Optimal Scheduling Method for Integrated Energy System Based on Electrolytic Carbonate and Dynamic Compensation

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optimized scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation. According to the technical principle of electrolytic molten carbonate and the multiple benefits of hydrogen energy, the electrolytic molten carbonate technology is coupled with the power-to-hydrogen - hydrogen fuel cell to establish an operation framework for the integrated energy system based on the collaboration of electrolytic molten carbonate - power-to-hydrogen - hydrogen fuel cell. While effectively fixing the carbon source, high-level carbon emissions are avoided, and the flexible operation advantages and high-efficiency energy utilization potential of the system are fully explored. At the same time, a dynamic compensation mechanism is designed to carefully consider the energy satisfaction of various flexible loads, guide the flexible loads to transfer to the periods with surplus renewable energy, and interrupt some flexible loads during the periods with high energy costs, with the aim of maximizing the enthusiasm of the demand side to participate in the flexible interaction of the power grid. Finally, a case study is carried out in combination with an actual integrated energy system, verifying that the proposed method can balance the economy and low carbon of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy system scheduling, and particularly to an optimal scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation. Background Art

[0002] As an important carrier for the low-carbon transformation of the traditional energy industry, the integrated energy system can significantly improve energy utilization efficiency and effectively reduce the consumption of fossil fuels by coordinating and optimizing the cascade utilization of various energies such as wind power, photovoltaic power, natural gas, and hydrogen energy. Currently, mainstream research adopts the coupling method of carbon capture equipment and power-to-gas equipment, which reduces the carbon dioxide sequestration cost, reduces the carbon emissions of gas-fired units, and improves the consumption level of renewable energy at the same time. However, from the perspective of the overall system, the carbon dioxide supplied by the carbon capture equipment to the power-to-gas equipment is ultimately still emitted into the atmosphere through gas-fired units. Compared with carbon capture technology, the conversion of carbon dioxide into value-added chemical products or fuels based on electrochemical reactions has gradually become a feasible method for solving global environmental and energy problems in the future. Although the electrolytic molten carbonate technology can convert carbon dioxide into solid carbon to effectively fix the carbon source. However, how to make full use of renewable energy and synergistically optimize it with equipment such as electrolytic hydrogen production in a virtual power plant to give full play to its economic and low-carbon benefits still requires further research.

[0003] Introducing demand response in the integrated energy system is an important means to realize the flexible interaction of the demand side participating in the power grid. Although current research has constructed user electricity consumption satisfaction models, for an integrated energy system containing various types of flexible loads, the existing research does not comprehensively analyze the user electricity consumption satisfaction, does not fully consider the differences in energy use of flexible load users, and does not construct corresponding satisfaction models for different flexible load users, which will inevitably affect the accuracy of the energy use satisfaction model. Moreover, in the research involving incentive-based demand response, the unit power transfer or curtailment response compensation mechanism fails to be formulated in real time according to the energy use satisfaction at each moment, which will to a certain extent restrict the enthusiasm of the demand side to participate in the flexible interaction of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an optimal scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides an optimal scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation, and the method includes:

[0007] Construct an operation framework for an integrated energy system based on the synergy of electrolytic molten carbonate, hydrogen production by electrolysis, and hydrogen fuel cells; the operation framework of the integrated energy system includes an output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side;

[0008] Construct the first mathematical model of the energy conversion side and the second mathematical model of the load demand side respectively;

[0009] Based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, determine the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system for flexible load users;

[0010] Based on the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system, construct a demand response dynamic compensation cost model for the flexible load users;

[0011] Based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model, with the lowest operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function, construct an optimization scheduling model for the integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation mechanism and the corresponding constraint conditions of the integrated energy system optimization scheduling model;

[0012] The objective function is expressed as: ; where, is the operating cost of the VPP per unit period, is the energy purchase cost, is the equipment operation and maintenance cost, is the equipment start-stop cost, is the net carbon trading cost, is the demand response compensation cost, is the system reserve cost, is the system risk cost;

[0013] Determine the carbon emission quota model of the integrated energy system; the calculation formula of the carbon emission quota model is: ; where: is the total carbon emission quota obtained by the VPP, is the carbon emission quota per unit of power generation, is the carbon emission quota per unit of heat supply; is the power purchase power from the distribution network; is the power supply power of the gas turbine; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the input power of the natural gas consumed by the gas turbine; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the electrolytic molten carbonate device at time t;

[0014] Based on the carbon emission quota model, determine a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model; the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is expressed as:

[0015] ; wherein: is the benchmark price of the carbon trading market; is the length of different carbon emission intervals; is the growth rate of the carbon trading price;

[0016] Based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the integrated energy system optimal scheduling model, the integrated energy system is optimally scheduled to obtain the optimal scheduling result.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated energy system optimal scheduling device based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation. The device includes:

[0018] A construction module for constructing an operating framework of an integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell; the operating framework of the integrated energy system includes a power output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side;

[0019] The construction module is further configured to respectively construct a first mathematical model of the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model of the load demand side;

[0020] A determination module for determining the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system of flexible load users based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model;

[0021] The construction module is further configured to construct a demand response dynamic compensation cost model of the flexible load user based on the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system;

[0022] The construction module is further configured to construct an integrated energy system optimal scheduling model based on electrolytic carbonate and a dynamic compensation mechanism and constraint conditions corresponding to the integrated energy system optimal scheduling model with the lowest operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model;

[0023] The objective function is expressed as: ; wherein, is the operating cost of the VPP per unit period, is the energy purchase cost, is the equipment operation and maintenance cost, is the equipment start - stop cost, is the net carbon trading cost, is the demand response compensation cost, is the system reserve cost, is the system risk cost;

[0024] The determining module is further configured to determine a carbon emission quota model for the integrated energy system; the calculation formula of the carbon emission quota model is: ; where: is the total carbon emission quota obtained by the VPP, is the carbon emission quota per unit of power generation, is the carbon emission quota per unit of heat supply; is the power purchase power from the distribution network; is the power supply power of the gas turbine; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the input power of the natural gas consumed by the gas turbine; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the electrolytic molten carbonate device at time t;

[0025] The determining module is further configured to determine a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model based on the carbon emission quota model; the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is expressed as:

[0026] ; where: is the benchmark price of the carbon trading market; is the length of different carbon emission intervals; is the growth rate of the carbon trading price;

