Storage battery repairing method and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a storage battery repairing method and equipment, and the method comprises the steps: determining a discharge parameter, a charge parameter and a test parameter according to the characteristic parameters of a storage battery; according to the discharging parameters and the charging parameters, the storage battery is repaired for the first time, and the storage battery repaired for the first time is obtained; according to the test parameters, testing the primarily repaired storage battery to obtain a primary test result for representing whether the capacity of the primarily repaired storage battery is successfully activated or not; when the initial test result is that the activation is successful, the storage battery is successfully repaired; when the primary test result is activation failure, according to the charging parameters and the test parameters, carrying out secondary repair and secondary test on the storage battery to obtain a secondary test result used for representing whether the capacity of the storage battery after secondary repair is successfully activated or not; when the secondary test result is that the activation is successful, the storage battery is successfully repaired; and when the secondary test result is activation failure, determining that the storage battery fails to be repaired. The service life of the storage battery can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery repair, and particularly to a battery repair method and device. Background Art

[0002] There are currently 37 electric battery engineering vehicles in the Guangzhou subway network, which will reach 51 in the long term. Among them, 17 electric engineering vehicles use DM400 traction batteries, 18 engineering vehicles use 4PzV440 batteries, and 2 engineering vehicles use 4EPzV400 batteries. Each engineering vehicle is equipped with at least 384 batteries, and the traction battery volume is huge. According to statistics, on average, 738 batteries in the network have unqualified capacity every year. The procurement cost of traction batteries is high. According to the current situation of the network batteries, it is estimated that 2 million yuan of procurement cost is required every year. The battery replacement cost is high, and the scrapping of batteries will also cause damage to the environment.

[0003] To solve the problem of low capacity of existing batteries, a battery activation process and technology are needed to test the feasibility of the capacity of the repaired batteries, activate the capacity of the batteries with a large decrease in capacity in the existing engineering vehicles, and test the repair effect of the batteries after capacity activation, so as to extend the service life of the batteries, enable them to continue to serve, and reduce the loss of direct scrapping of unqualified batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery repair method and device, which can repair batteries with unqualified capacity, test the capacity of the repaired batteries, extend the service life of the batteries, enable them to continue to serve, and reduce the loss of direct scrapping of unqualified batteries.

[0005] To achieve the above effects, the present invention is implemented according to the following scheme:

[0006] A battery repair method is provided, including:

[0007] Determine the discharge parameters, charge parameters and test parameters according to the characteristic parameters of the battery;

[0008] Perform primary repair on the battery according to the discharge parameters and the charge parameters to obtain the battery after primary repair;

[0009] Test the battery after primary repair according to the test parameters to obtain a primary test result for characterizing whether the capacity of the battery after primary repair is successfully activated;

[0010] When the primary test result is successful activation, the battery repair is successful;

[0011] When the initial test result is activation failure, according to the charging parameters and the test parameters, the storage battery is subjected to secondary repair and secondary test to obtain a secondary test result for characterizing whether the capacity of the storage battery after secondary repair is successfully activated;

[0012] When the secondary test result is activation success, the storage battery is successfully repaired; when the secondary test result is activation failure, the storage battery is repaired unsuccessfully.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of a storage battery repair method of the present invention are as follows: By determining the discharge, charging and test parameters according to the characteristic parameters of the storage battery, the storage battery is subjected to primary repair and test. If the primary repair fails, secondary repair and test are carried out, which can effectively activate the capacity of the storage battery, repair unqualified storage batteries, extend their service life, reduce the loss of direct scrapping of storage batteries, and at the same time reduce the procurement cost of storage batteries and the environmental damage caused by the scrapping of storage batteries.

[0014] Optionally, the characteristic parameters include battery capacity, discharge rate and charging rate;

[0015] Determining the discharge parameters, charging parameters and test parameters according to the characteristic parameters of the storage battery includes:

[0016] According to the battery capacity and the discharge rate, discharge parameters including a first discharge current and a second discharge current are determined;

[0017] According to the battery capacity and the charging rate, charging parameters including a first charging current and a second charging current are determined;

[0018] The first discharge current is used as the test parameter.

[0019] Optionally, according to the discharge parameters and the charging parameters, the storage battery is subjected to primary repair to obtain a storage battery after primary repair, including:

[0020] According to the discharge parameters, the storage battery is discharged to obtain a discharged storage battery;

[0021] According to the charging parameters, the discharged storage battery is slightly overcharged to obtain a storage battery after primary repair.

[0022] Optionally, the characteristic parameters further include a discharge cut-off voltage;

[0023] According to the discharge parameters, the storage battery is discharged to obtain a discharged storage battery, including:

[0024] The storage battery is initially discharged with the first discharge current until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage and then the discharge is stopped to obtain an initially discharged storage battery, and the initially discharged storage battery is left standing;

[0025] Perform secondary discharge on the initially discharged battery after standing, until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage and then stop discharging, to obtain a secondary discharged battery;

[0026] Let the secondary discharged battery stand to obtain the discharged battery.

