A gear measuring device and method

Abstract

The present application discloses a gear measuring device and method, which relates to the field of gear measurement. The measuring device includes a workbench, a moving shaft, a telescopic support, a first driving mechanism, a structured light measuring mechanism, and a contact measuring mechanism. The measuring device of the present application integrates optical measurement and contact measurement. The optical measurement and contact measurement can give full play to their complementary advantages. The optical measurement can make up for the disadvantages of the contact measurement, such as the inability to collect data without damage, efficiently, and with high density, and the inability to capture moving objects in real time and achieve online quality monitoring. The contact measurement can verify the suspected defects caused by external factors such as reflection interference in the optical measurement, reduce the false alarm rate, and comprehensively improve the efficiency, accuracy, and reliability in gear measurement. The cross-verification reduces the false detection rate and improves the robustness against environmental interference. The measuring method of the present application uses three rotary driving parts to drive the moving shaft to move downwards and rotate simultaneously, and can achieve contact measurement and optical measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gear measurement, and particularly to a gear measurement device and method. Background Art

[0002] Gear measurement is the main way to ensure gear quality. In the past century, the metrology of gear science has changed from simple measuring tools to mechanical generation, and then to electronic generation measurement. The form of obtaining data by the corresponding measuring devices has gradually changed from feature points and lines to the measurement of the entire tooth surface, and the requirements for the integrity and measurement efficiency of tooth surface data are getting higher and higher.

[0003] In the prior art, spherical measuring heads are generally used for contact measurement when measuring gears. The single contact measurement has the following problems: 1. To ensure measurement accuracy, a large number of measurement points need to be selected on the tooth surface. The speed of single-point sampling is slow, the measurement time is long, and the efficiency is low; 2. When measuring with a single probe, it may be restricted by the gear structure and cannot reach some special positions such as the tooth root, the transition arc of the tooth root, and the transition arc between the involute and the tooth tip, resulting in missing measurement data of some tooth surfaces and affecting the integrity and effectiveness of the measurement results; 3. Contact measurement cannot capture the complete tooth surface in real time, cannot realize on-line defect detection of gears, and cannot monitor gear quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide a gear measurement device and method, which can achieve comprehensive and efficient measurement and reduce the false detection rate.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a gear measurement device, including:

[0006] A workbench, on which a plurality of guiding mechanisms are arranged at intervals along a first direction;

[0007] A moving shaft, which is arranged in the guiding mechanism and can slide relative to the guiding mechanism in a second direction. The axial direction of the moving shaft is configured as the first direction; the gear to be tested is coaxially arranged on the moving shaft;

[0008] A telescopic support member, a plurality of telescopic support members are arranged at intervals along the first direction below the moving shaft. The telescopic end of the telescopic support member is rotationally connected to the moving shaft, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic support member is configured as the second direction;

[0009] The first drive mechanism includes a first rotary drive member, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a V-belt, and a sliding drive assembly; the first rotary drive member is disposed on a workbench, the first gear is disposed on an output end of the first rotary drive member; the second gear is disposed on a motion shaft; the third gear is disposed on the sliding drive assembly; the V-belt is respectively connected to the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear; the sliding drive assembly is disposed on the workbench, and is configured to drive the third gear to move in a third direction;

[0010] The structured light measurement mechanism includes a mounting assembly and a light measuring instrument, wherein the mounting assembly is arranged on the telescopic support member; the light measuring instrument is arranged on the mounting assembly and is used to perform optical measurement on the gear;

[0011] The contact measurement mechanism includes a contact detection needle and a lifting drive assembly. The contact detection needle is used to perform contact measurement on the gear; the lifting drive assembly is arranged on the workbench and is used to drive the contact detection needle to move in the second direction.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring a gear using a gear measuring device. The method includes:

[0013] Step S100: The first rotary drive member drives the motion shaft and the gear to be tested to rotate counterclockwise via a V-belt. The optical measuring instrument emits linear structured light toward the gear to measure the gear. Simultaneously, the second rotary drive member drives the third gear to move in the third direction while the V-belt remains tensioned. This causes the motion shaft to descend in the second direction following the movement of the second rotary drive member.

[0014] Step S200: The gear rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction, the first rotary drive member and the second rotary drive member stop working simultaneously, and the gear stops descending and rotating.

[0015] In step S300, the detection end of the contact detection needle is driven by the lifting drive assembly to rise to the root position of the tooth groove. Then, the process returns to step S100, and the motion shaft and gear continue to rotate counterclockwise and descend. Simultaneously, the contact detection needle also descends. The descending speed of the contact detection needle is greater than the descending speed of the motion shaft, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle gradually moves away from the tooth groove and comes into sliding contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove.

[0016] Step S400: After the detection end of the contact detection needle descends and breaks contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, if the contact detection has completed measuring the first inner side surfaces of all tooth grooves on the gear, then the process proceeds to step S500; otherwise, the process returns to step S200, so that the next tooth groove of the gear is rotated to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction;

[0017] Step S500: The first rotary drive member drives the motion shaft and the gear to be tested to rotate clockwise via the V-belt. The optical measuring instrument emits linear structured light toward the gear to measure the gear. Simultaneously, the telescopic support member drives the motion shaft to move upward in the second direction.

