Lead-acid battery pack charging method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a lead-acid battery pack charging method and system. The method comprises the following steps: determining a charging target function value based on charging parameters of a lead-acid battery pack; determining a final charging rate based on the charging target function value, and performing first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; whether the electric quantity of the lead-acid battery pack charged at the first stage is larger than a first preset value or not is judged, and if the electric quantity of the lead-acid battery pack charged at the first stage is larger than the first preset value, the lead-acid battery pack continues to be charged at the second stage; and judging whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than a second preset value, and if the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than the second preset value, continuously performing third-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed, according to the invention, the safety of the battery is ensured, and the charging speed is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery charging, and particularly relates to a charging method and system for a lead-acid battery pack. Background Art

[0002] At present, more than 80% of electric two-wheelers and three-wheelers on the market are powered by lead-acid battery packs. The damage of lead-acid battery packs mostly occurs during the charging process, mainly caused by overcharging, because there is a lack of control during the charging process. For example, when a single battery has reached the condition for stopping charging, that is, it has reached the allowed maximum temperature and maximum voltage, or the total voltage of the overall battery pack has not reached, continuing to charge will cause damage to a single battery.

[0003] For the charging methods in the prior art, they usually charge in a constant current direct charging manner. At the same time, there are also charging methods that change the charging rate. However, the above charging methods cannot effectively ensure the safety of the battery during the charging process, and the charging time required for the battery is also relatively long, affecting the normal use process of the battery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a charging method and system for a lead-acid battery pack to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides the following technical solution. A charging method for a lead-acid battery pack includes: Determining a charging target function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack; Determining a final charging rate based on the charging target function value, and performing a first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; Judging whether the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than a first preset value. If the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than the first preset value, then continue to perform a second-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack; Judging whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than a second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than the second preset value, then continue to perform a third-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, the present invention determines the charging target function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack; then determines the final charging rate based on the charging target function value, and performs the first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; then determines whether the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than a first preset value. If the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than the first preset value, continue to perform the second-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack; finally, determine whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than a second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than the second preset value, continue to perform the third-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed. During the first-stage charging process of the present invention, rapid charging can be achieved while ensuring safety. Then, the second-stage charging process is carried out to eliminate the battery polarization phenomenon, improve the charging effect, reduce the battery electrolyte temperature, extend the battery life, reduce gas evolution, and protect the battery. Then, the third-stage charging process is carried out to maintain the depolarization effect on the battery, further ensuring the safety of the battery and effectively improving the charging speed at the same time.

[0007] Preferably, the step of determining the charging target function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack includes: Calculating the first charging target function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack : ; In the formula, represents the charging power of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the available capacity actually measured of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the initial ratio of the remaining power to the available capacity of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack; Calculating the second charging target function value : ; In the formula, represents the minimum charging amount of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, respectively represent the maximum and minimum charging times of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the charging time of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack; Calculating the third charging target function value : ; In the formula, Indicates the first The maximum charge capacity of a lead-acid battery, Respectively represent the first The maximum and minimum values ​​of the charging temperature increase of a lead-acid battery. Indicates the first The charging temperature increase of a lead-acid battery.

[0008] Preferably, the step of determining a final charging rate based on the charging objective function value and performing a first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate includes: Determine the charging rate range and divide the first stage charging process into several sub-charging processes; Decomposing the charging rate range into a plurality of undetermined charging rates based on the minimum rate level, arranging the plurality of sub-charging processes in sequence, and dividing the plurality of undetermined charging rates into a plurality of rate sets according to the relationship from large to small and the number of sub-charging processes; Associating several rate sets with corresponding sub-charging processes and using the sub-charging processes as matrix columns and the corresponding rate sets as matrix rows to obtain a rate matrix; The score value of each element in the multiplier matrix , based on the rating value A final charging rate is determined, and the lead-acid battery group is charged in the first stage based on the final charging rate.

