Multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing method and system based on block chain

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing method and system based on a block chain, and the method comprises the steps: 1), a Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module calculates the carbon emission data generated by a product in each production link based on the activity information of a carbon source; 2) the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module generates an identifier for the carbon emission data, and performs standardized uplink operation on the carbon emission data, so that a block chain stores the carbon emission data; and 3) the client, the manufacturer and / or the suppliers at all levels query the carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital intelligent platform module. The system comprises a Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module, a supply chain interaction module and a block chain interaction module. According to the method, the transparency of supplier carbon emission data is improved, and the authenticity and reliability of carbon footprint traceability data are ensured. And the tracing of the supplier carbon footprint is more efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon footprint traceability, and specifically to a multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method and system based on blockchain. Background Art

[0002] The carbon footprint of a product refers to the measurement of the total greenhouse gas emissions directly or indirectly generated during the entire life cycle of the product, that is, from raw material acquisition, production, transportation, use to waste treatment. Conducting product carbon footprint accounting is of great significance for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of the industry, guiding green and low-carbon consumption, properly coping with trade barriers, and enhancing product competitiveness. At present, there are still problems in product carbon footprint accounting, such as difficult traceability of accounting data, high data privacy, and complex product supply chains leading to difficult traceability of product carbon footprint sources. These problems make it difficult to evaluate the standardization and scientificity of carbon footprint accounting and the unclear carbon reduction responsibilities.

[0003] Blockchain is a new type of distributed computing and storage paradigm that integrates a variety of existing technologies. It uses distributed formula algorithms to generate and update data, uses a peer-to-peer network for data transmission between nodes, combines cryptographic principles and technologies such as timestamps, and a distributed ledger ensures the immutability of stored data. It uses automated script code or smart contracts to implement upper-layer application logic. Its characteristics are decentralization, transparency, security, immutability, and anonymity. SparkChain Network is a blockchain identity infrastructure built using permissioned public blockchain technology. SparkChain has built-in identities and provides basic services such as identity registration and resolution, Spark identity, digital asset management, public data services, monitoring and supervision for people, enterprises, devices, digital objects, etc. SparkChain adopts a chain group structure of "main chain + sub-chains". The main chain is responsible for chain group management, supervision rules, public data, and value anchoring; the sub-chains are independently designed for different business scenarios to achieve data security isolation and high-performance operation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a carbon footprint traceability method combining blockchain. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain, including the following steps:

[0006] 1) Suppliers in each production link of the product register in the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0007] The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module authorizes information query rights for the registered suppliers and determines the hierarchical relationship of the suppliers through the production link time sequence;

[0008] 2) The suppliers collect carbon source activity information and transmit it to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module level by level;

[0009] 3) The Smartzeroing digital platform module calculates the carbon emission data generated in each production link of the product according to different product categories based on the carbon source activity information and in accordance with the national standard product carbon footprint calculation guidelines.

[0010] 4) The Smartzeroing digital platform module generates an identifier for the carbon emission data and performs a standardized on-chain operation on the carbon emission data, enabling the blockchain to store the carbon emission data.

[0011] 5) Customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels query the carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2), the steps of transmitting level by level to the Smartzeroing digital platform module are as follows: The (i + 1)-th level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information collected by itself and the carbon source activity information sent by the (i + 2)-th level supplier to the i-th level supplier.

[0013] The first-level supplier summarizes all the carbon source activity information and transmits it to the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 2), the carbon source activity information includes transportation information, product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, and supply chain information.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 3), after the Smartzeroing digital platform module calculates the carbon emission data, it sends the carbon emission data to a third-party verification agency for verification. If the verification fails, it checks whether there is an error in the collection of carbon source activity data and / or verifies whether there is an error in the calculation method of the Smartzeroing digital carbon platform, and modifies it according to the verification result and recalculates the carbon emission data; if the verification passes, the third-party verification agency sends a certificate to the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 4), the steps of performing a standardized on-chain operation on the carbon emission data include:

[0017] 4.1) Convert the carbon emission data into a blockchain-readable format and bind the sender's identity information through signature.

