78results about "Hydrogen separation at low temperature" patented technology

A hydrocarbon stream is combusted within a reactor to produce soot and syngas. Sub-stoichiometric combustion of the hydrocarbon stream within the reactor converts at least 10% of the carbon in the hydrocarbon stream into soot. The syngas is mixed with a steam stream to produce a hydrogenation feed stream. A shift reactor converts at least a portion of the carbon monoxide and steam to carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce a shifted gas stream. Water is separated from the shifted gas stream to produce a dehydrated gas stream. The dehydrated gas stream is separated to produce a hydrogen product stream and a recycle stream. The recycle stream is recycled to the reactor.

The application provides a hydrogen deep removal and moisture removal method. High-concentration raw gas is dynamically mixed with dry low-concentration reflux gas in a mixer to form mixed gas, so as to reduce the hydrogen content and reduce the reaction risk. After pressurized heating, oxygen with a precisely matched hydrogen concentration is injected into a reactor for reaction. The reactor is provided with an alternating fixed and rotatable cylinder, and the inner wall of the flow channel is coated with a catalyst; the corresponding cylinder speed is automatically adjusted based on real-time hydrogen concentration detection downstream, and the speed is accelerated when the concentration exceeds the standard to strengthen turbulent contact and prolong the reaction time, combined with the concentration threshold setting decreasing along the flow direction, so that the hydrogen is deeply removed to an ultralow level. The reaction generates moisture, most of which is separated by two-stage water cooling, and then is deeply adsorbed and dried to be completely removed to an ultralow content. Finally, the gas is divided into two parts, one part is output as product gas, and the other part is completely dried reflux gas which is recycled to the initial mixing step to reduce the reaction risk of high hydrogen content.

There are provided systems and methods for using fuel rich partial oxidation to produce an end product from waste gases, such as flare gas. Lambda sensor modifications and other control parameters that provide closed-loop mixture control at extremely fuel-rich operating conditions utilizing feed-forward and feedback approaches, physics-based engine models, novel use of a lambda sensor (02-based sensor), sensors with intermittent contact with the gas stream. In an embodiment the system and method use air-breathing engines having control systems, control parameters, sensors and input / output (I / O) for the fuel rich (ER of 1.2 and greater), partial oxidation of the flare gas to form syngas. In embodiments the syngas is further converted into an end product. In an embodiment the end product is methanol.

An apparatus for steam reforming includes a reactor, a condensate separator, a condensate stripper, and a steam boiler. The reactor produces hydrogen and is connected to the condensate separator such that a gas mixture is conducted from the reactor into the condensate separator. The condensate separator and the condensate stripper are connected so that condensate separated out in the condensate separator is conducted into the condensate stripper. The condensate separator and the steam boiler are connected such that cleaned condensate can be conducted into the steam boiler. The steam boiler is connected to the reactor and to the condensate stripper in a steam-conducting manner. The boiler water feed line of the steam boiler is connectable to the condensate stripper in a liquid-conducting manner. A supply from the boiler water feed line is at a same location of the condensate stripper as a supply of the condensate from the condensate separator.

A process for steam reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock containing one or more nitrogen compounds, including passing a mixture of the hydrocarbon feedstock and steam through a catalyst bed of one or more nickel steam reforming catalysts disposed within a plurality of externally heated tubes in a tubular steam reformer, each tube having an inlet to which the mixture of hydrocarbon and steam is fed, an outlet from which a reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam, ammonia and methane is recovered. The steam reforming catalyst at least at the outlet of the tubes comprises nickel dispersed over a porous metal oxide surface present as a coating on a non-porous metal or ceramic structure The nickel content of the metal oxide coating is in the range of 5 to 50% by weight and the thickness of the coating is in the range of 5 to 150 micrometres.