[0009] Preferably, the score value of each element in the multiplier matrix is , based on the rating value The steps of determining a final charging rate and performing a first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate include: Calculate the trust value of each element in the magnification matrix : ; In the formula, Represents the first charging objective function value , the second charging objective function value , the third charging objective function value One of the charging objective function values ​​in ; Based on the trust value Calculate the score value of each element in the multiplier matrix : ; ; In the formula, , respectively represent the th row and the th column in the magnification matrix, represents the classification value corresponding to the element in the th row and the th column in the magnification matrix, represents the number of undetermined charging magnifications in the magnification set; Based on the scoring value determine the magnification determination factor : ; Based on the determined factor calculate the final factor : ; Determine the final factor of each undetermined charging magnification in the magnification set corresponding to each sub - charging process in the magnification matrix, and use the undetermined charging magnification with the largest final factor as the final charging magnification for this sub - charging process; Based on the final charging magnification, inversely solve the charging time corresponding to the sub - charging process, and perform the first - stage charging on the lead - acid battery pack according to the sequence of the sub - charging processes and the corresponding charging times.

[0010] Preferably, the step of continuing to perform the second - stage charging on the lead - acid battery pack includes: Determine several charging cycles, and each of the charging cycles includes a positive - pulse charging cycle, a first dead - zone cycle, a negative - pulse charging cycle, and a second dead - zone cycle; Calculate the width of the negative - pulse charging cycle : ; In the formula, represents the negative - pulse width constant, represents the change rate of the battery temperature rise, represents the change - rate constant of the battery temperature rise, represents the battery surface temperature, represents the temperature constant, represents the maximum value of the constant - current charging current, represents the absolute value of the negative pulse; Based on the width of the negative - pulse charging cycle adjust the widths of the positive - pulse charging cycle, the first dead - zone cycle, and the second dead - zone cycle to obtain the final cycle; The lead-acid battery pack is charged in a second stage based on the final cycle, and in each final cycle, charging is carried out in the order of positive pulse charging, a first dead zone pause, negative pulse charging, and a second dead zone pause.

[0011] Preferably, the step of continuing to charge the lead-acid battery pack in a third stage until the charging process is completed is specifically as follows: The lead-acid battery pack is subjected to floating charge with a negative pulse to maintain the depolarization effect on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution. A lead-acid battery pack charging system, the system includes: A function module for determining a charging objective function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack; A first charging module for determining a final charging rate based on the charging objective function value and charging the lead-acid battery pack in a first stage based on the final charging rate; A second charging module for determining whether the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first stage of charging is greater than a first preset value. If the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first stage of charging is greater than the first preset value, then continue to charge the lead-acid battery pack in a second stage; A third charging module for determining whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second stage of charging is less than a second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second stage of charging is less than the second preset value, then continue to charge the lead-acid battery pack in a third stage until the charging process is completed.

[0013] Preferably, the third charging module is specifically used for: The lead-acid battery pack is subjected to floating charge with a negative pulse to maintain the depolarization effect on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution. A computer includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the lead-acid battery pack charging method as described above is implemented.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution. A storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the lead-acid battery pack charging method as described above is implemented. Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the charging method for the lead-acid battery pack provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of the charging system for the lead-acid battery pack provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The following will further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0022] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and other terms shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0023] Embodiment 1 In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, a charging method for a lead-acid battery pack includes: S1. Determine the charging objective function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack; Among them, the step S1 includes: S11. Calculate the first charging objective function value : ; In the formula, represents the charging power of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the actually measured available capacity of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the initial ratio of the remaining power to the available capacity of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack; Specifically, the first charging objective function value can be used to evaluate the influence of different charging rates on the charging power, and for it represents the power actually charged into the lead-acid battery under the default conversion rate, represents the available capacity of the battery, and can also be expressed as the maximum charging power that can be achieved under the maximum capacity. The remaining power can be expressed as the remaining power inside the battery at the current moment of the lead-acid battery. For it specifically represents the ratio between the remaining power before charging starts and the available capacity before charging starts of the battery.