[0018] 4.2) Send the carbon emission data bound with the sender's identity information to the blockchain node.

[0019] 4.3) Perform intelligent contract processing on the carbon emission data, including contract logic processing and Merkle tree modification processing; the Merkle tree is used to locate the historical state of the contract and prevent tampering.

[0020] Further, in step 4.1), before binding the sender's identity information through signature, the carbon emission data is also hashed.

[0021] Further, in step 4), the types of the identifiers include one-dimensional codes, two-dimensional codes, and RFID.

[0022] Further, in step 5), the ways for customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels to query the carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module include the platform query method and the supplier feedback query method.

[0023] The platform query method means that customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels send query requests to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module.

[0024] When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives query requests from customers and / or manufacturers, it obtains the authorizations of each level of suppliers, and then transmits the carbon emission data to the smart terminals of customers and / or manufacturers.

[0025] When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives query requests from suppliers, it obtains the authorizations of all the upper-level suppliers of the supplier, and then transmits the carbon emission data to the supplier.

[0026] The supplier feedback query method means that the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module transmits the carbon emission data to each supplier level by level.

[0027] Based on the received carbon emission data, the supplier generates an identification carrier.

[0028] Customers and / or manufacturers query the carbon emission data by reading the identification carrier.

[0029] A system applying the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method includes a Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module, a supply chain interaction module, and a blockchain interaction module.

[0030] The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module obtains the supplier carbon source activity information from the supply chain interaction module, calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process, and generates an identifier through a blockchain contract, and transmits the signature, authentication information, and identifier to the blockchain.

[0031] The supply chain interaction module includes customers, manufacturers, and multi-level suppliers; where the (i + 1)-th level supplier is the lower-level supplier of the i-th level supplier.

[0032] Based on the permissions granted by the suppliers, the customers and manufacturers query the carbon emission data of the product through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module.

[0033] The said supplier queries the carbon emission data of the product through the Smartzeroing digital platform module;

[0034] The lower-level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information to the upper-level supplier;

[0035] The top-level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information to the Smartzeroing digital platform module;

[0036] The said blockchain interaction module stores the carbon emission information through the blockchain.

[0037] Furthermore, the said Smartzeroing digital platform module includes a business system and an application service system;

[0038] The business system obtains and manages the carbon source activity information of each supplier, and calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process;

[0039] The application service system generates an identifier through a blockchain contract, transmits the signature and authentication information to the blockchain, and stores the signature and authentication information on the blockchain.

[0040] The technical effect of the present invention is beyond doubt. The present invention improves the transparency of the supplier's carbon emission data, ensures the authenticity and reliability of the carbon footprint traceability data, and makes it more efficient to trace the supplier's carbon footprint. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 It is the overall structural framework diagram of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system based on blockchain of the present invention

[0042] Figure 2 It is the detailed framework diagram of each module of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system based on blockchain provided by the present invention

[0043] Figure 3 It is the digital dual-carbon platform developed based on the blockchain network of the present invention Detailed Embodiments

[0044] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments, but it should not be understood that the above-mentioned subject scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above-mentioned technical idea of the present invention, various substitutions and changes made according to the common general knowledge and customary means in the art should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Embodiment 1:

[0046] See Figures 1 to 3 , the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain includes the following steps:

[0047] 1) Suppliers in each production link of the product register on the Smartzeroing digital platform module;

[0048] The Smartzeroing digital platform module authorizes information query rights for registered suppliers and determines the hierarchical relationship of suppliers through the production link time sequence;

[0049] 2) Suppliers collect carbon source activity information and transmit it level by level to the Smartzeroing digital platform module;

[0050] 3) Based on the carbon source activity information, the Smartzeroing digital platform module calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each production link according to the national standard product carbon footprint calculation criteria for different product categories;

[0051] 4) The Smartzeroing digital platform module generates an identifier for the carbon emission data and performs a standardized blockchain operation on the carbon emission data so that the blockchain stores the carbon emission data;

[0052] 5) Customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels query the carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0053] In step 2), the step of transmitting level by level to the Smartzeroing digital platform module is: the (i + 1)-th level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information collected by itself and the carbon source activity information sent by the (i + 2)-th level supplier to the i-th level supplier;

[0054] The first-level supplier summarizes all the carbon source activity information and transmits it to the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0055] In step 2), the carbon source activity information includes transportation information, product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, and supply chain information.