The present application relates to a process for producing synthetic ammonia by using hydrogen-containing tail gas, comprising the following steps: S1: sodium cyanide tail gas is pressurized, then heated and water-cooled. S2: the impurity-removed tail gas is desulfurized. S3: the desulfurized tail gas is mixed with chlor-alkali tail gas, the mixed gas is heated and deoxidized. S4: the deoxidized tail gas is pressurized and enters a PSA (pressure swing adsorption) device for pressure swing adsorption treatment, obtaining high-purity hydrogen. In the PSA device, dehydrating, carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide and nitrogen adsorbents are sequentially arranged. The carbon dioxide adsorbent is activated carbon modified by carbonate and strong alkali, and the nitrogen adsorbent is 13X zeolite molecular sieve modified by Na + and Ba 2+ and Ca 2+ ion exchange. S5: nitrogen reacts with the high-purity hydrogen obtained in step S4 to generate ammonia. The present application can improve the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for impurity gas, thereby reducing the replacement frequency of the adsorbent, prolonging the service period and service life of the adsorbent, and improving the production efficiency.

A hydrogen feed stream comprising one or more impurities selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water, is purified using a cryogenic temperature swing adsorption (CTSA) process with high overall recovery of hydrogen. The waste gas from regenerating the CTSA may be used to improve the performance of upstream hydrogen processing steps.

The present invention relates to a method for purifying at least one impurity and compressing hydrogen, comprising at least one thermal compression and cooling of the hydrogen to a temperature strictly below 0°C, either simultaneously or starting with one of the two, to a temperature and pressure combination such that said at least one impurity condenses sufficiently so that the remaining quantity of the impurity in the hydrogen is less than a predetermined value. The present invention also relates to a device specially designed to implement the method according to the invention. Abstract figure: Figure 1

The invention relates to a process for producing hydrogen by reforming hydrocarbons with steam, and separating carbon dioxide. The process comprises an endothermic reforming step and an autothermal reforming step for producing a synthesis gas stream, wherein the heat produced in the autothermal reforming step is used for heating in the endothermic reforming step. The process further comprises a step of converting the obtained synthesis gas stream to enrich hydrogen, a step of separating the thus produced hydrogen by pressure swing adsorption, and a step of separating carbon dioxide from the residual gas obtained from the pressure swing adsorption. The reforming units for the endothermic reforming step and the autothermal reforming step are arranged in parallel to each other or in series.

A process for steam reforming of a hydrocarbon feedstock containing one or more nitrogen compounds is described, the process comprising: passing a mixture of the hydrocarbon feedstock and steam through a catalyst bed consisting of one or more nickel steam reforming catalysts placed in a plurality of externally heated tubes in a tubular steam reformer, wherein each tube has an inlet to feed the hydrocarbon and steam mixture and an outlet to recover a reformate gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam, ammonia and methane, and wherein at least at the outlet of the tube, the steam reforming catalyst is a structured steam reforming catalyst comprising nickel dispersed on the surface of a porous metal oxide present as a coating on a non-porous metal or ceramic structure, wherein the nickel content in the metal oxide coating is in the range of 5 to 50 wt.-% and the thickness of the coating is in the range of 5 to 150 micrometers.

The present invention relates to a process and system for separating carbon monoxide from a syngas mixture having a high methane content by a cryogenic plant in which a partial condensation cycle is typically employed, and more particularly, to mixing methane-rich liquid exiting a distillation column with a lower boiling mixture, the boiling point of the mixed flow is lower than that of the methane-rich liquid.

In a method for separating CO2 by partial condensation and / or distillation - a first gas (1) containing hydrogen, water and carbon dioxide is compressed in a compressor (17), dried in an adsorption drying unit (19) and then separated by partial condensation and / or distillation to produce a CO2-enriched fluid (25) and - a second gas (3), containing carbon dioxide, hydrogen and water, originating from an absorption separation process (A), is cooled in order to condense at least a portion (7) of the water that it contains, the water is separated from the gas forming a dried gas (9) and the dried gas is mixed with the first gas upstream of the adsorption drying unit and optionally upstream of the compressor.

