Vacuum circuit breaker disconnection method for new energy applications

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy occasions, specifically relating to the technical field of disconnecting control of power equipment, and is used to solve the problems of local ablation and disconnecting life attenuation caused by the uneven distribution of arc energy on the contact surface in the existing high-frequency harmonic environment; by extracting the dominant frequency component of the high-frequency harmonics in real time, the arc energy concentration area distribution is generated in combination with the contact material characteristics; the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation is dynamically evaluated based on grain structure degradation, and the disconnecting speed curve and energy diffusion rate are adaptively matched; the migration path of the anode spots is identified through dynamic impedance gradient monitoring, and the magnetic field distribution of the arc extinguishing chamber is synchronously adjusted to achieve targeted suppression; after disconnection, a clean arc cladding repair that matches the damage path is triggered, which significantly improves the disconnecting stability and contact anti-ablation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker under high-frequency harmonic impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of disconnection control of electric power equipment, and more particularly to a disconnection method of a vacuum circuit breaker used in new energy applications. Background Art

[0002] The widespread application of new energy grid-connected systems has caused the high-frequency harmonics generated by power electronic equipment (such as photovoltaic inverters and energy storage converters) during operation to affect the breaking performance of vacuum circuit breakers; the design of traditional vacuum circuit breaker contact materials and breaking control strategies are mainly based on the industrial frequency current environment, and meet the requirements of conventional working conditions by optimizing the contact thermal conductivity, magnetic field distribution and arc uniformity. For example, the currently widely used copper-based alloy contacts can achieve relatively balanced energy distribution and anti-ablation performance under industrial frequency arcs by adjusting the material composition and structural design. However, in new energy scenarios, the current skin effect and hysteresis loss caused by high-frequency harmonics significantly change the arc energy distribution pattern, resulting in local high-temperature molten pools and asymmetric ablation on the contact surface.

[0003] In current technology, the design of contact materials is not adapted to the dynamic characteristics of high-frequency currents. The arc energy is unevenly distributed on the contact surface, resulting in anode spot migration and preferential evaporation of material elements. The existing disconnection control strategy lacks the ability to adapt to the rapid changes in arc energy in high-frequency harmonic environments, resulting in a nonlinear deterioration of contact erosion depth and harmonic frequency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Monitor the high-frequency harmonic current signal of the circuit where the vacuum circuit breaker is located and extract the dominant frequency component;

[0008] S2. Generate the distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface based on the dominant frequency components and contact material characteristics;

[0009] S3. Detect the degradation changes of the contact surface grain structure and evaluate the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation of the contact material;

[0010] S4. Match the opening speed curve of the vacuum circuit breaker with the arc energy diffusion rate according to the distribution of the accumulation area and the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation;

[0011] S5. Monitor the dynamic impedance gradient distribution of the arc plasma during the breaking process and identify the migration path of the anode spots;

[0012] S6. Adjust the magnetic field distribution of the arc extinguishing chamber shield according to the anode spot migration path, and trigger a cleaning arc to perform cladding repair on the anode spot migration path after the disconnection is completed.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, monitoring the high-frequency harmonic current signal of the circuit where the vacuum circuit breaker is located and extracting the dominant frequency component includes:

[0014] Perform spectrum analysis on high-frequency harmonic current signals through fast Fourier transform to extract harmonic components within a preset frequency band;

[0015] Perform sliding window weighted averaging on the harmonic components to select the harmonic components whose amplitude is significantly higher than the power frequency component and lasts for a preset time as the dominant frequency component;

[0016] Dynamically correlate the frequency value and amplitude of the dominant frequency component to generate spectrum analysis data.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, based on the dominant frequency component and the contact material characteristics, generating the concentrated area distribution of the arc energy on the contact surface includes:

[0018] Based on the dynamic correlation between the frequency value and amplitude of the dominant frequency component, the skin depth of the contact material is calculated. The skin depth is determined according to the resistivity of the contact material, the frequency value of the dominant frequency component, and the magnetic permeability.

[0019] Combining the resistivity, magnetic permeability and thermal conductivity of the contact material, a heat flux density distribution model of high-frequency harmonic current on the contact surface is established;

[0020] According to the spatial gradient change of energy density in the heat flux density distribution model, the diffusion direction and diffusion rate of arc energy on the contact surface are determined;

[0021] Based on the dynamic relationship between diffusion direction and diffusion rate, a three-dimensional distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface is generated. The spatial coordinates of the three-dimensional distribution of concentration areas match the geometric shape of the contact surface.

[0022] The areas in the three-dimensional clustering region distribution where the energy density exceeds a preset threshold are marked as high-energy clustering areas.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, detecting the degradation change of the grain structure on the contact surface and evaluating the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation of the contact material includes:

[0024] Obtain contact surface grain size distribution data and grain boundary orientation difference distribution data through ultrasonic testing technology;

[0025] The average grain size and grain size dispersion coefficient are calculated based on the grain size distribution data, and the grain boundary scattering intensity parameters are calculated in combination with the grain boundary orientation difference distribution data;

[0026] Based on the grain boundary scattering intensity parameters and the thermal conductivity coefficient calibration value of the contact material, a mapping relationship model between grain degradation and thermal conductivity attenuation is established;

[0027] A dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree is generated through a mapping relationship model, and the dynamic attenuation factor is dynamically associated with the thermal conductivity coefficient of the contact material.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, matching the opening speed curve of the vacuum circuit breaker with the arc energy diffusion rate according to the distribution of the concentrated area and the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation includes:

[0029] Based on the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area in the three-dimensional concentration area distribution, the dynamic mapping relationship between the arc energy diffusion rate and the tripping speed is calculated;

[0030] According to the dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree, the model parameters of the mapping relationship between the arc energy diffusion rate and the opening speed are modified;

[0031] Based on the revised mapping relationship model, the trip speed curve is divided into an acceleration section in the high-energy concentration area and a deceleration section in the low-energy concentration area.

