High-pressure preparation device for consolidated silt at bottoms of rivers, lakes and reservoirs

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-pressure preparation device for river, lake and reservoir bottom consolidated silt. The device comprises an experiment frame, a sedimentation assembly and a gas path, the sedimentation assembly comprises a sedimentation pipe, a top tray, a pilot-operated check valve, a pneumatic hand-pull valve, a control valve and a pressure gauge; the top tray is hermetically and detachably mounted at the top of the sedimentation pipe; the pressure gauge, the pilot-operated check valve and the control valve are mounted on the top tray and are communicated with the interior of the sedimentation pipe; the sedimentation pipe is filled with a sediment sample and water; the gas circuit comprises a high-pressure gas pipe, a control gas pipe and a pressure regulating valve; one end of the high-pressure air pipe is communicated with a high-pressure air source through a pressure regulating valve; one end of the control air pipe is communicated with an air source, and the other end of the control air pipe is communicated with a control port of the pilot-operated check valve through the pneumatic hand-pull valve; and an outlet of the pilot-operated check valve is communicated with the interior of the settling pipe. The real pressure environment is accurately simulated in a laboratory, the accuracy and repeatability are improved, reliable sediment samples are provided, the on-site collection frequency is reduced, and manpower and material resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of consolidated sediment collection, and particularly to a high-pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] In the field of consolidated sediment collection, the commonly used collection method is the mud column collection method, that is, using a mechanical device such as a gravity corer to sample the sediment on the river bed or seabed on site; the collected sample of the sediment is columnar sediment. Using the mud column collection method to collect the bottom of ultra-deep rivers, lakes and reservoirs has a high collection cost and a long collection period; moreover, the sediment samples need to be quickly numbered in segments and stored in a sealed and low-temperature manner to prevent the samples from being contaminated; the preservation and transportation of the sediment samples also require a large amount of manpower and material resources. Also, during the transportation of the columnar sediment, no matter how complete the preservation measures are, the columnar sediment will still change, such as water evaporation, chemical changes and density changes caused by changes in air pressure; the change in air pressure is from the underwater air pressure at the sampling point to the above-water air pressure; the water evaporation, chemical changes and density changes cause the columnar sediment to lose accuracy and representativeness over time during transportation, resulting in deviations in experimental results and misleading the judgment of researchers; therefore, the existing experiments on columnar sediment require the mud column collection method each time, consuming a large amount of manpower and material resources; even if the preservation measures for the sediment samples are complete, but they cannot be used immediately, they will still change and degenerate, and the experimental effect is not ideal, easily leading to misjudgment by researchers; the prior art lacks a device for preparing consolidated sediment experimental samples that can meet the timely experiments in the laboratory and has low costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a high-pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A high-pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs includes an experimental frame, a sedimentation component and a gas circuit arranged in sequence on the experimental frame; each sedimentation component includes a sedimentation tube, a top plate, a pilot check valve, a pneumatic hand-operated valve, a control valve, and a pressure gauge; the bottom of the sedimentation tube is sealed; the top plate is hermetically and detachably installed on the top of the sedimentation tube; sediment samples are placed into the sedimentation tube from the top; after the sediment samples are placed, the top plate can seal the top of the sedimentation tube; the sediment samples are a mixture of corresponding sediment samples and water; the corresponding sediment samples and water are mixed in a certain proportion, and a stirrer is used to fully mix the corresponding sediment samples and water until no excess water can be seen on the surface of the corresponding sediment samples, thus forming the sediment samples; the pressure gauge, the pilot check valve, and the control valve are installed on the top plate and communicate with the inside of the sedimentation tube; the inside of the sedimentation tube is filled with sediment samples and water; the gas circuit includes a high-pressure gas pipe, a control gas pipe, and a pressure regulating valve; one end of the high-pressure gas pipe communicates with a high-pressure gas source through the pressure regulating valve, and the other end communicates with the control valve; the high-pressure gas input by the high-pressure gas source is output through the pressure regulating valve; the pressure regulating valve adjusts the high-pressure gas output by the pressure regulating valve to make the high-pressure gas reach a suitable pressure; the high-pressure gas with adjusted pressure then enters the pressure tube through the control valve to apply pressure to the sediment samples; the control valve can control the on-off of the high-pressure gas entering the sedimentation tube; the underwater atmospheric pressure is different at different altitudes; for every 10 meters increase in depth below sea level, the water pressure intensity increases by one atmospheric pressure; according to this principle, the underwater pressure at different depths can be calculated; the pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the air pressure entering the sedimentation tube to simulate the underwater pressure at the corresponding depth inside the sedimentation tube; the sediment samples inside the sedimentation tube are maintained at this underwater pressure for a certain period of time, thereby simulating the natural sedimentation state of sediment under the corresponding water pressure at the corresponding depth underwater; different sedimentation tubes can simulate the sedimentation state of sediment under the same altitude (i.e., the same water pressure); the sediment can belong to the same sample to increase the sampling quantity and the reliability of the experiment, or can belong to different samples respectively to increase the types of samples and achieve a horizontal comparison of sediment sedimentation; one end of the control gas pipe communicates with the gas source, and the other end is respectively connected to the control port of the pilot check valve through the pneumatic hand-operated valve; the gas pressure introduced into the control gas pipe is lower than the high-pressure gas pressure entering the pressure regulating valve; the pneumatic hand-operated valve determines whether the gas flows to the control port of the pilot check valve; whether gas is introduced into the control port of the pilot check valve can be controlled through the pneumatic hand-operated valve; the outlet of the pilot check valve communicates with the inside of the sedimentation tube; when no gas enters the port of the pilot check valve, the pilot check valve can only lead from the inlet to the outlet and cannot lead from the outlet to the inlet, and the sedimentation tube cannot discharge gas from the pilot check valve, maintaining the sedimentation air pressure inside the sedimentation tube; when gas enters the port of the pilot check valve, the pilot check valve can lead from the outlet to the inlet, realizing the pressure relief of the sedimentation tube; this pressure relief method is a remote pressure relief method and is very safe to operate; the pressure gauge detects the internal pressure of the sedimentation tube in real time.