[0027] The scheduling module is configured to perform optimal scheduling on the integrated energy system based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the integrated energy system optimal scheduling model to obtain an optimal scheduling result.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first mathematical model is:

[0029] ;

[0030] where: is the input power of the natural gas consumed by the gas turbine; is the power supply power of the gas turbine; is the power supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the low calorific value of natural gas; is the input power of the natural gas consumed by the gas boiler; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the electrolytic molten carbonate device at time t; is the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic molten carbonate device; is the actual carbon emission of the external power purchase at time t; is the actual carbon emission of the gas unit at time t; is the solid carbon electrolytically produced at time t; 、 are the energy consumption required for electrolyzing molten carbonate and the waste heat generated at time t, respectively; is the energy consumption required for electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the waste heat generated for electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the solid carbon generated for electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the heating power of the waste heat boiler at time t; is the heating efficiency of the waste heat boiler; is the heating efficiency of the gas turbine; 、 are the electric power consumed and the hydrogen production power of the electrolysis for hydrogen production by electricity at time t, respectively; is the conversion efficiency of hydrogen production by electricity; is the hydrogen energy power input to the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; 、 are the electric power and the heat power output by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, respectively; 、 are the electric efficiency and the heat efficiency of the hydrogen energy conversion of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, respectively; the superscript m represents the energy storage type, ES represents electric energy storage, TS represents heat storage tank, and HS represents hydrogen energy storage; is the capacity of the energy storage device m in the time period t; is the capacity of the energy storage device m in the time period t - 1; is the self-loss coefficient of the energy storage device m; 、 are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage device m, respectively; 、 are the charging and discharging powers of the energy storage device m, respectively.

[0031] In some embodiments, the second mathematical model is:

[0032] The electric / thermal loads participating in the dispatching of the integrated energy system are respectively expressed as:

[0033] ;

[0034] ;

[0035] wherein, and are the electric load before demand response and the electric load after demand response in the time period t, respectively; and are the thermal load before demand response and the thermal load after demand response in the time period t, respectively; 、 are the interruptible electric and thermal load powers at time t, respectively; and are the shiftable electric and heat load powers during the t period, respectively;

[0036] The shiftable electric / heat load is expressed as:

[0037] ;

[0038] ;

[0039] In the formula, and are the ratios of the shiftable electric load to the total electric load and the ratio of the shiftable heat load to the total heat load, respectively; , are 0-1 variables representing the regulation states of the shiftable electric and heat loads at time t. When the value is 0, it means the shiftable load does not participate in regulation, and vice versa;

[0040] The interruptible electric / heat load is expressed as:

[0041] ;

[0042] In the formula, , are the ratios of the interruptible electric load to the total electric load and the ratio of the interruptible heat load to the total heat load, respectively; , represent the regulation states of the interruptible electric and heat loads at time t.

[0043] In some embodiments, the determining module is further configured to determine a load response degree index of the flexible load user based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model; the load response degree index is expressed as: ; In the formula: is the response degree index of the s-th type of load at time t; TSE and TSH respectively represent the shiftable electric and heat loads; IE and IH respectively represent the interruptible electric and heat loads;

[0044] respectively define the target period and the acceptable period of the transferable load user;

[0045] Based on the target period and the acceptable period, determine a load time shift matching degree index; the load time shift matching degree index is expressed as:

[0046] ;

[0047] In the formula, is the time shift matching degree index of the s-th type of load at time t; is the starting transfer time of the transferable load; is the start time of the target time period at time t; is the end time of the target time period at time t; is the start time of the acceptable time period of the shiftable load user at time t; is the end time of the acceptable time period of the shiftable load user at time t;

[0048] Determine the load shedding limit index; the load shedding limit index is expressed as:

[0049] ; where: is the load shedding limit index of the interruptible electrical load at time t, is the load shedding limit index of the interruptible thermal load at time t;

[0050] Based on the load response degree index, the load time shift matching degree index, and the load shedding limit index, determine the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the integrated energy system; the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the integrated energy system is expressed as: ; where: is the integrated energy consumption satisfaction index of the s-th type of load user at time t, 、 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding indexes.

[0051] In some embodiments, the demand response dynamic compensation cost model is expressed as:

[0052] ;

[0053] In the formula, is the demand response dynamic compensation cost paid by the VPP to the s-th type of flexible load user at time t, and s ∈ {TSE, IE, TSH, IH} is the flexible user load category; 、 are the upper and lower limits of the compensation cost respectively; 、 are the upper and lower critical points of the integrated energy consumption satisfaction degree respectively.

[0054] In some embodiments, the constraint conditions include:

[0055] System power balance constraint:

[0056] ;

[0057] ;

[0058] ;

[0059] Energy conversion equipment constraint:

[0060] ;

[0061] Wherein: and are the maximum and minimum output powers of device x, respectively; is the output power of device x; is the working state of unit x at time t;

[0062] Energy storage device capacity constraint:

[0063] ;

[0064] Wherein: and are the maximum and minimum storage capacities of energy storage device m, respectively; is the storage capacity of energy storage device m during time period t;

[0065] Energy storage device charge and discharge power constraint:

[0066] ;

[0067] Wherein: is a 0-1 variable used to indicate that the charging and discharging of energy storage device m cannot occur simultaneously, = 1 indicates that the energy storage device is charging, = 0 indicates that the energy storage device is discharging; and respectively represent the upper limits of the charging and discharging powers of energy storage device m; and respectively represent the charging and discharging powers of energy storage device m during time period t;

[0068] Same starting conditions for different scheduling cycles of the energy storage device:

[0069] ;

[0070] Wherein: is the initial capacity of energy storage device m; is the remaining capacity of energy storage device m after running for one cycle.

[0071] Thirdly, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory for storing executable instructions; a processor for implementing the above-mentioned comprehensive energy system optimal scheduling method based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation when executing the executable instructions stored in the memory.

[0072] Fourthly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the above-mentioned optimal scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation.

