444results about "Hydrogen separation by diffusion" patented technology

A fuel reforming system for a vehicle on which a reciprocating engine is mounted is provided can comprise a decomposer to decompose hydrocarbon fuel into carbon and hydrogen gas by using heat and a pressure of combustion gas and a catalyst and to hold carbon. The decomposer can communicate with a combustion chamber via an openable / closable third port. A reforming space in which a reforming member including the catalyst is installed can be on the side of a connection portion of the decomposer with the third port. On an opposite side of interior of the connection portion of the decomposer with the third port, an additional space is provided to accommodate residual gas that remains in the third port and the decomposer when combustion gas is introduced into the decomposer through the third port.

A process to purify helium from a feed gas stream containing a mixture of at least nitrogen, methane and helium including introducing the feed gas stream into a first helium membrane separation unit, thereby producing a first helium membrane permeate and a first helium membrane residue; introducing at least part of the first residue into a first nitrogen membrane separation unit thereby producing a first nitrogen membrane permeate stream; introducing a stream derived from the first helium membrane permeate into a hydrogen PSA unit thereby producing a helium rich product stream. Wherein a stream derived from the first nitrogen membrane permeate stream exits the system as a fuel gas product stream. Wherein the feed gas stream has a higher heating value, and wherein the first nitrogen membrane permeate stream has a higher heating value at least 5% higher than the higher heating value of the feed gas.

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical catalysis, in particular to a copper-silicon catalyzed cyclohexanol gradient dehydrogenation and hydrogen recycling method which comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a gradient catalyst, namely carrying out surface hydroxyl regulation pretreatment on porous silica gel, and loading a copper salt solution by adopting a step-by-step impregnation method to form gradient distribution with gradually decreased copper loading capacity from outside to inside, carrying out segmented heating reduction in a reducing atmosphere containing 5vol% of H2 / N2; 2, gradient dehydrogenation reaction process control; and 3, hydrogen in-situ separation and cyclic utilization: separating hydrogen from the reaction outlet gas through a palladium alloy membrane, controlling the pressure difference of the two sides of the membrane to maintain the permeation flux, returning the separated hydrogen to the inlet of the reactor to adjust the hydrogen partial pressure, and storing the residual hydrogen. Through gradient catalyst preparation, accurate reaction process control and efficient hydrogen recovery technologies, the cyclohexanone production efficiency is improved, and long-term stability of the catalyst and efficient recycling of hydrogen are achieved.

The invention relates to an external field intelligent regulation and control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device and system. The device comprises a Fresnel lens; the double-layer vacuum glass tube comprises an outer-layer glass tube, an inner-layer glass tube and a vacuum layer located between the outer-layer glass tube and the inner-layer glass tube, and the inner-layer glass tube is connected with an external water source and the separation module; the Helmholtz coil comprises two conductor coils, and the two conductor coils are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the outer-layer glass tube in a sleeving mode and are communicated with an external power source; the photocatalyst is arranged in the inner-layer glass tube and is positioned at a strip-shaped light band of the sunlight focused by the Fresnel lens; the separation module comprises a hydrogen separation membrane and a gas outlet and is used for efficiently separating gas generated by reaction; the Fresnel lens is connected with the double-layer vacuum glass tube through the fixing support and located on the upper side of the double-layer vacuum glass tube. The Helmholtz coil is used for generating a magnetic field to improve the photo-generated charge separation efficiency in the photocatalytic reaction process, so that the hydrogen production efficiency is improved. The efficiency of photocatalytic reaction hydrogen production can be improved through precise regulation and control of an external field.

Disclosed are multi-cartridge hollow fiber membrane apparatuses and methods for gas separation using them. Each external pressure type membrane apparatus contains one or more series of cartridges wherein the cartridges within each series are arranged sequentially. The retentate gas generated by each preceding cartridge in the series is used as a feed gas to the next cartridge in the series, and the permeate gas generated by a cartridge following the first cartridge in the series is used as a sweep gas on the permeate side of the preceding cartridge. The multicomponent gas mixture is separated into one or more products by the method of the invention with improved product recovery and / or product purity.

A method for recovering waste heat and water vapor from a dryer system integrated in a hydrogen plant is described. The method includes receiving regeneration gas from a downstream unit of the hydrogen plant; using heat from the hydrogen plant to heat at least a part of the regeneration gas and form spent regeneration gas through a heating step and a cooling step; recycling spent regeneration gas back to the hydrogen plant that uses heat from the spent regeneration gas; and using desorbed water in the spent regeneration gas as process steam in the hydrogen plant.

The present invention discloses a method for selecting a target palladium membrane, a method for performing a hydrogen-related reaction, and a method and system for determining permeation and diffusion rates. The selection method includes the steps of determining the target lattice parameters and target metal composition and their proportions of the target palladium membrane from the target permeation and diffusion rate of hydrogen gas through the target palladium membrane, the target thickness of the target palladium membrane, and the correspondence between the target permeation and diffusion rate of hydrogen gas through a sample palladium membrane and a specific parameter set of the sample palladium membrane, and selecting a palladium membrane having the target lattice parameters, the target metal composition and its proportions, and the target thickness as the target palladium membrane. The present invention allows for efficient and convenient selection of an appropriate palladium membrane that satisfies the target hydrogen gas permeation and diffusion rate of a hydrogen-related reaction, conveniently measuring the hydrogen gas permeation and diffusion rate of the palladium membrane, and accurately controlling the progress of the hydrogen-related reaction.