[0018] Step S600: The gear rotates clockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction. The first rotary drive member and the telescopic support member stop working at the same time, and the gear stops rising and rotating.

[0019] In step S700, the detection end of the contact detection needle rises to the root of the tooth groove under the drive of the lifting drive assembly. Then, the process returns to step S500, and the motion shaft and gear continue to rotate and rise clockwise. Simultaneously, the contact detection needle also rises with the motion shaft. The rising speed of the motion shaft is greater than the rising speed of the contact detection needle. This causes the detection end of the contact detection needle to gradually move away from the tooth groove and come into sliding contact with the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove.

[0020] Step S800: When the gear rises and the second inner side surface of the tooth groove is out of contact with the contact detection needle, if the contact detection is completed for the second inner side surfaces of all tooth grooves on the gear, the measurement work is completed; otherwise, return to step S600, so that the next tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle in the second direction.

[0021] The gear measuring device and method of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The measuring device of the present application integrates optical measurement and contact measurement, which can give full play to their complementary advantages. Optical measurement can make up for the shortcomings of contact measurement that cannot collect data non-destructively, efficiently, and densely, cannot capture moving objects in real time, and cannot perform online quality monitoring. Contact measurement can verify suspected defects caused by external factors such as reflective interference in optical measurement, reduce the false alarm rate, and achieve comprehensive improvement in efficiency, accuracy and reliability in gear measurement. Cross-validation reduces the false detection rate and improves robustness to environmental interference. The combination of V-belt and telescopic support can not only ensure the stability of the rotating shaft and non-slip, and can realize pure rolling expansion measurement of the measured gear, but also structurally ensure the device's good shock resistance and noise resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. The same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gear measuring device of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the motion axis, guide mechanism and expansion fixture;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the moving shaft and telescopic support;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the motion shaft and the first driving mechanism;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the principle diagram of the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the V-belt;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motion axis, structured light measurement mechanism, and telescopic support;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the motion axis and contact measurement mechanism;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the control system and each structure;

[0032] Figure 9 is a flow chart of the gear measurement method of the present application;

[0033] Fig.10 is a plan view of the gear to be tested in this application;

[0034] Description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0035] 100, workbench; 110, guide mechanism; 111, guide plate; 110a, guide space;

[0036] 200, motion shaft; 210, expansion fixture; 211, tensioning shaft; 220, rotary joint; 230, hose; 240, standard parts;

[0037] 300, telescopic support member; 310, first bearing assembly;

[0038] 400, First driving mechanism; 410, First rotary driving member; 420, First gear; 430, Second gear; 440, Third gear; 450, Triangular drive belt; 460, Sliding drive assembly; 461, Second rotary driving member; 462, First lead screw; 463, First slider

[0039] 500, Structured light measurement mechanism; 510, Mounting assembly; 511, Mounting block; 512, Adjusting bolt; 513, Second bearing assembly; 514, Mounting bracket; 520, Light measuring instrument

[0040] 600, Contact measurement mechanism; 610, Contact detection needle; 620, Lifting drive assembly; 621, Third rotary driving member; 622, Second lead screw; 623, Second slider; 630, Displacement detector

[0041] 700, Gear; 700a, Tooth groove; 710, First inner side surface of tooth groove; 720, Second inner side surface of tooth groove; 730, Tooth root

[0042] 800, Control system Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples of the present application

[0044] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "including..." do not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements

[0045] This embodiment discloses a gear measuring device and method for measuring gears in the production and manufacturing process. First, the gear measuring device of this embodiment will be introduced.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, the gear measuring device of this embodiment includes a workbench 100, a moving shaft 200, a telescopic support member 300, a first driving mechanism 400, a structured light measuring mechanism 500, and a contact measuring mechanism 600, which are specifically as follows:

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the workbench 100 is the support structure of the entire device, and the workbench 100 can be selected as a marble tabletop. A plurality of guiding mechanisms 110 are arranged on the workbench 100, and the plurality of guiding mechanisms 110 are arranged at intervals in the first direction (in this embodiment, two guiding mechanisms 110 are schematically arranged at intervals on the workbench 100), and the guiding mechanism 110 is used to guide the movement of the moving shaft 200 in the second direction. Preferably in this embodiment, the guiding mechanism 110 includes two guiding plates 111 arranged at intervals in the third direction, and a guiding space 110a for the moving shaft 200 to move in the second direction is formed between the two guiding plates 111. Among them, the distance between the two guiding plates 111 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the moving shaft 200, so that the moving shaft 200 can only slide relative to the guiding plate 111 and rotate in the second direction. Further preferably here, the distance between the two guiding plates 111 is 1.01 times to 1.1 times the outer diameter of the moving shaft 200. Among them, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in this embodiment are perpendicular to each other pairwise, and the second direction is configured as the height direction.

