Impregnation aging system and method for preparing aerogel composite material

Abstract

The invention relates to a dipping and aging system and method for preparing an aerogel composite material. The dipping and aging system for preparing the aerogel composite material comprises a plurality of dipping devices, an ultrasonic device, a sol solution feeding device, an aging solution feeding device, a negative pressure device and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) control system, the dipping device comprises a flexible bag body; a first channel opening and a second channel opening are formed in the outer side of the flexible bag body; the negative pressure device is connected with the flexible bag body through a first pipeline; the sol solution feeding device is connected with the flexible bag body through a second pipeline; the aging solution feeding device is connected with the flexible bag body through a second pipeline; the ultrasonic device is connected with the flexible bag body through a second pipeline; the first channel opening is connected with the first channel, and the second channel opening is connected with the second channel; in the preparation process of the aerogel composite material, the production cost of large-scale impregnation and aging is low, the matrix material is uniformly impregnated, and the sol-gel degree is sufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerogel composite materials, and particularly to the technical field of an impregnation aging system and method for preparing aerogel composite materials. Background Art

[0002] Aerogels have good heat insulation performance and low mass, but aerogel materials have the problem of low strength, which affects the application of aerogel materials in a wide range of fields. Aerogel composite materials formed by compounding aerogels with matrix materials can retain the high heat insulation performance of the gel materials while improving their strength, showing excellent characteristics such as light weight, heat preservation and insulation, fire prevention, sound insulation, shock absorption and energy absorption, and are widely used in military fields such as national defense and security anti-terrorism, as well as civilian fields such as green buildings, heat transfer, public transportation, and financial equipment protection.

[0003] In the existing industrial production of aerogel composite materials, matrix materials and sol solutions are added to a large stainless steel container tank for impregnation, and then the impregnated matrix materials are transferred to a large stainless steel container tank storing an aging solution for aging. There is about 40% or more waste of raw materials in the sol solution and aging solution in the stainless steel container tank; and there are problems such as low impregnation degree of the sol solution on the matrix materials and insufficient sol-gel degree, resulting in low heat insulation performance and low mechanical properties of the aerogel composite materials, and high industrial production costs.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve low production costs for large-scale impregnation aging during the preparation process of aerogel composite materials, with uniform impregnation of matrix materials and sufficient sol-gel degree has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an impregnation aging system and method for preparing aerogel composite materials, so as to achieve low production costs for large-scale impregnation aging during the preparation process of aerogel composite materials, with uniform impregnation of matrix materials and sufficient sol-gel degree.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides an impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials, which is characterized by including a plurality of impregnation devices, an ultrasonic device, a sol solution feeding device, an aging solution feeding device, a negative pressure device, and a PLC control system.

[0007] The impregnation device includes a flexible bag body; a first channel port and a second channel port are arranged on the outer side of the flexible bag body.

[0008] The negative pressure device is connected to the flexible bag body through a first pipeline.

[0009] The sol solution feeding device is connected to the flexible bag body through a second pipeline.

[0010] The aging solution feeding device is connected to the flexible bag through a second pipeline;

[0011] The ultrasonic device is connected to the flexible bag through a second pipeline;

[0012] The PLC control system is electrically connected to the ultrasonic device, the sol solution feeding device, the aging solution feeding device, and the negative pressure device through wires;

[0013] The first channel port is connected to the first channel, and the second channel port is connected to the second channel.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by including a flexible bag in the impregnation device, and the outer side of the flexible bag is provided with a first channel port and a second channel port, it can be realized that the matrix material is placed in the flexible bag. Through the negative pressure device connected to the flexible bag through a first pipeline, the gas in the flexible bag is pumped out to be in a negative pressure state and the shape of the flexible bag is consistent with the shape of the matrix material. Furthermore, after adding the sol solution into the flexible bag, all the sol liquid in the flexible bag completely submerges the matrix material and the amount of the sol solution around the matrix material is basically the same, avoiding the problem of waste of raw materials caused by excessive redundant sol solution, thereby reducing the large-scale production cost; at the same time, it can be realized that the sol solution effectively and uniformly enters the matrix material under the negative pressure state and the sol solution is uniformly distributed in the matrix material;

