Real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system for fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system, which belongs to the technical field of fuel cell control systems and comprises a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply unit, an air supply unit, an electric control module, a monitoring unit and a hydrothermal management unit. The hydrogen supply unit comprises a hydrogen cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, an electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen reflux pump and a hydrogen concentration sensor, the air supply unit comprises an air filter, an air compressor and an air humidifier, and the monitoring unit comprises an operation monitoring module, a preset parameter module, a visualization module and a parameter adjusting module. By arranging the operation monitoring module, the current and voltage indexes of the fuel cell and the operation picture of the fuel cell are obtained in real time, the obtained parameters are compared with the preset control target of the preset parameter module, and the parameters or the operation mode of the system are automatically adjusted to ensure that the fuel cell reaches the expected performance and stable state; and the parameter state is updated in real time in the fuel cell three-dimensional model provided by the preset parameter module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell control systems, and particularly relates to a fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for global energy structure transformation, fuel cells, as a clean and efficient energy conversion device, have gradually become a research and application hotspot. Fuel cells can convert the reaction of fuel and oxidant into electrical energy, achieving high-efficiency energy conversion. Compared with traditional coal-fired power generation and hydrogen power generation methods, they have the advantages of lower carbon emissions and lower energy consumption. In order to ensure the stability and safety of fuel cells during actual operation, it is necessary to monitor their operating status in real time and optimize operating parameters through feedback regulation.

[0003] The operating status of traditional fuel cells mainly includes indicators such as electrode ends, current, and voltage. The changes in these parameters often directly reflect the operating quality of fuel cells. Traditional monitoring systems mainly rely on manual or periodic sampling methods, which are difficult to comprehensively and real-time grasp the operating status of fuel cells, and cannot intuitively obtain the status of fuel cells, making it inconvenient to quickly troubleshoot abnormal causes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing manual or periodic sampling methods, such as being difficult to comprehensively and real-time grasp the operating status of fuel cells, unable to intuitively obtain the status of fuel cells, and inconvenient to quickly troubleshoot abnormal causes, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system.

[0005] To solve the problems of the existing technology, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system is composed of a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply unit, an air supply unit, an electronic control module, a monitoring unit, and a water and heat management unit; the hydrogen supply unit is composed of a hydrogen cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a solenoid valve, a hydrogen reflux pump, and a hydrogen concentration sensor, the air supply unit is composed of an air filter, an air compressor, and an air humidifier, the monitoring unit is composed of an operation monitoring module, a preset parameter module, a visualization module, and a parameter adjustment module, and the water and heat management unit is composed of a water pump, a thermostat, and a deionizer; the hydrogen supply unit and the air supply unit form a gas supply unit, the monitoring unit and the water and heat management unit form a monitoring and management unit, and the electronic control module, the gas supply unit, and the monitoring and management unit are respectively electrically connected to the fuel cell stack, and the electronic control module controls the gas supply unit and the monitoring and management unit respectively through the fuel cell stack.

[0007] As an improvement, the fuel cell stack is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack responsible for the occurrence of electrochemical reactions. The fuel cell stack is formed by stacking a group of single cells in series. Each single cell includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode assembly, and after process assembly, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is formed.

[0008] As an improvement, the hydrogen supply unit composed of a hydrogen cylinder, a pressure reducing valve, a solenoid valve, a hydrogen reflux pump, and a hydrogen concentration sensor is used to adjust the pressure of hydrogen, humidify hydrogen, and supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack in a timely manner.

[0009] As an improvement, the air supply unit composed of an air filter, an air compressor, and an air humidifier is used to filter, humidify, and adjust the pressure of the air entering the fuel cell, ensuring the temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow rate on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack.

[0010] As an improvement, the water thermal management unit composed of a water pump, a thermostat, and a deionizer is responsible for managing the heat generated by the fuel cell during operation and the water inside.

[0011] As an improvement, the electronic control module, as an important part of the fuel cell control system, is responsible for intelligently regulating the coordinated operation of the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen supply unit, the air supply unit, the monitoring unit, and the water thermal management unit, ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell system.