[0027] Optionally, perform micro overcharge on the discharged battery according to the charging parameters to obtain a initially repaired battery, including:

[0028] Perform primary charge on the discharged battery with the first charging current until the primary charge duration is equal to the first preset duration and then stop charging, to obtain a primarily charged battery;

[0029] Perform secondary charge on the primarily charged battery with the second charging current until the secondary charge duration is equal to the second preset duration and then stop charging, to obtain a battery charged twice;

[0030] Let the battery charged twice stand to obtain the initially repaired battery.

[0031] Optionally, the capacity of the initially repaired battery is 1.2 times the battery capacity.

[0032] Optionally, perform testing on the initially repaired battery according to the testing parameters to obtain a primary test result for characterizing whether the capacity of the initially repaired battery is successfully activated, including:

[0033] Discharge the initially repaired battery with the first discharge current until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage and then stop testing, and determine the testing duration;

[0034] When the testing duration is less than or equal to the third preset duration, the primary test result is activation failure;

[0035] When the testing duration is greater than the third preset duration, the primary test result is activation success.

[0036] Optionally, perform secondary repair and secondary testing on the battery according to the charging parameters and the testing parameters to obtain a secondary test result for characterizing whether the capacity of the secondary repaired battery is successfully activated, including:

[0037] Perform primary charge on the initially repaired battery with the first charging current until the primary charge duration is equal to the first preset duration and then stop charging, to obtain a primarily charged battery;

[0038] The primary charged battery is recharged with the second charging current until the recharging duration is equal to the second preset duration, and then the charging is stopped to obtain a battery that has been charged twice.

[0039] The battery that has been charged twice is left standing to obtain a battery after secondary repair.

[0040] According to the test parameters, the battery after secondary repair is tested to obtain the secondary test result.

[0041] Optionally, testing the battery after secondary repair according to the test parameters to obtain the secondary test result includes:

[0042] Discharging the battery after secondary repair with the first discharge current until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage, and then stopping the test to determine the test duration.

[0043] When the test duration is less than or equal to the third preset duration, the secondary test result is activation failure.

[0044] When the test duration is greater than the third preset duration, the secondary test result is activation success.

[0045] There is also provided a computer device, including a processor and a memory. At least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the battery repair method described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the battery repair method of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 1 ;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 2 ;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 3 ;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 4 ;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 5 ;

[0052] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 6 ;

[0053] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 7 ;

[0054] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 8 ;

[0055] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 9 ;

[0056] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 10 ;

[0057] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of experimental data Figure 10 One. Specific implementation manners

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0059] When the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] See Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for repairing a storage battery, including:

[0061] S1: Determine the discharge parameters, charging parameters, and test parameters according to the characteristic parameters of the storage battery. Among them, the characteristic parameters are the characteristics corresponding to the storage battery to be repaired, including the battery capacity, discharge rate, charging rate, and discharge cut-off voltage of the storage battery. The discharge parameters are used to fully discharge the storage battery to be repaired, the charging parameters are used to slightly overcharge the fully discharged storage battery, and the test parameters are used to test the activated storage battery to test whether the activated storage battery is qualified, that is, to confirm whether the activated storage battery can be put into the actual application process of the engineering vehicle, thereby reducing the number of directly scrapped storage batteries, extending the service life of the storage battery, reducing the loss of direct scrapping of the storage battery, reducing the procurement cost of the storage battery, and the environmental damage caused by the scrapping of the storage battery.

[0062] Determine the discharge parameters, charging parameters, and test parameters according to the characteristic parameters of the storage battery, including:

[0063] Determine the discharge parameters including the first discharge current and the second discharge current according to the battery capacity and the discharge rate. The mathematical relationship among the battery capacity, discharge rate, and discharge current is: battery capacity = discharge rate * discharge current. That is, on the basis of the same battery capacity of the storage battery, the discharge current changes with the discharge rate. During the process of fully discharging the storage battery, if a large current is used to discharge the storage battery, it will cause insufficient discharge of the storage battery. If a small current is used to discharge the storage battery, it will cause too long discharge time, resulting in low activation efficiency. Therefore, during the activation process, two different sizes of discharge currents are used, where the first discharge current is greater than the second discharge current, so as to continue to use a small current to fully discharge the storage battery after discharging the storage battery with a large current, ensuring the discharge effect of the storage battery.

[0064] Determine the charging parameters including the first charging current and the second charging current according to the battery capacity and the charging rate. The mathematical relationship among the battery capacity, charging rate, and charging current is: battery capacity = charging rate * charging current. That is, on the basis of the same battery capacity of the storage battery, the charging current changes with the charging rate. During the process of slightly overcharging the storage battery, if a large current is used to charge the storage battery, it will cause the storage battery to heat up. If a small current is used to charge the storage battery, it will cause too long charging time, resulting in low activation efficiency. Therefore, during the activation process, two different sizes of charging currents are used, where the first charging current is greater than the second charging current, so as to continue to charge the storage battery with a small current after charging the storage battery with a large current to a certain capacity, controlling the temperature of the storage battery during the process of slight overcharging while ensuring the slight overcharging effect of the storage battery.