[0048] The moving shaft 200 is arranged in the guiding mechanism 110 formed by the two guiding plates 111. The axial direction of the moving shaft 200 is configured as the first direction, and the gear 700 to be tested is coaxially arranged on the moving shaft 200. Specifically: the end of the moving shaft 200 is inserted into the central hole of the gear. When the moving shaft 200 moves up and down in the second direction and the moving shaft 200 rotates, the gear 700 can follow the moving shaft 200 to move up and down and rotate (the moving shaft 200 and the gear 700 are connected by a key).

[0049] In this embodiment, the gear to be tested is coaxially assembled on the moving shaft 200, and the axial direction of the moving shaft 200 is the horizontal direction, so that the gear 700 is in a vertical state when being measured. In traditional gear testing, the gear is placed horizontally. When the gear is placed horizontally, due to uneven gravity distribution caused by manufacturing errors, the center of gravity shifts. Placing it vertically can also reduce the bending deformation in the horizontal direction caused by thermal expansion. Secondly, placing the gear vertically facilitates the light measuring instrument 520 to capture the three-dimensional morphology of defects at the best incident angle, and there may be adverse factors such as light occlusion when placed horizontally.

[0050] As Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the end of the moving shaft 200 is provided with a hollow structure; the gear to be tested is coaxially arranged on the outer circumference of the end of the moving shaft 200; the tensioning shaft 211 of the expansion fixture 210 is coaxially arranged inside the end of the moving shaft 200. Specifically, the central hole of the gear is sleeved on the end of the moving shaft 200, and the tensioning shaft 211 of the expansion fixture 210 (such as a hydraulic expansion fixture) is coaxially inserted into the end of the moving shaft 200. When the tensioning shaft 211 expands radially, the expansion movement of the tensioning shaft 211 causes the outer peripheral surface of the end of the moving shaft 200 to closely fit against the inner peripheral wall of the central hole of the gear, which can avoid the eccentricity problem between the moving shaft 200 and the gear.

[0051] As Figure 2 As shown, the expansion fixture 210 can refer to the prior art. In this embodiment, the oil inlet end of the expansion fixture 210 is connected to one end of the rotary joint 220 through a hose 230, and the other end of the rotary joint 220 is connected to a hydraulic source. The rotary joint 220 is provided to ensure that the expansion fixture 210 can rotate with the moving shaft 200, and the connection between the oil inlet end of the expansion fixture 210 and the rotary joint through the hose 230 is to ensure that the gear can move down smoothly.

[0052] As Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, a standard part 240 for comparison with the gear to be tested is provided on the moving shaft 200. The standard part 240 is coaxially arranged on the moving shaft 200 and is within the test range of the optical measuring instrument 520. Since the centroid position of the known standard part, which is also the centroid of the gear, during the rotation and downward movement of the gear, by knowing the central position of the gear at each time point, the deviation from the theoretical value can be obtained, and then it can be compensated, thereby reducing the measurement error.

[0053] As Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple telescopic support members 300. The multiple telescopic support members 300 are arranged at intervals along the first direction below the moving shaft 200. Three telescopic support members 300 are illustrated in this embodiment. The telescopic ends of the telescopic support members 300 are rotatably connected to the moving shaft 200, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic support members 300 is configured as the second direction; when the second rotation driving member 461 does not work, the multiple telescopic support members 300 can support the moving shaft 200 to keep its height from dropping.

[0054] As Figure 3 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the telescopic support member 300 is configured as a telescopic cylinder or a telescopic oil cylinder. When the telescopic support member 300 is selected as a device with an active telescopic function such as a telescopic cylinder or a telescopic oil cylinder, it can drive the moving shaft 200 to reset upward to a predetermined height after the current gear test is completed.

[0055] As shown Figure 3 In some preferred embodiments, as shown, a first bearing assembly 310 is provided at the telescopic end of the telescopic support member 300. The telescopic support member 300 is rotatably connected to the moving shaft 200 through the first bearing assembly 310. Specifically, the telescopic end of each telescopic support member 300 is rotatably connected to the moving shaft 200 through the first bearing assembly 310. Among them, the outer ring of the first bearing assembly 310 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic support member 300, and the moving shaft 200 is connected to the inner ring of the first bearing assembly 310.

[0056] As shown Figure 4 In some preferred embodiments, as shown, the first driving mechanism 400 includes a first rotary driving member 410, a first gear 420, a second gear 430, a third gear 440, a triangular drive belt 450, and a sliding drive assembly 460. The first rotary driving member 410 is configured as a motor. The first rotary driving member 410 is disposed on the workbench 100. The first gear 420 is coaxially fixed to the output end of the first rotary driving member 410. The second gear 430 is coaxially fixed to the moving shaft 200. The third gear 440 is rotatably connected to the sliding drive assembly 460. The first gear 420, the second gear 430, and the third gear 440 are distributed in a triangle in the vertical plane. The triangular drive belt 450 is respectively connected to the first gear 420, the second gear 430, and the third gear 440. The triangular drive belt 450 forms a triangular closed drive with the three gears, and the triangular drive belt 450 is always kept in a tensioned state, which can realize the synchronous drive of the first gear 420, the second gear 430, and the third gear 440. The sliding drive assembly 460 is disposed on the workbench 100 and is used to drive the third gear 440 to move in the third direction.