[0056] In step 3), after the Smartzeroing digital platform module calculates the carbon emission data, it sends the carbon emission data to a third-party verification agency for verification. If the verification fails, it checks whether there is an error in the collection of carbon source activity data and / or verifies whether there is an error in the calculation method of the Smartzeroing dual-carbon platform, and modifies it according to the verification result and recalculates the carbon emission data; if the verification passes, the third-party verification agency sends a certificate to the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0057] In step 4), the steps of performing a standardized blockchain operation on the carbon emission data include:

[0058] 4.1) Convert the carbon emission data into a blockchain-readable format and bind the sender's identity information through signature;

[0059] 4.2) Send the carbon emission data with the sender's identity information bound to the blockchain node;

[0060] 4.3) Perform smart contract processing on the carbon emission data, including contract logic processing and Merkle tree modification processing; the Merkle tree is used to locate the historical state of the contract and prevent tampering

[0061] In step 4.1), before binding the sender's identity information through signature, the carbon emission data is also hashed.

[0062] In step 4), the types of the identifiers include one-dimensional codes, two-dimensional codes, and RFID;

[0063] In step 5), the ways for customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels to query the carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module include the platform query method and the supplier feedback query method;

[0064] The platform query method means that customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels send query requests to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0065] When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives query requests from customers and / or manufacturers, it obtains the authorization of each level of suppliers and then transmits the carbon emission data to the smart terminals of customers and / or manufacturers;

[0066] When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives query requests from suppliers, it obtains the authorization of all the upper-level suppliers of the supplier and then transmits the carbon emission data to the supplier;

[0067] The supplier feedback query method means that the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module transmits the carbon emission data to each supplier level by level;

[0068] Based on the received carbon emission data, the supplier generates an identifier carrier;

[0069] Customers and / or manufacturers query the carbon emission data by reading the identifier carrier.

[0070] Embodiment 2:

[0071] A system applying the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method includes a Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module, a supply chain interaction module, and a blockchain interaction module;

[0072] The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module obtains the supplier carbon source activity information from the supply chain interaction module, calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process, generates an identifier through a blockchain contract, and transmits the signature, authentication information, and identifier to the blockchain;

[0073] The supply chain interaction module includes customers, manufacturers, and multiple levels of suppliers; among them, the (i + 1)-th level supplier is the lower-level supplier of the i-th level supplier;

[0074] Based on the permissions granted by the supplier, the customers and manufacturers query the carbon emission data of the product through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0075] The supplier queries the carbon emission data of the product through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0076] The lower-level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information to the upper-level supplier;

[0077] The top-level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0078] The blockchain interaction module stores the carbon emission information through the blockchain.

[0079] The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module includes a business system and an application service system;

[0080] The business system obtains and manages the carbon source activity information of each supplier, and calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process;

[0081] The application service system generates an identifier through a blockchain contract, and transmits the signature and authentication information to the blockchain, so that the signature and authentication information are stored on the blockchain.