The invention discloses a wide-load high-recovery-rate hydrogen deep purification method which comprises the following steps: introducing crude hydrogen containing oxygen, water and carbon dioxide into a deoxidation reactor filled with a catalyst for catalytic deoxidation reaction, and enabling the oxygen and the hydrogen to react to generate water so as to obtain high-temperature wet hydrogen; wherein the deoxidation reactor is at least filled with a low-temperature activation catalyst and a medium-high-temperature main catalyst; cooling the high-temperature wet hydrogen, and separating liquid water generated by condensation to obtain saturated micro-wet hydrogen rich in carbon dioxide; and introducing the saturated micro-wet hydrogen into an adsorption system, and carrying out deep dehydration and decarbonization on the saturated micro-wet hydrogen to obtain a high-purity hydrogen product. According to the embodiment of the invention, a stable high purification effect can be kept in a wide load range, and application requirements are met.

A hydrogen supply system is used to supply hydrogen. The hydrogen supply system includes: a dehydrogenation reaction unit that obtains hydrogen-containing gas by causing a hydride-containing feedstock to undergo a dehydrogenation reaction; and a control unit that controls the hydrogen supply system. When the generation of hydrogen-containing gas in the dehydrogenation reaction unit is stopped, the control unit causes the hydrogen supply unit to supply hydrogen to the dehydrogenation reaction unit. The hydrogen supply unit supplies at least one of the hydrogen-containing gas between the dehydrogenation reaction unit and a gas-liquid separation unit for separating dehydrogenation products from the hydrogen-containing gas, and the hydrogen-containing gas separated by the gas-liquid separation unit for separating dehydrogenation products from the hydrogen-containing gas.

The invention discloses a refrigeration cycle-based PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production and waste heat utilization system, which comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, a refrigeration cycle system, a gas purification system and a waste heat utilization system, and is characterized in that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, carrying out steam-water separation, cooling gas and removing water; refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle system absorbs heat in the evaporator to cool water or gas, and releases heat in the condenser to heat water or gas. The gas purification system is used for drying the hydrogen to finally obtain high-purity hydrogen; the waste heat utilization system is used for heating alkali liquor at an inlet of the electrolytic bath in the circulation loop by using waste heat generated by electrolyzing water; the waste heat utilization in the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production process is realized, the adaptability of the PEM electrolytic bath to the new energy power generation power fluctuation is further improved, the loss of water, heat and electric energy in the PEM water electrolysis process is reduced, the energy utilization rate of a PEM hydrogen production system is improved, the PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.

A method of producing hydrogen from a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided. Wherein, at least a portion of a fuel stream comprises a superheated ammonia stream. And, at least: a first portion of a hydrogen-rich stream is combined with a shifted syngas stream prior to introduction into a pressure swing adsorber, a second portion of the hydrogen-rich stream is combined with the fuel stream prior to introduction into a steam methane reformer, and / or a third portion of the hydrogen-rich stream is combined with a hydrocarbon containing feedstock stream and a steam stream prior to introduction into a feed pre-heater. Heat integration between the ammonia vaporization and superheating steps is employed to cool process streams to minimize and even eliminate a dedicated cryogenic refrigeration system.

Processes for recovery of carbon dioxide from a gas stream are described. The processes reduce dehydration cost in CO2 capture systems and minimize the formation of COS and H2O and enable water removal with an enhanced solvent-based absorbent operating at a lower temperature. This allows low residual water levels to be achieved in the dried gas. Also, feed streams containing high levels of CO2 and H2S can be treated in an integrated system comprising a cryogenic CO2 fractionation system, an overhead pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit, and a CO2 temperature swing adsorption (TSA) unit. The processes allow recovery of helium and methane as well as CO2 and H2S.