[0012] As an improvement, the operation monitoring module is composed of electrode end sensors, current sensors, and voltage sensors that detect the operation state of the fuel cell, and real-time obtains the electrode end, current, and voltage indicators of the fuel cell. The operation monitoring module also includes an image acquisition device for obtaining the real-time state of the fuel cell.

[0013] As an improvement, the preset parameter module is used to set the preset control target of the fuel cell, and based on this control target and fuel cell parameters, establish a virtual simulation model of the fuel cell, and generate a three-dimensional data model for this model.

[0014] As an improvement, the visualization module is used to display various parameters of the fuel cell.

[0015] As an improvement, the parameter adjustment module is used to automatically adjust various parameters of the fuel cell. By comparing the real-time data collected by the sensor with the preset control target, it automatically adjusts the parameters or operation mode of the system.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention obtains the electrode terminal, current, and voltage indicators of the fuel cell in real time by setting up an operation monitoring module, and also obtains the operation screen of the fuel cell in real time. It compares the obtained parameters with the preset control objectives of the preset parameter module, automatically adjusts the parameters or operation mode of the system to ensure that the fuel cell reaches the expected performance and stable state, and updates the parameter status in real time in the three-dimensional model of the fuel cell provided by the preset parameter module to quickly troubleshoot the abnormal causes.

[0019] 2. The present invention sets up a visualization module to facilitate the display of various parameters of the fuel cell to the user, making it easy to intuitively obtain the operation information of the fuel cell. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic connection diagram of the real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system of the fuel cell of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a functional module diagram of the real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system of the fuel cell in this application.

[0022] Description of the reference numerals: 10, fuel cell stack; 20, hydrogen supply unit; 21, hydrogen cylinder; 22, pressure reducing valve; 23, solenoid valve; 24, hydrogen reflux pump; 25, hydrogen concentration sensor; 30, air supply unit; 31, air filter; 32, air compressor; 33, air humidifier; 40, electronic control module; 50, monitoring unit; 51, operation monitoring module; 52, preset parameter module; 53, visualization module; 54, parameter adjustment module; 60, water and heat management unit; 61, water pump; 62, thermostat; 63, deionizer. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0023] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than restrictive.

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system for a fuel cell, which is composed of a fuel cell stack 10, a hydrogen supply unit 20, an air supply unit 30, an electronic control module 40, a monitoring unit 50, and a water and heat management unit 60.

[0027] The fuel cell stack 10 is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack responsible for the occurrence of electrochemical reactions. The fuel cell stack 10 is formed by stacking a group of single cells in series. Each single cell includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode assembly. After process assembly, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is formed.

[0028] The hydrogen supply unit 20 consists of a hydrogen cylinder 21, a pressure reducing valve 22, a solenoid valve 23, a hydrogen reflux pump 24, and a hydrogen concentration sensor 25, and is used to adjust the pressure of hydrogen, humidify hydrogen, and supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 10 in a timely manner.

[0029] The air supply unit 30 consists of an air filter 31, an air compressor 32, and an air humidifier 33, and is used to filter, humidify, and adjust the pressure of the air entering the fuel cell, ensuring that the temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow rate on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 10 are maintained within the optimal range, thereby preventing insufficient supply of oxygen.

[0030] The monitoring unit 50 consists of an operation monitoring module 51, a preset parameter module 52, a visualization module 53, and a parameter adjustment module 54.

[0031] The hydrogen supply unit 20 and the air supply unit 30 form a gas supply unit, and the monitoring unit 50 and the water and heat management unit 60 form a monitoring and management unit. The electronic control module 40, the gas supply unit, and the monitoring and management unit are respectively electrically connected to the fuel cell stack 10. The electronic control module 40 controls the gas supply unit and the monitoring and management unit respectively through the fuel cell stack 10.

[0032] The water and heat management unit 60 composed of a water pump 61, a thermostat 62, and a deionizer 63 is responsible for managing the heat generated by the fuel cell operation and the internal water, and is used to keep the water and temperature required by relevant modules inside the fuel cell system meet the requirements for its normal operation.