[0015] By connecting the sol solution feeding device to the flexible bag through a second pipeline, it can be realized that the sol solution is added into the flexible bag by negative pressure, and the shape of the flexible bag after adding the sol solution is in proportion to the shape of the matrix material, thus avoiding the problem of waste of raw materials caused by excessive redundant sol solution;

[0016] By connecting the ultrasonic device to the flexible bag through a second pipeline, after the sol solution is added into the flexible bag, ultrasonic waves are added into the flexible bag, so as to realize that the gel degree of the sol solution impregnated in the matrix material is sufficient;

[0017] By connecting the aging solution feeding device to the flexible bag through a second pipeline, after the matrix material in the flexible bag is impregnated with the sol solution and gelled, an aging solution can be added into the flexible bag for aging, so that the large-scale impregnation and aging processes of the matrix material can be carried out in one container, improving the large-scale production efficiency and further reducing the large-scale production cost.

[0018] Furthermore, the material of the flexible bag is polyethylene terephthalate or nylon;

[0019] The flexible bag includes a bag opening, and a locking mechanism is provided at the bag opening;

[0020] The first channel opening is located at a part of the flexible bag body close to the bag opening, and the second channel opening is located at a part of the flexible bag body far from the bag opening;

[0021] and / or

[0022] The flexible bag body is provided with a plurality of hanging holes.

[0023] The effect of the previous step is that, by using polyethylene terephthalate or nylon as the material of the flexible bag body, after applying negative pressure to the flexible bag body, the shape of the meat flavor bag body is made consistent with the shape of the matrix material in the flexible bag body;

[0024] By arranging a plurality of hanging holes on the flexible bag body, the flexible bag body can be fixed or limited during the large-scale impregnation and aging process of the matrix material.

[0025] Further, the negative pressure device includes an air delivery pipeline and a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the first channel through the air delivery pipeline;

[0026] The first channel or the air delivery pipeline is provided with a first switching valve.

[0027] The beneficial effect of the previous step is to evacuate the flexible bag body to achieve a negative pressure state inside the flexible bag body.

[0028] Further, the sol solution feeding device includes a sol solution storage tank and a first liquid delivery pipeline;

[0029] The sol solution storage tank is directly connected or connected to the first liquid delivery pipeline through a first liquid inlet pump;

[0030] The first liquid delivery pipeline is connected to the second pipeline;

[0031] and / or

[0032] The aging solution feeding device includes an aging solution storage tank and a second liquid delivery pipeline;

[0033] The aging solution storage tank is directly connected or connected to the second liquid delivery pipeline through a second liquid inlet pump;

[0034] The second liquid delivery pipeline is connected to the second pipeline.

[0035] The beneficial effect of the previous step is to separately add the sol solution and the aging solution into the flexible bag body, and the matrix material is impregnated and aged in the same flexible bag body.

[0036] Further, an impregnation and aging system for preparing an aerogel composite material is characterized in that it further includes a liquid discharging device, and the liquid discharging device is connected to the flexible bag body through the second pipeline;

[0037] The liquid discharging device is electrically connected to the PLC control system through an electric wire;

[0038] The liquid discharging device includes a liquid discharging pump and a liquid discharging pipeline. The liquid discharging pump is connected to the second channel through the liquid discharging pipeline.

[0039] It is connected to the second channel through a liquid outlet conveying pipeline.

[0040] The beneficial effect of the previous step is that by connecting the liquid discharging device to the flexible bag body through the second pipeline, it can realize discharging the excess sol solution in the flexible bag body after impregnating the matrix material in the flexible bag body with the sol solution.

[0041] Furthermore, the ultrasonic device includes an ultrasonic generator and a third channel. The ultrasonic generator is connected to the second channel through the third channel.

[0042] The beneficial effect of the previous step is that it can realize sufficient gelation of the sol solution impregnating the matrix material in the flexible bag body.

[0043] Furthermore, the first infusion pipeline and the first infusion pipeline are connected to the second channel through a first three-way valve;

[0044] A second three-way valve is provided in the second channel between the second channel port and the first three-way valve; The opening of the second three-way valve away from the second channel is connected to the liquid discharging pipeline;

[0045] A third three-way valve is provided in the second channel between the second channel port and the second three-way valve;

[0046] The opening of the third three-way valve away from the third channel is connected to the third channel.