[0032] An opening control instruction is generated according to the divided opening speed curve, and the opening control instruction is transmitted to the opening actuator of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the opening acceleration of the acceleration section of the high energy concentration area is positively correlated with the energy density gradient, and the opening deceleration of the deceleration section of the low energy concentration area is negatively correlated with the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, monitoring the dynamic impedance gradient distribution of the arc plasma during the breaking process and identifying the anode spot migration path includes:

[0035] The voltage difference and current change rate on both sides of the contact during the breaking process are collected in real time, and the dynamic impedance gradient distribution is calculated based on the ratio of the voltage difference to the current change rate;

[0036] Identify impedance gradient mutation points within adjacent time windows based on dynamic impedance gradient distribution;

[0037] According to the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the impedance gradient mutation points, the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path is extracted, and the spatial coordinates of the dynamic trajectory match the geometric shape of the three-dimensional distribution of the clustered area on the contact surface.

[0038] The region in the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path that overlaps with the spatial coordinates of the acceleration segment of the high-energy concentration region is marked as the target inhibition region.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the condition for determining the impedance gradient mutation point is that the impedance gradient change rate of adjacent windows exceeds a preset change threshold, and the preset change threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the magnetic field distribution of the arc extinguishing chamber shield is adjusted according to the anode spot migration path, and a cleaning arc is triggered after the interruption is completed to perform cladding repair on the anode spot migration path, including:

[0041] According to the spatial coordinates of the target inhibition zone, the driving current of the electromagnetic coil of the arc extinguishing chamber shield is adjusted to increase the magnetic field strength in the direction of the target inhibition zone. The adjustment ratio of the magnetic field strength is positively correlated with the energy density gradient of the target inhibition zone.

[0042] After the disconnection is completed, the cleaning arc is triggered according to the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path, and the energy threshold of the cleaning arc is dynamically set according to the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation;

[0043] The triggering position of the cleaning arc covers the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path, and the duration of the cleaning arc matches the duration of the acceleration section in the high-energy accumulation zone;

[0044] After the cleaning arc is triggered, the cladding repair area on the contact surface is detected. If the overlap rate between the cladding repair area and the anode spot migration path is lower than the preset overlap threshold, the cleaning arc is repeatedly triggered until the overlap rate requirement is met.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. Based on the dynamic extraction of the dominant frequency components of high-frequency harmonics and modeling of the energy distribution on the contact surface, combined with real-time evaluation of material grain degradation, a precise match between the tripping speed curve and the arc energy diffusion rate is achieved. Through closed-loop control of energy concentration area identification, thermal conductivity attenuation feedback, and dynamic adjustment of tripping parameters, the formation of local high-temperature molten pools on the contacts is significantly suppressed. Real-time tracking of the anode spot migration path and targeted magnetic field suppression during the tripping process further block the non-uniform accumulation of arc energy, thereby improving the uniformity of energy distribution on the contact surface and addressing the problem of preferential evaporation of material elements, providing a systematic solution for tripping stability in high-frequency harmonic scenarios.

[0047] 2. In response to the needs of contact damage repair and long-term protection, through dynamic impedance gradient distribution analysis and reverse tracing of the anode spot path, combined with adaptive adjustment of the arc extinguishing chamber magnetic field distribution, spatial matching is achieved between the contact surface cladding repair area and the arc damage area; the cleaning arc energy threshold and repair time are dynamically optimized based on the degree of material degradation, which not only avoids secondary damage caused by excessive repair, but also ensures the metallurgical bonding strength between the cladding layer and the base material. By deeply integrating the disconnection process control with contact maintenance and repair, a process integrating preventive suppression and dynamic compensation repair is formed, which reduces the maintenance frequency while significantly extending the service life of the contact under high-frequency harmonic impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method used in new energy applications according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example: Figure 1 The present invention provides a vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. Monitor the high-frequency harmonic current signal of the circuit where the vacuum circuit breaker is located and extract the dominant frequency component;

[0052] S2. Generate the distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface based on the dominant frequency components and contact material characteristics;

[0053] S3. Detect the degradation changes of the contact surface grain structure and evaluate the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation of the contact material;

[0054] S4. Match the opening speed curve of the vacuum circuit breaker with the arc energy diffusion rate according to the distribution of the accumulation area and the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation;

[0055] S5. Monitor the dynamic impedance gradient distribution of the arc plasma during the breaking process and identify the migration path of the anode spots;

[0056] S6. Adjust the magnetic field distribution of the arc extinguishing chamber shield according to the anode spot migration path, and trigger a cleaning arc to perform cladding repair on the anode spot migration path after the disconnection is completed.

[0057] S1. Monitor the high-frequency harmonic current signal of the circuit where the vacuum circuit breaker is located and extract the dominant frequency component, including:

[0058] Perform spectrum analysis on high-frequency harmonic current signals through fast Fourier transform to extract harmonic components within a preset frequency band;

[0059] Perform sliding window weighted averaging on the harmonic components to select the harmonic components whose amplitude is significantly higher than the power frequency component and lasts for a preset time as the dominant frequency component;

[0060] Dynamically correlate the frequency value and amplitude of the dominant frequency component to generate spectrum analysis data.