[0024] S12. Calculate the second charging objective function value : ; In the formula, represents the minimum charging amount of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, respectively represent the The maximum and minimum charging times of a lead-acid battery, represents the charging time of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack; Specifically, the second charging objective function value can be used to evaluate the influence of different charging times on the charging power.

[0025] S13. Calculate the third charging objective function value : ; In the formula, represents the maximum charging amount of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, respectively represent the maximum and minimum values of the charging temperature rise of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the charging temperature rise of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack; Specifically, the third charging objective function value can be used to evaluate the influence of different charging amounts on the temperature rise value during the charging process.

[0026] S2. Determine the final charging rate based on the charging objective function value, and perform the first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; Among them, the step S2 includes: S21. Determine the charging rate range and divide the first-stage charging process into several sub-charging processes; Specifically, in the present application, for a lead-acid battery pack, for safety considerations, the charging rate range is set between 0.05C and 1C, where C represents the magnitude value of the current during battery charging and discharging. For example, when the rated capacity of the battery is 20000 mAh, it means that the discharge time can last for 1 hour at 2000 mA (1C), and the discharge time can last for 5 hours at 4000 mA (0.2C), and the same is true for charging.

[0027] S22. Decompose the charging rate range into several pending charging rates based on the minimum rate level, arrange the several sub-charging processes in sequence, and equally divide the several pending charging rates into several rate sets according to the relationship from large to small and the number of sub-charging processes; Specifically, in the present application, the minimum magnification level is set to 0.05C. Therefore, 20 pending charge magnifications can be obtained by decomposition. And in the present application, the sub-charging is specifically 5, namely the first sub-charging process to the fifth sub-charging process. And from the first sub-charging process to the fifth sub-charging process, the charge magnification decreases. Therefore, during the process of determining the magnification set, the magnitude relationship is adopted for distribution, that is, 4 pending charge magnifications in the range of 0.85C - 1.0C are assigned to the magnification set corresponding to the first sub-charging process, 4 pending charge magnifications in the range of 0.65C - 0.8C are assigned to the magnification set corresponding to the second sub-charging process, 4 pending charge magnifications in the range of 0.45C - 0.6C are assigned to the magnification set corresponding to the third sub-charging process, 4 pending charge magnifications in the range of 0.25C - 0.4C are assigned to the magnification set corresponding to the fourth sub-charging process, and 4 pending charge magnifications in the range of 0.05C - 0.2C are assigned to the magnification set corresponding to the fifth sub-charging process.

[0028] S23. Associate several magnification sets with the corresponding sub-charging processes, take the sub-charging processes as matrix columns, and take the corresponding magnification sets as matrix rows to obtain a magnification matrix; Specifically, taking each sub-charging process as a column of the matrix and the magnification set as a row of the matrix, a 5×4 magnification matrix can be obtained.

[0029] S24. The scoring value of each element in the magnification matrix , based on the scoring value determine the final charge magnification, and perform the first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charge magnification; Among them, the step S24 includes: S241. Calculate the reliability value of each element in the magnification matrix : ; In the formula, represents one of the charging objective function values of the first charging objective function value of the second charging objective function value of the third charging objective function value.

[0030] S242. Calculate the scoring value of each element in the magnification matrix based on the reliability value : : ; ; In the formula, , respectively represent the row, the column, indicating the classification value corresponding to the element in the row and the column of the magnification matrix, indicating the number of undetermined charging magnifications in the magnification set.

[0031] S243. Based on the scoring value determine the magnification determination factor : .

[0032] S244. Based on the determined factor calculate the final factor : .

[0033] S245. Determine the final factor of each undetermined charging magnification in the magnification set corresponding to each sub - charging process in the magnification matrix, and use the undetermined charging magnification with the largest final factor as the final charging magnification for this sub - charging process; Specifically, from the perspective of the matrix, by finding the element with the largest final factor in each column of elements, and using the magnification corresponding to this element as the final charging magnification for this sub - charging process. For example, for the first sub - charging process, assuming that the final factor corresponding to a magnification of 0.85C is the largest, then use 0.85C as the final magnification for the first sub - charging process.