[0057] As shown Figure 5 In this embodiment, as shown, when the sliding drive assembly 460 drives the third gear 440 to move away from the moving shaft 200 in the third direction, since the triangular drive belt 450 is always kept in a tensioned state, the moving shaft 200 will move downward synchronously, and at the same time, the telescopic support member 300 will contract.

[0058] It should be noted that the contour of the gear is in the form of an involute. In gear measurement, by obtaining the involute equation, the expression of the gear contour shape can be obtained, and then the surface shape of the gear contour can be analyzed to determine whether there is an error. The radial expansion method is used to solve the involute equation of the gear, and three parameters need to be obtained, namely: the descending height of the moving shaft 200, the displacement L of the contact detection needle 610, and the rotation angle of the gear (that is, the rotation angle of the moving shaft 200). The descending height of the moving shaft 200 and the rotation angle of the gear can be calculated through the displacement of the third gear 440 in the third direction. Specifically, as shown Figure 5As shown, the triangular drive belt 450 has a triangular structure. Its working principle is that the perimeters of the three sides remain unchanged. Therefore, there is a mathematical relationship between the height by which the second gear 430 descends (which is also the height by which the moving shaft 200 descends) and the displacement of the third gear 440. Only in this way can it be ensured that the triangular drive belt 450 is always in a tensioned state. Therefore, if the displacement of the third gear 440 is known, the descending height of the moving shaft 200 and the rotation angle of the gear can be solved. The displacement of the contact detection needle 610 will be described in detail later.

[0059] Through the above three parameters, the involute equation can be solved, and the high-precision parameter information of a cross-section of the gear can be measured. Combined with the measurement of the optical measuring instrument 520, compared with the existing three-coordinate measurement method and the gear measuring center measurement method, the measurement efficiency is higher and the measurement range is wider. By measuring the downward movement amount of the contact detection needle 610 through the displacement detection member 630 (such as a laser interferometer), the measured data can reach the nanometer level with high precision.

[0060] As Figure 4 As shown, the sliding drive assembly 460 includes a second rotary drive member 461, a first lead screw 462, and a first slider 463. The second rotary drive member 461 is disposed on the workbench 100. The second rotary drive member 461 is configured as a servo motor. Specifically, the second rotary drive member 461 is configured as a servo motor with a built-in rotary encoder. The first lead screw 462 is rotatably disposed on the workbench 100. The first lead screw 462 is connected to the output end of the second rotary drive member 461. The second rotary drive member 461 can drive the first lead screw 462 to rotate self. The axial direction of the first lead screw 462 is configured as the third direction. The first slider 463 is in threaded engagement with the first lead screw 462. When the first lead screw 462 rotates, the first slider 463 can move in the third direction. For example, when the second rotary drive member 461 rotates forward, the first slider 463 slides toward the moving shaft 200 in the third direction, and when the second rotary drive member 461 rotates in reverse, the first slider 463 slides away from the moving shaft 200. The third gear 440 is rotatably disposed on the first slider 463. The third gear 440 can follow the first slider 463 to move in the third direction. It can be understood that the displacement of the third gear 440 in the third direction is actually the displacement of the first slider 463 in the third direction.

[0061] Among them, the second rotation driving member 461 is configured as a servo motor with a rotary encoder built therein. The rotary encoder can measure the rotation angle of the second rotation driving member 461. That is, the first lead screw 462 is in a spiral shape. When the second rotation driving member 461 rotates a certain angle, the first lead screw 462 drives the first slider 463 to move forward a certain distance. Therefore, the displacement of the first slider 463, that is, the displacement of the third gear 440, denoted as d, can be obtained through the rotation angle of the second rotation driving member 461. By virtue of the fact that the perimeters of the three sides of the triangular transmission belt 450 remain unchanged and the Pythagorean theorem of a right triangle, the downward displacement of the second gear 430 (that is, the downward displacement of the moving shaft 200), denoted as h, can be further obtained. Since the triangular transmission belt is always in a tensioned state and does not slip, the downward displacement h of the moving shaft 200 is equal to the arc length s that the moving shaft 200 has turned. Furthermore, the rotation angle θ of the moving shaft 200 (that is, the rotation angle of the gear) is equal to s / r, where r is the radius of the moving shaft 200.

[0062] As can be seen from the above, by virtue of the fact that the perimeters of the three sides of the triangular transmission belt 450 remain unchanged and the Pythagorean theorem of a right triangle, the downward displacement h of the moving shaft 200 and the rotation angle θ of the moving shaft 200 can be obtained through the displacement d of the third gear 440.

[0063] As Figure 6 shown, the structured light measurement mechanism 500 includes a mounting assembly 510 and a light measuring instrument 520. The mounting assembly 510 is arranged at the telescopic end of the telescopic support member 300, so that the mounting assembly 510 can descend together with the moving shaft 200. The mounting assembly 510 is rotatably connected to the moving shaft 200, so that the mounting assembly 510 will not rotate with the moving shaft 200 and interfere with the rotation of the moving shaft 200. The light measuring instrument 520 is arranged on the mounting assembly 510 and is used to emit line structured light to the gear for optical measurement of the gear.