[0047] The beneficial effect of the previous step is that by connecting the first infusion pipeline and the first infusion pipeline to the second channel through the first three-way valve, it can realize adding sol solution or aging solution to the flexible bag body or stopping adding solution to the flexible bag body through the second channel according to the preset process flow;

[0048] By providing a second three-way valve in the second channel between the second channel port and the first three-way valve; The opening of the second three-way valve away from the second channel is connected to the liquid discharging pipeline, it can realize discharging the liquid in the flexible bag body through the second channel or closing the channel between the second channel and the liquid discharging pipeline and at the same time realize that the second channel can be communicated with the third channel or the first three-way valve;

[0049] A third three-way valve is provided through a second channel between the second channel opening and the second three-way valve. The opening of the third three-way valve away from the third channel is connected to the third channel, so as to add ultrasonic waves to the flexible bag through the second channel or close the channels of the second channel and the second channel, and at the same time enable the second channel to communicate with the drain pipe or the first three-way valve.

[0050] Further, concave or convex patterns are provided on the inner wall of the flexible bag. The patterns are circular or polygonal, and the depth of the concave pattern or the thickness of the convex pattern is 0.1 mm - 0.5 mm.

[0051] The beneficial effect of the previous step is that it is conducive to the sol solution or the aging solution flowing along the bag wall through the concave or convex patterns inside the flexible bag, and the sol solution or the aging solution enters the special-shaped composite material from all directions, so as to be conducive to fully impregnating the matrix material under negative pressure and making the impregnation inside the matrix material uniform.

[0052] Further, a liquid level sensor is provided on the flexible bag; a vacuum gauge is provided on the first channel;

[0053] The liquid level sensor, the first switch valve, the vacuum pump, the drain pump, the ultrasonic generator, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve are electrically connected to the PLC control system;

[0054] Through the PLC control system, the third three-way valve and the ultrasonic generator are linked. When the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is opened, the ultrasonic generator is turned on. When the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed, the ultrasonic generator is turned off;

[0055] Through the PLC control system, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump are linked to be turned on;

[0056] The first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the drain pump, and the first switch valve are linked;

[0057] When the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is opened, the first switch valve and the drain pump are closed, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drain pipe is closed, and the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed;

[0058] When the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drain pipe is opened, the drain pump is turned on, the first switch valve is closed, the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is closed, and the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed;

[0059] When the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is opened, the first switch valve and the drain pump are closed, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drain pipe is closed, and the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is closed.

[0060] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous step is to realize vacuum pumping of the flexible bag body through PLC control, make the matrix material in the flexible bag body in a negative pressure device, suck the sol solution into the flexible bag body through negative pressure to fully impregnate the matrix material, fully gel the sol solution in the matrix material through ultrasonic waves, discharge the excess sol solution in the flexible bag body, and suck the aging solution into the flexible bag body through negative pressure to age the gel in the matrix material.

[0061] Another aspect of the present invention provides an impregnation and aging method for preparing an aerogel composite material, and the aerogel composite material is prepared through the impregnation and aging system for preparing the aerogel composite material;

[0062] Open the openings of several flexible bag bodies, place the matrix material into the flexible bag bodies and then close the openings of the flexible bag bodies;

[0063] Connect several flexible bag bodies to the first support frame through the suspension holes;

[0064] Connect the first channel port near the opening of the flexible bag body to the first channel;

[0065] Connect the second channel port far from the opening of the flexible bag body to the second channel;

[0066] Through the PLC control system, interlock and open the first switching valve and the vacuum pump connected to the first channel. At this time, the drain pump is closed, the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is closed, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drain pipe is closed, and the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed; when the negative pressure shown by the vacuum gauge on the first channel reaches the set value, close the first switching valve and the vacuum pump;

[0067] Through the PLC control system, open the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel and the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the first infusion pipeline, close the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drain pipe, and close the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third pipeline; realize sucking the sol solution in the sol solution storage tank connected to the first infusion pipeline into the flexible bag body through the negative pressure in the flexible bag body. When the liquid level sensor set on the flexible bag body shows that the liquid level reaches the set value, close the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel;

[0068] Then, through the PLC control system, control the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel to open and the ultrasonic generator to start. After the sol solution impregnated in the matrix material in the flexible bag body is gelled, control the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel to close and the ultrasonic generator to close;

[0069] Then, through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipe is opened, and the drain pump is started to pump out the remaining sol solution in the flexible bag body. Then, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipe is closed, and the drain pump is turned off.