[0082] Example 3:

[0083] A multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain includes the following steps:

[0084] 1) The suppliers in each production link of the product register in the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0085] The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module authorizes the information query permission for the registered suppliers, and determines the hierarchical relationship of the suppliers through the production link time sequence;

[0086] 2) The suppliers collect carbon source activity information and transmit it to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module level by level;

[0087] 3) The Smartzeroing digital platform module calculates the carbon emission data generated in each production link of the product according to different product categories based on the carbon source activity information in accordance with the national standard product carbon footprint calculation criteria;

[0088] 4) The Smartzeroing digital platform module generates an identifier for the carbon emission data and performs a standardized chain - up operation on the carbon emission data, enabling the blockchain to store the carbon emission data;

[0089] 5) Customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels query the carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0090] Example 4:

[0091] A multi - level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain, with the technical content the same as in Example 3. Further, in step 2), the step of transmitting level by level to the Smartzeroing digital platform module is: the (i + 1)-th level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information collected by itself and the carbon source activity information sent by the (i + 2)-th level supplier to the i - th level supplier;

[0092] The first - level supplier summarizes all the carbon source activity information and transmits it to the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0093] Example 5:

[0094] A multi - level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain, with the technical content the same as in any one of Examples 3 - 4. Further, in step 2), the carbon source activity information includes transportation information, product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, and supply chain information.

[0095] Example 6:

[0096] A multi - level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain, with the technical content the same as in any one of Examples 3 - 5. Further, in step 3), after the Smartzeroing digital platform module calculates the carbon emission data, it sends the carbon emission data to a third - party verification agency for verification. If the verification fails, it checks whether there is an error in the collection of carbon source activity data and / or verifies whether there is an error in the calculation method of the Smartzeroing dual - carbon platform, and modifies according to the verification result and recalculates the carbon emission data; if the verification passes, the third - party verification agency sends a certificate to the Smartzeroing digital platform module.

[0097] Example 7:

[0098] A multi - level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain, with the technical content the same as in any one of Examples 3 - 6. Further, in step 4), the steps of performing a standardized chain - up operation on the carbon emission data include:

[0099] 4.1) Convert the carbon emission data into a blockchain-readable format and bind the sender's identity information through signature;

[0100] 4.2) Send the carbon emission data bound with the sender's identity information to the blockchain node;

[0101] 4.3) Perform smart contract processing on the carbon emission data, including contract logic processing and Merkle tree modification processing; the Merkle tree is used to locate the historical state of the contract and prevent tampering

[0102] Example 8:

[0103] A multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing method based on blockchain, with the technical content being the same as any one of Examples 3-7. Further, in step 4.1), before binding the sender's identity information through signature, the carbon emission data is also subjected to hash processing.

[0104] Example 9:

[0105] A multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing method based on blockchain, with the technical content being the same as any one of Examples 3-8. Further, in step 4), the types of the identifiers include one-dimensional codes, two-dimensional codes, and RFID;

[0106] Example 10:

[0107] A multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing method based on blockchain, with the technical content being the same as any one of Examples 3-9. Further, in step 5), the ways for customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels to query the carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module include the platform query method and the supplier feedback query method;

[0108] The platform query method means that customers, manufacturers, and / or suppliers at all levels send query requests to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0109] When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives query requests from customers and / or manufacturers, it obtains the authorization of each level of supplier, and then transmits the carbon emission data to the smart terminals of customers and / or manufacturers;

[0110] When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives query requests from suppliers, it obtains the authorization of all the upper-level suppliers of the supplier, and then transmits the carbon emission data to the supplier;

[0111] The supplier feedback query method means that the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module transmits the carbon emission data to each supplier level by level;

[0112] The supplier generates an identification carrier based on the received carbon emission data;

[0113] The customer and / or the manufacturer query the carbon emission data by reading the identification carrier.

[0114] Embodiment 11:

[0115] A system applying the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method described in any one of Embodiments 1-10 includes a Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module, a supply chain interaction module, and a blockchain interaction module;

[0116] The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module obtains the supplier carbon source activity information from the supply chain interaction module, calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process, and generates an identification through a blockchain contract, and transmits the signature, authentication information, and identification to the blockchain;

[0117] The supply chain interaction module includes customers, manufacturers, and multi-level suppliers; among them, the (i + 1)-th level supplier is the lower-level supplier of the i-th level supplier;

[0118] Based on the permissions granted by the supplier, the customers and the manufacturers query the carbon emission data of the product through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0119] The supplier queries the carbon emission data of the product through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0120] The lower-level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information to the upper-level supplier;

[0121] The top-level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module;

[0122] The blockchain interaction module stores the carbon emission information through the blockchain.