[0034] S246. Based on the final charging magnification, inversely solve the charging time corresponding to the sub - charging process, and perform the first - stage charging on the lead - acid battery pack according to the order of the sub - charging processes and the corresponding charging times; Specifically, after determining the final charging magnification, according to the amount of electricity required for the first - stage charging and the above - mentioned three charging objective function values, the charging time corresponding to each sub - charging process can be determined. Then, charge according to the order of the first to fifth sub - charging processes and the corresponding times. The amount of electricity required for the first - stage charging is determined by the first preset value. And in actual situations, if after the first - stage charging, it has not reached the first preset value, then repeat the process of the first - stage charging. If the first preset value has been reached during the first - stage charging, then stop the first - stage charging in time and proceed to the second - stage charging.

[0035] S3. Determine whether the electricity of the lead - acid battery pack after the first - stage charging is greater than the first preset value. If the electricity of the lead - acid battery pack after the first - stage charging is greater than the first preset value, then continue to perform the second - stage charging on the lead - acid battery pack; It should be noted that the specific value of the first preset value here is 70% of the last discharge capacity, and during the first-stage charging process, the constant voltage does not exceed CV1 = 14.7 * n.

[0036] Among them, the step S3 includes: S31. Determine a plurality of charging cycles, each of the charging cycles including a positive pulse charging cycle, a first dead zone cycle, a negative pulse charging cycle, and a second dead zone cycle; S32. Calculate the width of the negative pulse charging cycle : ; In the formula, represents the negative pulse width constant, represents the change rate of the battery temperature rise, represents the change rate constant of the battery temperature rise, represents the battery surface temperature, represents the temperature constant, represents the maximum value of the constant current charging current, represents the absolute value of the negative pulse; Among them, the negative pulse width constant is a coefficient related to the battery type, the constant current charging current, and the maximum value of the negative pulse. The temperature constant can be a specific temperature value. For example, if is set to 35 °C, the negative pulse is only turned on when the battery surface temperature is greater than 35 °C. is related to conditions such as different models of batteries and the constant current charging current, unit: K / min. This parameter determines the starting point value setting of the temperature change rate.

[0037] S33. Based on the width of the negative pulse charging cycle adjust the widths of the positive pulse charging cycle, the first dead zone cycle, and the second dead zone cycle to obtain the final cycle.

[0038] S34. Perform cyclic second-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final cycle, and during each final cycle, charge in the order of positive pulse charging, first dead zone pause, negative pulse charging, and second dead zone pause; Specifically, in step S3, that is, the second-stage charging process is specifically a process of charging with positive and negative pulse cycles. Moreover, the combined positive and negative pulses in a final cycle of this application are between 1 second and 3 seconds. The negative pulse is a narrow pulse of 100 milliseconds or less. The positive pulse mainly charges the battery pack under the conditions of constant voltage and current limiting. A narrow negative pulse of no more than 1C is used for discharging during the charging pulse gap. The temperature of each single battery and the voltage of each single battery are used as judgment conditions to ensure that each battery is charged within a reasonable temperature and voltage range. There is a dead time of no less than 20 milliseconds between the charging positive pulse and the discharging negative pulse, and the first dead time period is the same as the second dead time period. The width of the discharging pulse, that is, the negative pulse, is between 20 milliseconds and 100 milliseconds. A dead time of no less than 20 milliseconds is also set between the discharging negative pulse and the charging positive pulse. In this stage, with the change of the change rate λ of the battery temperature rise, combined with the absolute temperature rise of the battery, the width of the negative pulse is adjusted to achieve a better depolarization effect. At the same time, during the second-stage charging process, the constant voltage value CV2 = 14.7V * n; Meanwhile, for the selection of the absolute value of the negative pulse, it is preferably to select the maximum values of 1C, 2 / 3C, and 1 / 2C. If 2 / 3C or 1 / 2C is selected, when the calculated width exceeds the limit value, then increase one gear to select a negative pulse with a larger amplitude.