[0070] Through the PLC control system, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump connected to the first channel are interlocked and opened. When the negative pressure shown by the vacuum gauge on the first channel reaches the set value, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump are closed.

[0071] Through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is opened, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second infusion pipeline is opened, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipe is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third pipe is closed. It is realized that the aging solution in the aging solution storage tank connected to the second infusion pipeline is sucked into the flexible bag body through the negative pressure in the flexible bag body. When the liquid level sensor set on the flexible bag body shows that the liquid level reaches the set value, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is closed.

[0072] After reaching the set aging time, through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipe is opened, and the drain pump is started to pump out the remaining aging solution in the flexible bag body. Then, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipe is closed, and the drain pump is turned off. Thus, the impregnation aging of the aerogel composite material is completed.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Through the PLC control system, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump connected to the first channel are interlocked and opened. At this time, the drain pump is closed, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is closed, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipe is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third channel is closed, realizing that the gas in the flexible bag body is pumped out to be in a negative pressure state and the outer shape of the flexible bag body is consistent with the outer shape of the matrix material.

[0074] Through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is opened, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the first infusion pipeline is opened, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipe is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third pipe is closed. It is realized that the matrix material contacts with the sol solution under the negative pressure device, and the sol solution submerges the matrix material. The outer shape of the flexible bag body containing the sol solution is in proportion to the outer shape of the matrix material, so that the sol solution can effectively and evenly enter the matrix material under the negative pressure state. The sol solution is evenly distributed in the matrix material, avoiding the problem of waste of raw materials caused by excessive and redundant sol solution, thereby reducing the large-scale production cost.

[0075] The PLC control system is used to control the opening of the opening where the third three-way valve is connected to the third channel and the ultrasonic generator is turned on, so as to fully gel the sol inside the matrix material in the flexible bag.

[0076] The PLC control system is used to control the opening of the opening where the second three-way valve is connected to the drain pipe and the drain pump is turned on, and the remaining sol solution in the flexible bag is pumped out, which is beneficial to the subsequent good aging effect after adding the aging solution.

[0077] The PLC control system opens the opening where the first three-way valve is connected to the second channel and the opening where the first three-way valve is connected to the second infusion pipeline, closes the opening where the second three-way valve is connected to the drain pipe, and closes the opening where the third three-way valve is connected to the third pipeline, so that the aging solution effectively and evenly enters the flexible bag under negative pressure and contacts the gelled matrix material evenly, with a high degree of aging, and avoids the problem of waste of raw materials caused by too much redundant aging solution, thus further facilitating the reduction of large-scale production costs. Specific implementation mode

[0078] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0079] Embodiment 1

[0080] This embodiment provides an impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composites, including several impregnation devices, ultrasonic devices, sol solution feeding devices, aging solution feeding devices, negative pressure devices, drain devices, and PLC control systems;

[0081] The impregnation device includes a flexible bag, and the material of the flexible bag is polyethylene terephthalate or nylon; the flexible bag includes a bag opening, and a locking mechanism is provided at the bag opening; a first channel port and a second channel port are provided outside the flexible bag; several hanging holes are provided on the flexible bag; a liquid level sensor is provided on the flexible bag.

[0082] The first channel port is located at a position of the flexible bag close to the bag opening, and the second channel port is located at a position of the flexible bag far from the bag opening;

[0083] The negative pressure device is connected to the flexible bag through a first pipeline; a vacuum gauge is provided in the first channel;

[0084] The sol solution feeding device is connected to the flexible bag through a second pipeline;

[0085] The aging solution feeding device is connected to the flexible bag through a second pipeline;

[0086] The ultrasonic device is connected to the flexible bag through a second pipeline;

[0087] The PLC control system is electrically connected to the ultrasonic device, the sol solution feeding device, the aging solution feeding device, and the negative pressure device through electric wires;

[0088] The first channel opening is connected to the first channel, and the second channel opening is connected to the second channel;

[0089] The negative pressure device comprises a gas pipeline and a vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is connected to the first channel via the gas pipeline; the first channel or the gas pipeline is provided with a first switch valve;

[0090] The sol solution feeding device comprises a sol solution storage tank and a first infusion pipeline;

[0091] The sol solution storage tank is directly connected to the first infusion pipeline;

[0092] The first infusion pipeline is connected to the second pipeline; the aging solution feeding device includes an aging solution storage tank and a second infusion pipeline;

[0093] The aging solution storage tank is directly connected to the second infusion pipeline; and the second infusion pipeline is connected to the second pipe.