[0065] Taking the first discharge current as a test parameter to test the activation effect of the storage battery is to judge whether the discharge effect of the storage battery reaches the expected state. Therefore, testing the activation effect of the storage battery is equivalent to discharging the storage battery. During the test, it is not necessary to fully discharge. Therefore, in order to ensure the test efficiency, the first discharge current is used as the test parameter to improve the test speed.

[0066] S2: According to the discharge parameters and charging parameters, perform the initial repair on the storage battery to obtain the storage battery after the initial repair, including:

[0067] Discharge the storage battery according to the discharge parameters to obtain the discharged storage battery, including:

[0068] First, discharge the storage battery with a large current, that is, perform the initial discharge on the storage battery with the first discharge current until the voltage of the storage battery is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage and then stop discharging to obtain the initially discharged storage battery. At this time, the storage battery is not fully discharged and needs to be statically placed to ensure that a new stable state is formed inside the colloidal electrolyte of the storage battery. The specific operation of static placement is to cut off the power supply of the storage battery, that is, not to charge or discharge the storage battery.

[0069] Then, discharge the storage battery with a small current, that is, perform the secondary discharge on the initially discharged storage battery after static placement with the second discharge current until the voltage of the storage battery is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage and then stop discharging to obtain the secondarily discharged storage battery. At this time, the storage battery has been fully discharged.

[0070] Finally, statically place the secondarily discharged storage battery to obtain the discharged storage battery to ensure that a new stable state is formed inside the colloidal electrolyte of the fully discharged storage battery, that is, the storage battery returns from the discharge state to the stable state at the end of discharge. The specific operation of static placement is to cut off the power supply of the storage battery, that is, not to charge or discharge the storage battery; after the initial discharge and secondary discharge of the storage battery, it is necessary to statically place the storage battery. After the initial discharge, the storage battery needs to be secondarily discharged, and the static placement after the secondary discharge is to ensure that the storage battery returns from the discharge state to the stable state at the end of discharge. Therefore, the static placement time of the storage battery after the initial discharge is less than the static placement time after the secondary discharge, which can effectively shorten the discharge process time, improve the discharge efficiency, and further improve the storage battery repair efficiency.

[0071] The above discharge process of the storage battery is the discharge process of a single storage battery cell. In actual application, the traction of the engineering vehicle is achieved by multiple storage batteries, and the storage batteries work as a whole group, that is, when charging and discharging the whole group of storage batteries (multiple storage batteries), the whole group of storage batteries (multiple storage batteries) are charged and discharged together.

[0072] When discharging a whole set of storage batteries, the discharge cut-off voltage is the discharge cut-off voltage of a single storage battery * the number of single storage batteries; and due to the individual differences among multiple storage batteries in the whole set of storage batteries, when the whole set of storage batteries reaches the discharge cut-off voltage, there must be some single storage batteries in an over-discharged state, that is, the voltage of the single storage battery is lower than its discharge cut-off voltage, while some single storage batteries are in an under-discharged state, that is, the voltage of the single storage battery is higher than its discharge cut-off voltage. Therefore, when discharging the whole set of storage batteries, in order to achieve consistent deep discharge of all single storage batteries, when a certain single storage battery in the whole set of storage batteries reaches its discharge cut-off voltage, this single storage battery is disconnected from this set of storage batteries. The specific operation of disconnection is to jump-connect this single storage battery to avoid over-discharging of this single storage battery.

[0073] According to the charging parameters, the discharged storage battery is slightly overcharged to obtain the storage battery after primary repair, including:

[0074] First, charge the storage battery with a large current, that is, perform primary charging on the discharged storage battery with the first charging current until the primary charging duration is equal to the first preset duration and then stop charging to obtain the initially charged storage battery; charging the storage battery with the first charging current (large current) will result in a faster charging speed compared to a small current, but this will cause the storage battery to heat up during the charging process. Therefore, after charging the storage battery to 60% of its capacity, continue to charge the initially charged storage battery with a small current. While controlling the temperature of the storage battery during slight overcharging of the storage battery, it will not always charge the storage battery with a small current, resulting in an overly slow charging speed and thus low repair efficiency of the storage battery; at this time, the capacity of the initially charged storage battery is 0.6 times the battery capacity of the storage battery; the mathematical relationship among the battery capacity of the storage battery, the first charging current, and the first preset duration is: 0.6 * battery capacity = first charging current * first preset duration.

[0075] Then, charge the storage battery with a small current, that is, perform secondary charging on the initially charged storage battery with the second charging current until the secondary charging duration is equal to the second preset duration and then stop charging to obtain the storage battery after two chargings; by charging the storage battery with the second charging current (small current), its charging speed is slower compared to a large current, but this can control the temperature that rises during the primary charging process of the storage battery and avoid continuous heating of the storage battery. During the secondary charging process, the charging amount of the storage battery is also 60% of its capacity. At this time, the charging amount of the initially charged storage battery is 0.6 times the battery capacity of the storage battery, that is, the capacity of the storage battery after two chargings is 1.2 times the battery capacity of the storage battery; the mathematical relationship among the battery capacity of the storage battery, the second charging current, and the second preset duration is: 0.6 * battery capacity = second charging current * second preset duration.