[0123] Embodiment 12:

[0124] A system applying the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method described in any one of Embodiments 1-10 has the same technical content as Embodiment 11. Further, the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module includes a business system and an application service system;

[0125] The business system obtains and manages the carbon source activity information of each supplier, and calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process;

[0126] The application service system generates an identification through a blockchain contract, and transmits the signature and authentication information to the blockchain, so that the signature and authentication information are stored on the blockchain.

[0127] Example 13:

[0128] A multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system based on blockchain, including a Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module, a supply chain interaction module, a blockchain interaction module, and a blockchain interaction module. Among them,

[0129] The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module is composed of a business system and an application service system. The business system is developed based on a blockchain network (such as: Spark Chain Network) and is mainly used to obtain and manage carbon source activity information, mainly including transportation information, product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, and supply chain information. The application service system is used to embed product carbon emission data into the identification and query and supervise the carbon emission information of all products in the supply chain; the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives the carbon source activity information provided by suppliers in the supply chain, then calculates the carbon emission data generated in each process of the product according to relevant methods, generates an identification through a blockchain contract for the carbon emission data, and saves its information, signature, and authenticable information to a verifiable document and stores it on the blockchain. Subsequently, the multi-level supplier product carbon footprint information is traced and queried through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform.

[0130] The supply chain interaction module is composed of multi-level suppliers such as customers, manufacturers, first-level suppliers, and second-level suppliers. This module is mainly for the interaction of carbon emission data between various suppliers, as well as the interaction between suppliers and the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform. Each level of supplier summarizes and sends the carbon source emission information of the products produced to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform according to the data collection guidelines of the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform. The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform calculates the carbon emission information under the supervision of a third-party verification agency and generates an identification through the blockchain, and feeds back the carbon emission information and the generated identification to the supplier. The lower-level supplier transports the transportation information and the product carbon emission identification to the upper level, and so on.

[0131] Blockchain interaction module. Blockchain is a new type of distributed computing and storage paradigm that integrates multiple existing technologies. It uses distributed formula algorithms to generate and update data, uses peer-to-peer networks for data transmission between nodes, combines cryptographic principles and technologies such as timestamps, and uses distributed ledgers to ensure the immutability of stored data. It uses automated script code or smart contracts to implement upper-layer application logic. Identification and resolution is one of the core infrastructures for the secure operation of the industrial Internet: through "unified coding" and "public resolution", unique "identifications" are assigned to physical resources such as machines and products, and virtual resources such as algorithms and processes, and rapid positioning and information query are achieved, realizing the integrated sharing of information resources across enterprises, industries, and regions.

[0132] Embodiment 14:

[0133] A multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain, the method comprising the following steps:

[0134] S1. The Smartzeroing digital carbon platform establishes sub-chains and main chains for each link of multi-level suppliers;

[0135] S2. Suppliers at all levels in the supply chain link register at the client node, and the digital carbon platform grants permissions to upload and query the corresponding sub-chain of the traceability link respectively;

[0136] S3. After the digital carbon platform gives the supplier data collection guidance rules through the platform, the supplier collects carbon source activity data according to the standard rules, and feeds back other information such as raw material transportation information, product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, and supplier information to the digital carbon platform;

[0137] S4. The digital carbon platform uses standard calculation methods and tools, as well as product life cycle recording and query tools, to calculate and verify standard product carbon emission information;

[0138] S5. The digital carbon platform sends the carbon emission data of each level of suppliers to a third-party verification agency for review. The third-party verification agency reviews the product carbon emission information calculated by the digital carbon platform. If the information is accurate, the third-party verification agency will send the certified information and verifiable vouchers back to the digital carbon platform; if the carbon emission information is incorrect, the digital carbon platform recalculates the product carbon emission information and then sends it to the third-party verification agency for verification again;