[0039] It should be noted that during the charging process of a sealed battery, oxygen and hydrogen are generated inside. When the oxygen cannot be absorbed in time, it accumulates on the positive plate, increasing the internal pressure of the battery, rising the battery temperature, and at the same time reducing the area of the positive plate, manifested as an increase in internal resistance, resulting in the so-called polarization phenomenon. The more serious the polarization phenomenon is, the more it can damage the internal chemical components of the battery, thereby reducing the service life and capacity of the battery. Concentration polarization refers to the change in the electrolyte concentration near the surfaces of the positive and negative plates when current flows through a lead-acid battery. This change is mainly due to the effects of electrode reactions, electromigration, and diffusion, resulting in an increase in the sulfuric acid concentration near the plates, and the reaction products are not removed in time, inhibiting the reaction rate. Pulse charging can improve the charging efficiency by reducing battery polarization and reducing heat generation during the charging process; during the negative pulse charging process, by briefly discharging the battery during the charging interval, the persulfate crystals inside the lead-acid battery are destroyed, reducing sulfation between the plates, eliminating the polarization phenomenon inside the battery, overcoming electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization, increasing the acceptance capacity of the plates, thereby improving the charging efficiency and performance of the battery; at the same time, in the later stage of charging, the battery will generate a large amount of heat and water loss, and these side reactions will lead to a decline in battery performance. By adding a negative pulse and discharging during the charging interval, these side reactions can be reduced, and the charging efficiency and life of the battery can be improved. Pulse charging can more comprehensively activate the battery, reduce the battery sulfation phenomenon, thereby extending the service life of the battery, and the pulse current will recover the battery to a certain extent, protecting the battery from damage. During the charging process, the battery will generate gas (gas evolution), which will not only waste electric energy but also damage the battery. Negative pulse charging can reduce the gas evolution phenomenon by briefly discharging, thereby saving electric energy and protecting the battery.

[0040] Meanwhile, during the second-stage charging process, the charging current is determined by the constant-current circuit and the constant-voltage characteristic. The charging current in the second-stage charging will gradually decrease. For example, the final period is T1, the positive pulse charging period is T2, and the duty cycle is λ (T2 / T1 = λ). It changes from constant current to pulse, and there is a depolarizing negative pulse between adjacent two charging pulse waves. There will be no direct connection or short circuit between the discharge pulse and the charging pulse. When the charging current in the second-stage charging decreases to the second preset value, the third-stage charging can be carried out.

[0041] S4. Determine whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than the second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than the second preset value, continue to charge the lead-acid battery pack in the third stage until the charging process is completed.

[0042] Among them, the specific step S4 is as follows: Perform floating charge with a negative pulse on the lead-acid battery pack to maintain the depolarization effect on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed; Specifically, the second preset value here is between 0.015C and 0.05C, and the constant voltage value CV3 of the third-stage charging is less than the constant voltage value CV2, and can be 13.8V * n.

[0043] The lead-acid battery pack charging method provided in the first embodiment of the present invention first determines a charging target function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack; then determines a final charging rate based on the charging target function value, and performs first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; then determines whether the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than a first preset value. If the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than the first preset value, continue to perform second-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack; finally, determine whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than a second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than the second preset value, continue to perform third-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed. In the first-stage charging process of the present invention, fast charging can be achieved while ensuring safety. Then, the second-stage charging process is carried out to eliminate the battery polarization phenomenon, improve the charging effect, reduce the battery electrolyte temperature, extend the battery life, reduce gas evolution, and protect the battery. Then, the third-stage charging process is carried out to maintain the depolarization effect on the battery, further ensuring the safety of the battery and effectively improving the charging speed at the same time.