[0073] For the optimal scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by the present invention, firstly, an operating framework for the integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - power-to-hydrogen - hydrogen fuel cell is constructed; then, a first mathematical model on the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model on the load demand side are respectively constructed; based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system for flexible load users is determined; based on the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system, a demand response dynamic compensation cost model for flexible load users is constructed; secondly, based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model, with the minimum operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function, an optimal scheduling model for the integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and a dynamic compensation mechanism and the constraint conditions corresponding to the optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system are constructed; a carbon emission quota model for the integrated energy system is determined; based on the carbon emission quota model, a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is determined; based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system, the integrated energy system is optimized and scheduled to obtain the optimized scheduling result. Thus, according to the technical principle of electrolytic molten carbonate and the multiple benefits of hydrogen energy, the present invention couples the electrolytic molten carbonate technology with power-to-hydrogen - hydrogen fuel cell, establishes an operating framework for the integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - power-to-hydrogen - hydrogen fuel cell, effectively fixes the carbon source while avoiding high-level carbon emissions, and fully exploits the flexible operation advantages and high energy utilization potential of the system. At the same time, a dynamic compensation mechanism is designed to meticulously consider the energy consumption satisfaction of various flexible loads, guide the flexible loads to transfer to the periods with surplus renewable energy, and interrupt some flexible loads during the periods with high energy consumption costs, so as to maximize the enthusiasm of the demand side to participate in the flexible interaction of the power grid. Finally, a case study is carried out in combination with an actual integrated energy system, verifying that the proposed method can take into account both the economy and low carbon of the system. Description of the Drawings

[0074] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optimal scheduling system for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 2 is a schematic flow diagram of an optimal scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the operation framework of an integrated energy system that synergizes electrolysis of molten carbonate, electricity generation from hydrogen, and a hydrogen fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the predicted power curves of wind power, photovoltaic power, electricity, and heat loads provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 5 (a) It is a schematic diagram of the result of the balance between electricity supply and demand provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 (b) It is a schematic diagram of the result of the balance between heat supply and demand provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of an optimized scheduling device for an integrated energy system based on electrolysis of carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0082] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments" which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present invention belong. The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0084] The following describes the exemplary application of the integrated energy system optimal scheduling device based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation according to the embodiments of the present invention. The integrated energy system optimal scheduling device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a terminal or a server. In one implementation, the integrated energy system optimal scheduling device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as various types of terminals such as laptops, tablets, desktop computers, and mobile devices; in another implementation, the integrated energy system optimal scheduling device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented as a server, where the server can be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery network (CDN, Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The terminal and the server can be directly or indirectly connected through wired or wireless communication methods, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention. Next, the exemplary application when the wind-solar-hydro-thermal multi-objective scheduling device considering deep peaking of thermal power is implemented as a server will be described.

[0085] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated energy system optimal scheduling system 10 based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by the embodiments of the present invention. To achieve the complementary low-carbon robust optimization of wind-solar-hydro-thermal power source scheduling, the embodiments of the present invention can provide an integrated energy system optimal scheduling platform based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation, and this integrated energy system optimal scheduling platform can be implemented as an integrated energy system optimal scheduling application based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation. The integrated energy system optimal scheduling system 10 provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a terminal 110, a network 120, and a server 130, where the server 130 is the server of the integrated energy system optimal scheduling application based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation. The server 130 can constitute the integrated energy system optimal scheduling device according to the embodiments of the present invention. The terminal 110 is connected to the server 130 through the network 120, and the network 120 can be a wide area network or a local area network, or a combination of the two.

[0086] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1, when optimizing the scheduling of the integrated energy system, the terminal 110 sends the integrated energy system optimization scheduling task to the server 130 through the network 120. In response to the integrated energy system optimization scheduling task initiated by the terminal 110, the server 130 constructs an integrated energy system operation framework based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell; the integrated energy system operation framework includes an output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side; respectively construct a first mathematical model for the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model for the load demand side; based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, determine the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system of flexible load users; based on the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system, construct a demand response dynamic compensation cost model for flexible load users; based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model, with the lowest operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function, construct an integrated energy system optimization scheduling model based on electrolytic carbonate and a dynamic compensation mechanism and the constraint conditions corresponding to the integrated energy system optimization scheduling model; determine the carbon emission quota model of the integrated energy system; based on the carbon emission quota model, determine a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model; based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the integrated energy system optimization scheduling model, optimize the scheduling of the integrated energy system to obtain an optimized scheduling result. After obtaining the optimized scheduling result, the server 130 sends the optimized scheduling result to the terminal 110 through the network 120.

[0087] An embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated energy system optimization scheduling method based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation. Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of an integrated energy system optimization scheduling method based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and will be described in combination with Figure 2 the steps shown.

[0088] Step S210, construct an integrated energy system operation framework based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell; the integrated energy system operation framework includes an output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side.

[0089] In some embodiments, the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell means combining the electrolytic molten carbonate hydrogen production technology with the hydrogen fuel cell technology to achieve efficient conversion and utilization of energy, and improving the performance and efficiency of the integrated energy system through synergistic effects.

[0090] In some embodiments, the integrated energy system operation framework is a description of the overall architecture and operation mode of the integrated energy system, including an output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side, and is used to standardize and guide the operation and management of the integrated energy system.

[0091] In some embodiments, the output supply side refers to the part in the integrated energy system responsible for providing energy output, such as various power generation devices, etc., which provides energy support for the entire system.

[0092] In some embodiments, the energy conversion side refers to the function of converting one form of energy into another form of energy. For example, the electrolysis of molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis process is carried out on the energy conversion side, converting electrical energy into hydrogen energy.

[0093] In some embodiments, the load demand side refers to the energy consumers in the integrated energy system, including various users and energy - using devices, which have different energy demands and usage patterns.

[0094] In the present invention, an operation framework of an integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolysis of molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell is constructed, clarifying the composition structure of the system, including the output supply side, the energy conversion side, and the load demand side, providing an overall architecture and guiding direction for the operation and optimization of the integrated energy system. Through this coordinated manner, the mutual conversion and optimal allocation of various energy forms can be achieved, improving the energy utilization efficiency and the stability of the system.

[0095] Step S220: Respectively construct a first mathematical model of the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model of the load demand side.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first mathematical model refers to the mathematical model established for the energy conversion side, which is used to describe the operation characteristics, energy conversion relationships, and mathematical relationships between relevant parameters of the energy conversion side, so as to analyze and calculate the energy conversion process.