[0033] As an important part of the fuel cell control system, the electronic control module 40 is responsible for intelligently regulating the coordinated operation of the fuel cell stack 10, the hydrogen supply unit 20, the air supply unit 30, the monitoring unit 50, and the water and heat management unit 60, ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell system.

[0034] The operation monitoring module 51 consists of an electrode end sensor, a current sensor, and a voltage sensor for detecting the operation state of the fuel cell, and obtains the electrode end, current, and voltage indicators of the fuel cell in real time. The operation monitoring module 51 also includes an image acquisition device for obtaining the real-time state of the fuel cell.

[0035] The preset parameter module 52 is used to set the preset control target of the fuel cell, and establish a virtual simulation model of the fuel cell according to the control target and fuel cell parameters, and generate a three-dimensional data model for the model, so as to intuitively obtain the fuel cell state.

[0036] The visualization module 53 is used to display various parameters of the fuel cell.

[0037] The parameter adjustment module 54 is used to automatically adjust various parameters of the fuel cell. By comparing the real-time data collected by the sensor with the preset control target, it automatically adjusts the parameters or operating mode of the system to ensure that the fuel cell reaches the expected performance and stable state.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system described in Embodiment 1 is also provided with a core controller, a sensor, an actuator and auxiliary equipment.

[0040] The sensor is responsible for real-time monitoring of the working state of the fuel cell. It consists of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a gas composition sensor, and feeds back the real-time data to the core controller to provide key information for control decisions.

[0041] The core controller is responsible for receiving and processing signals from the sensor, and issuing instructions to the actuator according to the preset control strategy, so as to achieve precise control of the fuel cell.

[0042] The actuator makes corresponding adjustments and controls to the fuel cell system according to the instructions of the core controller, including a hydrogen flow control valve, an air compressor and a water pump 61, which are used to adjust key parameters such as hydrogen supply, air flow and cooling water circulation to ensure the efficient and safe operation of the fuel cell system.

[0043] The auxiliary equipment consists of a hydrogen circulation pump, a humidifier and an exhaust valve. The hydrogen circulation pump is used to improve the hydrogen utilization rate, the humidifier is used to maintain the humidity balance inside the fuel cell, and the exhaust valve is used to discharge waste gas to prevent the internal pressure of the system from being too high.

[0044] The monitoring unit 50 includes an operation monitoring module 51, a preset parameter module 52, a visualization module 53, and a parameter adjustment module 54. The operation monitoring module 51 includes electrode end sensors, current sensors, and voltage sensors for detecting the operating state of the fuel cell, and obtains the electrode end, current, and voltage indicators of the fuel cell in real time. It also includes an image acquisition device for obtaining the real-time state of the fuel cell. The preset parameter module 52 is used to set the preset control target of the fuel cell, and establish a virtual simulation model of the fuel cell based on this control target and fuel cell parameters, and generate a three-dimensional data model for this model to facilitate intuitively obtaining the state of the fuel cell. The visualization module 53 is used to display various parameters of the fuel cell, and the parameter adjustment module 54 is used to automatically adjust various parameters of the fuel cell. By comparing the real-time data collected by the sensors with the preset control target, the parameters or operating mode of the system are automatically adjusted to ensure that the fuel cell reaches the expected performance and stable state.