[0044] Embodiment 2 As Figure 2 shown, in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, a lead-acid battery pack charging system is provided, and the system includes: Function module 1, configured to determine a charging target function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack; First charging module 2, configured to determine a final charging rate based on the charging target function value, and perform first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; Second charging module 3, configured to determine whether the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than a first preset value. If the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first-stage charging is greater than the first preset value, continue to perform second-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack; Third charging module 4, configured to determine whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than a second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second-stage charging is less than the second preset value, continue to perform third-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed; The function module 1 includes: First function sub-module, configured to calculate a first charging target function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack : ; In the formula, represents the charging power of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the available capacity actually measured of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the initial ratio of the remaining power to the available capacity of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack; The second function sub-module is used to calculate the second charging objective function value : ; In the formula, represents the minimum charging amount of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, respectively represent the maximum and minimum charging times of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the charging time of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack; The third function sub-module is used to calculate the third charging objective function value : ; In the formula, represents the maximum charging amount of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, respectively represent the maximum and minimum values of the charging temperature increase of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack, represents the charging temperature increase of the th lead-acid battery in the lead-acid battery pack.

[0045] The first charging module 2 includes: The range sub-module is used to determine the charging rate range and divide the first-stage charging process into several sub-charging processes; The decomposition sub-module is used to decompose the charging rate range into several pending charging rates based on the minimum rate level, arrange the several sub-charging processes in sequence, and equally divide the several pending charging rates into several rate sets according to the relationship from large to small and the number of sub-charging processes; The matrix sub-module is used to associate the several rate sets with the corresponding sub-charging processes, use the sub-charging processes as matrix columns, and use the corresponding rate sets as matrix rows to obtain a rate matrix; The charging sub-module is used for the scoring value of each element in the rate matrix , based on the scoring value Determine the final charging rate, and perform the first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate.

[0046] The charging sub-module includes: The first calculation unit is used to calculate the reliability value of each element in the rate matrix : ; In the formula, represents the first charging objective function value , the second charging objective function value , the third charging objective function value One of the charging objective function values; The second calculation unit is used to calculate the scoring value of each element in the rate matrix based on the reliability value : : ; ; In the formula, , respectively represent the th row and the th column in the rate matrix, represents the classification value corresponding to the element in the th row and the th column in the rate matrix, represents the number of undetermined charging rates in the rate set; The third calculation unit is used to determine the rate determination factor based on the scoring value : : ; The fourth calculation unit is used to calculate the final factor based on the determination factor : : ; The final rate unit is used to determine the final factor of each undetermined charging rate in the rate set corresponding to each sub-charging process in the rate matrix, and use the charging rate with the largest final factor as the final charging rate of the sub-charging process; The charging unit is used to reversely solve the charging time corresponding to the sub-charging process based on the final charging rate, and perform the first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack according to the order of the sub-charging processes and the corresponding charging times.

[0047] The second charging module 3 includes: A cycle determination sub-module, configured to determine a plurality of charging cycles, each of the charging cycles including a positive pulse charging cycle, a first dead zone cycle, a negative pulse charging cycle, and a second dead zone cycle; A cycle calculation sub-module, configured to calculate the width of the negative pulse charging cycle : ; In the formula, represents a negative pulse width constant, represents the rate of change of the battery temperature rise, represents a rate of change constant of the battery temperature rise, represents the battery surface temperature, represents a temperature constant, represents the maximum value of the constant current charging current, represents the absolute value of the negative pulse; A cycle adjustment sub-module, configured to adjust the widths of the positive pulse charging cycle, the first dead zone cycle, and the second dead zone cycle based on the width of the negative pulse charging cycle to obtain a final cycle; A cyclic charging sub-module, configured to perform cyclic second-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final cycle, and perform charging in the order of positive pulse charging, first dead zone pause, negative pulse charging, and second dead zone pause in each final cycle.

[0048] The third charging module 4 is specifically: Perform floating charge with a negative pulse on the lead-acid battery pack to maintain the depolarization effect on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed.

[0049] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the present invention embodiment provides the following technical solution. A computer includes a memory 102, a processor 101, and a computer program stored on the memory 102 and executable on the processor 101. When the processor 101 executes the computer program, the charging method for the lead-acid battery pack as described above is implemented.