[0061] The current signal of the circuit where the vacuum circuit breaker is located is collected. The bandwidth of the current sensor covers the high-frequency harmonic frequency range. The output signal of the current sensor is converted into a frequency domain signal containing frequency components and amplitude information through fast Fourier transform. The sampling frequency of the fast Fourier transform is set to more than twice the highest frequency component of the high-frequency harmonic current signal.

[0062] Harmonic components within a preset frequency band in the frequency domain signal are extracted. The range of the preset frequency band is set according to the typical harmonic characteristics of photovoltaic inverters and energy storage converters in new energy scenarios. The preset frequency band covers the main distribution range of high-frequency harmonics.

[0063] The harmonic components within the preset frequency band are processed by sliding window weighted averaging. The time length of the sliding window is set according to the time-varying characteristics of the arc energy accumulation effect. The amplitudes of the harmonic components at each time point in the sliding window are assigned weight coefficients in chronological order. The weight coefficients of the harmonic components close to the current moment are higher, and the weight coefficients of the harmonic components far from the current moment gradually decrease. The comprehensive amplitude evaluation results of the harmonic components in the window are obtained by weighted averaging calculation.

[0064] The harmonic components whose comprehensive amplitude is significantly higher than the power frequency component and whose duration exceeds the preset time are screened out as the dominant frequency components. The judgment condition for being significantly higher than the power frequency component is that the comprehensive amplitude evaluation result of the harmonic component exceeds the preset proportional threshold of the power frequency component amplitude. The preset proportional threshold is determined based on the experimental data of the anti-ablation performance of the contact material, and the preset time is set based on the minimum time window in which the harmonic component has a continuous impact on the energy accumulation on the contact surface.

[0065] The frequency values of the screened dominant frequency components are dynamically associated with the amplitudes after weighted averaging. The dynamic association method is to assign a weight coefficient to the frequency value of each dominant frequency component. The weight coefficient is positively correlated with the amplitude evaluation result of the frequency component. The higher the amplitude evaluation result, the larger the corresponding frequency value weight coefficient. The spectrum analysis data representing the high-frequency harmonic energy distribution characteristics is generated through weighted summation calculation. The spectrum analysis data is transmitted to the subsequent steps for the calculation of the arc energy concentration area distribution on the contact surface.

[0066] The preset frequency band is set based on the harmonic emission characteristics of photovoltaic inverters and energy storage converters in new energy scenarios. High-frequency harmonics are mainly concentrated in the range above the power frequency and below the equipment switching frequency. The preset frequency band is determined through actual testing and harmonic statistical data.

[0067] The sliding window weight assignment rule assigns weight coefficients within the time window according to an exponential decay law, with the weight being maximum at the current moment and gradually decreasing as the sampling time advances. Experimental verification of the amplitude threshold and duration was completed by comparing contact ablation depth data under different harmonic amplitudes and durations to determine the threshold combination that significantly affects contact life.

[0068] The weighting rule of dynamic association is that the positive correlation between the frequency value weight coefficient and the amplitude is realized through linear proportion. When the amplitude increases by a fixed percentage, the weight coefficient increases by a fixed value accordingly.

[0069] The selection of current sensors must meet the requirements of high-frequency signal acquisition, such as using Hall current sensors or Rogowski coils with bandwidth covering the preset frequency band.

[0070] The weight coefficient assignment rule in the sliding window weighted averaging process is dynamically adjusted based on the arc energy accumulation rate. If a rapid increase in arc energy is detected, the weight coefficient of the recent time point is increased to quickly respond to the change. The experimental calibration method involves conducting breaking tests at different harmonic amplitudes and durations and recording the contact ablation depth. The critical threshold and preset duration are determined based on the ablation depth change trend.

[0071] S2. Based on the dominant frequency component and contact material characteristics, generate the distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface, including:

[0072] Based on the dynamic correlation between the frequency value and amplitude of the dominant frequency component, the skin depth of the contact material is calculated. The skin depth is determined according to the resistivity of the contact material, the frequency value of the dominant frequency component, and the magnetic permeability.

[0073] Combining the resistivity, magnetic permeability and thermal conductivity of the contact material, a heat flux density distribution model of high-frequency harmonic current on the contact surface is established;

[0074] According to the spatial gradient change of energy density in the heat flux density distribution model, the diffusion direction and diffusion rate of arc energy on the contact surface are determined;

[0075] Based on the dynamic relationship between diffusion direction and diffusion rate, a three-dimensional distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface is generated. The spatial coordinates of the three-dimensional distribution of concentration areas match the geometric shape of the contact surface.

[0076] The areas in the three-dimensional clustering region distribution where the energy density exceeds a preset threshold are marked as high-energy clustering areas.

[0077] Based on the dynamic correlation result between the frequency value and amplitude of the dominant frequency component generated in step S1, the skin depth of the contact material is calculated. The skin depth is calculated based on the resistivity, frequency value and magnetic permeability of the contact material.

[0078] The resistivity of the contact material is determined based on the nominal value provided in the material manual or by actual measurement using the four-probe method. The frequency of the dominant frequency component is derived from the spectrum analysis data in step S1. The magnetic permeability is obtained by measuring the magnetization curve of the contact material using a vibrating sample magnetometer. The skin depth is calculated as being proportional to the square root of the resistivity of the contact material and inversely proportional to the frequency of the dominant frequency component and the square root of the magnetic permeability.

[0079] A heat flux density distribution model for high-frequency harmonic current on the contact surface was established by combining the resistivity, magnetic permeability, and thermal conductivity of the contact material. The thermal conductivity was calculated by measuring the thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity of the contact material using the laser flash method.

