Method and system for evaluating spatial form of rail transit station domain with sunlight adaptability as guidance

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail transit station domain spatial form evaluation method and system oriented to sunlight adaptability, and relates to the technical field of rail transit station domain spatial physical environment performance simulation, and the method comprises the steps: selecting sample stations in a specific research city, collecting open source map data, extracting entrances and exits of rail transit stations, and defining a rail transit station domain range; measuring points are selected in a station domain range; calculating the passenger flow intermediate property of a measuring point and sunlight basic indexes in different seasons by using a building volume three-dimensional model in the station domain; taking the sunshine basic indexes of all the measuring points as a data set, and calculating the weight of each basic index by using a CRITIC weight method to obtain a sunshine performance comprehensive index of the measuring points; and drawing a B-S distribution scatter diagram of the measuring points by taking the passenger flow intermediate index as a horizontal axis and the sunlight performance comprehensive index as a longitudinal axis, dividing according to regions to obtain three types of balance, overload and potential, and calculating the proportions of the three types of measuring points to obtain an evaluation result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of physical performance simulation of rail transit station areas, specifically a method and system for evaluating the spatial form of rail transit station areas guided by sunlight adaptability. Background Art

[0002] Under the refined requirements of urban design control, traditional planning methods are difficult to meet the public's demand for space quality. It is necessary to integrate the physical performance and form of urban space to form refined control means and provide a comfortable environment for compact cities. Most of the existing sunlight evaluation methods are based on single indicators such as sunlight duration, only setting the minimum requirements for sunlight quantity, without restricting the impact of excessive sunlight, and it is difficult to form a unified evaluation standard for different regions and different seasons' climate conditions.

[0003] On the other hand, in reality, a large number of rail transit stations do not fully consider the sunlight lighting problem, lacking quantitative evaluation and systematic design method guidance. The high-intensity development requirements in these areas also increase the difficulty level of optimizing the sunlight conditions in public spaces. At the same time, in the three-dimensional development mode, a large amount of underground space generated by the connection of underground stations is closed and depressing, which is not conducive to improving the space quality. It is urgent to introduce natural lighting through passive design to solve the lighting problem and achieve the optimal solution for the lighting of above-ground and underground spaces. This requires reasonable design guidelines and high requirements for architects and planners. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, on the one hand, the present invention introduces the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) as an auxiliary tool, calculates multiple sunlight-related indicators seasonally, and establishes a sunlight performance evaluation method applicable to different regional climate conditions; on the other hand, the present invention combines the sunlight evaluation index (S) with the intermediate index (B) of the passenger flow simulation in the rail transit station area to establish a B-S model to evaluate the spatial form of the station area. The relevant evaluation results can be used as a reference basis for urban design optimization and adjustment to optimize the allocation of sunlight resources and improve the space utilization efficiency. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the spatial form of rail transit station areas guided by sunlight adaptability, including:

[0005] Obtain the range of the rail transit station area to be evaluated, and select measurement points within the station area;

[0006] Calculate the passenger flow intermediate index B of the measurement points and the sunlight basic indexes in different seasons;

[0007] Taking the sunlight basic indexes of all measurement points as a data set, calculate the weights of each basic index to obtain the comprehensive sunlight performance index S of the measurement points;

[0008] Taking the passenger flow betweenness index B as the horizontal axis and the comprehensive sunshine performance index S as the vertical axis, plot the B-S distribution scatter diagram of the measurement points. Divide it into three types: balanced, overloaded, and potential according to the region, and calculate the proportion of the measurement points of the three types to obtain the evaluation result.

[0009] Preferably, the method for obtaining the range of the rail transit station area to be evaluated includes: taking the entrance and exit of the rail transit station as the starting point, and the area that can be reached within a street length of 400 meters as the range of the rail transit station area.

[0010] Preferably, the method for calculating the passenger flow betweenness index of the measurement point includes using urban network analysis software. The software settings are: taking the entrance and exit of the rail transit station as the starting point, the center point of the building projection as the end point, the building area as the end weight, and the detour coefficient as 1.2. The calculation result reflects the simulated value of the passenger flow traveling by rail transit within the station area.

[0011] Preferably, the sunshine basic index includes the proportion U of the duration when the Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI is in the comfortable range of 9°C ≤ UTCI < 26°C and the positive sunshine duration P. Each index is calculated for four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter.