[0005] Preferably, the sedimentation assembly further includes a pressure relief valve; the pressure relief valve is installed on the top plate and communicates with the inside of the sedimentation tube; on the one hand, the pressure relief valve protects the sedimentation tube, and on the other hand, it serves as a backup pressure relief means.

[0006] Preferably, the sedimentation assembly further includes a chassis; the chassis is hermetically and detachably installed at the bottom of the sedimentation tube; the chassis can be opened from the bottom of the sedimentation tube to push out the sediment sample from the bottom up.

[0007] Furthermore, both the top plate and the chassis are of flange structure; an upper flange ring corresponding to and matching the top plate is provided at the upper end of the sedimentation tube; a lower flange ring corresponding to and matching the chassis is provided at the lower end of the sedimentation tube; the upper flange ring and the top plate, and the lower flange ring and the chassis are connected by bolt connectors; both the top and bottom of the sedimentation tube are detachably and hermetically connected.

[0008] Furthermore, the sedimentation assembly further includes an upper sealing ring and a lower sealing ring; the upper sealing ring is arranged between the upper flange ring and the top plate and is in close contact with the upper flange ring and the top plate; the lower sealing ring is arranged between the lower flange ring and the chassis and is in close contact with the lower flange ring and the chassis; relying solely on the flange structure for sealing requires the end faces of the top plate, the chassis, the upper flange ring and the lower flange ring to have high machining accuracy and ensure sufficient assembly accuracy, which undoubtedly increases the manufacturing cost and assembly cost; using the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring to perform hermetic treatment on the top and bottom of the sedimentation tube can reduce the manufacturing and installation costs of the top plate, the chassis and the sedimentation tube.