[0080] The heat flux density distribution model divides the contact surface into grid cells using the finite difference method. The size of the grid cells is adjusted based on the contact surface roughness. For example, when the surface roughness is high, a micron-scale grid size is used to improve calculation accuracy. The heat flux density of each grid cell is calculated based on the skin depth, resistivity, and thermal conductivity of the high-frequency harmonic current. Specifically, it is the product of the square of the current density and the resistivity, multiplied by the inverse of the thermal conductivity. The contact resistance of the contact surface is calculated based on the resistivity of the contact material and the contact area. The contact area is determined by observing the contact surface morphology with a scanning electron microscope and statistically analyzing the distribution of micro-asperities.

[0081] According to the spatial gradient change of energy density in the heat flux density distribution model, the diffusion direction and diffusion rate of arc energy on the contact surface are determined. The spatial gradient change is obtained by calculating the energy density difference of adjacent grid cells. For example, the gradient value is calculated by the central difference method to avoid boundary errors. The diffusion direction is the direction of energy density gradient descent, that is, from high energy density area to low energy density area. The diffusion rate is the ratio of energy density gradient to the thermal conductivity coefficient of the contact material. For example, when the energy density gradient is 10 6 When the thermal conductivity is 400W / (m·K), the diffusion rate is about 2500m / s.

[0082] The dynamic relationship between diffusion direction and diffusion rate is calculated by iteratively updating the energy density value of the grid unit in real time until the energy density change rate between two adjacent iterations is less than the preset convergence threshold (for example, 1%), and the energy distribution is judged to have reached a steady state.

[0083] Based on the dynamic relationship between diffusion direction and diffusion rate, a three-dimensional distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface is generated. The spatial coordinates of the three-dimensional concentration area distribution match the contact surface geometry, which is obtained through 3D laser scanning or computer-aided design models, ensuring that the energy density values are accurately mapped to the actual location on the contact surface.

[0084] The three-dimensional heat map data of the concentrated area distribution is interpolated to supplement the energy density values of non-grid areas on the contact surface. For example, bilinear interpolation is used to smooth the areas between grid cells to ensure continuity of the energy distribution. The weight coefficient of the interpolation algorithm is dynamically adjusted based on the energy density gradient of adjacent grid cells, with areas with larger gradients receiving lower weights to avoid overshoot.

[0085] Areas in the three-dimensional cluster distribution where the energy density exceeds a preset threshold are marked as high-energy clusters. This threshold is determined based on experimental data on the ablation resistance of the contact material. Specifically, breaking tests are conducted at different energy densities and the critical energy density at which a molten pool forms on the contact surface is recorded. For example, when the contact material is a copper-chromium alloy, the critical energy density is approximately 1.5×10¹ 0 W / m³, the preset threshold is set to 80% of the critical value (i.e. 1.2×10¹ 0 W / m³) to retain a safety margin; the spatial coordinates of the high-energy concentration area are marked by the position in the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0086] S3. Detect the degradation of the contact surface grain structure and evaluate the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation of the contact material, including:

[0087] Obtain contact surface grain size distribution data and grain boundary orientation difference distribution data through ultrasonic testing technology;

[0088] The average grain size and grain size dispersion coefficient are calculated based on the grain size distribution data, and the grain boundary scattering intensity parameters are calculated in combination with the grain boundary orientation difference distribution data;

[0089] Based on the grain boundary scattering intensity parameters and the thermal conductivity coefficient calibration value of the contact material, a mapping relationship model between grain degradation and thermal conductivity attenuation is established;

[0090] A dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree is generated through a mapping relationship model, and the dynamic attenuation factor is dynamically associated with the thermal conductivity coefficient of the contact material.

[0091] Ultrasonic testing technology is used to obtain data on the grain size distribution and grain boundary misorientation distribution on the contact surface. Ultrasonic testing utilizes the pulse reflection method, and the frequency of the ultrasonic probe is selected based on the acoustic properties of the contact material. For example, a 10MHz ultrasonic probe is used for copper-chromium alloy contacts to ensure resolution sufficient for micron-level grain detection.

[0092] When the ultrasonic signal propagates on the contact surface, the grain size difference and grain boundary orientation difference will cause the amplitude and phase changes of the acoustic wave reflection signal. By analyzing the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the reflection signal, the grain size distribution data and grain boundary orientation difference distribution data are extracted.

[0093] Grain size distribution data includes the average grain size and size distribution range, while grain boundary misorientation distribution data includes the orientation angle difference between adjacent grains. The grain size dispersion coefficient is calculated by calculating the ratio of the standard deviation of the grain size to the mean value and is used to quantify grain size heterogeneity. Grain boundary misorientation distribution data calculates the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter by calculating the average orientation angle difference between adjacent grains. The grain boundary scattering intensity parameter is calculated as the product of the grain boundary orientation angle difference and the grain size dispersion coefficient.

[0094] A mapping model was established based on the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter and the calibrated thermal conductivity value of the contact material. The calibrated thermal conductivity value of the contact material was measured using the laser flash method under standard experimental conditions. For example, the calibrated thermal conductivity of copper-chromium alloy at room temperature is 400 W / (m·K). The mapping model uses linear regression to establish a corresponding relationship between the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter and the thermal conductivity attenuation rate. For example, for every 1 unit increase in the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter, the thermal conductivity attenuation rate increases by 5%.

[0095] The parameters of the mapping relationship model are determined by fitting the experimental data of contact material samples with different degrees of degradation. The experimental samples are simulated by heat treatment or arc ablation experiments to simulate contact materials with different degrees of degradation to obtain the corresponding data of grain boundary scattering intensity parameters and thermal conductivity coefficient.