[0064] As Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the mounting assembly 510 includes a mounting block 511, an adjusting bolt 512, a second bearing assembly 513, and a mounting bracket 514; one end of the mounting block 511 is connected to the telescopic end of a telescopic support member 300. In this embodiment, one end of the mounting block 511 is fixedly connected to the base of a first bearing assembly 310 (specifically, the base of the first bearing assembly 310) at the upper end of a telescopic support member 300; the mounting block 511 is provided with a through mounting hole along a first direction, the second bearing assembly 513 is disposed in the mounting hole, the moving shaft 200 passes through the inner ring of the second bearing assembly 513, and the mounting block 511 is rotatably connected to the moving shaft 200 through the second bearing assembly 513; the mounting block 511 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes communicating with the mounting hole at circumferential intervals along the moving shaft 200; the adjusting bolts 512 are threadedly connected to the threaded holes one by one; the end of the adjusting bolt 512 can abut against the outer ring of the second bearing assembly 513 in the mounting hole. By adjusting the corresponding adjusting bolt 512, the coaxiality of the second bearing assembly 513 and the mounting hole can be finely adjusted, and further the coaxiality of the moving shaft 200 and the mounting hole can be finely adjusted; one end of the mounting bracket 514 is disposed on the mounting block 511, and a plurality of optical measuring instruments 520 are provided at the other end. The real-time non-contact measurement of the gear is realized by the plurality of optical measuring instruments 520 provided on the mounting bracket 514. In some embodiments, the number of the mounting brackets 514 is two, the two mounting brackets 514 are symmetrically disposed on the mounting block 511, at least two optical measuring instruments 520 are provided on each mounting bracket 514, the two optical measuring instruments 520 are disposed on the mounting bracket 514 along the first direction, and the plurality of optical measuring instruments 520 can synchronously scan from different orientations, covering all key areas, eliminating blind areas, and improving efficiency. The optical measuring instrument 520 is preferably a line structured light measuring instrument.

[0065] As Figure 7 shown, the contact measurement mechanism 600 includes a contact detection needle 610 and a lifting drive assembly 620. The specific structure of the contact detection needle 610 can refer to the existing ball head type measuring needle. The contact detection needle 610 is used for contact measurement of the gear. The lifting drive assembly 620 is disposed on the workbench 100 and is used to drive the contact detection needle 610 to move in a second direction. Specifically: the contact detection needle 610 is located below the gear to be tested, and the contact detection needle 610 can be driven by the lifting drive assembly 620 to insert upward into the tooth groove of the gear to realize the contact measurement of the gear. The contact detection needle 610 only needs to move a displacement in one direction to measure the high-precision parameters of a cross-section of the gear; after the contact measurement of the current tooth groove, the lifting drive assembly 620 can drive the contact detection needle 610 to descend to avoid interference between the contact detection needle 610 and the rotation and descent movements of the gear.

[0066] As Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the lifting drive assembly 620 includes a third rotary drive member 621, a second screw rod 622 and a second slider 623; the third rotary drive member 621 is configured as a motor, and the third rotary drive member 621 is connected to the bottom of the workbench 100, and the output end of the third rotary drive member 621 is connected to the second screw rod 622; the second screw rod 622 is rotatably arranged on the workbench 100, and the axial configuration of the second screw rod 622 is the second direction, that is, the height direction; the second slider 623 is threadedly connected to the second screw rod 622, and when the second screw rod 622 rotates forward or reverse, the second slider 623 can move up or down accordingly, and the contact detection needle 610 is arranged on the second slider 623 and can follow the second slider 623 to move up or down.

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a displacement detection member 630 is provided on the workbench 100, and the displacement detection member 630 is configured as a laser interferometer. The displacement detection member 630 is used to detect the displacement of the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction. It should be noted that, in order to solve the involute equation of the gear, it is necessary to know the height parameter, that is, the descending height h of the moving shaft 200 and the displacement L of the contact detection needle 610. The descending height h of the moving shaft 200 and the displacement L are subtracted (the displacement L minus the descending height h), and then combined with the angle θ of the rotation of the moving shaft 200 (that is, the angle of rotation of the gear), the involute equation can be solved.

[0068] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the displacement L of the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 can be measured even without the displacement detection element 630. For example, the third rotary drive element 621 can be configured as a motor with a built-in rotary encoder, and the displacement of the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 can be calculated by the rotation angle of the second screw rod 622. However, the laser interferometer used in this embodiment has higher measurement accuracy, reaching the nanometer level.

[0069] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the testing device further includes a control system 800. The first rotary drive member 410, the second rotary drive member 461, the third rotary drive member 621, the telescopic support member 300, the optical measuring instrument 520, the contact detection needle 610, and the displacement detection member 630 are all communicatively connected to the control system 800. The control system 800 is used to coordinate and control the operation of each component.