[0094] The liquid discharge device is connected to the flexible bag body through a second pipe; the liquid discharge device is electrically connected to the PLC control system through an electric wire;

[0095] The liquid discharge device comprises a liquid discharge pump and a liquid discharge pipeline. The liquid discharge pump is connected to the second channel via the liquid discharge pipeline and is connected to the second channel via a liquid discharge delivery pipeline.

[0096] The ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator and a third channel, and the ultrasonic generator is connected to the second channel through the third channel.

[0097] The first infusion pipeline and the first infusion pipeline are connected to the second channel through the first three-way valve; a second three-way valve is arranged on the second channel between the second channel opening and the first three-way valve; the second three-way valve is connected to the drainage pipe away from the opening of the second channel; a third three-way valve is arranged on the second channel between the second channel opening and the second three-way valve; the third three-way valve is connected to the third channel away from the opening of the third channel.

[0098] The liquid level sensor, the first switch valve, the vacuum pump, the liquid displacement pump, the ultrasonic generator, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the third three-way valve are electrically connected to the PLC control system;

[0099] The PLC control system is used to control the interlocking settings of the third three-way valve and the ultrasonic generator. When the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is opened, the ultrasonic generator is turned on; when the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed, the ultrasonic generator is turned off.

[0100] The PLC control system is used to control the interlocking opening of the first switching valve and the vacuum pump.

[0101] The first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the liquid discharge pump, and the first switching valve are interlocked.

[0102] When the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is opened, the first switching valve and the liquid discharge pump are closed, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the liquid discharge pipe is closed, and the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed.

[0103] When the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the liquid discharge pipe is opened, the liquid discharge pump is turned on, the first switching valve is closed, the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is closed, and the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed.

[0104] When the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is opened, the first switching valve and the liquid discharge pump are closed, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the liquid discharge pipe is closed, and the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is closed.

[0105] Another aspect of this embodiment provides an impregnation aging method for preparing an aerogel composite material, and the aerogel composite material is prepared through the impregnation aging system for preparing an aerogel composite material.

[0106] Open the openings of several flexible bags, place the matrix material into the flexible bags, and then close the openings of the flexible bags.

[0107] Connect several flexible bags to the first support frame through the suspension holes.

[0108] Connect the first channel port of the flexible bag near the opening to the first channel.

[0109] Connect the second channel port of the flexible bag far from the opening to the second channel.

[0110] Through the PLC control system, the first switching valve and the vacuum pump connected to the first channel are interlocked and opened. At this time, the liquid discharge pump is closed, the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is closed, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the liquid discharge pipe is closed, and the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed. When the negative pressure shown by the vacuum gauge on the first channel reaches the set value, the first switching valve and the vacuum pump are closed.

[0111] Through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is opened, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the first infusion pipeline is opened, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipeline is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third pipeline is closed; the sol solution in the sol solution storage tank connected to the first infusion pipeline is sucked into the flexible bag through the negative pressure in the flexible bag. When the liquid level sensor set in the flexible bag shows that the liquid level reaches the set value, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is closed;

[0112] Then, through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third channel is opened, and the ultrasonic generator is turned on. After the sol solution impregnated in the matrix material in the flexible bag is gelled, the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third channel is closed, and the ultrasonic generator is turned off;

[0113] Then, through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipeline is opened, and the drain pump is turned on to pump out the remaining sol solution in the flexible bag. Then, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipeline is closed, and the drain pump is turned off;

[0114] Through the PLC control system, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump connected to the first channel are interlocked and turned on; when the negative pressure shown by the vacuum gauge on the first channel reaches the set value, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump are closed;

[0115] Through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is opened, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second infusion pipeline is opened, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipeline is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third pipeline is closed; the aging solution in the aging solution storage tank connected to the second infusion pipeline is sucked into the flexible bag through the negative pressure in the flexible bag. When the liquid level sensor set in the flexible bag shows that the liquid level reaches the set value, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is closed;

[0116] After reaching the set aging time, through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipeline is opened, and the drain pump is turned on to pump out the remaining aging solution in the flexible bag. Then, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the drain pipeline is closed, and the drain pump is turned off;

[0117] Thus, the impregnation aging of the aerogel composite material is completed.