[0045] When the present invention is working: The fuel cell stack 10 is responsible for the occurrence of the electrochemical reaction. The hydrogen supply unit 20 is used to adjust the pressure of hydrogen, humidify hydrogen, and timely supply sufficient hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 10. The air supply unit 30 is used to filter, humidify, and adjust the pressure of the air entering the fuel cell to ensure that the temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow rate on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 10 are maintained within the optimal range, thereby preventing insufficient supply of oxygen. The operation monitoring module 51 obtains the electrode end, current, and voltage indicators of the fuel cell in real time, and includes an image acquisition device for obtaining the real-time state of the fuel cell. The preset control target of the fuel cell is set through the preset parameter module 52, and a virtual simulation model of the fuel cell is established based on this control target and fuel cell parameters, and a three-dimensional data model is generated for this model to facilitate intuitively obtaining the state of the fuel cell. The visualization module 53 displays various parameters of the fuel cell, and the parameter adjustment module 54 automatically adjusts various parameters of the fuel cell. By comparing the real-time data collected by the sensors with the preset control target, the parameters or operating mode of the system are automatically adjusted to ensure that the fuel cell reaches the expected performance and stable state. The hydrothermal management unit 60 manages the heat generated by the fuel cell during operation and the internal water, and is used to keep the water and temperature required by the relevant modules inside the fuel cell system meet the requirements for its normal operation. The electronic control module 40, as an important part of the fuel cell control system, is responsible for intelligently regulating the coordinated work of the fuel cell stack 10 and its auxiliary equipment to ensure the stable operation of the fuel cell system.

[0046] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system, characterized in that: It is composed of a fuel cell stack (10), a hydrogen supply unit (20), an air supply unit (30), an electric control module (40), a monitoring unit (50) and a water and heat management unit (60); The hydrogen supply unit (20) is composed of a hydrogen cylinder (21), a pressure reducing valve (22), a solenoid valve (23), a hydrogen reflux pump (24) and a hydrogen concentration sensor (25); the air supply unit (30) is composed of an air filter (31), an air compressor (32) and an air humidifier (33); the monitoring unit (50) is composed of an operation monitoring module (51), a preset parameter module (52), a visualization module (53) and a parameter adjustment module (54); and the water and heat management unit (60) is composed of a water pump (61), a thermostat (62) and a deionizer (63); The hydrogen supply unit (20) and the air supply unit (30) constitute a gas supply unit, the monitoring unit (50) and the hydrothermal management unit (60) constitute a monitoring management unit, the electric control module (40), the gas supply unit, and the monitoring management unit are respectively electrically connected to the fuel cell stack (10), and the electric control module (40) controls the gas supply unit and the monitoring management unit respectively through the fuel cell stack (10).

2. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack (10) is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack responsible for the occurrence of electrochemical reactions. The fuel cell stack (10) is composed of a group of single cells stacked in series, each of which includes a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode three-in-one assembly, which are assembled through a process to form a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.

3. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply unit (20) composed of a hydrogen cylinder (21), a pressure reducing valve (22), a solenoid valve (23), a hydrogen reflux pump (24) and a hydrogen concentration sensor (25) is used to adjust the pressure of hydrogen, humidify hydrogen, and provide hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (10) in a timely manner.

4. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply unit (30) composed of an air filter (31), an air compressor (32) and an air humidifier (33) is used to filter, humidify and pressure-regulate the air entering the fuel cell, thereby ensuring the temperature, humidity, pressure and flow rate on the cathode side of the fuel cell stack (10).

5. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water heat management unit (60) composed of a water pump (61), a thermostat (62) and a deionizer (63) is responsible for managing the heat generated by the operation of the fuel cell and the water inside.

6. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: As an important component of the fuel cell control system, the electric control module (40) is responsible for intelligently regulating the coordinated work of the fuel cell stack (10) and the hydrogen supply unit (20), the air supply unit (30), the monitoring unit (50) and the water and heat management unit (60), thereby ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell system.

7. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation monitoring module (51) is composed of an electrode end sensor, a current sensor and a voltage sensor for detecting the operation status of the fuel cell, and acquires the electrode end, current and voltage indicators of the fuel cell in real time. The operation monitoring module (51) also includes an image acquisition device for acquiring the real-time status of the fuel cell.

8. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset parameter module (52) is used to set a preset control target of the fuel cell, and to establish a virtual simulation model of the fuel cell according to the control target and the fuel cell parameters, and to generate a three-dimensional data model for the model.

9. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visualization module (53) is used to display various parameters of the fuel cell.

10. The fuel cell real-time monitoring and closed-loop control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter adjustment module (54) is used to automatically adjust various parameters of the fuel cell, and automatically adjusts the system parameters and / or operation mode by comparing the real-time data collected by the sensor with the preset control target.

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