[0012] Preferably, the calculation formula for the proportion U of the duration is:

[0013] ;

[0014] Wherein, is the cumulative duration when UTCI is in the comfortable range of 9°C ≤ UTCI < 26°C during the period from 8:00 to 17:00 every day within the calculation period, is the total duration from 8:00 to 17:00 every day within the calculation period;

[0015] The calculation formula for the positive sunshine duration P is:

[0016] ;

[0017] Wherein, is the sunshine duration within the range of 9 ≤ UTCI < 26°C, is the sunshine duration within the range of UTCI < 9°C, is the sunshine duration within the range of UTCI ≥ 26°C;

[0018] As an auxiliary judgment basis for the proportion U of the UTCI comfortable duration and the positive sunshine duration P during the calculation process, the calculation formula for UTCI is:

[0019] ;

[0020] Wherein: is the air temperature at 2 m, is the dew point temperature at 2 m, is the wind speed at 10 m, is the mean radiant temperature, is the deviation between the thermal physiological response index caused by actual meteorological conditions and the air temperature in the reference environment.

[0021] Preferably, calculate the weights of each basic index, and the comprehensive index of sunshine performance of the measurement point includes:

[0022] Normalize the original data:

[0023] ;

[0024] wherein, is the original value of the i-th sample on the j-th index;

[0025] Calculate the contrast intensity: The contrast intensity is represented by calculating the standard deviation of each index, and the calculation formula of the standard deviation is:

[0026] ;

[0027] wherein, is the average value of the j-th index;

[0028] Calculate the conflict: The conflict is represented by calculating the correlation coefficient between the indexes, and the calculation formula of the correlation coefficient is:

[0029] ;

[0030] wherein, is the correlation coefficient between index i and index j;

[0031] Calculate the information content: The information content is the product of the contrast intensity and the conflict, representing the importance of each index in the entire evaluation system. The calculation formula of the information content is:

[0032] ;

[0033] wherein, is the information content of the j-th index;

[0034] Calculate the objective weight: Normalize the information content to obtain the objective weight of each index. The calculation formula of the weight is:

[0035] ;

[0036] wherein, is the objective weight of the j-th index;

[0037] Let the indicators of the UTCI comfort ratio and the positive sunshine duration ratio be U and P respectively, which are divided into four indicators for spring, summer, autumn, and winter according to seasons. Let the corresponding weights of these indicators be and 、 、 and 、 、 、 ;

[0038] The calculation formula for the comprehensive sunshine performance S is:

[0039]

[0040] where is the proportion of UTCI comfortable duration in spring, is the proportion of UTCI comfortable duration in summer, is the proportion of UTCI comfortable duration in autumn, is the proportion of UTCI comfortable duration in winter, is the positive sunshine duration in spring, is the positive sunshine duration in summer, is the positive sunshine duration in autumn, is the positive sunshine duration in winter.

[0041] Preferably, it also includes performing dimension conversion on the passenger flow betweenness index B and the comprehensive sunshine performance index S before drawing the B-S scatter plot;

[0042] The conversion formula for the passenger flow betweenness index B is:

[0043] ;

[0044] where B is the passenger flow betweenness index before conversion, is the passenger flow betweenness index after conversion;

[0045] The conversion formula for the comprehensive sunshine performance index S is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] where S is the comprehensive sunshine performance index before conversion, is the minimum value of the comprehensive sunshine performance indexes of all measurement points, is the maximum value of the comprehensive sunshine performance indexes of all measurement points, is the comprehensive sunshine performance index after conversion.

[0048] Preferably, the method for obtaining three types of balance, overload, and potential according to regions is: dividing the balanced measurement points and the potential measurement points, as well as the balanced measurement points and the overload measurement points according to the curve equation;

[0049] The curve equation for dividing the balanced measurement points and potential measurement points is:

[0050] ;

[0051] The curve equation for dividing the balanced measurement points and overload measurement points is:

[0052] ;

[0053] Among them, the measurement points above the curve y 1 are potential measurement points, the measurement points below the curve y 2 are overload measurement points, and the measurement points between the curve y 1 and the curve y 2 are balanced measurement points.