[0009] Preferably, the experimental rack includes a portal frame, several suspension beams, suspension columns, and U-shaped clips; the suspension beams are horizontally arranged at equal intervals and are connected to the top of the portal frame at both ends through the suspension columns; the U-shaped clips are vertically arranged and connected to the inner walls on both sides of the portal frame and both sides of the suspension beams; ear plates extend out from the middle of the sedimentation tube to opposite sides; the ear plates are clamped into the U-shaped clips to install the sedimentation tube onto the experimental rack.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the U-shaped clip ≥ the length of the ear plate to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the sedimentation tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the experimental rack further includes a top box; the top box is installed on the top of the portal frame; a pneumatic hand-operated valve is installed on the top of the top box; a pressure regulating valve is installed on the side of the top box; the high-pressure air pipe and the control air pipe are arranged inside the top box to be protected.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs further includes a water receiving tank; the water receiving tank is arranged below the portal frame and is directly opposite to the sedimentation tube, which can effectively collect the seeping muddy water, ensure the cleanliness and orderliness of the experimental environment, eliminate the influence of the muddy water on the experimental results, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0013] Preferably, the gas circuit further includes an air compressor and a gas storage tank with a pressure boosting valve; the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the pressure boosting valve on the gas storage tank; the output end of the pressure boosting valve is connected to the input end of the gas storage tank; the output end of the gas storage tank is connected to the control valve; the pressure boosting valve can boost the gas output by the air compressor so that the high-pressure gas output by the gas storage tank meets the pressure requirements of the settling tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the gas circuit further includes a tee joint; two joints of the tee joint are respectively connected to the output end of the air compressor and the input end of the pressure boosting valve; the other joint of the tee joint is respectively connected to the pneumatic pull valves of each settling component; when the pneumatic pull valve is pulled up, the gas output by the air compressor enters the pilot check valve through the tee joint, causing the settling tube to relieve pressure.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The high-pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] (1) The present invention can accurately simulate the real pressure environment of the consolidated sediment experimental sample in the laboratory, greatly improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental sample production, providing more reliable sediment samples for scientific research personnel, ensuring the accuracy of experimental results, and assisting scientific research personnel in making correct judgments; this can also greatly reduce the number of times of collecting mud columns on site, saving a large amount of manpower and material resources.

[0017] (2) The settling tube of the present invention cooperates with the top plate and the bottom plate, so that the consolidated sediment experimental sample is always stably maintained in the same container throughout the processes of processing, transportation and transfer, effectively protecting the sediment sample; compared with the prior art, after the experimental sample is prepared in the present invention, the replacement of the container is reduced, and it is only transported and transferred within the effective range of the laboratory, which can ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the experimental sample to the greatest extent. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the high-pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view I of

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the partial main view sectional view of

[0021] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the A-A sectional view of

[0022] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged view II of

[0023] Figure 6Yes Figure 4 III enlarged view of

[0024] Figure 7 Yes Figure 4 Sectional view B - B of

[0025] Figure 8 is the pneumatic circuit diagram of the high - pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 is the physical object of the high - pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs of the present invention Figure One ;

[0027] Figure 10 is the physical object of the high - pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs of the present invention Figure Two ;

[0028] Figure 11 is the physical object of the high - pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs of the present invention Figure Three ;

[0029] Figure 12 is the physical object of the high - pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes and reservoirs of the present invention Figure Four ;

[0030] In the figure: 1. experimental rack, 11. portal frame, 12. suspension beam, 13. suspension column, 14. U - shaped clamp, 15. top box, 21. sedimentation tube, 211. upper flange ring, 212. lower flange ring, 22. top plate, 23. pilot - operated check valve, 24. pneumatic hand - operated valve, 25. control valve, 26. pressure gauge, 27. pressure relief valve, 28. chassis, 291. upper sealing ring, 292. lower sealing ring, 31. high - pressure air pipe, 32. control air pipe, 33. pressure regulating valve, 4. water receiving tank. Detailed implementation method