[0096] A dynamic attenuation factor (DF) is generated based on the mapping relationship model to indicate the degree of thermal conductivity degradation. This DF is calculated in real time based on the currently detected grain boundary scattering intensity parameter. For example, when the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter is 4.5, the DF is 0.8 (i.e., the thermal conductivity is attenuated to 80% of the nominal value).

[0097] The dynamic attenuation factor is dynamically linked to the thermal conductivity of the contact material. Specifically, the thermal conductivity input parameter is multiplied by the dynamic attenuation factor. This modified thermal conductivity input parameter is used to update the heat flux distribution model's calculation results. The dynamic attenuation factor's real-time update cycle is synchronized with the heat flux calculation cycle, for example, updating every 1ms to ensure real-time model parameter accuracy. The modified thermal conductivity input parameter is transmitted to the heat flux distribution model via real-time data, forming a closed-loop feedback loop between material degradation data and the energy distribution model.

[0098] Ultrasonic testing parameters are set based on the acoustic properties of the contact material and the testing requirements. The ultrasonic probe frequency is calculated based on the sound velocity of the contact material. For example, the sound velocity of copper-chromium alloy is approximately 4700 m / s. When the grain size is micron-scale, a 10 MHz probe is used to ensure that the wavelength is smaller than the grain size for effective scattering. The pulse repetition frequency is set to 1 kHz to avoid signal aliasing and meet real-time testing requirements.

[0099] Grain size distribution data is obtained through statistical analysis of the reflected signal amplitude, with amplitude variations proportional to grain size. Grain boundary misorientation distribution data is obtained through cross-correlation analysis of the reflected signal phase, with the phase difference linearly related to the grain orientation angle difference. The grain boundary scattering intensity parameter is calculated as the product of the grain size dispersion coefficient and the grain boundary orientation angle difference, quantifying the inhibitory effect of grain degradation on heat conduction.

[0100] During experimental sample preparation, heat treatment or arc ablation experiments are performed to simulate contact materials with varying degrees of degradation, obtaining data on the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter and the thermal conductivity coefficient. Linear regression fitting is performed based on the experimental data to establish a linear equation for the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter and the thermal conductivity attenuation rate. For example, the attenuation rate is equal to the grain boundary scattering intensity parameter multiplied by the slope coefficient plus the intercept. The slope coefficient and intercept are determined by fitting the experimental data using the least squares method to ensure the accuracy of the mapping model. The dynamic attenuation factor generation logic is integrated with the heat flux model parameter correction logic to enable real-time correction of energy distribution predictions based on material performance degradation.

[0101] S4. Match the opening speed curve of the vacuum circuit breaker with the arc energy diffusion rate based on the distribution of the clustered area and the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation, including:

[0102] Based on the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area in the three-dimensional concentration area distribution, the dynamic mapping relationship between the arc energy diffusion rate and the tripping speed is calculated;

[0103] According to the dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree, the model parameters of the mapping relationship between the arc energy diffusion rate and the opening speed are modified;

[0104] Based on the revised mapping relationship model, the tripping speed curve is divided into an acceleration section in the high-energy concentration area and a deceleration section in the low-energy concentration area. The tripping acceleration in the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration area is positively correlated with the energy density gradient, while the tripping deceleration in the deceleration section of the low-energy concentration area is negatively correlated with the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation.

[0105] An opening control instruction is generated according to the divided opening speed curve, and the opening control instruction is transmitted to the opening actuator of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0106] Based on the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area in the three-dimensional concentration area distribution generated in step S2, the dynamic mapping relationship between the arc energy diffusion rate and the opening speed is calculated. The energy density gradient is obtained by calculating the energy density difference between adjacent coordinate points in the high-energy concentration area. The greater the energy density difference, the higher the arc energy diffusion rate. The dynamic mapping relationship of the opening speed is established by a linear interpolation method. For example, when the energy density gradient is 1000000W / m³, the opening speed baseline value is set to 1.2m / s. For every 100000W / m³ increase in the gradient, the opening speed increases by 0.05m / s. The opening speed baseline value is determined based on the experimental data of the anti-ablation performance of the contact material. For example, when the energy density of copper-chromium alloy is 12000000000W / m³, the opening speed baseline value is 1.2m / s.

[0107] According to the dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree generated in step S3, the mapping relationship model parameters between the arc energy diffusion rate and the tripping speed are corrected. The correction relationship between the dynamic attenuation factor and the tripping speed is achieved by adjusting the proportional coefficient. For example, when the dynamic attenuation factor is 0.8, the tripping speed baseline value is multiplied by the correction coefficient 1.2 to compensate for the decrease in heat dissipation capacity. The correction coefficient is calibrated through the tripping experiment. The experimental calibration method is to measure the inhibitory effect of the tripping speed on the arc energy diffusion under different degrees of thermal conductivity attenuation, and select the parameter combination with the highest inhibition efficiency. The inhibition efficiency is recorded by high-speed video recording of the arc energy diffusion process and synchronously analyzed with the tripping speed curve to calculate the percentage reduction in the energy diffusion rate.

[0108] Based on the revised mapping model, the tripping speed curve is divided into an acceleration section in the high-energy concentration zone and a deceleration section in the low-energy concentration zone. The tripping acceleration in the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration zone is positively correlated with the energy density gradient. For example, when the energy density gradient is 1,000,000 W / m³, the acceleration is set to 50 m / s². For every 100,000 W / m³ increase in the gradient, the acceleration increases by 5 m / s².