[0054] The second aspect of the present invention provides a rail transit station area spatial form evaluation system guided by sunlight adaptability, including:

[0055] Measurement point selection module: used to obtain the range of the rail transit station area to be evaluated and select measurement points within the station area;

[0056] Passenger flow betweenness index B calculation module: used to calculate the passenger flow betweenness index of the measurement points;

[0057] Sunlight basic index calculation module: used to calculate the sunlight basic index of the measurement points;

[0058] Sunlight performance comprehensive index S calculation module: used to calculate the weights of each basic index with the sunlight basic indexes of all measurement points as the data set, and obtain the sunlight performance comprehensive index S of the measurement points;

[0059] Spatial form evaluation module: used to draw the B-S distribution scatter plot of the measurement points with the passenger flow betweenness index B as the horizontal axis and the sunlight performance comprehensive index S as the vertical axis, divide it into three types: balanced, overload, and potential according to the area, and calculate the proportion of the three types of measurement points to obtain the evaluation result.

[0060] The third aspect of the present invention provides a device, including:

[0061] One or more processors;

[0062] A memory for storing one or more programs;

[0063] When one or more of the said programs are executed by one or more of the said processors, the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned rail transit station area spatial form evaluation method guided by sunlight adaptability.

[0064] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0065] For high-density urban public spaces, the present invention proposes a sunlight adaptability evaluation method oriented towards the coupling of light and heat comfort. Different from traditional sunlight standards, it is more meticulous and user-friendly, meeting the usage requirements of public spaces in high-density urban areas. In addition, the strategies summarized through performance simulation verification provide a reference for the urban design optimization and control rule formulation of rail transit station areas. Without overemphasizing the decisive significance of physical performance in the scheme design, it enables the design to grasp the correct direction while maintaining the flexibility of the concept, avoiding the dilemma that local adjustments in the later stage cannot meet the performance requirements. The quantifiable evaluation indicators can also be transformed into control rules to meet the refined requirements of urban governance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0067] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow diagram of the evaluation method for the spatial form of the rail transit station area oriented towards sunlight adaptability according to the present invention;

[0068] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the case station area selected in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the method for selecting measurement points according to the present invention;

[0070] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the calculation result of the passenger flow betweenness index (B) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 5 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the proportion of comfortable UTCI duration in spring (U_spring) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 6 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the proportion of comfortable UTCI duration in summer (U_summer) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 7 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the proportion of comfortable UTCI duration in autumn (U_autumn) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 8 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the proportion of comfortable UTCI duration in winter (U_winter) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 9 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the positive sunlight duration in spring (P_spring) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 10 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the positive sunshine duration in summer (P_summer) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 11 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the positive sunshine duration in autumn (P_autumn) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 12 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the positive sunshine duration in winter (P_winter) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 13 It is a schematic plan view of the calculation result of the comprehensive index of sunshine performance (S) in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 14 It is a scatter plot of the B-S distribution of the measurement points in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 15 It is a bar chart of the proportion of the measurement point types in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 16 It is a plan view of the distribution of the measurement point types in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0083] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the spatial form of rail transit station areas oriented to sunshine adaptability, and the method includes the following steps:

[0085] Select sample stations in a specific research city, collect open-source map data, extract the entrances and exits of rail transit stations, define the scope of the rail transit station area, and select measurement points within the station area;

[0086] The rail transit station area refers to the area range that can be reached starting from the entrances and exits of the station and through a street length of 400 meters, and this range is equivalent to the 5-minute walking isochrone calculated at a speed of 80 meters per minute.

[0087] Utilize the three-dimensional model of the building volume within the station area to calculate the betweenness indicator of the measurement points and the basic sunshine indicators in different seasons;

[0088] The calculation of passenger flow betweenness must use the Urban Network Analysis (UNA) software, with the specific settings as follows: taking the entrance and exit of the rail transit station as the starting point, the center point of the building projection as the end point, the building area as the end weight, and the detour coefficient as 1.2. The calculation result reflects the simulated value of the passenger flow taking the rail transit within the station area.

[0089] The basic sunshine indicators include the proportion U of the duration when the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) is in the comfortable range (9°C ≤ UTCI < 26°C) and the positive sunshine duration P. Each indicator is calculated for the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn, and winter.