Hydrogen production plant comprising: - At least one reformer (30) for converting a stream comprising a hydrocarbon feedstock (1) through conversion with steam rich in oxygen (02) into a reformed gas stream (32) comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and at least one hydrocarbon as impurity, said reformer (30) comprising exothermic, oxygen-based autothermal (ATR) or partial oxidation (POX) reforming and a heat recovery section (40), - A fired heater (90) configured to preheat the stream comprising the hydrocarbon feedstock (1) before entry into the at least one reformer (30), - At least one water gas shift (WGS) reactor (50) for converting the carbon monoxide of the reformed gas stream (32) into a shifted gas stream (51) containing additional carbon dioxide and hydrogen, - A Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide Recovery Unit (60) located downstream of the WGS reactor (50) and configured to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen from the shifted gas stream (51), and to produce a first product stream (61) enriched in carbon dioxide and a second product stream (62) enriched in hydrogen, a waste stream (63) depleted in both hydrogen and carbon dioxide, - A compressor (70) for compressing a part (65) of the waste gas stream (63) from hydrogen and carbon dioxide recovery unit (60) into a compressed gas stream (71), - A membrane separation system (80) selective for the permeation of hydrogen configured to be fed with the compressed gas stream (71) and to produce a hydrogen- enriched permeate (82) stream and a hydrocarbon-enriched retentate (81) stream, - A passageway for feeding at least part of the hydrogen-enriched permeate (82) to the fired heater (90) to be used as a low-carbon fuel by the fired heater (90), and - A passageway for recycling the hydrocarbon-enriched retentate (81) to the hydrocarbon feed (1) via a pipeline (83) and / or to the reformer (30) via the pipeline (85) and / or to the inlet to the water gas shift reactor (50) via the pipeline (87).

Hydrocarbons and water fed under high pressure are converted into H 2 and CO 2 An apparatus adapted to produce liquid CO is described. The apparatus has an inlet for hydrocarbons (12) and an inlet for water (13), and 2 Outlets for (27) and H 2 The rotating device includes a means for rotating a rotating device (2) having an outlet (28) for hydrogen and water. The rotating device includes a hollow cylindrical evaporator (7) supported inside and around the rotating device and arranged with a heat exchanger connected to a hydrocarbon inlet (12) and a water inlet (13) and receiving a heating fluid (25) flowing from a heat pump HP (11) for directly heating and evaporating the hydrocarbon and water streams, and a steam methane reforming reactor SMR (8) connected to the evaporator (7), the SMR (8) converting hydrogen and water into H 2 , CO, and CO 2 The catalyst is then aligned with the catalyst for converting the crude oil into synthesis gas.

The invention provides a process for preparing hydrogen by a catalytic conversion of sour natural gas, comprising feeding sour natural gas and one or more H2S recycled streams, optionally mixed with fresh C02, to a reformer reactor packed with a catalyst activated in-situ by sul fidation. An apparatus for carrying out the process, to convert sour natural gas to sweet natural gas, hydrogen and carbon disul fide, and catalysts that can be used in the process, are also disclosed.

A process for the production of hydrogen is described, comprising: subjecting a gaseous mixture comprising hydrocarbons and steam, and having a steam to carbon ratio of at least 0.9:1, to adiabatic pre-reforming in a pre-reformer, followed by autothermal reforming with oxygen-enriched gas in an autothermal reformer to generate a reformed gas mixture; optionally adding steam to the reformed gas mixture; subjecting the reformed gas mixture to one or more water gas shift stages in a water gas shift unit to increase the hydrogen content of the reformed gas mixture to provide a hydrogen-enriched reformed gas; cooling the hydrogen-enriched reformed gas and separating condensed water therefrom; passing the resulting dehydrated hydrogen-enriched reformed gas to a carbon dioxide separation unit to provide a carbon dioxide gas stream and a crude hydrogen gas stream; and passing the crude hydrogen gas stream to a purification unit to provide purified hydrogen gas and a fuel gas, wherein the fuel gas is supplied to one or more combustion heaters used to heat one or more process streams in the process.