[0070] In this embodiment, the optical measuring instrument 520 has a high measurement speed. Its function is to scan and collect the measured point cloud of the gear, which is then transmitted to the control system 800 via a data transmission interface. Within the control system 800, corresponding software performs a three-dimensional reconstruction, displaying a precise three-dimensional model of the gear. This allows for precise measurement of the gear's condition, understanding its addendum circle, pitch, module, and other characteristics. It also provides high-definition observation of the gear's surface to identify cracks and verify its conformity. If any abnormal data or point cloud is found, it is combined with the measurement results of the contact-type detection probe 610. This combination improves measurement efficiency, accuracy, and reliability, and reduces false detection rates through cross-validation. Furthermore, a standard component 240 is mounted on the motion shaft 200. The optical measuring instrument 520 also scans the standard component 240 while scanning the gear. The gear data is based on this data, allowing for error compensation within the computer software, resulting in even higher measurement accuracy.

[0071] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment coordinates and controls the operation of each component through the control system 800 and obtains corresponding data, thereby realizing intelligent and automated manufacturing.

[0072] This embodiment also discloses a gear measuring method using a gear measuring device. The measuring method includes:

[0073] Step S100: The first rotary drive member 410 drives the motion shaft 200 and the gear to be tested 700 to rotate counterclockwise via the V-belt 450. The optical measuring instrument 520 emits linear structured light toward the gear to measure the gear. Simultaneously, the second rotary drive member 461 drives the third gear 440 to move in the third direction while the V-belt 450 remains tensioned. This causes the motion shaft 200 to descend in the second direction following the movement of the second rotary drive member 461.

[0074] In step S100, the first rotary drive member 410 drives the first gear 420 to rotate. The first gear 420 drives the second gear 430, the third gear 440, and the motion shaft 200 to rotate synchronously via the V-belt 450. The gear to be tested is mounted on the motion shaft 200, so the gear rotates with the motion shaft 200. The optical measuring instrument 520 comprehensively scans and collects point cloud data of the gear to determine whether there are any abnormalities in the gear quality.

[0075] In the above step S100, while the first rotating drive member 410 drives the first gear 420 to rotate, the second rotating drive member 461 drives the third gear 440 to move away from the moving shaft 200 in the third direction, and the V-belt 450 is always kept in a tensioned state so that the moving shaft 200 rotates and decreases in height.

[0076] In the above step S100, when the moving shaft 200 descends, the telescopic support member 300 can be correspondingly retracted, and when the moving shaft 200 stops descending, the telescopic support member 300 can support the moving shaft 200 so that the moving shaft 200 does not descend and the moving shaft 200 remains in a horizontal state.

[0077] Step S200: The gear rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction. The first rotary drive member 410 and the second rotary drive member 461 stop working at the same time, and the gear 700 stops descending and rotating.

[0078] In the above step S200, after the moving shaft 200 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, the first rotating drive member 410 and the second rotating drive member 461 stop working at the same time. The certain angle here is the angle of each tooth groove interval, that is, the angle of one tooth groove each time the gear rotates, so that the next tooth groove corresponds to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the height direction, so that the contact detection needle 610 can be inserted upward into the corresponding tooth groove in turn.

[0079] In step S300, the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 is driven by the lifting drive assembly 620 to rise to the root position of the tooth groove. Then, the process returns to step S100, and the motion shaft 200 and the gear 700 continue to rotate counterclockwise and descend. At the same time, the contact detection needle 610 also descends. The descending speed of the contact detection needle 610 is greater than the descending speed of the motion shaft 200, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 gradually moves away from the tooth groove and comes into sliding contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove.

[0080] In the above step S300, after the gear stops descending and rotating, a tooth groove on the gear corresponds to the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction (i.e., the height direction), and the third rotary drive member 621 of the lifting drive assembly 620 drives the second slider 623 and the contact detection needle 610 to move upward, so that the contact detection needle 610 is inserted into the root position of the tooth groove, and then the gear continues to rotate and move downward. When the gear rotates, the contact detection needle 610 moves downward, and the speed of the contact detection needle 610 moving downward is greater than the speed of the gear moving downward, thereby avoiding mutual interference with the rotation and downward movement of the gear. During the downward movement, the contact detection needle 610 passes over the first inner side surface of the tooth groove to achieve measurement of the first inner side surface of the tooth groove.

[0081] Step S400: After the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 descends and disengages from the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, if the contact detection needle 610 has completed measuring the first inner side surfaces of all tooth grooves on the gear, the process proceeds to step S500; otherwise, the process returns to step S200, causing the next tooth groove of the gear to rotate to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction.

[0082] In the above step S400, the contact detection needle 610 can slide across the first inner side of the tooth groove and move downward out of the tooth groove. After moving out of the tooth groove, it is necessary to determine whether the first inner side of all the tooth grooves has been measured. Fig.10 As shown, if the first inner side surfaces of all tooth grooves have been measured, it is necessary to enter step S500 to measure the second inner side surfaces of the tooth grooves, otherwise return to step S200, so that the gear rotates, and the next tooth groove on the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction, thereby continuing to perform contact measurement on the first inner side surface of the second tooth groove.

[0083] Step S500: The first rotary drive member 410 drives the moving shaft 200 and the gear to be tested 700 to rotate clockwise via the V-belt 450. The optical measuring instrument 520 emits linear structured light toward the gear to measure the gear. Simultaneously, the telescopic support member 300 drives the moving shaft 200 to move upward in the second direction.