[0090] The calculation formula for the proportion U of the comfortable UTCI duration is as follows:

[0091] ;

[0092] Where, is the cumulative duration during which UTCI is within the comfortable range of 9 - 26°C from 8:00 to 17:00 every day within the calculation period, is the total duration from 8:00 to 17:00 every day within the calculation period.

[0093] The calculation formula for the positive sunshine duration P is as follows:

[0094] ;

[0095] Where: is the sunshine duration within the range of 9 ≤ UTCI < 26°C, is the sunshine duration within the range of UTCI < 9°C, is the sunshine duration within the range of UTCI ≥ 26°C.

[0096] As an auxiliary judgment basis for the proportion U of the comfortable UTCI duration and the positive sunshine duration P during the calculation process, the calculation formula of UTCI can be expressed as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] Where: is the air temperature at 2 m, is the dew point temperature at 2 m, is the wind speed at 10 m, is the mean radiant temperature, is the deviation between the thermophysiological response index caused by the actual meteorological conditions and the air temperature in the reference environment.

[0099] Taking the sunshine basic indicators of all measurement points as the data set, use the CRITIC weight method to calculate the weights of each basic indicator, and obtain the comprehensive sunshine performance indicator (Solar Performance Indicator) of the measurement points;

[0100] The calculation of the comprehensive index of sunshine performance requires calculating the weights of each basic index through the CRITIC weight assignment method. The CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) weight assignment method is an objective weight assignment method mainly used in multi-attribute decision-making analysis. The core idea of this method is to determine the objective weights of each index by the contrast intensity of the evaluation indexes and the conflict between the indexes. The contrast intensity refers to the size of the value gap of the same index in different evaluation schemes, usually represented in the form of standard deviation. The larger the standard deviation, the greater the numerical difference of the index and the greater its information content. The conflict between the indexes is measured by the correlation coefficient. The closer the correlation coefficient is to 1, the smaller the conflict between the two indexes. The CRITIC weight assignment method needs to go through the following calculation process:

[0101] Data preprocessing: First, it is necessary to perform dimensionless processing on the original data to eliminate the differences in the dimensions of different indexes. Common dimensionless methods include forwardization and reverseization processing. For positive indexes, that is, the case where the larger the index value, the better, the following formula can be used for forwardization processing:

[0102] ;

[0103] where is the original value of the i-th sample on the j-th index.

[0104] Calculating the contrast intensity: The contrast intensity is represented by calculating the standard deviation of each index. The larger the standard deviation, the greater the numerical difference of the index and the greater its information content. The calculation formula for the standard deviation is:

[0105] ;

[0106] where is the average value of the j-th index.

[0107] Calculating the conflict: The conflict is represented by calculating the correlation coefficient between the indexes. The closer the correlation coefficient is to 1, the smaller the conflict between the two indexes. The calculation formula for the correlation coefficient is:

[0108] ;

[0109] where is the correlation coefficient between index i and index j.

[0110] Calculating the information content: The information content is the product of the contrast intensity and the conflict, indicating the importance of each index in the entire evaluation system. The calculation formula for the information content is:

[0111] ;

[0112] Among them, is the amount of information of the j-th index.

[0113] Calculate the objective weights: Finally, normalize the amount of information to obtain the objective weights of each index. The formula for calculating the weights is:

[0114] ;

[0115] Among them, is the objective weight of the j-th index.

[0116] Let the indicators of the UTCI comfort ratio and the positive sunshine duration ratio be U and P respectively. They are divided into four indicators of spring, summer, autumn, and winter by season, namely. Let the weights corresponding to these indicators be , , , and , , , .

[0117] The formula for calculating the comprehensive sunshine performance S is:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, is the proportion of the UTCI comfort duration in spring, is the proportion of the UTCI comfort duration in summer, is the proportion of the UTCI comfort duration in autumn, is the proportion of the UTCI comfort duration in winter, is the positive sunshine duration in spring, is the positive sunshine duration in summer, is the positive sunshine duration in autumn, is the positive sunshine duration in winter, , , , , , , , correspond to the weights obtained by calculating these indicators through the CRITIC method respectively.

[0120] Taking the passenger flow betweenness index as the horizontal axis and the comprehensive sunshine performance index as the vertical axis, a B-S distribution scatter plot of the measurement points is drawn. It is divided into three types: balanced, overloaded, and potential according to the region. The proportion of the measurement points of the three types is calculated to obtain the evaluation result. This method is called the B-S model (Betweenness – Solar Performance Model).

