a thickness of about 1 mm, and is arranged along the streamline direction to facilitate preventing blade resonance and flutter phenomena.
[0058] Specifically, the aerodynamic layout of the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 is adopted to determine the root clearance value, and the aerodynamic loads received by the stator blade 10a in the three-dimensional simulation results are arranged on the stator blade 10a, and a finite element analysis is carried out on the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10, and its vibration amplitude is as Figure 5 shown.
[0059] Figure 5 is an isogram of the vibration amplitude of the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 of the present invention. It can be clearly seen from Figure 5 that the position with the largest vibration amplitude, that is, the largest deformation amount, is located near the leading edge of the blade root 10a2 of the stator blade 10a, about 0.4 mm.
[0060] Therefore, preferably, the above-mentioned shoulder 100 is arranged near the leading edge of the blade root 10a2 of the stator blade 10a of the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator 10, and more preferably, it is arranged at the 0.4 mm isogram position of the blade root 10a2 of the above-mentioned stator blade 10a. Thus, the occurrence of blade resonance and flutter phenomena in the stator blade 10a of the cantilever adjustable stator 10 can be most ideally suppressed.
[0061] By arranging the shoulder 100 near the leading edge of the blade root 10a2 of the stator blade 10a of the above-mentioned cantilever adjustable stator 10, blade vibration can be suppressed, the vibration amplitude can be reduced, and the vibration frequency can be increased, so as to ensure that in the full operating condition range, the adjustable stator blade in the cantilever structure form will not have vibration risks such as flutter and resonance.
[0062] Although the structure and working principle of the present invention have been described above in combination with the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field should recognize that the above examples are only for illustration and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the present invention within the scope of the substantial spirit of the claims, and these modifications and variations will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0063] For example, in the present invention, an example is shown in which the above-mentioned shoulder 100 is formed in a rectangular shape. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the above-mentioned shoulder 100 may also be designed in other shapes such as an oval or a triangle, as long as it can suppress the resonance and flutter phenomena of the stator blade.
[0064] For example, in the present invention, an example is shown in which the above-mentioned shoulder 100 is provided at the 0.4 mm contour line position of the above-mentioned blade root 10a2 of the above-mentioned stator blade 10a. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other position ranges of the above-mentioned blade root 10a2 may also be used according to the mass, area, etc. of the shoulder 100, as long as it can suppress the resonance and flutter phenomena of the stator blade.
[0065] For example, in the present invention, an example is shown in which there are two of the above-mentioned shoulders 100 and they are respectively provided on two sides of the stator blade 10a. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the above-mentioned shoulder 100 may also be provided in three, four, etc., as long as the masses of the above-mentioned shoulder 100 existing on two sides of the stator blade 10a are symmetric with each other and can suppress the resonance and flutter phenomena of the stator blade.
Claims
1. A cantilever adjustable stator (10), the cantilever adjustable stator (10) being applicable to an axial compressor (1), characterized in that, comprising: a rotating shaft (10b), the rotating shaft (10b) being arranged to pass through a casing (30) of the axial compressor (1) and rotatably mounted on the casing (30), thereby suspending the cantilever adjustable stator (10) above the casing (30); and a stator blade (10a), the stator blade (10a) having a blade tip (10a1) and a blade root (10a2), and being connected to the rotating shaft (10b) through the blade tip (10a1), the stator blade (10a) further including a shoulder (100), the shoulder (100) being disposed near a leading edge of the blade root (10a2) of the stator blade (10a) of the cantilever adjustable stator (10).
2. The cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of the shoulders (100) is even, and the shoulders are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the stator blade (10a) of the cantilever adjustable stator (10).
3. The cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, the shoulder (100) is disposed at a position where the deformation amount of the stator blade (10a) is the largest.
4. The cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, the shoulder (100) is formed into a rectangular shape, a triangular shape or an oval shape.
5. The cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, there is only one rotating boss at the blade tip (10a1) of the stator blade (10a) of the cantilever adjustable stator (10), and the cantilever adjustable stator (10) is cantilever supported by the rotating boss.
6. The cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the blade tip (10a1) has a front side portion (10a11) and a rear side portion (10a12) in a chordwise direction (X1), the blade tip (10a1) is connected to the rotating shaft (10b) through the front side portion (10a11), and the area of the front side portion (10a11) is larger than that of the rear side portion (10a12).
7. The cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that, in a blade height direction (H1), the front side portion (10a11) of the blade tip (10a1) is higher than the rear side portion (10a12), thereby forming a step on the blade tip (10a1).
8. The cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (10b) has an outer shaft section (10b1), an intermediate shaft section (10b2), and an inner shaft section (10b3) with diameters decreasing in sequence. The rotating shaft (10b) is rotatably mounted on the casing (30) by rotatably inserting the outer shaft section (10b1), the intermediate shaft section (10b2), and the inner shaft section (10b3) into respective hole sections of the casing (30).
9. An axial flow compressor (1), the axial flow compressor (1) comprises:[[]] a casing (30); a rotor component (20); and the cantilever adjustable stator (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The axial flow compressor (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that in the axial flow compressor (1), the stator blades (10a) of the cantilever adjustable stator (10) are installed between two of the rotor components (20).