[0084] In this embodiment, steps S100 to S400 are used to measure the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, and steps S500 to S800 are used to measure the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, wherein, when measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, the gear and the contact detection needle 610 move downward, and when measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, the gear and the contact detection needle 610 move upward.

[0085] Step S600: The gear rotates clockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction. The first rotary drive member 410 and the telescopic support member 300 stop working at the same time, and the gear 700 stops rising and rotating.

[0086] In the above step S600, the gear rotates clockwise in order to rotate the root of the tooth groove to a position facing the contact detection needle. The angle of each rotation is similar to the principle in step S200, that is, the gear rotates one tooth groove each time, so that the next tooth groove corresponds to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the height direction, so that the contact detection needle 610 can be inserted upward into the corresponding tooth groove in turn.

[0087] Step S700: The detection end of the contact detection needle 610 rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove driven by the lifting drive assembly 620, and then returns to step S500. The moving shaft 200 and the gear 700 continue to rotate clockwise and rise. At the same time, the contact detection needle 610 also rises accordingly, and the rising speed of the moving shaft 200 is greater than that of the contact detection needle 610, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 gradually deviates from the tooth groove and makes sliding contact with the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove.

[0088] In the above step S700, the gear and the contact detection needle 610 move upward together, but the rising speed of the moving shaft 200 is greater than that of the contact detection needle 610, so that the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 can slide across the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby realizing the measurement of the second inner side surface.

[0089] Step S800: When the gear 700 rises and the second inner side surface of the tooth groove is separated from the contact detection needle 610, if the contact detection needle 610 has completed the measurement of the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves on the gear, the measurement work ends; otherwise, return to step S600 to rotate the next tooth groove of the gear to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle 610 in the second direction.

[0090] In step S800, step S800 is similar to step S400. When the measurement of the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves is completed, the measurement of the first inner side surfaces and the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves is completed. At this time, the measurement is completed; otherwise, it is necessary to return to step S600 to continue measuring the second inner side surface of the next tooth groove.

[0091] In this embodiment, after the measurement is completed, in the control system 800, there are both the data measured by the optical measuring instrument 520 and the data measured by the contact detection needle 610. By comparing the two sets of measurement data, the advantages of data redundancy are fully utilized, and the false detection rate is reduced through cross-verification. Through the mode of "global rapid screening + local precise verification", the detection efficiency, accuracy and reliability of the gear are improved.

[0092] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, and these modifications or replacements should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gear measuring device, characterized in that, Comprising: A workbench (100), with a plurality of guiding mechanisms (110) arranged at intervals along a first direction on the workbench (100); A moving shaft (200), arranged within the guiding mechanism (110), and the moving shaft (200) can slide relative to the guiding mechanism (110) in a second direction, with the axial direction of the moving shaft (200) configured as the first direction; a gear (700) to be tested is coaxially arranged on the moving shaft (200); A telescopic support member (300), with a plurality of telescopic support members (300) arranged at intervals along the first direction below the moving shaft (200), and the telescopic end of the telescopic support member (300) is rotatably connected to the moving shaft (200), with the telescopic direction of the telescopic support member (300) configured as the second direction; A first driving mechanism (400), including a first rotary driving member (410), a first gear (420), a second gear (430), a third gear (440), a triangular transmission belt (450), and a sliding driving assembly (460); the first rotary driving member (410) is arranged on the workbench (100), and the first gear (420) is arranged on the output end of the first rotary driving member (410); the second gear (430) is arranged on the moving shaft (200); the third gear (440) is arranged on the sliding driving assembly (460); the triangular transmission belt (450) is respectively connected to the first gear (420), the second gear (430), and the third gear (440); the sliding driving assembly (460) is arranged on the workbench (100) and is used to drive the third gear (440) to move in a third direction; A structured light measuring mechanism (500), including a mounting assembly (510) and a light measuring instrument (520), the mounting assembly (510) is arranged on the telescopic support member (300); the light measuring instrument (520) is arranged on the mounting assembly (510) and is used for optically measuring the gear; A contact measuring mechanism (600), including a contact detection needle (610) and a lifting driving assembly (620), the contact detection needle (610) is used for contact measurement of the gear; the lifting driving assembly (620) is arranged on the workbench (100) and is used to drive the contact detection needle (610) to move in the second direction.

2. The gear measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism (110) includes two guiding plates (111) arranged at intervals along a third direction, and a guiding space (110a) for the moving shaft (200) to move in the second direction is formed between the two guiding plates (111); wherein, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other pairwise.

3. The gear measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The end of the moving shaft (200) is provided with a hollow structure; the gear (700) to be tested is coaxially arranged on the outer circumference of the end of the moving shaft (200); the tensioning shaft (211) of the expansion fixture (210) is coaxially arranged inside the end of the moving shaft (200).

4. The gear measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The telescopic support member (300) is configured as a telescopic cylinder or a telescopic oil cylinder; a first bearing assembly (310) is provided at the telescopic end of the telescopic support member (300), and the telescopic support member (300) is rotatably connected to the moving shaft (200) through the first bearing assembly (310); the mounting assembly (510) is connected to the first bearing assembly (310).