[0097] In some embodiments, the second mathematical model refers to the mathematical model established for the load demand side, which is used to characterize the energy - using behavior, demand characteristics of the load demand side, and mathematical connections with other factors, providing a basis for analyzing the energy demands of users.

[0098] In the present invention, these two models are mathematical descriptions of the energy conversion side and the load demand side. By establishing these models, the energy conversion process in the system and the energy - demand behavior of users can be analyzed and predicted more accurately, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent system analysis and optimization.

[0099] Step S230: Based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, determine the energy - using satisfaction of flexible - load users in the integrated energy system.

[0100] In some embodiments, flexible - load users refer to users whose electricity load can be flexibly adjusted according to the system operation conditions. Such users can respond to the dispatching requirements of the integrated energy system by adjusting their own energy - using behaviors, thereby realizing the optimal operation of the system.

[0101] In some embodiments, the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system is an indicator that measures the satisfaction degree of flexible load users with the energy services provided by the integrated energy system, and is obtained through quantitative analysis of factors such as the users' energy consumption experience and the degree of demand satisfaction.

[0102] In the present invention, by using the two established mathematical models and comprehensively considering factors such as energy conversion efficiency and the degree of user demand satisfaction, the satisfaction degree of flexible load users with the energy consumption of the integrated energy system is obtained through a certain calculation method. This indicator can reflect the performance of the system in meeting user demands and provide a reference for further optimizing the system.

[0103] Step S240: Based on the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system, construct a demand response dynamic compensation cost model for the flexible load users.

[0104] In some embodiments, the demand response dynamic compensation cost model is a mathematical model used to calculate the dynamic compensation cost generated in the demand response process to incentivize flexible load users to adjust their energy consumption behaviors, considering the impacts of factors such as the degree of user response and time on the compensation cost.

[0105] In the present invention, according to the energy consumption satisfaction of users and considering the compensation required to incentivize flexible load users to participate in demand response, a dynamic model that can reflect the relationship between compensation cost and factors such as the degree of user response and time is established to more accurately calculate the cost generated in the demand response process.

[0106] Step S250: Based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model, with the minimum operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function, construct the constraint conditions corresponding to the integrated energy system optimization scheduling model based on electrolytic carbonate and the dynamic compensation mechanism.

[0107] Here, the objective function is expressed as: ; where is the operating cost of the VPP per unit period, is the energy purchase cost, is the equipment operation and maintenance cost, is the equipment start-stop cost, is the net carbon trading cost, is the demand response compensation cost, is the system reserve cost, is the system risk cost.

[0108] In some embodiments, the optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system is a mathematical model constructed based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model and with the lowest operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function, which is used to determine the optimal operating strategies and scheduling plans for each component in the integrated energy system, while considering various constraints to ensure the feasibility of the plan.

[0109] In the present invention, with the goal of reducing the system operating cost, the demand response dynamic compensation cost is taken into consideration, and combined with the characteristics of the electrolytic carbonate process and the dynamic compensation mechanism, an optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system is established. In addition, in order to ensure the feasibility and practical application value of the model, a series of constraints need to be clarified, such as the technical limitations of equipment, the energy balance requirements, and the minimum guarantee of user needs.

[0110] Step S260, determine the carbon emission quota model of the integrated energy system.

[0111] Here, the calculation formula of the carbon emission quota model is:

[0112] ; where: is the total carbon emission quota obtained by the VPP, is the carbon emission quota per unit of power generation, is the carbon emission quota per unit of heat supply; is the power purchase from the distribution network; is the power supply of the gas turbine; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the input power of the gas turbine consuming natural gas; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the electrolytic molten carbonate device at time t.

[0113] In some embodiments, the carbon emission quota model is used to determine the model of the total allowable carbon emissions of the integrated energy system within a certain period.

[0114] Step S270, based on the carbon emission quota model, determine the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model.

[0115] Here, the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is expressed as:

[0116] ; where: is the benchmark price of the carbon trading market; is the length of different carbon emission intervals; is the growth rate of the carbon trading price.

[0117] In some embodiments, the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model refers to a model established based on the carbon emission quota model, considering different carbon trading prices corresponding to different carbon emission levels, presenting a stepped cost calculation method to encourage the integrated energy system to reduce carbon emissions.

[0118] In the present invention, according to the carbon emission levels set by the carbon emission quota model, combined with different carbon trading prices corresponding to different carbon emission intervals, a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is established. This can more accurately reflect the costs generated by the system due to carbon emissions, encourage the system to reduce carbon emissions through optimal scheduling, and thus reduce the carbon trading costs.

[0119] Step S280, based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the integrated energy system optimal scheduling model, perform optimal scheduling on the integrated energy system to obtain an optimal scheduling result.

[0120] In the present invention, the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is incorporated into the integrated energy system optimal scheduling model. By comprehensively considering factors such as the system operation cost and carbon trading cost, and through an optimization algorithm, the components of the integrated energy system are scheduled and optimized to determine the production, conversion, and distribution plans of various energies in the system, so as to achieve the optimal operation of the system in terms of economy and environmental protection. Finally, an optimized scheduling result is obtained to provide guidance for the actual operation of the integrated energy system.

[0121] The integrated energy system optimal scheduling method based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by the present invention first constructs an operating framework of an integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell; then, constructs a first mathematical model on the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model on the load demand side respectively; based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, determines the energy utilization satisfaction of the integrated energy system of flexible load users; based on the energy utilization satisfaction of the integrated energy system, constructs a demand response dynamic compensation cost model for flexible load users; secondly, based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model, with the minimum operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function, constructs an optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation mechanism and the constraint conditions corresponding to the optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system; determines the carbon emission quota model of the integrated energy system; based on the carbon emission quota model, determines a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model; based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system, optimally schedules the integrated energy system to obtain the optimal scheduling result. Thus, according to the technical principle of electrolytic molten carbonate and the multiple benefits of hydrogen energy, the present invention couples the electrolytic molten carbonate technology with hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell, establishes an operating framework of an integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell, realizes effective fixation of carbon sources while avoiding high - level carbon emissions, and fully exploits the flexible operation advantages and high - efficiency energy utilization potential of the system. At the same time, a dynamic compensation mechanism is designed to carefully consider the energy utilization satisfaction of various flexible loads, guide flexible loads to shift to the renewable energy surplus period, and interrupt some flexible loads during the period with high energy utilization costs, in order to maximize the enthusiasm of the demand side to participate in the flexible interaction of the power grid. Finally, a case study is carried out in combination with an actual integrated energy system to verify that the proposed method can take into account the economy and low - carbon characteristics of the system.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first mathematical model is:

[0123] ;

[0124] In the formula: is the input power of the gas turbine consuming natural gas; is the power supply of the gas turbine; is the power supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the low calorific value of natural gas; is the input power of the gas boiler consuming natural gas; is the heat supply of the gas boiler; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the electrolytic molten carbonate device at time t; is the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic molten carbonate device; is the actual carbon emission of externally purchased electricity at time t; is the actual carbon emission of the gas turbine unit at time t; is the solid carbon produced by electrolysis at time t; 、 are the energy consumption required for electrolyzing molten carbonate and the waste heat generated at time t, respectively; is the energy consumption required for electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the waste heat generated by electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the solid carbon produced by electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the heating power of the waste heat boiler at time t; is the heating efficiency of the waste heat boiler; is the heating efficiency of the gas turbine; 、 are the electric power consumed and the hydrogen production power of the electrolytic hydrogen production by electrolysis at time t, respectively; is the conversion efficiency of electrolytic hydrogen production; is the hydrogen energy power input to the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; 、 are the electric power and heat power output by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, respectively; 、 are the electric efficiency and heat efficiency of the hydrogen energy conversion of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, respectively; the superscript m represents the energy storage type, ES represents electric energy storage, TS represents heat storage tank, and HS represents hydrogen energy storage; is the capacity of the energy storage device m in the time period t; is the capacity of the energy storage device m in the time period t - 1; is the self-loss coefficient of the energy storage device m; 、 are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage device m, respectively; 、 are the charging and discharging powers of the energy storage device m, respectively.

[0125] In some embodiments, the second mathematical model is:

[0126] The electric / thermal loads participating in the integrated energy system scheduling are respectively expressed as:

[0127] ;

[0128] ;

[0129] In the formula, and are the electric load before demand response and the electric load after demand response in the time period t, respectively; and are the thermal load before demand response and the thermal load after demand response in the time period t, respectively; , are the interruptible electricity and heat load powers at time t, respectively; and are the shiftable electricity and heat load powers during period t, respectively;

[0130] The shiftable electricity / heat load is expressed as:

[0131] ;

[0132] ;

[0133] In the formula, and are the ratios of the shiftable electricity load to the total electricity load and the ratio of the shiftable heat load to the total heat load, respectively; , are 0-1 variables representing the regulation states of the shiftable electricity and heat loads at time t. When the value is 0, it means the shiftable load does not participate in regulation, and vice versa;

[0134] The interruptible electricity / heat load is expressed as:

[0135] ;

[0136] In the formula, , are the ratios of the interruptible electricity load to the total electricity load and the ratio of the interruptible heat load to the total heat load, respectively; , represent the regulation states of the interruptible electricity and heat loads at time t.

[0137] In some embodiments, the determining module is further configured to determine a load response degree index of the flexible load user based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model; the load response degree index is expressed as: ; In the formula: is the response degree index of the s-th type of load at time t; TSE and TSH respectively represent the shiftable electricity and heat loads; IE and IH respectively represent the interruptible electricity and heat loads;

[0138] respectively define the target period and the acceptable period of the transferable load user;

[0139] Based on the target period and the acceptable period, determine a load shift matching degree index; the load shift matching degree index is expressed as:

[0140] ;

[0141] In the formula, is the time-shift matching degree index of the s-th type of load at time t; is the starting transfer time of the shiftable load; is the starting time of the target time period at time t; is the ending time of the target time period at time t; is the starting time of the acceptable time period of the shiftable load user at time t; is the ending time of the acceptable time period of the shiftable load user at time t;

[0142] Determine the load curtailment limit degree index; the load curtailment limit degree index is expressed as:

[0143] ; where: is the load curtailment limit degree index of the interruptible electrical load at time t, is the load curtailment limit degree index of the interruptible thermal load at time t;

[0144] Based on the load response degree index, the load time-shift matching degree index, and the load curtailment limit degree index, determine the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the integrated energy system; the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the integrated energy system is expressed as: ; where: is the comprehensive energy consumption satisfaction degree index of the s-th type of load user at time t, 、 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding indexes.

[0145] In some embodiments, the demand response dynamic compensation cost model is expressed as:

[0146] ;

[0147] Wherein, is the demand response dynamic compensation cost paid by the VPP to the s-th type of flexible load user at time t, s ∈ {TSE, IE, TSH, IH} is the flexible user load category; 、 are the upper and lower limits of the compensation cost respectively; 、 are the upper and lower critical points of the comprehensive energy consumption satisfaction degree respectively.

[0148] In some embodiments, the constraint conditions include:

[0149] System power balance constraint:

[0150] ;

[0151] ;

[0152] ;

[0153] Constraints of energy conversion equipment:

[0154] ;

[0155] Where: and are the maximum and minimum output powers of device x, respectively; is the output power of device x; is the working state of unit x at time t;

[0156] Constraints on the capacity of energy storage equipment:

[0157] ;

[0158] Where: and are the maximum and minimum storage capacities of energy storage device m, respectively; is the storage capacity of energy storage device m during time period t;

[0159] Constraints on the charging and discharging power of energy storage equipment:

[0160] ;

[0161] Where: is a 0-1 variable used to indicate that the charging and discharging of energy storage device m cannot occur simultaneously, =1 indicates that the energy storage device is charging, =0 indicates that the energy storage device is discharging; and represent the upper limits of the charging and discharging powers of energy storage device m, respectively; and represent the charging and discharging powers of energy storage device m during time period t, respectively;

[0162] Same starting conditions for different scheduling cycles of energy storage equipment:

[0163] ;

[0164] Where: is the initial capacity of energy storage device m; is the remaining capacity of energy storage device m after running for one cycle.

[0165] Next, the exemplary application of the embodiments of the present application in a practical application scenario will be described.

[0166] (1) Parameter setting

[0167] To verify the feasibility of the model proposed by the present invention, for Figure 3The integrated energy system shown is simulated and analyzed, and its prototype is an integrated energy system in a certain area of Shaanxi Province, China. Taking 24 hours a day as the operation cycle and 1 hour as the unit dispatching period, the day-ahead dispatching of the system is analyzed. The basic parameters of the system equipment are shown in Table 1.