[0076] The capacity attenuation of the storage battery in the prior art is mainly due to the irreversible consumption of materials such as α-PbO in the storage battery plates. 2 α-PbO 2 is the skeleton of the active substances inside the storage battery. It has a relatively small capacity and high structural strength. After the storage battery is deeply discharged, α-PbO 2 participates in the discharge to generate lead sulfate PbSO 4 and can only generate β-PbO 2 . In addition, during the charge and discharge process of the storage battery, the lead sulfate PbSO 4 formed on the storage battery plates crystallizes and cannot be reversed into PbO 2 , reducing the amount of PbO 2 that can participate in the reaction, thereby causing the capacity of the storage battery to continuously decline. By performing primary charging and secondary charging on the storage battery, a chemical reaction will occur inside the storage battery to convert the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 back into lead dioxide PbO 2 . That is, the micro overcharge process includes a process of activating the active substances inside the storage battery. That is, by performing micro overcharge on the storage battery, the capacity of the storage battery can be repaired.

[0077] After performing micro overcharge on the storage battery, even if the storage battery is initially charged with a large current and then secondarily charged with a small current, the storage battery will still heat up during the entire micro overcharge process. Therefore, the storage battery needs a certain amount of time to cool down. And during the charging process of the storage battery and for some time after charging, there is a chemical reaction in which the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 inside the storage battery are converted back into lead dioxide PbO 2 . Therefore, after obtaining the storage battery that has been charged twice, the storage battery that has been charged twice needs to be left standing to obtain the storage battery after the initial repair to ensure the stability of the physical and chemical properties inside the colloidal electrolyte of the storage battery after the initial repair, that is, to ensure that the chemical reaction in which the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 inside the storage battery are converted back into lead dioxide PbO 2 proceeds fully and to eliminate the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 on the storage battery plates.

[0078] S3: According to the test parameters, test the storage battery after the initial repair to obtain the initial test result for characterizing whether the capacity of the storage battery after the initial repair is successfully activated, including:

[0079] During the test, it is not necessary to fully discharge. Therefore, to ensure the test efficiency, the first discharge current is used as the test parameter to increase the test speed. That is, the battery after initial repair is discharged with the first discharge current until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage, and then the test is stopped to determine the test duration. That is, the battery after initial repair is discharged with a constant first discharge current, and the capacity that the battery can discharge when it is discharged to its discharge cut-off voltage is recorded. The mathematical relationship between it, the first discharge current, and the test duration is: battery discharge capacity = first discharge current * test duration.

[0080] When the test duration is less than or equal to the third preset duration, it means that the battery after initial repair cannot discharge 60% of its battery capacity within the third preset duration. Then the initial test result at this time is activation failure, and the battery capacity at this time has not recovered to the capacity that can be put into actual use after initial repair. When the test duration is greater than the third preset duration, it means that the battery after initial repair can discharge 60% of its battery capacity within the third preset duration. Then the initial test result at this time is activation success, and the battery capacity at this time has recovered to the capacity that can be put into actual use.

[0081] When testing the activation effect of a whole group of batteries, the discharge cut-off condition is the discharge cut-off voltage of a single battery * the number of battery monomers. When the voltage of the whole group of batteries reaches the discharge cut-off voltage of a single battery * the number of battery monomers, the test ends.

[0082] During the entire test process, if the battery temperature exceeds 45°C, the test of the battery should be stopped until the battery temperature returns to be close to room temperature. The test ambient temperature should be between 20 - 30°C.

[0083] S4: Determine whether the initial test result is activation success; if it is yes, that is, the initial test result is activation success at this time, indicating that the battery repair is successful; if it is no, that is, the initial test result is activation failure at this time, indicating that the battery repair fails, then step S5 is executed.

[0084] When the battery is initially repaired, its capacity fails to recover to the capacity that can be put into actual use. It may be because during the micro overcharge process, there are still some lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 not converted into lead dioxide PbO 2 , that is, some lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 cannot be eliminated during the initial repair process. Therefore, the battery needs to be repaired for the second time.

[0085] S5: According to the charging parameters and test parameters, perform secondary repair and secondary test on the storage battery to obtain a secondary test result for characterizing whether the capacity of the storage battery after secondary repair is successfully activated, including:

[0086] S5.1: Perform secondary repair on the storage battery, including:

[0087] When testing the storage battery after primary repair, the storage battery after primary repair has been discharged. Therefore, during secondary repair, there is no need to perform the full discharge process in primary repair. Instead, directly charge the storage battery with a large current, that is, perform primary charging on the storage battery after primary repair with the first charging current until the primary charging duration is equal to the first preset duration and then stop charging to obtain a primarily charged storage battery; charging the storage battery with the first charging current (large current), the charging speed is faster than that with a small current, but this will cause the storage battery to heat up during charging. Therefore, after charging the storage battery to 60% of its capacity, continue to charge the primarily charged storage battery with a small current to control the temperature of the storage battery during slight overcharging, and at the same time, it will not always charge the storage battery with a small current, resulting in too slow a charging speed and thus low storage battery repair efficiency; at this time, the capacity of the primarily charged storage battery is 0.6 times the battery capacity of the storage battery; the mathematical relationship among the battery capacity of the storage battery, the first charging current, and the first preset duration is: 0.6 * battery capacity = first charging current * first preset duration.