[0121] Before drawing the B-S scatter plot, it is necessary to perform dimensionality conversion on the passenger flow betweenness index B and the comprehensive sunshine performance index S.

[0122] The conversion formula for the passenger flow betweenness index B is as follows:

[0123] ;

[0124] where B is the passenger flow betweenness index before conversion, is the passenger flow betweenness index after conversion.

[0125] The conversion formula for the comprehensive sunshine performance index S is as follows:

[0126] ;

[0127] where S is the comprehensive sunshine performance index before conversion, is the minimum value of the comprehensive sunshine performance index of all measurement points, is the maximum value of the comprehensive sunshine performance index of all measurement points, is the comprehensive sunshine performance index after conversion.

[0128] The B-S model divides the scatter plot into three regions: balanced, potential, and overloaded. The measurement points in the overloaded region face the problems of excessive passenger flow and poor sunshine environment. The measurement points in the potential region have a good sunshine environment but sparse passenger flow. The measurement points in the balanced region achieve a good balance between the passenger flow and the environmental quality, maximizing the utilization efficiency of sunshine resources.

[0129] The curve equation for dividing the balanced measurement points and the potential measurement points is:

[0130] ;

[0131] The curve equation for dividing the balanced measurement points and the overloaded measurement points is:

[0132] ;

[0133] As Figure 14 shown, the measurement points above the curve y 1 are potential measurement points, the measurement points below the curve y 2 are overloaded measurement points, and the measurement points between the curve y 1 and the curve y 2The measuring points between them are balance measuring points.

[0134] On the other hand, as Figure 7 shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a rail transit station area spatial form evaluation system guided by sunshine adaptability, including:

[0135] Measuring point selection module: used to collect open source map data, generate a three-dimensional model, extract the entrances and exits of rail transit stations, define the scope of the rail transit station area and select measuring points;

[0136] Passenger flow betweenness index B calculation module: used to calculate the passenger flow betweenness index of the measuring points;

[0137] Sunshine basic index calculation module: used to calculate the sunshine basic index of the measuring points;

[0138] Sunshine performance comprehensive index S calculation module: used to take the sunshine basic indexes of all measuring points as a data set, calculate the weights of each basic index, and obtain the sunshine performance comprehensive index S of the measuring points;

[0139] Spatial form evaluation module: used to take the passenger flow betweenness index B as the horizontal axis and the sunshine performance comprehensive index S as the vertical axis, draw the B-S distribution scatter plot of the measuring points, divide them into three types: balance, overload and potential according to the area, and calculate the proportion of the measuring points of the three types to obtain the evaluation result.

[0140] Example: As Figures 2 - 16 shown, taking three rail transit stations in a certain city as an example, including Station A, Station B and Station C, they are divided into high-intensity station areas, medium-intensity station areas and low-intensity station areas according to the development intensity level within the station area, covering various plot types such as high-rise towers, dense multi-story building blocks and urban squares, parks, etc.

[0141] (1) Determine the scope of the station area research

[0142] Taking the three research stations as the center, download and collect the map data within a certain range around the stations in the open source data platform, and use Rhino to establish a road network and a three-dimensional model data set (see Appendix Figure 2 ). For reference, the walking speed of people is usually 80-100m / min. Based on the current road network and the entrances and exits of the rail transit stations, taking all the entrances and exits of each station as the starting points, calculate the walking accessible area of people within 5 minutes at a speed of 80m / min, and take this area as the scope of the research station area. Subsequently, select measuring points in the road network within the station area at a certain interval; the interval length can be determined according to the specific research needs. In this embodiment, 20m is used as the interval length (see Appendix Figure 3 ).