[0168] Table 1 System parameters

[0169]

[0170] The present invention selects a typical winter day of the integrated energy system for research, and the predicted data of wind power, photovoltaic and electro-thermal load on this typical day are as Figure 4 shown.

[0171] (2) Analysis of the effect of the molten carbonate electrolysis - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell cooperation framework

[0172] To verify the economy and low carbon of the molten carbonate electrolysis - hydrogen production by electrolysis - hydrogen fuel cell coupling framework proposed in the present invention, 4 scenarios shown in Table 2 are set for comparative analysis.

[0173] Table 2 Scenario construction plan

[0174]

[0175] The partial operating costs and carbon emissions of the integrated energy system under the above 4 scenarios are shown in Table 3.

[0176] Table 3 Partial operating costs and carbon emissions of the integrated energy system under different scenarios

[0177]

[0178] It can be seen from Table 3 that compared with Scenario 1 and Scenario 2, the energy purchase cost, carbon emissions and total operating cost are reduced by 1058.15, 1155.48 kg and 3041.33 respectively, with a decrease of 44.13%, 38.04% and 47.74% respectively. The reason is that the hydrogen production by electrolysis equipment fully absorbs the surplus wind power and photovoltaic to produce hydrogen energy. On the one hand, the produced hydrogen energy is directly used for electro-thermal production via a hydrogen fuel cell without carbon emissions, and can share a part of the carbon emission burden of GT and GB. On the other hand, the flexible power supply and heat supply of the hydrogen fuel cell significantly reduce the demand response compensation cost.

[0179] Scenario 3 adds an electrolytic molten carbonate device to Scenario 1. Compared with Scenario 1, the energy purchase cost of Scenario 3 increases by 4.73, while the carbon emissions and total operating cost decrease by 2265.77 kg and 1844.46 respectively, a decrease of 74.6% and 28.96% respectively. The reason is that the electrolytic molten carbonate device electrolyzes the captured CO2 into solid carbon, significantly reducing the system's carbon emissions. The economic benefits generated from selling solid carbon reduce the carbon trading cost by 115330. In addition, although the electrolysis of CO2 by the electrolytic molten carbonate device will increase the electricity purchase cost, since the waste heat generated during the operation of the electrolytic molten carbonate device can be recovered and utilized through a waste heat boiler, the saved heating cost will offset part of the electricity purchase cost, resulting in a slight increase in the overall energy purchase cost and ensuring the economy of the electrolytic molten carbonate device. Scenario 4 considers both electrolytic molten carbonate and electro-hydrogen production - hydrogen fuel cells, which is a more economical and low-carbon emission operation mode.

[0180] Figure 5 Shows the power and heat supply-demand balance results of the integrated energy system. As Figure 5 shown in (a), from 00:00 to 16:00 and from 21:00 to 24:00 when the wind and solar resources are abundant, the system's electrical load is supplied by the wind and solar power output, and the surplus wind and solar power is stored in the energy storage device. During the remaining periods, the wind and solar power output cannot meet the electrical load demand, and the power deficit needs to be compensated jointly by the power grid, gas turbine, hydrogen fuel cell, and energy storage. Among them, the electrolytic molten carbonate device and the electro-hydrogen production device, as flexible adjustable loads within the system, increase their output during periods of abundant renewable energy to fully absorb the surplus wind and solar power output. Part of the hydrogen energy produced by the electro-hydrogen production device is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell for electricity production, and the other part is stored in the hydrogen energy storage for standby. From Figure 5 Figure (b), it can be seen that the system's heat load is jointly supplied by the gas boiler, hydrogen fuel cell, waste heat boiler, and heat storage tank. Among them, the hydrogen fuel cell uses hydrogen energy to produce heat energy while generating electricity, filling the gap between the output of the gas unit and the waste heat boiler and the heat load, without generating carbon emissions, which is more in line with environmental protection decisions. In addition, the demand response mechanism, on the one hand, shifts part of the time-shiftable electric heat load to the periods with abundant wind and solar power output, and on the other hand, interrupts the operation of part of the electric heat load when the wind and solar power output is less, which is conducive to promoting the local absorption of wind and solar power output and thus reducing the system's energy purchase cost. To sum up, after robust optimization, the system can reasonably arrange the output of controllable units according to the worst-case scenario to achieve reliable energy supply for the system.

[0181] (3) Comparison of system economy and low-carbon performance under different compensation mechanisms

[0182] To compare and analyze the operation economy of the system under the two pricing mechanisms, Table 4 lists the load compensation cost and system operation cost under different pricing mechanisms.

[0183] Table 4 Comparison of System Scheduling Results under Different Pricing Mechanisms

[0184]

[0185] As can be seen from Table 4, compared with the fixed compensation mechanism, the compensation costs of various flexible loads in the integrated energy system under the dynamic compensation mechanism have all increased, but the operating cost of the integrated energy system has decreased instead. Specifically, the shifted power of the electrical load has increased by 168.81 kW, a growth of 20.16%, the interrupted power of the electrical load has increased by 145.43 kW, a growth of 40.92%, the shifted power of the thermal load has increased by 138.46 kW, a growth of 43.15%, the interrupted power of the thermal load has increased by 12.57 kW, a growth of 37.01%. At the same time, the carbon emissions of the integrated energy system have decreased by 123.56 kg, a reduction of 14.83%. The operating cost of the integrated energy system has decreased by 232.92 yuan, a reduction of 8.25%. Thus, it can be seen that the dynamic compensation mechanism enables the full play of the energy conservation and emission reduction benefits of demand response and completely offsets the compensation cost. The load users and the system operator have achieved a win-win situation, further verifying the effectiveness of the dynamic compensation mechanism proposed in this paper.