[0088] Then charge the storage battery with a small current, that is, perform secondary charging on the primarily charged storage battery with the second charging current until the secondary charging duration is equal to the second preset duration and then stop charging to obtain a storage battery charged twice; by charging the storage battery with the second charging current (small current), its charging speed is slower than that with a large current, but this can control the temperature that rises during the primary charging process of the storage battery and prevent the storage battery from continuously heating. During the secondary charging process, the charging amount of the storage battery is also 60% of its capacity. At this time, the charging amount of the primarily charged storage battery is 0.6 times the battery capacity of the storage battery, that is, the capacity of the storage battery charged twice is 1.2 times the battery capacity of the storage battery; the mathematical relationship among the battery capacity of the storage battery, the second charging current, and the second preset duration is: 0.6 * battery capacity = second charging current * second preset duration.

[0089] The capacity attenuation of the storage battery in the prior art is mainly due to the irreversible consumption of materials such as α-PbO in the storage battery plates 2 and so on. α-PbO 2 is the framework of the active substances inside the storage battery. Its capacity is relatively small and its structural strength is high; after the storage battery is deeply discharged, α-PbO with a framework function 2 participates in the discharge to generate lead sulfate PbSO 4After that, only β-PbO can be generated. 2 ; In addition, during the charge and discharge process of the storage battery, lead sulfate PbSO 4 crystallizes on the storage battery plates and cannot be reversed to PbO 2 , reducing the amount of PbO 2 that can participate in the reaction, thereby causing the capacity of the storage battery to continuously decline; By performing the primary charge and secondary charge on the storage battery, a chemical reaction will occur inside the storage battery to reconvert the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 back to lead dioxide PbO 2 . That is, the micro overcharge process includes the process of activating the active substances inside the storage battery. That is, by performing a micro overcharge on the storage battery, the capacity of the storage battery can be repaired.

[0090] After performing a micro overcharge on the storage battery, even if the storage battery is initially charged with a large current and then secondarily charged with a small current, the storage battery will still heat up during the entire micro overcharge process. Therefore, the storage battery needs a certain amount of time to cool down; And during the charging process of the storage battery and for some time after charging, there is a chemical reaction in which the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 inside the storage battery are reconverted to lead dioxide PbO 2 . Therefore, after obtaining the storage battery that has been charged twice, the storage battery that has been charged twice needs to be left standing to obtain the storage battery after secondary repair to ensure the stability of the physical and chemical properties inside the colloidal electrolyte of the storage battery after secondary repair, that is, to ensure that the chemical reaction in which the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 inside the storage battery are reconverted to lead dioxide PbO 2 proceeds fully and to eliminate the lead sulfate crystals PbSO 4 on the storage battery plates.

[0091] S5.2: Perform a secondary test on the storage battery, including:

[0092] During the test, it is not necessary to fully discharge. Therefore, in order to ensure the test efficiency, the first discharge current is used as the test parameter to increase the test speed. That is, the storage battery after secondary repair is discharged with the first discharge current until the voltage of the storage battery is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage and then the test is stopped to determine the test duration; That is, the storage battery after secondary repair is discharged with a constant first discharge current, and the capacity that the storage battery can discharge when it is discharged to its discharge cut-off voltage is recorded. The mathematical relationship between it and the first discharge current and the test duration is: the capacity discharged by the storage battery = the first discharge current * the test duration.

[0093] When the test duration is less than or equal to the third preset duration, it means that the secondary-repaired battery cannot discharge 60% of its battery capacity within the third preset duration. In this case, the secondary test result is activation failure, and the battery capacity at this time has not been restored to the capacity that can be put into actual use after secondary repair. That is, after the initial repair and secondary repair of the battery capacity, it has not been able to be restored to the capacity that can be put into actual use. When the test duration is greater than the third preset duration, it means that the secondary-repaired battery can discharge 60% of its battery capacity within the third preset duration. In this case, the secondary test result is activation success, and the battery capacity at this time has been restored to the capacity that can be put into actual use after secondary repair.

[0094] During the entire test process, if the battery temperature exceeds 45°C, the test of the battery should be stopped until the battery temperature returns close to room temperature. The ambient temperature for the test should be between 20 - 30°C.

[0095] S6: Determine whether the secondary test result is activation success. If it is, that is, the secondary test result is activation success at this time, indicating that the battery repair is successful, that is, the battery capacity has been restored to the capacity that can be put into actual use after the initial repair and secondary repair. If it is not, that is, the secondary test result is activation failure at this time, indicating that the battery repair fails, that is, the battery capacity has still not been able to be restored to the capacity that can be put into actual use after the initial repair and secondary repair.