[0139] S6. The digital carbon platform retains the feedback from the third-party verification agency and proceeds to the next step of standardizing and uploading the calculated carbon emission information to the blockchain;

[0140] S7. The process of carbon emission data on the blockchain is mainly divided into four stages: pre-upload processing stage, on-chain processing stage, smart contract processing stage, and embedded identification stage;

[0141] S8. Pre - chain processing stage: The processing of carbon emission information before uploading mainly converts the carbon emission information data into a blockchain - readable format through tools. At the same time, the identity and information of the sender are bound through signature. Finally, the processed carbon emission information is sent to the blockchain node. The pre - chain processing of carbon emission information requires processing the carbon emission information and signing the information. First, the carbon emission information and the information of the calling function are placed in the relevant parts of the transaction structure. Encryption algorithms are added. Generally, the transaction structure includes information such as the called contract, timestamp, random number, and the carbon emission data added to the calling function. Then, after the carbon emission information before signing is processed, the information is hashed. Hash is a string of values bound to the data. Tampering with the information will cause the hash value to change. Therefore, the data uploaded to the chain has anti - tampering properties. Next, the hash value of the carbon emission information is signed. Signing is a method of symmetric encryption. It can confirm that the sender holds the corresponding private key through the public key and the signature information without revealing the sender's own private key. At the same time, when signing the hash value of the carbon emission data, the identity and information of the sender should also be bound, which can further prevent competitors from impersonating the sender;

[0142] S9. On - chain processing stage: After the processed carbon emission information is sent to the blockchain node, a blockchain transaction is formed and enters the on - chain processing stage. The on - chain processing can be divided into broadcast transaction and block consensus process. Broadcast transaction: After receiving the transaction, each node broadcasts the received transaction to other nodes first to form a unified transaction pool to prepare for reaching a consensus. The purpose of block consensus is to generate the same block in a certain agreed way to ensure data consistency as much as possible;

[0143] S10. Smart contract processing stage: Smart contract processing includes contract logic processing and the Merkle tree for modifying the state. Contract logic processing: In many cases, the carbon emission data uploaded to the chain needs to be processed further in terms of the next - step logic. After the smart contract processing is completed, the state Merkle tree is modified. The Merkle tree is a binary - tree structure. Different leaves are connected to the root through the Merkle tree, which can play a role in anti - tampering and indexing. Through the indexing of the Merkle tree, the historical state of the contract can be quickly located. The execution result at that time can be obtained by querying the contract data at the block height of a certain business execution. For the carbon footprint emission information of products from different suppliers, corresponding on - chain operations are carried out by calling smart contracts;

[0144] S11. Embedding Identification Phase: The carbon emission data calculated by the platform based on the carbon source emission information provided by the supplier is encoded through the platform's identification management system. The carrier of the carbon emission data can be selected by the supplier, mainly including one-dimensional codes, two-dimensional codes, and radio frequency identification (RFID), etc. The query terminals are smartphones, tablets, RFID readers, and mobile terminals with NFC. Customers can log in to the Smart zeroing digital intelligence platform by scanning the identification carrier provided by the supplier to view a series of carbon emission information of the product from raw materials to sales. In this phase, the supplier needs to grant data query permissions;

[0145] S12. The digital intelligence dual-carbon platform feeds back the data with embedded identification to the supplier. The supplier can also query the carbon footprint of this product through the label feedback by the digital intelligence dual-carbon platform.

[0146] Example 15:

[0147] A multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain includes the following content:

[0148] Figure 1 This is the overall structural framework diagram of a multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown. Figures 1 - 2 A multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability method based on blockchain, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0149] Taking a certain product as an example, from raw materials to finished products, it needs to go through secondary suppliers A, B, C, primary suppliers D, E, and the manufacturer and finally reach the customer's hands, as Figure 2 shown.