[0050] Specifically, the above-mentioned processor 101 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Among them, the memory 102 may include a mass storage for data or instructions. By way of example and not limitation, the memory 102 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a solid state drive (SSD), a flash memory, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, a magnetic tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. In a suitable case, the memory 102 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. In a suitable case, the memory 102 may be internal or external to the data processing device. In a particular embodiment, the memory 102 is a non-volatile memory. In a particular embodiment, the memory 102 includes a read-only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM). In a suitable case, the ROM may be a mask-programmed ROM, a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), an electrically alterable ROM (EAROM), or a flash memory, or a combination of two or more of these. In a suitable case, the RAM may be a static random access memory (SRAM) or a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), where the DRAM may be a fast page mode dynamic random access memory (FPMDRAM), an extended data out dynamic random access memory (EDODRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), etc.

[0052] The memory 102 can be used to store or cache various data files required for processing and / or communication, as well as possible computer program instructions executed by the processor 101.

[0053] The processor 101 reads and executes the computer program instructions stored in the memory 102 to implement the above lead-acid battery pack charging method.

[0054] In some of these embodiments, the computer may further include a communication interface 103 and a bus 100. Among them, as Figure 3 shown, the processor 101, the memory 102, and the communication interface 103 are connected through the bus 100 and complete communication with each other.

[0055] The communication interface 103 is used to implement communication between the various modules, devices, units, and / or devices in the embodiments of the present invention. The communication interface 103 can also implement data communication with other components, such as external devices, image / data acquisition devices, databases, external storage, and image / data processing workstations, etc.

[0056] Bus 100 includes hardware, software, or both, and couples components of a computer device to each other. Bus 100 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Data Bus, Address Bus, Control Bus, Expansion Bus, Local Bus. By way of example and not limitation, Bus 100 may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hyper Transport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an InfiniBand interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. In a suitable case, Bus 100 may include one or more buses. Although embodiments of the present invention describe and illustrate specific buses, the present invention contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.

[0057] The computer can execute the lead-acid battery pack charging method of the present invention based on the acquired lead-acid battery pack charging system, thereby realizing the charging of the lead-acid battery pack.

[0058] In still some other embodiments of the present invention, in combination with the above-mentioned lead-acid battery pack charging method, embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solution: a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned lead-acid battery pack charging method is realized.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a definite sequence list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus or device and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, apparatus or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport a program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device.

[0060] More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the readable medium include the following: an electrical connection portion with one or more wirings (electronic device), a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, followed by editing, interpretation or other suitable processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0061] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following techniques well known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits with logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits with suitable combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0062] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as within the scope described in this specification.

[0063] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for charging a lead-acid battery pack, characterized in that: include: Determining a charging objective function value based on charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack; Determine a final charging rate based on the charging objective function value, and perform a first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; Determine whether the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first stage of charging is greater than a first preset value, and if the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first stage of charging is greater than the first preset value, continue to charge the lead-acid battery pack in the second stage; Determine whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second stage charging is less than the second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second stage charging is less than the second preset value, continue to charge the lead-acid battery pack in the third stage until the charging process is completed.

2. The lead-acid battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the charging objective function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack comprises: Calculate the first charging objective function value based on the charging parameters of the lead-acid battery pack : ； In the formula, Indicates the first The charge capacity of a lead-acid battery, Indicates the first The actual measured usable capacity of a lead-acid battery, Indicates the first The initial ratio of the remaining power to the available capacity of each lead-acid battery; Calculate the second charging objective function value : ； In the formula, Indicates the first The minimum charge capacity of a lead-acid battery, Respectively represent the first The maximum and minimum charging time of a lead-acid battery. Indicates the first Charging time of lead-acid batteries; Calculate the third charging objective function value : ； In the formula, Indicates the first The maximum charge capacity of a lead-acid battery, Respectively represent the first The maximum and minimum values ​​of the charging temperature increase of a lead-acid battery. Indicates the first The charging temperature rise of a lead-acid battery.