[0096] By performing secondary repair on the battery that failed the initial repair, that is, performing secondary micro overcharge on the battery that failed the initial repair, the lead sulfate crystals PbSO that were not fully decomposed during the micro overcharge of the initial repair 4 can be secondarily decomposed, thus achieving a better repair effect. However, because performing micro overcharge on the battery will cause a certain degree of water loss in the battery colloidal electrolyte, so the battery cannot be micro overcharged too much. In the present invention, the battery can be repaired at most twice, that is, the battery can be micro overcharged at most twice, to avoid excessive water loss in the battery colloidal electrolyte and affect the repair effect of the battery.

[0097] Suppose a storage battery with a battery capacity of 440 Ah, discharge rates of I5 and I10, charge rates of I5 and I20, and a discharge cut-off voltage of 1.7 V is to be repaired. Determine the discharge parameters, charge parameters, and test parameters, including: The calculation formula for the first discharge current is: 440 / 5 = 88 A, and the discharge rate is I5, that is, the storage battery discharges at a discharge rate of 5 hours, so the first discharge current is 88 A; The calculation formula for the second discharge current is: 440 / 10 = 44 A, and the discharge rate is I10, that is, the storage battery discharges at a discharge rate of 10 hours, so the second discharge current is 44 A; The calculation formula for the first charge current is: 440 / 5 = 88 A, and the charge rate is I5, that is, the storage battery charges at a charge rate of 5 hours, so the first charge current is 88 A; The calculation formula for the second charge current is: 440 / 20 = 22 A, and the charge rate is I20, that is, the storage battery charges at a charge rate of 20 hours, so the second charge current is 22 A; The test parameter is the first discharge current, that is, the storage battery is discharged and tested with a current of 88 A to confirm whether the repair of the storage battery is successful.

[0098] The repair process of the storage battery will be described in detail below in combination with the first discharge current of 88 A, the second discharge current of 44 A, the first charge current of 88 A, the second charge current of 22 A, and the test parameter of 88 A:

[0099] First, fully discharge the storage battery. Specifically: Initially discharge the storage battery with the first discharge current of 88 A until the voltage of the storage battery reaches its discharge cut-off voltage of 1.7 V, then stop discharging the storage battery to obtain the initially discharged storage battery, and let the initially discharged storage battery stand; Discharge the initially discharged storage battery that has been standing with the second discharge current of 44 A until the voltage of the storage battery reaches its discharge cut-off voltage of 1.7 V, then stop discharging the storage battery to obtain the secondarily discharged storage battery, and let the secondarily discharged storage battery stand to obtain the discharged storage battery. At this time, the storage battery has been fully discharged.

[0100] Next, the fully discharged battery is slightly overcharged, specifically: the battery is initially charged with a first charging current of 88 A until the initial charging duration is equal to the first preset duration. The calculation formula for the first preset duration is 0.6 * 440 Ah / 88 A = 3 h, that is, the first preset duration is 3 hours. That is to say, after charging the battery for 3 hours, stop charging it with the first charging current to obtain an initially charged battery with a capacity of 264 Ah (0.6 * 440 Ah); the initially charged battery is secondarily charged with a second charging current of 22 A until the secondary charging duration is equal to the second preset duration. The calculation formula for the second preset duration is 0.6 * 440 Ah / 22 A = 12 h, that is, the second preset duration is 12 hours. That is to say, after charging the initially charged battery for 12 hours, stop charging it with the second charging current to obtain a twice-charged battery with a capacity of 528 Ah (1.2 * 440 Ah); after the twice-charged battery with a capacity of 528 Ah (1.2 * 440 Ah) is left standing, the initially repaired battery is obtained.

[0101] Next, a discharge test is carried out on the initially repaired battery, specifically: the battery is initially discharged with a first discharge current of 88 A until the battery voltage reaches its discharge cut-off voltage of 1.7 V, and then the discharge duration is taken as the test duration. When the test duration is less than or equal to the third preset duration, it means that the capacity of the battery has not been successfully activated after the initial repair. When the test duration is greater than the third preset duration, it means that the capacity of the battery has been successfully activated after the initial repair. The calculation formula for the third preset duration is: 0.6 * 440 Ah / 88 A = 3 h, that is, the third preset duration is 3 hours. That is to say, when the battery can discharge a capacity of 264 Ah (0.6 * 440 Ah) at a current of 88 A for 3 hours during the test, it means that the capacity of the battery has been successfully activated after the initial repair. When the discharge duration of the battery during the test at a current of 88 A is less than 3 hours and the discharged capacity is less than 264 Ah (0.6 * 440 Ah), it means that the capacity of the battery has not been successfully activated after the initial repair.

[0102] For the battery with failed initial repair, repeat the above process of slight overcharging. After the battery is secondarily repaired, repeat the above process of discharge test for the secondarily repaired battery, and conduct a repair effect test on the secondarily repaired battery.