According to the continuous hydrogen release device and method based on the sodium aluminum hydride hydrolysis method, in the continuous hydrogen release device based on the sodium aluminum hydride hydrolysis method, a conveying device inputs sodium aluminum hydride slurry through a slurry conveying line and inputs water through a water conveying line, and a reactor is connected with the conveying device so as to generate a reaction product based on the reaction of the sodium aluminum hydride slurry and the water; the gas-liquid separator is of a vertically-placed cylindrical structure and comprises an inlet formed in the middle position, an upper outlet and a lower outlet, the upper outlet and the lower outlet are formed in the two ends, the inlet is connected with the reactor so that reaction products can be guided in for gas-liquid separation, and the lower inlet of the condenser is connected with the upper outlet so that gas from the gas-liquid separator can be condensed. The purification tower is connected with the upper outlet of the condenser to dry gas; the sedimentation tank is connected with the lower outlet to separate organic carriers in reaction products.

There are provided CCUS systems and methods having gas-to-liquid systems and processes, e.g., for processing flare gas to methanol. In these systems an air-breathing engine reformer produces a syngas intermediate that is further converted to methanol in a downstream synthesis step. The CCUS system has a CO2 separator that receives a gas-phase stream and separates this stream into two streams, a CO2-rich stream and a CO2-depleted stream. The CCUS systems may further have a hydrogen separator that receive a gas-phase stream and separates that stream into a hydrogen¬ rich stream and a hydrogen-depleted stream. The CO2-rich stream can be used for use in EOR, storage or both.

The invention relates to the field of methane cracking, in particular to a process and system for co-producing hydrogen and a carbon material through methane cracking, and the process for co-producing hydrogen and the carbon material through methane cracking comprises the following steps: S1, a first feed gas is subjected to a methane cracking reaction in a first reactor to obtain a first mixed gas and a first carbon material; s2, filtering the second feed gas, the first mixed gas generated in the step S1 and the first carbon material, intercepting the first carbon material, and flowing out the second feed gas and the first mixed gas, namely second mixed gas; s3, the second mixed gas obtained in the step S2 is subjected to a methane cracking reaction through a second reactor, and hydrogen-rich mixed gas, tar steam and a second carbon material are generated; s4, separating out tar from the hydrogen-rich mixed gas and the tar steam obtained in the step S4 through oil-gas separation, and collecting the hydrogen-rich mixed gas; s5, purifying the hydrogen-rich mixed gas obtained in the step S4 to obtain hydrogen and purge gas; s6, washing and drying the first carbon material intercepted in the step S2 to obtain a dried first carbon material; and S7, combusting the tar obtained in the step S4 by using the purge gas obtained in the step S5, and providing heat for the drying treatment in the step S6 by using high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion.

The application discloses a hydrogen production system and method for co-production of nitrogen, which comprises a third oxygen-permeable membrane reactor, a fourth oxygen-permeable membrane reactor, a second oxygen-permeable membrane reactor, a first oxygen-permeable membrane reactor and a first condenser; the oxygen-poor air outlet of the third oxygen-permeable membrane reactor is communicated with the inlet of the fourth oxygen-permeable membrane reactor; the high-temperature gas three-outlet of the third oxygen-permeable membrane reactor is communicated with the inlet of the second oxygen-permeable membrane reactor; the high-temperature gas four-outlet of the fourth oxygen-permeable membrane reactor is communicated with the inlet of the second oxygen-permeable membrane reactor; the high-temperature gas two-outlet of the second oxygen-permeable membrane reactor is communicated with the inlet of the first oxygen-permeable membrane reactor; the hydrogen-rich gas outlet of the first oxygen-permeable membrane reactor is communicated with the inlet of the first condenser; and the high-temperature gas one-outlet of the first oxygen-permeable membrane reactor is communicated with the inlets of the third and fourth oxygen-permeable membrane reactors; the system can produce hydrogen conveniently, efficiently and economically and obtain high-purity nitrogen.

Improved processes and systems for producing renewable hydrogen suitable for reducing metal ores and for producing activated carbon are disclosed. Some variations provide a process that includes pyrolyzing biomass to produce a carbon-containing bio-reagent and a pyrolysis off-gas, converting the pyrolysis off-gas to additional reducing gas and / or heat, reacting at least a portion of the bio-reagent with a reactant to produce the reducing gas, and chemically reducing metal oxides in the presence of the reducing gas. Some variations provide a process for producing renewable hydrogen by biomass pyrolysis to produce a bio-reagent, converting the bio-reagent to a reducing gas, and separating and recovering hydrogen from the reducing gas. A reducing gas composition for reducing metal oxides is provided that includes renewable hydrogen by hydrogen isotope analysis. The reacted bio-reagent can also be recovered as an activated carbon product. Many variations are disclosed.