5. The gear measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The sliding drive assembly (460) includes a second rotary drive member (461), a first lead screw (462), and a first slider (463); the second rotary drive member (461) is disposed on the workbench (100); the first lead screw (462) is connected to the output end of the second rotary drive member (461), and the axial direction of the first lead screw (462) is configured as the third direction; the first slider (463) is in threaded engagement with the first lead screw (462), and the first lead screw (462) is used to drive the first slider (463) to move in the third direction; the third gear (440) is rotatably disposed on the first slider (463).

6. The gear measuring device according to claim 5, wherein, The mounting assembly (510) includes a mounting block (511), an adjusting bolt (512), a second bearing assembly (513), and a mounting bracket (514); one end of the mounting block (511) is connected to the telescopic end of a telescopic support member (300), the mounting block (511) is provided with a through mounting hole along the first direction, and the second bearing assembly (513) is disposed in the mounting hole; the moving shaft (200) passes through the second bearing assembly (513), and the mounting block (511) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes communicating with the mounting hole along the circumferential direction of the moving shaft (200); the adjusting bolts (512) are threadedly connected to the threaded holes one by one; one end of the mounting bracket (514) is disposed on the mounting block (511), and a plurality of the optical measuring instruments (520) are provided at the other end.

7. The gear measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting drive assembly (620) includes a third rotary drive member (621), a second lead screw (622), and a second slider (623); the third rotary drive member (621) is connected to the workbench (100), and the output end of the third rotary drive member (621) is connected to the second lead screw (622); the second lead screw (622) is rotatably disposed on the workbench (100), and the axial direction of the second lead screw (622) is configured as the second direction; the second slider (623) is threadedly connected to the second lead screw (622); the contact detection needle (610) is disposed on the second slider (623).

8. The gear measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A displacement detector (630) is disposed on the workbench (100) for detecting the displacement amount of the second slider (623) moving in the second direction.

9. The gear measuring device according to claim 8, wherein It further includes a control system (800), and the first rotary drive member (410), the second rotary drive member (461), the third rotary drive member (621), the telescopic support member (300), the optical measuring instrument (520), the contact detection needle (610), and the displacement detector (630) are all communicatively connected to the control system (800).

10. A method for measuring a gear, characterized in that, When using the gear measuring device according to claim 5, the measuring method includes: Step S100: The first rotary drive member (410) drives the motion shaft (200) and the gear to be tested (700) to rotate counterclockwise via the V-belt (450); the light measuring instrument (520) emits linear structured light to the gear to measure the gear; and at the same time, the second rotary drive member (461) drives the third gear (440) to move in the third direction and the V-belt (450) is always kept in a tensioned state, so that the motion shaft (200) descends in the second direction following the action of the second rotary drive member (461); Step S200: the gear rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction, the first rotary drive member (410) and the second rotary drive member (461) stop working at the same time, and the gear (700) stops descending and rotating; In step S300, the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove under the drive of the lifting drive assembly (620), and then returns to step S100, the motion shaft (200) and the gear (700) continue to rotate counterclockwise and descend, and the contact detection needle (610) also follows and descends, and the descending speed of the contact detection needle (610) is greater than the descending speed of the motion shaft (200), so that the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) gradually moves away from the tooth groove and slides in contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the first inner side surface of the tooth groove; Step S400, when the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) descends and breaks contact with the first inner side surface of the tooth groove, if the contact detection needle (610) has completed measuring the first inner side surfaces of all tooth grooves on the gear, then proceed to step S500, otherwise return to step S200, so that the next tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction; Step S500: The first rotary drive member (410) drives the motion shaft (200) and the gear to be tested (700) to rotate clockwise via the V-belt (450); the optical measuring instrument (520) emits linear structured light toward the gear to measure the gear; and simultaneously, the telescopic support member (300) drives the motion shaft (200) to move upward in the second direction; Step S600: The gear rotates clockwise by a certain angle so that the tooth groove of the gear rotates to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction, the first rotary drive member (410) and the telescopic support member (300) stop working at the same time, and the gear (700) stops rising and rotating. Step S700: The detection end of the contact detection needle (610) rises to the tooth root position of the tooth groove driven by the lifting drive assembly (620), and then returns to step S500. The moving shaft (200) and the gear (700) continue to rotate clockwise and rise. At the same time, the contact detection needle (610) also rises accordingly, and the rising speed of the moving shaft (200) is greater than that of the contact detection needle (610), so that the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) gradually deviates from the tooth groove and makes sliding contact with the second inner side surface of the tooth groove, thereby measuring the second inner side surface of the tooth groove; Step S800: When the gear (700) rises and the second inner side surface of the tooth groove is disengaged from the contact detection needle (610), if the contact detection needle (610) has completed the measurement of the second inner side surfaces of all the tooth grooves on the gear, the measurement work ends. Otherwise, return to step S600 to rotate the next tooth groove of the gear to correspond to the detection end of the contact detection needle (610) in the second direction.

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