[0143] (2) Calculation of Patronage Betweenness

[0144] Using the map data downloaded from the open-source data platform, a three-dimensional model of the building volume within the station area is established using Rhino, and the passenger flow betweenness of the measurement points is calculated. (See Appendix Figure 4 );

[0145] Table 1: Partial calculation results of passenger flow betweenness:

[0146] (3) Calculation of basic indicators of sunlight performance

[0147] Using the three-dimensional model of the building volume within the station area, and based on the local meteorological data publicly available on the Internet, the prevailing wind directions and wind speeds in different seasons of the research city are collected, and the Eddy3D plug-in in Grasshopper is used to calculate the wind speed magnitudes at each measurement point in different seasons. Based on the wind speed data, the Ladybug plug-in also located in Grasshopper is used to calculate the UTCI index at each measurement point in different seasons, and the UTCI comfort ratio U and the positive sunshine duration P corresponding to different seasons are obtained. (See Appendix Figure 5 - Appendix Figure 12 )

[0148] Table 2: Partial calculation results of basic indicators of sunlight performance:

[0149]

[0150] (4) Calculation of comprehensive indicators of sunlight performance

[0151] The CRITIC weight method is used to calculate the weights of each basic indicator of sunlight performance, and each basic indicator of sunlight performance is multiplied by the corresponding weight to obtain the comprehensive indicator S of sunlight performance. (See Appendix Figure 13 )

[0152] Table 3: Weight distribution of basic indicators of sunlight performance

[0153]

[0154] Table 4: Comprehensive indicator S of sunlight performance

[0155]

[0156] (5) B-S model analysis

[0157] After the dimensional conversion of the passenger flow betweenness index B and the comprehensive sunlight performance index S, a scatter plot of the B-S distribution is drawn (see Appendix Figure 14 ), and the proportion of different types of measurement points is obtained by dividing the area (see Appendix Figure 15). The analysis of the proportion can compare the overall situation of the sunshine adaptability of different sites. Combining with the urban environmental characteristics around the measuring points, the reasons for the unbalanced measuring points can be analyzed, and morphological optimization or adjustment of space use can be carried out. (See Appendix Figure 16 )

[0158] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, which includes: one or more processors, and a memory for storing one or more computer programs; the program includes program instructions, and the processor is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or may also be other general-purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, and is used to implement one or more instructions, specifically used to load and execute one or more instructions in the computer storage medium to implement the above method.

[0159] It should be further noted that, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program executes the above method when run by a processor. The storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electrical, magnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present invention, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the program may be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0160] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0161] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present disclosure is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present disclosure. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present disclosure claimed.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the spatial morphology of rail transit stations based on sunlight adaptability, characterized in that: include: Obtain the scope of the rail transit station to be evaluated and select measurement points within the station scope; Calculate the passenger flow intermediate index B of the measuring point and the basic sunshine index in different seasons; Taking the sunshine basic index of all measuring points as the data set, the weight of each basic index is calculated to obtain the sunshine performance comprehensive index S of the measuring point; With the passenger flow intermediate index B as the horizontal axis and the sunlight performance comprehensive index S as the vertical axis, a BS distribution scatter plot of the measuring points is drawn. Three types of balance, overload and potential are obtained according to regional division. The proportion of the three types of measuring points is calculated to obtain the evaluation results.

2. The method for evaluating the spatial morphology of a rail transit station area based on sunlight adaptability according to claim 1 is characterized by: The method for obtaining the scope of the rail transit station to be evaluated includes: taking the entrance and exit of the rail transit station as the starting point, the area that can be reached through a street length of 400 meters is the scope of the rail transit station.

3. The method for evaluating the spatial form of a rail transit station based on sunlight adaptability according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for calculating the passenger flow intermediate index of the measuring point includes using urban network analysis software. The software is set as follows: the entrance and exit of the rail transit station is the starting point, the center point of the building projection is the end point, the building area is the end point weight, and the detour coefficient is 1.

2. The calculation result reflects the simulated value of the passenger flow taking the rail transit within the station area.

4. The method for evaluating the spatial form of a rail transit station based on sunlight adaptability according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The basic sunshine index includes the proportion of time U when the universal thermal climate index UTCI is in the comfortable range of 9℃≤UTCI<26℃ and the active sunshine duration P. Each index is calculated in four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

5. The method for evaluating the spatial form of a rail transit station based on sunlight adaptability according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the duration ratio U is: ； in, It is the cumulative time that UTCI is in the comfort zone of 9℃≤UTCI<26℃ from 8:00 to 17:00 every day during the calculation period. It is the total duration from 8:00 to 17:00 every day during the calculation period; The calculation formula for the active sunshine duration P is: ； in, is the sunshine duration within the range of 9≤UTCI<26℃, is the sunshine duration within the range of UTCI < 9℃, is the sunshine duration within the range of UTCI ≥ 26℃; As an auxiliary basis for the calculation of UTCI comfort duration ratio U and active sunshine duration P, the calculation formula of UTCI is: ； in: is the air temperature at 2 m, is the dew point temperature at 2 m, is the wind speed at 10 m, is the mean radiant temperature, It is the deviation between the thermal physiological response index caused by actual meteorological conditions and the temperature in the reference environment.