[0118] Embodiment 2

[0119] The features identical to those in the first embodiment will not be described again. The features different from those in the first embodiment are as follows: The impregnation and aging system for preparing the aerogel composite material provided in this embodiment further includes a first support frame and a second support frame. A plurality of the flexible bags are detachably connected to the first support frame through a plurality of suspension holes;

[0120] The first pipeline is arranged near the first support frame and connected to the first support frame;

[0121] The first pipeline is arranged near the second support frame and connected to the second support frame;

[0122] During the impregnation and aging processes, a plurality of the flexible bags are located between the first support frame and the second support frame;

[0123] The vacuum pump, the liquid discharge pump, and the ultrasonic generator are located below the second support frame;

[0124] The inner wall of the flexible bag is provided with a concave pattern, the pattern is circular, and the depth of the concave pattern is 0.3 mm.

[0125] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and the explanation of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the technical solution formed by mutually replacing the above features with the (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. An impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials, characterized in that: It includes several impregnation devices, ultrasonic devices, sol solution feeding devices, aging solution feeding devices, negative pressure devices, and PLC control systems; The impregnation device comprises a flexible bag body; a first channel opening and a second channel opening are arranged on the outer side of the flexible bag body; The negative pressure device is connected to the flexible bag body through a first pipe; The sol solution feeding device is connected to the flexible bag body through a second pipeline; The aging solution feeding device is connected to the flexible bag body through a second pipeline; The ultrasonic device is connected to the flexible bag body through a second pipe; The PLC control system is electrically connected to the ultrasonic device, the sol solution feeding device, the aging solution feeding device, and the negative pressure device through electric wires; The first channel opening is connected to the first channel, and the second channel opening is connected to the second channel.

2. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible bag body is made of polyethylene terephthalate or nylon; The flexible bag body comprises a bag body opening, and the bag body opening is provided with a locking mechanism; The first passage opening is located at a portion of the flexible bag body close to the bag body opening, and the second passage opening is located at a portion of the flexible bag body away from the bag body opening; and / or The flexible bag body is provided with a plurality of hanging holes.

3. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure device comprises an air pipeline and a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected to the first channel through the air pipeline; The first channel or gas pipeline is provided with a first switch valve.

4. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sol solution feeding device comprises a sol solution storage tank and a first infusion pipeline; The sol solution storage tank is connected to the first infusion pipeline directly or through the first infusion pump; The first infusion pipeline is connected to the second pipeline; and / or The aging solution feeding device comprises an aging solution storage tank and a second infusion pipeline; The aging solution storage tank is connected to the second infusion pipeline directly or through a second inlet pump; The second infusion pipeline is connected to the second pipeline.

5. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid discharge device, which is connected to the flexible bag body through a second pipe; The liquid discharge device is electrically connected to the PLC control system via electric wires; The drainage device comprises a drainage pump and a drainage pipeline, and the drainage pump is connected to the second channel through the drainage pipeline; The second channel is connected via a liquid delivery pipeline.

6. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ultrasonic device comprises an ultrasonic generator and a third channel, and the ultrasonic generator is connected to the second channel through the third channel.

7. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first infusion pipeline and the second infusion pipeline are connected to the second channel through a first three-way valve; A second three-way valve is provided in the second channel between the second channel opening and the first three-way valve; the second three-way valve is connected to the drainage pipe away from the opening of the second channel; A third three-way valve is provided in the second channel between the second channel port and the second three-way valve; The opening of the third three-way valve away from the third channel is connected to the third channel.

8. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flexible bag body is provided with a concave or convex pattern, the pattern is circular or polygonal, and the depth of the concave pattern or the thickness of the convex pattern is 0.1mm-0.5mm.