[0103] Next, in combination with specific experimental data, the repair effect of a battery repair method provided by the present invention is verified and described:

[0104] Select 48 batteries to be repaired. After these batteries are charged and discharged, the cut-off voltage of each single cell is lower than 1.7 V, that is, relatively backward batteries are selected for verification of the repair effect.

[0105] To study the repair success rate of batteries with different discharge cut-off voltages (characteristic parameters), batteries with four discharge cut-off voltage levels of 0 - 0.5V, 0.5 - 1V, 1 - 1.5V, and 1.5 - 1.7V were selected respectively. See Figure 2 As shown, among 48 batteries, 6 batteries were selected for verification of the repair effect in the laboratory, and 42 batteries were sent back to the factory in the charging area for verification of the repair effect.

[0106] See Figures 3-4 As shown, the repair effects of the 6 batteries in the laboratory are as follows:

[0107] According to the analysis of the data recorded by the laboratory recorder, the capacity of the 6 batteries before repair was 178Ah. After repair, the battery capacity increased to 358Ah, and the remaining capacity increased from 40.58% to 81.36%. The capacity increase was relatively obvious; the repair data in the second round (secondary repair) did not show a significant increase compared to the repair data in the first round (primary repair), that is, only one repair of the battery is required.

[0108] See Figures 5-6 As shown, the verification of the repair effect of the 42 batteries sent back to the factory in the charging area is as follows:

[0109] According to the analysis of the discharge data of the batteries in the charging area, the discharge duration of the 42 batteries before repair was 2.37h, and the capacity was 190Ah. After repair, the capacity of the batteries was activated, and the discharge duration after activation could reach 4h 20min, and the discharged capacity increased to 352Ah. The remaining capacity increased from 43.18% to 80%. The capacity was significantly increased compared to before repair.

[0110] Through the above data, it can be obtained that a battery repair method provided by the present invention can activate the capacity of the battery to restore a certain capacity, and its repair success rate reaches 95.83%, and it is effective for batteries in different discharge cut-off voltage ranges.

[0111] See Figures 7-9 As shown, it is the comparison data of the capacity activation of 48 batteries with a discharge cut-off voltage of 1.5 - 1.7V and an average battery capacity of 188Ah before and after activation.

[0112] Before activation (before repair), the discharge cut-off voltage of the 48 - cell battery is lower than 1.7V, the discharge duration is 2.36h, and the capacity is 188Ah. After activating the battery capacity by the battery repair method of the present invention, the discharge duration of the battery is increased to 4h, and the discharge cut-off voltage of all batteries is higher than 1.7V. The discharged capacity is 320ah, and the remaining capacity is increased from 42.7% to 72.7%. It can be considered that after the battery is repaired and applied to the actual engineering vehicle, the repair success rate of the 48 - cell battery is 100%.

[0113] See Figure 10 As shown, it is the battery tracking effect after the first vehicle is repaired.

[0114] The battery activation work of vehicle D021 was completed on July 30, 2024, and it started to be put into normal use in August. By sorting out the operation data of the main line in the past two months and comparing it with the operation data of the battery before activation, it can be known that:

[0115] After the battery of vehicle D021 is activated, there is no battery under - voltage alarm situation, reducing the risk of the locomotive slipping due to battery under - voltage under climbing conditions.

[0116] According to the previous battery operation experience, when the battery capacity is lower than 70%, the locomotive is prone to a large - range battery under - voltage alarm phenomenon. However, when the battery capacity of vehicle D021 is 60%, there is still no battery under - voltage alarm, indicating that battery repair can, to a certain extent, eliminate the internal imbalance state of the battery and effectively improve the overall performance of the battery.

[0117] Select the operation of transporting track materials on September 9 (after activation, the power consumption is 41%) and the operation of transporting tracks on March 1 (before activation) for comparative analysis before and after activation:

[0118] See Figure 11 As shown, the operation data of the battery before and after activation is compared and analyzed:

[0119] Before capacity activation (before repair), the operation duration of vehicle D021 is 2.5h, and the capacity in the later stage of operation is 76.9%. Its voltage is basically in the under - voltage alarm state (continuous under - voltage alarm for 12S). After capacity activation (after repair), the operation duration of vehicle D021 is 5h, which is more than twice that before repair. The overall downward trend of the battery voltage of vehicle D021 is relatively gentle, and when the capacity is 60% in the later stage of operation, its voltage basically remains at about 800V, and there is no battery under - voltage alarm.

[0120] See Figure 12 As shown, the capacitance and current data of the battery for two operations before and after activation are compared and analyzed:

[0121] Before capacity activation (before repair), the operation duration of vehicle D021 was 2.5 h, and the capacity decreased significantly under the condition of large current discharge at 209A (the cumulative time with current exceeding 200A was 16 s); after capacity activation (after repair), the operation duration of vehicle D021 was 5 h, which was more than twice that before repair. There were multiple large current discharge situations during the operation (the maximum discharge current was 345A, and the cumulative time with current exceeding 200A was 145 s). In the usage scenario with a larger discharge current and a longer duration of large current discharge conditions, the locomotive no longer reported low voltage alarms, indicating that the battery repair can effectively restore the battery capacity, better adapt to the large gradient conditions of the existing line, extend the battery life, and reduce the losses caused by direct battery scrapping.