6. The method for evaluating the spatial morphology of a rail transit station area based on sunlight adaptability according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Calculate the weights of each basic index to obtain the comprehensive index of sunshine performance of the measuring point, including: Perform positive processing on the original data: ； in, is the original value of the i-th sample on the j-th index; Calculate the contrast strength: The contrast strength is expressed by calculating the standard deviation of each indicator. The calculation formula for the standard deviation is: ； in, is the average value of the jth indicator; Calculation of conflict: Conflict is expressed by calculating the correlation coefficient between indicators. The calculation formula of the correlation coefficient is: ； in, is the correlation coefficient between indicator i and indicator j; Calculate the amount of information: The amount of information is the product of contrast intensity and conflict, which indicates the importance of each indicator in the entire evaluation system. The calculation formula for the amount of information is: ； in, is the information content of the jth indicator; Calculate objective weight: Normalize the amount of information to obtain the objective weight of each indicator. The weight calculation formula is: ； in, is the objective weight of the jth indicator; Assume that the indicators of UTCI comfort ratio and active sunshine duration ratio are U and P respectively, which are divided into four indicators according to seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Assume that the corresponding weights of these indicators are , , , and , , , ; The calculation formula for the comprehensive sunshine performance S is: ； in, is the proportion of UTCI comfort time in spring, is the proportion of comfortable time in UTCI in summer, is the proportion of UTCI comfortable time in autumn, is the proportion of UTCI comfort time in winter, is the active sunshine duration in spring, is the length of active sunshine in summer, is the active sunshine duration in autumn, It is the active sunshine duration in winter.

7. The method for evaluating the spatial form of a rail transit station based on sunlight adaptability according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes converting the dimensions of the passenger flow intermediate index B and the sunshine comprehensive performance index S before drawing the BS scatter plot; The conversion formula of passenger flow intermediate index B is: ； Among them, B is the intermediate index of passenger flow before conversion, It is the intermediate index of the converted passenger flow; The conversion formula of the sunshine comprehensive performance index S is as follows: ； Among them, S is the comprehensive performance index of sunshine before conversion, It is the minimum value of the comprehensive sunshine performance index of all measuring points. It is the maximum value of the comprehensive sunshine performance index of all measuring points. It is the comprehensive performance index of sunlight after conversion.

8. The method for evaluating the spatial form of a rail transit station based on sunlight adaptability according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the three types of balance, overload and potential by area division is as follows: dividing the balance measuring points and potential measuring points, and the balance measuring points and overload measuring points according to the curve equation; The curve equation for dividing the equilibrium measuring points and the potential measuring points is: ； The curve equation for dividing the balance measuring point and the overload measuring point is: ； Among them, the measuring point located above the curve y1 is the potential measuring point, the measuring point located below the curve y2 is the overload measuring point, and the measuring point located between the curve y1 and the curve y2 is the balance measuring point.

9. The rail transit station spatial morphology evaluation system guided by sunlight adaptability is characterized by: include: Measuring point selection module: used to obtain the scope of the rail transit station to be evaluated and select measuring points within the station scope; Passenger flow intermediate index B calculation module: used to calculate the passenger flow intermediate index of the measuring point; Sunshine basic index calculation module: used to calculate the sunshine basic index of the measuring point; The sunshine performance comprehensive index S calculation module is used to calculate the weight of each basic index based on the sunshine basic index of all measuring points as a data set, and obtain the sunshine performance comprehensive index S of the measuring point; Spatial form evaluation module: It is used to draw a BS distribution scatter plot of the measuring points with the passenger flow intermediate index B as the horizontal axis and the sunlight performance comprehensive index S as the vertical axis. The three types of balanced, overloaded and potential are obtained by regional division, and the proportion of the three types of measuring points is calculated to obtain the evaluation results.

10. A device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; A memory for storing one or more programs; When one or more of the programs are executed by one or more of the processors, one or more of the processors implement the rail transit station spatial morphology evaluation method guided by sunlight adaptability as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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