[0186] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated energy system optimal scheduling device based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 6 shown, the integrated energy system optimal scheduling device 600 based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation includes: a construction module 601, configured to construct an operating framework of an integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - electrolysis hydrogen production - hydrogen fuel cell; the operating framework of the integrated energy system includes a power output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side; the construction module 601 is further configured to respectively construct a first mathematical model of the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model of the load demand side; a determination module 602, configured to determine the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the flexible load users in the integrated energy system based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model; the construction module 601 is further configured to construct a demand response dynamic compensation cost model of the flexible load users based on the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the integrated energy system; the construction module 601 is further configured to construct an optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation mechanism and the constraint conditions corresponding to the optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system with the lowest operating cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function; the objective function is expressed as: ; In the formula, is the operating cost of the VPP per unit period, is the energy purchase cost, is the equipment operation and maintenance cost, is the equipment start-stop cost is the net cost of carbon trading, is the demand response compensation cost, is the system reserve cost, is the system risk cost; the determining module 602 is further configured to determine a carbon emission quota model of the integrated energy system; the calculation formula of the carbon emission quota model is: ; where: is the total carbon emission quota obtained by the VPP, is the carbon emission quota per unit of power generation, is the carbon emission quota per unit of heat supply; is the power purchase power from the distribution network; is the power supply power of the gas turbine; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the input power of the natural gas consumed by the gas turbine; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the molten carbonate electrolysis device at time t; the determining module 602 is further configured to determine a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model based on the carbon emission quota model; the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is expressed as:

[0187] ; where: is the benchmark price of the carbon trading market; is the length of different carbon emission intervals; is the growth rate of the carbon trading price; the scheduling module 603 is configured to perform optimal scheduling on the integrated energy system based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the integrated energy system optimal scheduling model to obtain an optimal scheduling result.

[0188] It should be noted that the description of the device in the embodiments of the present invention is similar to the description of the above method embodiments, and has the same beneficial effects as the similar method embodiments, so it will not be repeated. For the technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of this device, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present invention for understanding.

[0189] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, if the above-mentioned integrated energy system optimization scheduling method based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation is implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the related technology can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a terminal to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read Only Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes. In this way, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0190] Correspondingly, the embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device. Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 7 shown, the electronic device 700 at least includes: a processor 701 and a computer-readable storage medium 702 configured to store executable instructions, where the processor 701 generally controls the overall operation of the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium 702 is configured to store instructions and applications executable by the processor 701, and can also cache data to be processed or already processed by the processor 701 and each module in the electronic device 700, and can be implemented by flash memory (FLASH) or random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory).

[0191] The embodiments of the present invention provide a storage medium storing executable instructions, where the executable instructions, when executed by a processor, will cause the processor to execute the methods provided by the embodiments of the present invention. For example, as Figure 2 shown in the method.

[0192] In some embodiments, the storage medium may be a computer-readable storage medium. For example, it can be a ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory, a magnetic surface memory, an optical disc, or a compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM), etc.; or it can be various devices including one or any combination of the above memories.

[0193] In some embodiments, the executable instructions may be in the form of a program, software, software module, script, or code, and can be written in any form of programming language (including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages), and can be deployed in any form, including being deployed as an independent program or being deployed as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment.

[0194] As an example, the executable instructions may or may not correspond to a file in the file system, and can be stored as part of a file that stores other programs or data. For example, they can be stored in one or more scripts in a hypertext markup language (HTML) document, stored in a single file dedicated to the program under discussion, or stored in multiple cooperating files (such as files that store one or more modules, subroutines, or code portions). As an example, the executable instructions can be deployed to execute on one electronic device, or on multiple electronic devices located at one location, or on multiple electronic devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected through a communication network.

[0195] As described above, the above are only embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0196] It should be understood that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" that appears throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the magnitude of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention. The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention above are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0197] It should be noted that in this article, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, method or device. Without more limitations, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including that element. In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.