[0150] Step 1: Secondary suppliers A, B, and C register on the client side of the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform, and the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform respectively grants the permissions to upload and query on the corresponding sub-chain of the traceability link. Secondary suppliers A, B, and C fill in other information such as company information, product information, and raw material information on the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform according to the data filling instructions.

[0151] Step 2: The Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform will feedback the data collection guidance rules corresponding to different products to secondary suppliers A, B, and C according to the product categories. The secondary suppliers collect the product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, supplier information, and transportation information according to the data collection guidance rules feedback by the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual-carbon platform, and feedback the information they collect on the platform.

[0152] Step 3: The Smartzeroing Digital Carbon Platform conducts carbon emission accounting for the product data feedback by secondary suppliers according to the internal calculation methods and tools of the platform, as well as the product life cycle inventory records and queries. The Smartzeroing Digital Carbon Platform checks the carbon emission data of secondary suppliers and sends it to a third-party agency for verification. After verification by the third-party agency, if the results are true, the carbon emission data and certification vouchers will be fed back to the Smartzeroing Digital Carbon Platform.

[0153] Step 4: The Smartzeroing Digital Carbon Platform stores the data and certification vouchers after third-party certification on the blockchain. The Digital Carbon Platform embeds the carbon emission data of each supplier's products into the identification according to the requirements of each secondary supplier. The Smartzeroing Digital Carbon Platform then feeds back the identification with the embedded carbon emission data to each secondary supplier and retains it in the system.

[0154] Step 5: The secondary supplier transports the product carbon emission data and products with embedded identification to the primary supplier and logs in to the Smartzeroing Digital Carbon Platform to open the corresponding supplier's permissions, enabling the primary supplier to log in and query on the platform.

[0155] Step 6: The primary supplier registers on the platform, fills in the information, and collects carbon source activity data according to the data collection guidelines provided by the platform. After collection, the primary supplier feeds back the product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, supplier information, and transportation information on the platform.

[0156] Step 7: After receiving the data, the platform uses the platform's accounting tools to conduct carbon emission accounting for the carbon source activity information provided by the primary supplier. The platform integrates the carbon emission data of the primary supplier and the carbon emission data of the secondary supplier.

[0157] Step 8: The platform sends the integrated carbon emission data of the primary supplier and the secondary supplier to a third-party verification agency for verification. After verification by the third-party agency, the verification report is fed back to the platform. The platform processes the data fed back by the third-party verification agency on the blockchain according to the method selected by the primary supplier.

[0158] Step 9: The platform embeds the data to be uploaded to the blockchain into the identification according to the method selected by the primary supplier and feeds back the identification to the primary supplier. After receiving the identification, the primary supplier sends the product and the identification to the manufacturer and opens the permissions for the manufacturer to view on the system platform.

[0159] Step 10: The manufacturer registers on the platform, fills in a series of information, and views the carbon emission data of the products produced by the first-tier suppliers through the platform. The manufacturer collects the carbon emission data of the products produced according to the data collection guidelines provided by the platform and sends the collected carbon emission data to the platform.

[0160] Step 11: The platform calculates the carbon source activity information provided by the manufacturer, sends it to the third-party verification agency after calculation. The third-party verification agency verifies the reliability of the data provided by the platform and feeds back the verification report to the platform after verification.

[0161] Step 12: The platform performs blockchain uploading processing on the manufacturer's carbon emission data and the verification report. The platform performs embedded identification processing on the uploaded manufacturer's carbon emission data according to the supplier's selection. The platform feeds back the data with embedded identification and the verifiable credentials to the manufacturer.

[0162] Step 13: The manufacturer transports the products with embedded identification of carbon emission data and the products to the customers.

[0163] Step 14: The customer registers on the platform client and sends a verification request to the platform. The platform verifies the customer's identity through the information filled in by the customer. After verifying the customer's identity, the platform integrates the carbon emission data at each stage of the second-tier supplier, the first-tier supplier, and the manufacturer and opens the viewing permission for the customer.