9. The impregnation aging system for preparing aerogel composite materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flexible bag body is provided with a liquid level sensor; the first channel is provided with a vacuum gauge; The liquid level sensor, the first switch valve, the vacuum pump, the liquid displacement pump, the ultrasonic generator, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the third three-way valve are electrically connected to the PLC control system; The third three-way valve and the ultrasonic generator are controlled by a PLC control system, and the ultrasonic generator is turned on when the opening connected to the third three-way valve and the third channel is opened, and the ultrasonic generator is turned off when the opening connected to the third three-way valve and the third channel is closed; The first switch valve and the vacuum pump are controlled to start in linkage through the PLC control system; The first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the liquid discharge pump, and the first switch valve are arranged in linkage; When the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is opened, the first switch valve and the liquid discharge pump are closed, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the liquid discharge pipe is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third channel is closed; When the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drainage pipe is opened, the drainage pump is turned on, the first switch valve is closed, the opening of the first three-way valve connected to the second channel is closed, and the opening of the third three-way valve connected to the third channel is closed; When the opening connecting the third three-way valve to the third channel is opened, the first switch valve and the drainage pump are closed, the opening connecting the second three-way valve to the drainage pipe is closed, and the opening connecting the first three-way valve to the second channel is closed.

10. An immersion aging method for preparing an aerogel composite material, characterized in that: The aerogel composite material is prepared by the impregnation aging system for preparing the aerogel composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Opening a plurality of flexible bag openings, placing the base material into the flexible bag and then closing the flexible bag openings; Connecting a plurality of flexible bag bodies to the first support frame through the hanging holes; Connecting a first channel opening of the flexible bag body near the opening to the first channel; Connecting a second passage opening of the flexible bag body away from the opening to the second passage; The first switch valve and the vacuum pump connected to the first channel are interlocked and opened through the PLC control system. At this time, the drainage pump is closed, the opening connected to the second channel by the first three-way valve is closed, the opening connected to the drainage pipe by the second three-way valve is closed, and the opening connected to the third channel by the third three-way valve is closed; when the negative pressure displayed by the vacuum gauge on the first channel reaches the set value, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump are closed; Through the PLC control system, the opening connecting the first three-way valve to the second channel is opened, the opening connecting the first three-way valve to the first infusion pipeline is opened, the opening connecting the second three-way valve to the discharge pipeline is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve to the third pipeline is closed; the sol solution in the sol solution storage tank connected to the first infusion pipeline is sucked into the flexible bag body through the negative pressure in the flexible bag body, and when the liquid level sensor provided in the flexible bag body shows that the liquid level reaches the set value, the opening connecting the first three-way valve to the second channel is closed; Then, the opening connected to the third three-way valve and the third channel is controlled to be opened and the ultrasonic generator is turned on by the PLC control system, and after the sol solution impregnated in the matrix material in the flexible bag body is gelled, the opening connected to the third three-way valve and the third channel is controlled to be closed and the ultrasonic generator is turned off; Then, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drainage pipe is opened and the drainage pump is turned on through the PLC control system to extract the remaining sol solution in the flexible bag body, and then the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drainage pipe is closed and the drainage pump is turned off; The first switch valve and the vacuum pump connected to the first channel are interlocked and opened through the PLC control system; when the negative pressure displayed by the vacuum gauge on the first channel reaches the set value, the first switch valve and the vacuum pump are closed; The opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is opened, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second infusion pipeline is opened, the opening connecting the second three-way valve and the discharge pipeline is closed, and the opening connecting the third three-way valve and the third pipeline is closed through the PLC control system; the aging solution in the aging solution storage tank connected to the second infusion pipeline is sucked into the flexible bag body through the negative pressure in the flexible bag body, and when the liquid level sensor provided in the flexible bag body shows that the liquid level reaches the set value, the opening connecting the first three-way valve and the second channel is closed; After the set aging time is reached, the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drainage pipe is opened and the drainage pump is turned on through the PLC control system to extract the remaining aging solution in the flexible bag body, and then the opening of the second three-way valve connected to the drainage pipe is closed and the drainage pump is turned off; Thereby completing the impregnation aging of the aerogel composite material.