3. The lead-acid battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining a final charging rate based on the charging objective function value and performing a first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate comprises: Determine the charging rate range and divide the first stage charging process into several sub-charging processes; Decomposing the charging rate range into a plurality of undetermined charging rates based on the minimum rate level, arranging the plurality of sub-charging processes in sequence, and dividing the plurality of undetermined charging rates into a plurality of rate sets according to the relationship from large to small and the number of sub-charging processes; Associating several rate sets with corresponding sub-charging processes and using the sub-charging processes as matrix columns and the corresponding rate sets as matrix rows to obtain a rate matrix; The score value of each element in the multiplier matrix , based on the rating value A final charging rate is determined, and the lead-acid battery group is charged in the first stage based on the final charging rate.

4. The lead-acid battery charging method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The score value of each element in the multiplier matrix , based on the rating value The steps of determining a final charging rate and performing a first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate include: Calculate the trust value of each element in the magnification matrix : ； In the formula, Represents the first charging objective function value , the second charging objective function value , the third charging objective function value One of the charging objective function values ​​in ; Based on the trust value Calculate the score value of each element in the multiplier matrix : ； ； In the formula, , They represent the first Row, No. List, Indicates the first Line The elements of the column correspond to the categorical values, Indicates the number of pending charging rates in the rate set; Based on rating value Determine the multiplier factor : ； Based on the determination factor Calculate the final factor : ； Determine the final factor of each pending charging rate in the rate set corresponding to each sub-charging process in the rate matrix, and take the pending charging rate with the largest final factor as the final charging rate of the sub-charging process; The charging time corresponding to the sub-charging process is reversely solved based on the final charging rate, and the lead-acid battery pack is charged in the first stage according to the sequence of the sub-charging processes and the corresponding charging time.

5. The lead-acid battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of continuing to charge the lead-acid battery pack in the second stage includes: Determine a plurality of charging cycles, each of which includes a positive pulse charging cycle, a first dead zone cycle, a negative pulse charging cycle, and a second dead zone cycle; Calculate the width of the negative pulse charging cycle : ； In the formula, Represents the negative pulse width constant, Indicates the rate of change of battery temperature rise, represents the rate constant of change of battery temperature rise, Indicates the battery surface temperature, represents the temperature constant, Indicates the maximum value of constant current charging current, Indicates the absolute value of the negative pulse; Based on the width of the negative pulse charging cycle Adjusting the width of the positive pulse charging period, the first dead zone period, and the second dead zone period to obtain a final period; The lead-acid battery pack is charged in a cyclic second stage based on the final cycle, and in each final cycle, the battery pack is charged in the order of positive pulse charging, first dead zone pause, negative pulse charging, and second dead zone pause.

6. The lead-acid battery charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of continuing to charge the lead-acid battery pack in the third stage until the charging process is completed is specifically: The lead-acid battery pack is float-charged with a negative pulse to maintain the depolarization effect on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed.

7. A lead-acid battery charging system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A function module, used for determining a charging objective function value based on a charging parameter of a lead-acid battery pack; A first charging module, configured to determine a final charging rate based on the charging objective function value, and perform a first-stage charging on the lead-acid battery pack based on the final charging rate; A second charging module, used for judging whether the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first stage of charging is greater than a first preset value, and if the power of the lead-acid battery pack after the first stage of charging is greater than the first preset value, continuing to charge the lead-acid battery pack in the second stage; The third charging module is used to determine whether the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second stage charging is less than the second preset value. If the pulse current of the lead-acid battery pack after the second stage charging is less than the second preset value, the lead-acid battery pack continues to be charged in the third stage until the charging process is completed.

8. The lead-acid battery charging system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third charging module is specifically used for: The lead-acid battery pack is float-charged with a negative pulse to maintain the depolarization effect on the lead-acid battery pack until the charging process is completed.

9. A computer comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the lead-acid battery charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the lead-acid battery pack charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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