Claims

1. A multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing method based on blockchain, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Suppliers of all product production links register on the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module. The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module authorizes registered suppliers to query information and determines the hierarchical relationship of suppliers through the timing of production links; 2) Suppliers collect carbon source activity information and transmit it step by step to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module; 3) The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module calculates the carbon emission data generated by products in each production link based on carbon source activity information and in accordance with the national standard product carbon footprint calculation criteria according to different product categories; 4) The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module generates an identifier for carbon emission data and performs standardized on-chain operations on carbon emission data, allowing the blockchain to store carbon emission data; 5) Customers, manufacturers and / or suppliers at all levels query carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module.

2. The method of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2), the steps of transmitting to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module step by step are: the i+1-level supplier transmits the carbon source activity information collected by itself and the carbon source activity information sent by the i+2-level supplier to the i-level supplier; Tier 1 suppliers aggregate all carbon source activity information and transmit it to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module.

3. The method of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2), the carbon source activity information includes transportation information, product type, manufacturing process data, customer information, and supply chain information.

4. The method of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3), after the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module calculates the carbon emission data, it sends the carbon emission data to a third-party verification agency for verification. If the verification fails, it checks whether there are errors in the collection of carbon source activity data and / or verifies whether there are errors in the calculation method of the Smartzeroing digital intelligence dual carbon platform. Modify it according to the verification results and recalculate the carbon emission data; If the verification is successful, the third-party verification agency will send the certificate to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module.

5. The method of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4), the steps of standardizing carbon emission data on the chain include: 4.1) Convert carbon emission data into a blockchain-readable format and bind the sender’s identity information through a signature; 4.2) Send the carbon emission data bound to the sender’s identity information to the blockchain node; 4.3) Perform smart contract processing on carbon emission data, including contract logic processing and Merkle tree modification processing; the Merkle tree is used to locate the historical status of the contract and prevent tampering.

6. The method of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step 4.1), the carbon emission data is also hashed before binding the sender's identity information through the signature.

7. The method of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4), the types of the identification include one-dimensional code, two-dimensional code, and RFID;.

8. The method of the multi-level supplier carbon footprint traceability system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5), the methods for customers, manufacturers and / or suppliers at all levels to query carbon emission data through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module include platform query method and supplier feedback query method; The platform query method refers to: customers, manufacturers and / or suppliers at all levels sending query requests to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module; When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives a query request from a customer and / or manufacturer, it obtains authorization from each level of supplier and then transmits the carbon emission data to the customer and / or manufacturer’s smart terminal; When the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module receives a query request from a supplier, it obtains authorization from all upstream suppliers of the supplier and then transmits the carbon emission data to the supplier; The supplier feedback query method refers to: the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module transmits carbon emission data to each supplier step by step; The supplier generates an identification carrier based on the received carbon emission data; Customers and / or manufacturers query carbon emission data by reading the identification carrier.

9. A system using the multi-level supplier carbon footprint tracing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Including Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module, supply chain interaction module and blockchain interaction module; The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module obtains the supplier carbon source activity information from the supply chain interaction module, calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process, generates an identifier through a blockchain contract, and transmits the signature, authentication information, and identifier to the blockchain; The supply chain interaction module includes customers, manufacturers, and multi-level suppliers; wherein the i+1-th level supplier is a lower-level supplier of the i-th level supplier; The customers and manufacturers can query the carbon emission data of the products through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module based on the authority granted by the supplier; The supplier queries the carbon emission data of the product through the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module; Sub-suppliers transmit carbon source activity information to upper-level suppliers; The highest-level supplier transmits carbon source activity information to the Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module; The blockchain interaction module stores carbon emission information via blockchain.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The Smartzeroing digital intelligence platform module includes a business system and an application service system; The business system acquires and manages the carbon source activity information of each supplier and calculates the carbon emission data generated by the product in each process; The application service system generates an identifier through a blockchain contract, transmits the signature and authentication information to the blockchain, and stores the signature and authentication information on the blockchain.

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