[0031] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 - 8, A high-pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs includes an experimental frame 1, a sedimentation component and a gas circuit arranged in sequence on the experimental frame 1; each sedimentation component includes a sedimentation tube 21, a top plate 22, a pilot check valve 23, a pneumatic hand-operated valve 24, a control valve 25, and a pressure gauge 26; the bottom of the sedimentation tube 21 is sealed; the top plate 22 is hermetically and detachably installed on the top of the sedimentation tube 21; sediment samples are placed into the sedimentation tube 21 from the top; after the sediment samples are placed, the top plate 22 can seal the top of the sedimentation tube 21; the sediment samples are a mixture of corresponding sediment samples and water; the corresponding sediment samples and water are mixed in a certain proportion, and a stirrer is used to fully mix the corresponding sediment samples and water until no excess water can be seen on the surface of the corresponding sediment samples, then the sediment samples are formed; the pressure gauge 26, the pilot check valve 23, and the control valve 25 are installed on the top plate 22 and communicate with the inside of the sedimentation tube 21; the inside of the sedimentation tube 21 is filled with sediment samples and water; the gas circuit includes a high-pressure gas pipe 31, a control gas pipe 32, and a pressure regulating valve 33; one end of the high-pressure gas pipe 31 communicates with a high-pressure gas source through the pressure regulating valve 33, and the other end communicates with the control valve 25; the high-pressure gas input by the high-pressure gas source is output through the pressure regulating valve 33; the pressure regulating valve 33 adjusts the high-pressure gas output by the pressure regulating valve 33 to make the high-pressure gas reach a suitable pressure; the high-pressure gas with the adjusted pressure then enters the pressure pipe through the control valve to apply pressure to the sediment samples; the control valve can control the on-off of the high-pressure gas entering the sedimentation tube 21; the underwater atmospheric pressure is different at different altitudes; for every 10 meters increase in depth below sea level, the water pressure intensity increases by one atmosphere; according to this principle, the underwater pressure at different depths can be calculated; the pressure regulating valve 33 is used to adjust the air pressure entering the sedimentation tube 21 to simulate the underwater pressure at the corresponding depth inside the sedimentation tube 21; the sediment samples in the sedimentation tube 21 are maintained at this underwater pressure for a certain period of time, thereby simulating the natural sedimentation state of sediment under the corresponding water pressure at the corresponding depth underwater; different sedimentation tubes 21 can simulate the sedimentation state of sediment under the same altitude (i.e., the same water pressure); the sediment can belong to the same sample to increase the sampling quantity and the reliability of the experiment, or can belong to different samples respectively to increase the sample types and achieve a horizontal comparison of sediment sedimentation; one end of the control gas pipe 32 communicates with the gas source, and the other end communicates with the control port of the pilot check valve 23 through the pneumatic hand-operated valve 24 respectively; the gas pressure introduced into the control gas pipe 32 is lower than the high-pressure gas pressure entering the pressure regulating valve 33; the pneumatic hand-operated valve 24 determines whether the gas flows to the control port of the pilot check valve 23; whether gas is introduced into the control port of the pilot check valve 23 can be controlled through the pneumatic hand-operated valve 24; the outlet of the pilot check valve 23 communicates with the inside of the sedimentation tube 21; when no gas enters the port of the pilot check valve 23, the pilot check valve 23 can only lead from the inlet to the outlet and cannot lead from the outlet to the inlet, and the sedimentation tube 21 cannot discharge gas from the pilot check valve 23, maintaining the sedimentation air pressure inside the sedimentation tube 21;When gas enters the 23 - port of the pilot - type check valve, the pilot - type check valve 23 can lead from the outlet to the inlet, realizing the pressure relief of the sedimentation tube 21; this pressure - relief method is a remote pressure - relief method and is very safe to operate; the pressure gauge 26 detects the internal pressure of the sedimentation tube 21 in real - time.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can accurately simulate the real - pressure environment of the consolidated sediment experimental sample in the laboratory, greatly improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment, and providing more reliable sediment samples for scientific research personnel.