[0109] The tripping deceleration rate in the deceleration section of the low-energy concentration zone is negatively correlated with the degree of thermal conductivity degradation. For example, when the dynamic attenuation factor is 0.8, the deceleration rate is set to -30 m / s². For every 0.1 decrease in the dynamic attenuation factor, the absolute value of the deceleration rate decreases by 5 m / s². The demarcation point between the acceleration and deceleration sections is determined by the energy density gradient threshold, which is set based on experimental data on the thermal fatigue limit of the contact surface material. For example, the energy density gradient threshold for copper-chromium alloy is determined through thermal-electrical coupling simulation to determine the energy density corresponding to 50% of its melting point.

[0110] The trip control command is generated based on the divided trip speed curve. This command includes trip acceleration, deceleration, and duration parameters. The trip acceleration and deceleration are dynamically adjusted using a proportional-integral-differential control algorithm. The proportional coefficient is updated in real time based on the energy density gradient, the integral coefficient is used to eliminate steady-state errors, and the differential coefficient is used to suppress overshoot.

[0111] The parameters of the proportional-integral-differential control algorithm are initially set using the Ziegler-Nichols tuning method and then fine-tuned based on the actual tripping effect. The tripping duration parameter is calculated based on the integral of the displacement during the acceleration and deceleration stages. For example, if the acceleration stage displacement is 2 mm, the duration parameter is the displacement divided by the square root of the average acceleration. The tripping control command is transmitted via a digital signal to the vacuum circuit breaker's tripping actuator. The tripping actuator drives the operating mechanism according to the command parameters to complete the tripping operation. The digital signal transmission protocol utilizes the CAN bus or Ethernet, and the transmission cycle is synchronized with the tripping speed update cycle, for example, updating every 1 ms.

[0112] S5. Monitor the dynamic impedance gradient distribution of the arc plasma during the breaking process and identify the migration path of the anode spots, including:

[0113] The voltage difference and current change rate on both sides of the contact during the breaking process are collected in real time, and the dynamic impedance gradient distribution is calculated based on the ratio of the voltage difference to the current change rate;

[0114] Based on the dynamic impedance gradient distribution, impedance gradient mutation points within adjacent time windows are identified. The condition for determining impedance gradient mutation points is that the impedance gradient change rate of adjacent windows exceeds a preset change threshold. The preset change threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area.

[0115] According to the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the impedance gradient mutation points, the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path is extracted, and the spatial coordinates of the dynamic trajectory match the geometric shape of the three-dimensional distribution of the clustered area on the contact surface.

[0116] The region in the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path that overlaps with the spatial coordinates of the acceleration segment of the high-energy concentration region is marked as the target inhibition region.

[0117] The voltage difference and current rate of change across the contacts during the disconnection process are collected in real time, and the dynamic impedance gradient distribution is calculated using the ratio of the voltage difference to the current rate of change. The sampling time window for the voltage difference and current rate of change matches the duration of the dominant frequency component extracted in step S1. For example, when the duration of the dominant frequency component extracted in step S1 is 2ms, the sampling time window is set to 2ms. The dynamic impedance gradient distribution is calculated by dividing the instantaneous value of the voltage difference by the absolute value of the instantaneous value of the current rate of change. The instantaneous value of the current rate of change is the difference between the current value at the current moment and the current value at the previous moment divided by the sampling interval to avoid calculation anomalies caused by a zero denominator.

[0118] Based on the dynamic impedance gradient distribution, the impedance gradient mutation points in adjacent time windows are identified. The condition for determining the impedance gradient mutation point is that the impedance gradient change rate in the adjacent time windows exceeds the preset change threshold, and the preset change threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area generated in step S2. For example, when the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area in step S2 is 1,000,000 W / m³, the preset change threshold is set to 5Ω / ms, and the preset change threshold is increased by 0.5Ω / ms for every 100,000 W / m³ increase in the energy density gradient. The impedance gradient change rate is calculated as the difference between the impedance gradient value of the current time window and the impedance gradient value of the previous time window divided by the time window width.

[0119] The dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path is extracted based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the impedance gradient mutation points. The spatial coordinates of the dynamic trajectory match the geometric shape of the three-dimensional distribution of the clustered areas on the contact surface, which is obtained through three-dimensional laser scanning or computer-aided design modeling in step S2. The dynamic trajectory is generated by mapping the time series coordinates of the impedance gradient mutation points to the three-dimensional spatial coordinate system of the contact surface to form a continuous trajectory line of the anode spot migration path. The smoothness of the trajectory line is processed by sliding average filtering, and the filter window width is consistent with the duration of the dominant frequency component in step S1.

[0120] The area in the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path that overlaps with the spatial coordinates of the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration zone generated in step S2 is marked as the targeted inhibition zone. The spatial coordinate overlap judgment condition of the targeted inhibition zone is that the spatial coordinate error between the anode spot trajectory point and the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration zone is less than 0.1mm, ensuring the accuracy of targeted inhibition. The spatial coordinate error is calculated by the Euclidean distance in the three-dimensional coordinate system. For example, when the coordinates of the trajectory point are (x1, y1, z1) and the coordinates of the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration zone are (x2, y2, z2), the Euclidean distance is less than 0.1mm and it is determined to be overlapping. The coordinate parameters of the targeted inhibition zone are transmitted to step S6 through the data interface for magnetic field distribution adjustment. The data interface transmission protocol is consistent with the gate control instruction transmission protocol in step S4.

[0121] S6. Adjust the magnetic field distribution of the arc extinguishing chamber shield according to the anode spot migration path, and trigger a clean arc to perform cladding repair on the anode spot migration path after the interruption is completed, including:

[0122] According to the spatial coordinates of the target inhibition zone, the driving current of the electromagnetic coil of the arc extinguishing chamber shield is adjusted to increase the magnetic field strength in the direction of the target inhibition zone. The adjustment ratio of the magnetic field strength is positively correlated with the energy density gradient of the target inhibition zone.