[0198] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An optimal scheduling method for an integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation, characterized in that The method includes: Constructing an operation framework for an integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - electricity - hydrogen production - hydrogen fuel cell; the operation framework of the integrated energy system includes an output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side; Respectively constructing a first mathematical model for the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model for the load demand side; Based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, determining the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system for flexible load users; Based on the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system, constructing a demand response dynamic compensation cost model for the flexible load users; Based on the demand response dynamic compensation cost model, with the lowest operation cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function, constructing an optimization scheduling model for the integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and a dynamic compensation mechanism, as well as the constraint conditions corresponding to the optimization scheduling model of the integrated energy system; The objective function is expressed as: ; where is the operating cost of VPP per unit period, is the energy purchase cost, is the equipment operation and maintenance cost, is the equipment start-up and shutdown cost, is the net carbon trading cost, is the demand response compensation cost, is the system reserve cost, is the system risk cost; Determine the carbon emission quota model of the integrated energy system; the calculation formula of the carbon emission quota model is: ; where: is the total carbon emission quota obtained by the VPP, is the carbon emission quota per unit of power generation, is the carbon emission quota per unit of heat supply; is the power purchase power from the distribution network; is the power supply power of the gas turbine; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the input power of the natural gas consumed by the gas turbine; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the molten carbonate electrolyzer at time t; Based on the carbon emission quota model, determining a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model; the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is expressed as: ; where: is the benchmark price of the carbon trading market; is the length of different carbon emission intervals; is the growth rate of the carbon trading price; Based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the optimization scheduling model of the integrated energy system, performing optimization scheduling on the integrated energy system to obtain an optimization scheduling result.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first mathematical model is: ； Wherein: is the input power of the gas turbine consuming natural gas; is the power supply of the gas turbine; is the power supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the low calorific value of natural gas; is the input power of the gas boiler consuming natural gas; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the molten carbonate electrolysis device at time t; is the electrolysis efficiency of the molten carbonate electrolysis device; is the actual carbon emission of external power purchase at time t; is the actual carbon emission of the gas unit at time t; is the solid carbon produced by electrolysis at time t; 、 are the energy consumption required for electrolysis of molten carbonate electrolysis and the waste heat generated at time t, respectively; is the energy consumption required for electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the waste heat generated by electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the solid carbon produced by electrolyzing unit carbon dioxide; is the heat supply power of the waste heat boiler at time t; is the heat supply efficiency of the waste heat boiler; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas turbine; 、 are the electric power consumption and hydrogen production power consumed by the electrolysis of hydrogen production by electrolysis at time t, respectively; is the conversion efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolysis; is the hydrogen energy power input to the hydrogen fuel cell at time t; 、 are the electric power and heat power output by the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, respectively; 、 are the electric efficiency and heat efficiency of the hydrogen energy conversion of the hydrogen fuel cell at time t, respectively; The superscript m represents the energy storage type, ES represents electric energy storage, TS represents heat storage tank, and HS represents hydrogen energy storage; is the capacity of the energy storage device m in the t period; is the capacity of the energy storage device m in the t-1 period; is the self-loss coefficient of the energy storage device m; 、 are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage device m, respectively; 、 are the charging and discharging powers of the energy storage device m, respectively.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The second mathematical model is: The electricity / heat loads participating in the scheduling of the integrated energy system are respectively expressed as: ； ； In the formula, and are the electrical load before demand response and the electrical load after demand response in period t, respectively; and are the heat load before demand response and the heat load after demand response in period t, respectively; , are the interruptible electrical and heat load powers at time t, respectively; and are the shiftable electrical and heat load powers in period t, respectively; The shiftable electricity / heat load is expressed as: ； ； Wherein, and are respectively the ratio of the shiftable electric load to the total electric load and the ratio of the shiftable heat load to the total heat load; , are 0-1 variables, representing the regulation states of the shiftable electric and heat loads at time t. When the value is 0, it means that the shiftable load does not participate in the regulation, and vice versa. The interruptible electricity / heat load is expressed as: ； In the formula, , are respectively the ratios of interruptible electrical load to total electrical load and interruptible heat load to total heat load; , represent the regulation states of electrical and heat interruptible loads at time t.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein Based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, determining the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system for flexible load users includes: Based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model, determine the load response degree index of the flexible load user; the load response degree index is expressed as: ; where: is the response degree index of the s-th type of load at time t; TSE and TSH respectively represent the shiftable electric and heat loads; IE and IH respectively represent the interruptible electric and heat loads. Define the target time period and the acceptable time period of the shiftable load users respectively ;​ Based on the target time period and the acceptable time period, determining a load shift matching degree index; the load shift matching degree index is expressed as: ； Wherein, is the time-shift matching degree index of the s-th type of load at time t; is the starting transfer time of the transferable load; is the starting time of the target period at time t; is the ending time of the target period at time t; is the starting time of the acceptable period of the transferable load user at time t; is the ending time of the acceptable period of the transferable load user at time t; Determining a load curtailment limit degree index; the load curtailment limit degree index is expressed as: ; Wherein: is the reduction limit index of interruptible electrical load at time t, is the reduction limit index of interruptible heat load at time t; Determine the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the integrated energy system based on the load response degree index, the load time shift matching degree index, and the load reduction limit degree index; the energy consumption satisfaction degree of the integrated energy system is expressed as: ; where: is the comprehensive energy consumption satisfaction index of the s-th type of load user at time t, , are the weight coefficients of the corresponding indexes.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The demand response dynamic compensation cost model is expressed as: ； In the formula, is the dynamic compensation cost for demand response paid by the VPP to the s - type flexible load users at time t, and s ∈ {TSE, IE, TSH, IH} is the flexible user load category; , are the upper and lower limits of the compensation cost respectively; , are the upper and lower critical points of the comprehensive energy utilization satisfaction respectively.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The constraint conditions include: System power balance constraint: ； ； ； Energy conversion equipment constraint: ； Wherein: and are the maximum and minimum output powers of device x, respectively; is the output power of device x; is the working state of unit x at time t; Energy storage equipment capacity constraint: ； Wherein: and are respectively the maximum and minimum storage capacities of the energy storage device m; is the storage capacity of the energy storage device m at time period t; Energy storage equipment charge and discharge power constraint: ； In the formula: is a 0-1 variable used to indicate that the charging and discharging of energy storage device m cannot occur simultaneously, = 1 indicates that the energy storage device is charging, = 0 indicates that the energy storage device is discharging; and respectively represent the upper limits of the charging and discharging power of energy storage device m; and respectively represent the charging and discharging power of energy storage device m at time t; Same starting conditions for the energy storage equipment in different scheduling cycles: ； Wherein: is the initial capacity of the energy storage device m; is the remaining capacity of the energy storage device m after one cycle of operation.

7. An integrated energy system optimal scheduling device based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation, characterized in that The device includes: A construction module for constructing an operation framework for an integrated energy system based on the coordination of electrolytic molten carbonate - electricity - hydrogen production - hydrogen fuel cell; the operation framework of the integrated energy system includes an output supply side, an energy conversion side, and a load demand side; The construction module is also used for respectively constructing a first mathematical model for the energy conversion side and a second mathematical model for the load demand side; A determination module for determining the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system for flexible load users based on the first mathematical model and the second mathematical model; The construction module is also used for constructing a demand response dynamic compensation cost model for the flexible load users based on the energy consumption satisfaction of the integrated energy system; The construction module is also used for constructing an optimization scheduling model for the integrated energy system based on electrolytic carbonate and a dynamic compensation mechanism, as well as the constraint conditions corresponding to the optimization scheduling model of the integrated energy system, with the lowest operation cost of the integrated energy system as the objective function; The objective function is expressed as: ; where is the operating cost of the VPP per unit period, is the energy purchase cost, is the equipment operation and maintenance cost, is the equipment start-up and shut-down cost, is the net carbon trading cost, is the demand response compensation cost, is the system reserve cost, is the system risk cost; The determining module is further configured to determine a carbon emission quota model for the integrated energy system; the calculation formula of the carbon emission quota model is as follows: ; where: is the total carbon emission quota obtained by the VPP, is the carbon emission quota per unit of power generation, is the carbon emission quota per unit of heat supply; is the power purchase power from the distribution network; is the power supply power of the gas turbine; is the heat supply efficiency of the gas turbine; is the input power of the natural gas consumed by the gas turbine; is the heat supply power of the gas boiler; is the amount of CO2 electrolyzed by the molten carbonate electrolysis device at time t; The determining module is further configured to determine a stepped carbon trading cost calculation model based on the carbon emission quota model; the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model is expressed as: ; where: is the benchmark price of the carbon trading market; is the length of different carbon emission intervals; is the growth rate of the carbon trading price; The scheduling module is configured to perform optimal scheduling on the integrated energy system based on the stepped carbon trading cost calculation model and the integrated energy system optimal scheduling model, so as to obtain an optimal scheduling result.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, including: a memory for storing executable instructions; a processor, when executing the executable instructions stored in the memory, implements the integrated energy system optimal scheduling method based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, storing executable instructions, which are used to cause the processor to implement the integrated energy system optimal scheduling method based on electrolytic carbonate and dynamic compensation according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the executable instructions.

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