[0033] The sedimentation tube 21 cooperates with the top plate 22 and the bottom plate 28, so that the consolidated sediment experimental sample is always stably maintained in the same container throughout the whole process of processing, transportation and transfer, effectively protecting the sediment sample; compared with the prior art, after the experimental sample is prepared in the present invention, the replacement of the container is reduced, and the transportation and transfer are only carried out within the effective range of the laboratory, which can ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the experimental sample to the greatest extent.

[0034] The sedimentation assembly further includes a pressure - relief valve 27; the pressure - relief valve 27 is installed on the top plate 22 and is in communication with the inside of the sedimentation tube 21; on the one hand, the pressure - relief valve 27 protects the sedimentation tube 21, and on the other hand, it serves as a backup pressure - relief means.

[0035] The sedimentation assembly further includes a bottom plate 28; the bottom plate 28 is hermetically and detachably installed at the bottom of the sedimentation tube 21; the bottom plate 28 can be opened from the bottom of the sedimentation tube 21 to push out the sediment sample from the bottom up.

[0036] Both the top plate 22 and the bottom plate 28 are of flange - plate structure; an upper flange ring 211 corresponding to and matching the top plate 22 is provided at the upper end of the sedimentation tube 21; a lower flange ring 212 corresponding to and matching the bottom plate 28 is provided at the lower end of the sedimentation tube 21; the upper flange ring 211 and the top plate 22, and the lower flange ring 212 and the bottom plate 28 are both connected by bolt connectors; the top and bottom of the sedimentation tube 21 are hermetically and detachably connected.

[0037] The sedimentation assembly further includes an upper sealing ring 291 and a lower sealing ring 292; the upper sealing ring 291 is arranged between the upper flange ring 211 and the top plate 22 and is in close contact with the upper flange ring 211 and the top plate 22; the lower sealing ring 292 is arranged between the lower flange ring 212 and the bottom plate 28 and is in close contact with the lower flange ring 212 and the bottom plate 28; relying solely on the flange - plate structure for sealing requires the end faces of the top plate 22, the bottom plate 28, the upper flange ring 211 and the lower flange ring 212 to have high machining accuracy and ensure sufficient assembly accuracy, which undoubtedly increases the manufacturing cost and assembly cost; using the upper sealing ring 291 and the lower sealing ring 292 to perform airtight treatment on the top and bottom of the sedimentation tube 21 can reduce the manufacturing and installation costs of the top plate 22, the bottom plate 28 and the sedimentation tube 21.

[0038] The experimental rack 1 includes a portal frame 11, a number of suspension beams 12, suspension columns 13, and U-shaped clamps 14; the suspension beams 12 are horizontally arranged at equal intervals, and both ends are connected to the top of the portal frame 11 through the suspension columns 13; the U-shaped clamps 14 are vertically arranged and connected to the inner walls on both sides of the portal frame 11 and both sides of the suspension beams 12; the middle of the settlement tube 21 extends out ear plates towards the opposite sides; the ear plates are clamped into the U-shaped clamps 14 to install the settlement tube 21 onto the experimental rack 1.

[0039] The length of the U-shaped clamp 14 ≥ the length of the ear plate to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the settlement tube 21.

[0040] The side of the portal frame 11 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which can improve the support stability of the portal frame 11.

[0041] The experimental rack 1 further includes a top box 15; the top box 15 is installed on the top of the portal frame 11; the pneumatic hand-operated valve 24 is installed on the top of the top box 15; the pressure regulating valve 33 is installed on the side of the top box 15; the high-pressure air pipe 31 and the control air pipe 32 are arranged inside the top box 15 and are protected.