The invention discloses a hydrogen purification device capable of preventing combustion explosion of hydrogen, which relates to the technical field of filtration and purification and comprises a purification box and a transmission structure, the transmission structure comprises a water supply pipe rotationally penetrating through the top of the purification box, a flow dividing box fixedly connected with the outer side of the bottom end of the water supply pipe, a transmission plate fixedly connected with the bottom end of the water supply pipe, a transmission shaft II fixedly connected with the bottom end of the transmission plate, a discharging pipe fixedly connected with the bottom end of the transmission shaft II and a linkage assembly mounted on the outer side of the discharging pipe; hydrogen cannot make contact with the second flow guide groove and cannot be discharged, the non-stop impurity discharging function is achieved, in the concentrated discharging process of impurities stored in the filter screen cylinder, discharging of the impurities and dredging of the filter screen cylinder can be completed only by discharging a small amount of waste water, the service life of the filter screen cylinder and the waste water filtering speed are guaranteed, and energy is saved. And impurities are removed without operation of workers, so that the labor cost investment is reduced.

This invention discloses a separation device for hydrogen production in an alkaline water electrolyzer used in environmental engineering, relating to the field of energy technology in environmental engineering. It includes a hydrogen separation tank and a cooling separation assembly. The end of the hydrogen separation tank is connected to a gas-liquid inlet pipe via a flange to receive the gas-liquid mixture generated by alkaline water electrolysis. Its top is connected to an exhaust pipe via a flange to transport the separated hydrogen containing alkaline vapor impurities. This separation device, based on gravity separation, cools the hydrogen containing alkaline vapor impurities after initial separation using a cooling water baffle. This liquefies the alkaline vapor, increasing its weight and achieving secondary separation. It effectively solves the problem of separating high-temperature alkaline vapor. Simultaneously, the output motor drives a ring piston to continuously rise and fall, providing the driving force for the circulating flow of cooling water. This ensures the circulating flow of coolant and, in conjunction with the heat dissipation and cooling mechanism, achieves long-term effective cooling.

A plant and process for producing a hydrogen rich gas are provided, the process including the steps of: reforming a hydrocarbon feed in a reforming step thereby obtaining a synthesis gas including CH4, CO, CO2, H2 and H2O; shifting the synthesis gas in a shift configuration including a high temperature shift step; removal of CO2 upstream hydrogen purification unit, such as a pressure swing adsorption unit (PSA), and recycling off-gas from hydrogen purification unit and mix it with natural gas upstream prereformer feed preheater, prereformer, reformer feed preheater or ATR or shift as feed for the process.

The application discloses a hydrogen treatment system for a chlor-alkali device, the chlor-alkali device comprising a plurality of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzers, the hydrogen treatment system comprising a hydrogen washing tower, a hydrogen gas cabinet, a hydrogen cooler, a water mist catcher and a plurality of hydrogen compressor units connected in sequence, the inlet of the hydrogen washing tower being connected with the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzers, the outlet of the hydrogen washing tower being connected with the hydrogen gas cabinet, the outlet of the hydrogen gas cabinet being connected with the hydrogen cooler, the outlet of the hydrogen cooler being connected with the water mist catcher, the outlet of the water mist catcher being connected with each hydrogen compressor unit through a collecting pipe, and the outlet of each hydrogen compressor unit being connected with a downstream device through a pipeline. The hydrogen cooler, the catcher and the like are combined into one from a plurality of devices, related processes are concentratedly treated, equipment investment cost is reduced, and equipment maintenance cost in the later period is reduced; when the downstream device produces abnormally, hydrogen can be temporarily stored in the gas cabinet, and chlor-alkali device production is stabilized and is not affected by the downstream device.