[0123] After the disconnection is completed, the cleaning arc is triggered according to the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path, and the energy threshold of the cleaning arc is dynamically set according to the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation;

[0124] The triggering position of the cleaning arc covers the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path, and the duration of the cleaning arc matches the duration of the acceleration section in the high-energy accumulation zone;

[0125] After the cleaning arc is triggered, the cladding repair area on the contact surface is detected by an infrared thermal imager. If the overlap rate between the cladding repair area and the anode spot migration path is lower than the preset overlap threshold, the cleaning arc is repeatedly triggered until the overlap rate requirement is met.

[0126] The electromagnetic coil drive current of the arc extinguishing chamber shield is adjusted based on the spatial coordinates of the targeted inhibition zone generated in step S5, so that the magnetic field strength is enhanced in the direction of the targeted inhibition zone. The spatial coordinates of the targeted inhibition zone are derived from the overlapping region between the anode spot migration path and the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration zone in step S5. The magnetic field strength adjustment ratio is positively correlated with the energy density gradient of the targeted inhibition zone, which is calculated using the three-dimensional concentration zone distribution model in step S2. For example, when the energy density gradient of the targeted inhibition zone is 1,000,000 W / m³, a 10% increase in the electromagnetic coil drive current increases the magnetic field strength by 5%. For every 100,000 W / m³ increase in the energy density gradient, the drive current increases by 1% and the magnetic field strength increases by 0.5%. The electromagnetic coil drive current parameters are dynamically adjusted using pulse width modulation technology, with the pulse width modulation frequency consistent with the duration of the dominant frequency component in step S1. For example, when the dominant frequency component is 100 kHz, the modulation frequency is set to 100 kHz to avoid electromagnetic interference.

[0127] After the disconnection is completed, the cleaning arc is triggered according to the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path generated in step S5. The energy threshold of the cleaning arc is dynamically set according to the dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree generated in step S3. The dynamic attenuation factor is derived from the mapping relationship model between grain degradation and thermal conductivity coefficient in step S3. For example, when the dynamic attenuation factor is 0.8, the energy threshold is set to 120% of the calibration value; for every 0.1 decrease in the dynamic attenuation factor, the energy threshold increases by 5%. The calibration value of the energy threshold is determined through contact material cladding repair experiments. For example, the energy required for cladding repair of copper-chromium alloy in an undegraded state is 50J / mm². The calibration value is selected by testing the density of the cladding layer at different energies and selecting the optimal value.

[0128] The triggering position of the cleaning arc covers the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path, and the coordinate accuracy of the triggering position is controlled by a three-dimensional laser positioning system, and the positioning error is less than 0.05mm. The calibration method of the three-dimensional laser positioning system is to preset marking points on the contact surface and verify the positioning error. For example, after processing micron-level marking points on the contact surface, the coordinate accuracy is calibrated by the laser reflection signal. The duration of the cleaning arc matches the duration of the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration area divided in step S4. For example, when the duration of the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration area is 2ms, the duration of the cleaning arc is set to 2ms. The triggering timing of the cleaning arc is synchronized with the opening action completion signal, and the opening action completion signal is obtained through the position sensor of the vacuum circuit breaker to ensure that the cladding repair is performed immediately after the arc is extinguished.

[0129] After the cleaning arc is triggered, the cladding repair area on the contact surface is detected using an infrared thermal imager. The thermal imager's spatial resolution is set to 0.1mm / pixel, and the temperature detection accuracy is ±1°C. The cladding repair area is determined when the temperature exceeds the melting point of the contact material and lasts for more than 0.5ms. For example, the melting point of copper-chromium alloy is 1083°C. When the detected local temperature reaches 1100°C and lasts for 0.6ms, it is determined to be a valid cladding area.

[0130] The overlap between the cladding repair area and the anode spot migration path is calculated using an image registration algorithm based on feature point matching. Feature point extraction is based on the point of curvature change at the edge of the cladding area. The overlap ratio is calculated by dividing the area of the overlapping area by the total area of the anode spot migration path, multiplied by 100%. If the overlap ratio falls below a preset threshold (e.g., 90%), the cleaning arc is repeatedly triggered until the overlap ratio reaches the threshold. The upper limit on the number of re-triggering cycles is set based on the thermal fatigue resistance of the contact material. For example, for copper-chromium alloy, the maximum number of re-triggering cycles is three, with the energy threshold increasing by 5% with each re-triggering cycle to prevent overheating damage to the same area.

[0131] The above formula and the calculation process involved are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula that is closest to the actual situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0132] It should be noted that the present invention can be deployed on the device itself to implement embedded applications, and can also be run on a PC or other terminal with a user interface, thereby meeting various hardware environments and usage requirements.

[0133] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part via software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are fully or partially performed. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired means (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains a collection of one or more available media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. The semiconductor media can be a solid-state drive.

[0134] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and modules described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0135] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0136] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, and may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0137] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0138] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0139] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0140] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum circuit breaker breaking method for new energy applications, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Monitor the high-frequency harmonic current signal of the circuit where the vacuum circuit breaker is located and extract the dominant frequency component; S2. Generate the distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface based on the dominant frequency components and contact material characteristics; S3. Detect the degradation changes of the contact surface grain structure and evaluate the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation of the contact material; S4. Match the opening speed curve of the vacuum circuit breaker with the arc energy diffusion rate according to the distribution of the accumulation area and the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation; S5. Monitor the dynamic impedance gradient distribution of the arc plasma during the breaking process and identify the migration path of the anode spots; S6. Adjust the magnetic field distribution of the arc extinguishing chamber shield according to the anode spot migration path, and trigger a cleaning arc to perform cladding repair on the anode spot migration path after the disconnection is completed.

2. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: Monitor the high-frequency harmonic current signal of the circuit where the vacuum circuit breaker is located and extract the dominant frequency components, including: Perform spectrum analysis on high-frequency harmonic current signals through fast Fourier transform to extract harmonic components within a preset frequency band; Perform sliding window weighted averaging on the harmonic components to select the harmonic components whose amplitude is significantly higher than the power frequency component and lasts for a preset time as the dominant frequency component; Dynamically correlate the frequency value and amplitude of the dominant frequency component to generate spectrum analysis data.

3. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 2, characterized in that: Based on the dominant frequency components and contact material characteristics, the distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface is generated, including: Based on the dynamic correlation between the frequency value and amplitude of the dominant frequency component, the skin depth of the contact material is calculated. The skin depth is determined according to the resistivity of the contact material, the frequency value of the dominant frequency component, and the magnetic permeability. Combining the resistivity, magnetic permeability and thermal conductivity of the contact material, a heat flux density distribution model of high-frequency harmonic current on the contact surface is established; According to the spatial gradient change of energy density in the heat flux density distribution model, the diffusion direction and diffusion rate of arc energy on the contact surface are determined; Based on the dynamic relationship between diffusion direction and diffusion rate, a three-dimensional distribution of arc energy concentration areas on the contact surface is generated. The spatial coordinates of the three-dimensional distribution of concentration areas match the geometric shape of the contact surface. The areas in the three-dimensional clustering region distribution where the energy density exceeds a preset threshold are marked as high-energy clustering areas.

4. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 3, characterized in that: Detect the degradation changes of the contact surface grain structure and evaluate the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation of the contact material, including: Obtain contact surface grain size distribution data and grain boundary orientation difference distribution data through ultrasonic testing technology; The average grain size and grain size dispersion coefficient are calculated based on the grain size distribution data, and the grain boundary scattering intensity parameters are calculated in combination with the grain boundary orientation difference distribution data; Based on the grain boundary scattering intensity parameters and the thermal conductivity coefficient calibration value of the contact material, a mapping relationship model between grain degradation and thermal conductivity attenuation is established; A dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree is generated through a mapping relationship model, and the dynamic attenuation factor is dynamically associated with the thermal conductivity coefficient of the contact material.

5. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 4, characterized in that: According to the distribution of the concentrated area and the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation, the opening speed curve of the vacuum circuit breaker and the arc energy diffusion rate are matched, including: Based on the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area in the three-dimensional concentration area distribution, the dynamic mapping relationship between the arc energy diffusion rate and the tripping speed is calculated; According to the dynamic attenuation factor of the thermal conductivity attenuation degree, the model parameters of the mapping relationship between the arc energy diffusion rate and the opening speed are modified; Based on the revised mapping relationship model, the trip speed curve is divided into an acceleration section in the high-energy concentration area and a deceleration section in the low-energy concentration area. An opening control instruction is generated according to the divided opening speed curve, and the opening control instruction is transmitted to the opening actuator of the vacuum circuit breaker.

6. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trip acceleration in the acceleration section of the high-energy concentration area is positively correlated with the energy density gradient, while the trip deceleration in the deceleration section of the low-energy concentration area is negatively correlated with the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation.

7. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 5, characterized in that: Monitor the dynamic impedance gradient distribution of the arc plasma during the breaking process and identify the migration path of the anode spots, including: The voltage difference and current change rate on both sides of the contact during the breaking process are collected in real time, and the dynamic impedance gradient distribution is calculated based on the ratio of the voltage difference to the current change rate; Identify impedance gradient mutation points within adjacent time windows based on dynamic impedance gradient distribution; According to the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the impedance gradient mutation points, the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path is extracted, and the spatial coordinates of the dynamic trajectory match the geometric shape of the three-dimensional distribution of the clustered area on the contact surface. The region in the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path that overlaps with the spatial coordinates of the acceleration segment of the high-energy concentration region is marked as the target inhibition region.

8. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condition for determining the impedance gradient mutation point is that the impedance gradient change rate of adjacent windows exceeds a preset change threshold, and the preset change threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the energy density gradient of the high-energy concentration area.

9. The vacuum circuit breaker disconnecting method for new energy applications according to claim 7, characterized in that: Adjust the magnetic field distribution of the arc extinguishing chamber shield according to the anode spot migration path, and trigger a clean arc to perform cladding repair on the anode spot migration path after the interruption is completed, including: According to the spatial coordinates of the target inhibition zone, the driving current of the electromagnetic coil of the arc extinguishing chamber shield is adjusted to increase the magnetic field strength in the direction of the target inhibition zone. The adjustment ratio of the magnetic field strength is positively correlated with the energy density gradient of the target inhibition zone. After the disconnection is completed, the cleaning arc is triggered according to the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path, and the energy threshold of the cleaning arc is dynamically set according to the degree of thermal conductivity attenuation; The triggering position of the cleaning arc covers the dynamic trajectory of the anode spot migration path, and the duration of the cleaning arc matches the duration of the acceleration section in the high-energy accumulation zone; After the cleaning arc is triggered, the cladding repair area on the contact surface is detected. If the overlap rate between the cladding repair area and the anode spot migration path is lower than the preset overlap threshold, the cleaning arc is repeatedly triggered until the overlap rate requirement is met.

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