[0042] The high-pressure preparation device for consolidated sediment at the bottom of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs further includes a water receiving tank 4; the water receiving tank 4 is arranged below the portal frame 11 and is opposite to the settlement tube 21, which can effectively collect the seeping muddy water, ensure the cleanliness and orderliness of the experimental environment, eliminate the influence of the muddy water on the experimental results, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the experiment.

[0043] The air circuit further includes an air compressor and a gas storage tank with a booster valve; the output end of the air compressor is communicated with the input end of the booster valve on the gas storage tank; the output end of the booster valve is communicated with the input end of the gas storage tank; the output end of the gas storage tank is communicated with the control valve 25; the booster valve can boost the gas output by the air compressor so that the high-pressure gas output by the gas storage tank meets the pressure requirements of the settlement tube 21.

[0044] The working process of this embodiment:

[0045] Add the sediment sample into the settlement tube 21; the sediment sample can be the same batch of samples collected from the same sampling point and evenly divided into multiple portions and added into each settlement tube 21; or it can be different samples collected from different sampling points and added into each settlement tube 21 respectively; pour the sediment sample into the settlement tube 21; add the sediment sample to a specific height in one settlement tube 21 at a time, and use a special tool such as a spatula to level the top of the sediment sample; measure the middle and edge areas at the top of the sediment sample multiple times and take the average value as the distance h from the top of the sediment sample to the top of the settlement tube 21 1;Inject water into the sedimentation tube 21 until it is flush with the top of the sedimentation barrel. Cover the top plate 22 to seal the sedimentation tube 21, and use bolt connectors to ensure the airtight state at the top of the sedimentation tube 21. Deliver the same high-pressure gas to each sedimentation tube 21 through the high-pressure gas pipe 31; open the control valve 25 of the corresponding sedimentation tube 21 to allow the high-pressure gas to enter the interior of the sedimentation tube 21, and pressurize the sediment sample through the water layer at the top; close the control valve 25 at a fixed time point every day, and make the gas in the control air pipe 32 rush into the control port of the pilot check valve 23 through the pneumatic hand-operated valve 24, so that the inlet and outlet of the pilot check valve 23 are connected; the high-pressure gas in the sedimentation tube 21 reaches air pressure balance with the outside through the pilot check valve 23 to achieve pressure relief; sample and measure the sediment sample in the sedimentation tube 21.

[0046] For example, the simplest calculation of the degree of compaction is the ratio of the density of the sediment sample in the sedimentation tube 21 before pressurization to the density of the sediment sample in the sedimentation tube 21 after pressure relief. Since the total mass of the sediment sample inside the sedimentation tube 21 remains unchanged, this calculation of the degree of compaction can be converted into the volume ratio of the sediment sample in the sedimentation tube 21 after pressure relief to the sediment sample in the sedimentation tube 21 before pressurization; and because the cavity inside the sedimentation tube 21 is a cylindrical cavity with a constant diameter, this degree of compaction can be calculated according to the height ratio of the sediment sample in the sedimentation tube 21 after pressure relief to the sediment sample in the sedimentation tube 21 before pressurization.

[0047] Assume that the height of the cavity of the sedimentation tube 21 is H, and the distance h from the top of the sediment sample obtained before pressurization to the top of the sedimentation tube 21 1 ;The distance h from the top of the sediment sample obtained after pressurization to the top of the sedimentation tube 21 2 ;Calculation of the degree of compaction:

[0048] Generally, the collection of columnar sediment is used for the top-pushing erosion experiment; the existing sedimentation experiment usually is equipped with a top-pushing mechanism to realize the upward movement of the sediment sample; the upper end of the sediment sample is continuously eroded by the water flow; the sedimentation tube 21 of this embodiment is vertically through and all radial cross-sections are the same; so when the sedimentation tube 21 of this embodiment is used for the top-pushing erosion experiment, only the chassis 28 connected to the sedimentation tube 21 needs to be removed, and the top-pushing mechanism is connected to the lower end of the sedimentation tube 21; the sedimentation tube 21 of this embodiment is very convenient for the top-pushing erosion experiment.