[0122] The above experimental data can prove that the battery repair method provided by the present invention can be effectively applied to the batteries in actual engineering vehicles, can effectively improve the battery capacity and discharge duration, extend the service life of the battery, reduce the losses caused by direct battery scrapping, and at the same time reduce the procurement cost of the battery and the environmental damage caused by battery scrapping.

[0123] The present invention also provides a computer device, including a processor and a memory. At least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above battery repair method.

[0124] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.

[0125] The memory can be used to store the computer programs or modules. By running or executing the computer programs or modules stored in the memory and invoking the data stored in the memory, the processor realizes various functions of the battery repair method. The memory mainly includes a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area can store an operating system, application programs required for at least one function, etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the mobile phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a Flash Card, at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0126] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery repair method, characterized in that: include: Determine the discharge parameters, charge parameters and test parameters according to the characteristic parameters of the battery; Performing initial repair on the battery according to the discharge parameters and the charge parameters to obtain an initially repaired battery; According to the test parameters, the battery after the initial repair is tested to obtain an initial test result for indicating whether the capacity of the battery after the initial repair is successfully activated; When the initial test result is successful activation, the battery is repaired successfully; When the initial test result is activation failure, the battery is repaired and tested again according to the charging parameters and the test parameters to obtain a secondary test result indicating whether the capacity of the battery after the secondary repair is successfully activated; When the secondary test result is successful activation, the battery is repaired successfully; When the secondary test result is activation failure, the battery repair fails.

2. A battery repair method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic parameters include battery capacity, discharge rate and charge rate; According to the characteristic parameters of the battery, determine the discharge parameters, charging parameters and test parameters, including: Determining discharge parameters including a first discharge current and a second discharge current according to the battery capacity and the discharge rate; Determining charging parameters including a first charging current and a second charging current according to the battery capacity and the charging rate; The first discharge current is used as the test parameter.

3. A battery repair method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Performing initial repair on the battery according to the discharge parameter and the charge parameter to obtain the initially repaired battery includes: Discharging the battery according to the discharge parameters to obtain a discharged battery; According to the charging parameters, the discharged storage battery is slightly overcharged to obtain a storage battery after initial repair.

4. A battery repair method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The characteristic parameters also include discharge cut-off voltage; Discharging the battery according to the discharge parameter to obtain a discharged battery includes: Performing initial discharge on the battery with the first discharge current until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage and then stopping the discharge to obtain an initial discharge battery, and allowing the initial discharge battery to stand; The first discharge battery is subjected to a second discharge with the second discharge current after being left at rest, and the discharge is stopped after the battery voltage becomes equal to the discharge cut-off voltage, thereby obtaining a second discharge battery; The secondary discharge battery is left to stand to obtain the discharged battery.

5. A battery repair method according to claim 4, characterized in that: According to the charging parameters, the discharged storage battery is slightly overcharged to obtain a storage battery after initial repair, including: Performing initial charging of the discharged storage battery with the first charging current until the initial charging time is equal to the first preset time, and then stopping the charging to obtain an initially charged storage battery; The first-charged storage battery is recharged with the second charging current until the second-charge time is equal to the second preset time, and then the charging is stopped to obtain a twice-charged storage battery; The twice-charged storage battery is left to stand to obtain the storage battery after the initial repair.

6. A battery repair method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery capacity after the initial repair is 1.2 times the battery capacity.

7. A battery repair method according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the test parameters, the battery after the initial repair is tested to obtain an initial test result for indicating whether the capacity of the battery after the initial repair is successfully activated, including: Discharging the initially repaired battery with the first discharge current until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage, then stopping the test and determining the test duration; When the test duration is less than or equal to the third preset duration, the initial test result is activation failure; When the test duration is greater than the third preset duration, the initial test result is successful activation.

8. A battery repair method according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the charging parameters and the test parameters, the battery is repaired and tested for a second time to obtain a second test result for indicating whether the capacity of the battery after the second repair is successfully activated, including: Performing initial charging on the initially repaired storage battery with the first charging current until the initial charging duration is equal to the first preset duration and then stopping the charging to obtain an initially charged storage battery; The first-charged storage battery is recharged with the second charging current until the second-charge time is equal to the second preset time, and then the charging is stopped to obtain a twice-charged storage battery; The twice-charged storage battery is left to stand to obtain a second-repaired storage battery; The secondary repaired battery is tested according to the test parameters to obtain the secondary test result.

9. A battery repair method according to claim 8, characterized in that: According to the test parameters, the secondary repaired battery is tested to obtain the secondary test result, including: Discharging the second-repaired battery with the first discharge current until the battery voltage is equal to the discharge cut-off voltage, then stopping the test and determining the test duration; When the test duration is less than or equal to the third preset duration, the secondary test result is activation failure; When the test duration is greater than the third preset duration, the secondary test result is successful activation.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the battery repair method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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