[0049] Embodiment 2: Embodiment 2 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the same parts will not be described again. The differences are as follows: The gas path further includes a three-way joint; the two joints of the three-way joint are respectively communicated with the output end of the air compressor and the input end of the booster valve; the other joint of the three-way joint is respectively communicated with the pneumatic hand-operated valve 24 of each sedimentation component; when the pneumatic hand-operated valve 24 is pulled up, the gas output by the air compressor enters the pilot check valve 23 through the three-way joint, so that the sedimentation tube 21 is depressurized.

Claims

1. A high-pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir, characterized in that: It includes an experimental frame, sedimentation components and air circuits arranged in sequence on the experimental frame; each sedimentation component includes a sedimentation tube, a top plate, a pilot check valve, a pneumatic hand-pull valve, a control valve and a pressure gauge; the top plate is sealed and detachably installed on the top of the sedimentation tube; the bottom of the sedimentation tube is sealed; the pressure gauge, the pilot check valve and the control valve are installed on the top plate and are connected to the inside of the sedimentation tube; the inside of the sedimentation tube is filled with sediment samples and water; the air circuit includes a high-pressure air pipe, a control air pipe and a pressure regulating valve; one end of the high-pressure air pipe is connected to a high-pressure air source through a pressure regulating valve, and the other end is connected to the control valve; one end of the control air pipe is connected to the air source, and the other end is connected to the control port of the pilot check valve through a pneumatic hand-pull valve; the outlet of the pilot check valve is connected to the inside of the sedimentation tube.

2. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation assembly also includes a pressure relief valve; the pressure relief valve is installed on the top plate and communicated with the interior of the sedimentation pipe.

3. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation assembly also includes a chassis; the chassis is detachably installed at the bottom of the sedimentation tube in a sealed manner.

4. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate and the bottom plate are both flange structures; an upper flange ring corresponding to the top plate is provided at the upper end of the sedimentation pipe; a lower flange ring corresponding to the bottom plate is provided at the lower end of the sedimentation pipe; the upper flange ring and the top plate, and the lower flange ring and the bottom plate are connected by bolt connectors.

5. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sinking assembly also includes an upper sealing ring and a lower sealing ring; the upper sealing ring is arranged between the upper flange ring and the top plate, and is tightly attached to the upper flange ring and the top plate; the lower sealing ring is arranged between the lower flange ring and the bottom plate, and is tightly attached to the lower flange ring and the bottom plate.

6. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental frame includes a gantry, several suspension beams, hanging columns, and U-shaped clamps; the suspension beams are arranged horizontally at equal intervals, and both ends are connected to the top of the gantry through hanging columns; the U-shaped clamps are vertically arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the gantry and connected to both sides of the suspension beams; ear plates extend from the middle of the sedimentation tube to opposite sides; the ear plates are clamped in the U-shaped clamps.

7. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: The experimental frame also includes a top box; the top box is installed on the top of the door-shaped frame; the pneumatic hand-pull valve is installed on the top of the top box; the pressure regulating valve is installed on the side of the top box; and the high-pressure air pipe and the control air pipe are arranged inside the top box.

8. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a water receiving trough, which is arranged below the portal frame and directly faces the sedimentation pipe.

9. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas circuit also includes an air compressor and an air storage tank with a boost valve; the output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the boost valve on the air storage tank; the output end of the boost valve is connected to the input end of the air storage tank; and the output end of the air storage tank is connected to the control valve.

10. The high pressure preparation device for consolidating sediment at the bottom of a river, lake or reservoir according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gas circuit also includes a three-way joint; two joints of the three-way joint are respectively connected to the output end of the air compressor and the input end of the boost valve; and the other joint of the three-way joint is respectively connected to the pneumatic hand-pull valve of each sedimentation component.

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