The invention discloses a system for efficiently utilizing biomass to prepare green methanol. The system comprises a biomass pyrolysis unit, a synthesis gas preparation unit, a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjusting unit and a green methanol synthesis unit, the biomass is conveyed to a biomass pyrolysis unit to be subjected to a pyrolysis reaction, then gas-solid separation is conducted, and biochar and biomass pyrolysis gas are obtained; conveying the biochar and fresh water and / or seawater to a synthesis gas preparation unit for water gas reaction to obtain synthesis gas and co-production by-products; the synthesis gas and the biomass pyrolysis gas are fed into a hydrogen-carbon ratio adjusting unit to adjust the ratio of hydrogen-carbon components in the synthesis gas and the biomass pyrolysis gas, so that the ratio meets the stoichiometric hydrogen-carbon molar ratio requirement required by the green methanol synthesis reaction; the synthesis gas and the biomass pyrolysis gas meeting the hydrogen-carbon molar ratio are conveyed to a green methanol synthesis subunit for a methanol synthesis reaction, and green methanol is obtained; in the green methanol, carbon atoms come from biomass, and hydrogen atoms come from biomass, fresh water or seawater.

The disclosure relates to adapters, systems, and methods to connect a metal component and a ceramic component. The systems and methods generally include a metal header, a header seal and a zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) header.

Compositions and methods for the catalysis of methane pyrolysis. Compositions include a catalyst system that includes a medium entropy alloy particle and a support. Methods include catalyzing the pyrolysis of methane using the catalyst system.

The invention relates to a process (100, 100', 100") and an apparatus for producing a hydrogen-containing product, wherein, in a production operating mode, an ammonia feed (1, 2) is reacted with catalytic assistance in an ammonia cracker (20), to which heat is supplied, to obtain a cracking gas (3, 4) containing ammonia, hydrogen, and nitrogen. A characteristic feature is that the ammonia cracker (20) can also be operated in a standby operating mode, wherein the cracking gas (3, 4) or a portion thereof is recycled as feed to the ammonia cracker (20).

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas membrane separation, and discloses a preparation method of a fluorinated MOFs (Metal-Organic Frameworks) mixed matrix membrane for efficiently extracting hydrogen / helium from natural gas. CF3 is introduced into an MOFs framework to prepare fluorinated MOFs, and introduction of CF3 reduces the aperture of MOFs, enhances the molecular sieving effect, and improves the diffusion selectivity of H2 (He) / CH4. In addition,-CF3 has an inhibition effect on CH4 adsorption, and the dissolution selectivity of H2 (He) / CH4 separation is improved. The existence of-CF3 in the fluorinated MOFs can induce the MOFs and the polymer to form dipole-dipole interaction (C-F... O = C), so that the filler and the polymer have good interfacial compatibility, the improvement of the filler loading capacity is facilitated, and meanwhile, the generation of non-selective defects at an interface is avoided. The mixed matrix membrane prepared by the method has important significance in the field of high-efficiency hydrogen / helium extraction of natural gas.

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas separation, and particularly relates to a method for separating and purifying hydrogen from middle and low pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas. According to the method, a membrane separation process and a pressure swing adsorption process are coupled for purifying hydrogen. In order to solve the technical problems of low hydrogen doping proportion, high purification difficulty and the like in the middle-low pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas, a membrane separation and pressure swing adsorption combined process flow is adopted, hydrogen is separated and concentrated from the hydrogen-doped natural gas by using a membrane separation method, then the hydrogen is purified by using a pressure swing adsorption method, the purity of the obtained hydrogen can reach 99.999%, and the purity of the obtained hydrogen can reach 99.999%. And the requirements of high-purity hydrogen and hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles are met.

A system optionally including a carbon oxide reactor. A method for carbon oxide reactor control, optionally including selecting carbon oxide reactor aspects based on a desired output composition, running a carbon oxide reactor under controlled process conditions to produce a desired output composition, and / or altering the process conditions to alter the output composition.

The application discloses a method suitable for hydrogen production in situ in an oil reservoir underground, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development. The method comprises the following steps: arranging three horizontal wells, i.e., upper, middle and lower horizontal wells, and a temperature detection well in the same reservoir, the temperature detection well is used for detecting the temperature of the middle horizontal well, and a hydrogen gas filter membrane is arranged at the upper horizontal well; a heating device is arranged at the middle horizontal well, a close cutting volume fracturing is carried out around the well, and a reaction zone is formed by filling a catalyst and a heat-conducting agent; in-situ ignition is carried out at the lower horizontal well, and an oxygen-containing gas is injected, so that the oxygen-containing gas is incompletely combusted to generate CO and CO2 and form a gasification zone; a heating device is used for heating to above 450 DEG C, when the gas in the gasification zone enters the reaction zone, water vapor is injected to carry out high-efficiency hydrogen production; and the upper horizontal well is opened, and the hydrogen gas filter membrane is used for extracting hydrogen gas. The hydrogen production block is separated, the underground hydrogen production efficiency is greatly improved, the energy utilization rate is improved, and therefore the method has good application value.

The present disclosure relates to the field of catalytic reactors, specifically to a low-temperature catalytic methane splitting reactor operating between 500°C and 650°C. The reactor is designed for the continuous production of high-purity hydrogen and graphitic carbon, with no CO₂ emissions, using a novel combination of supported catalysts, reaction module, and a membrane-based gas separation system.

Hydrogen purification devices and their components are disclosed. In some embodiments, the device can include at least one foil microscreen assembly disposed between and coupled to a first end frame and a second end frame. The at least one foil microscreen assembly can include at least one hydrogen-selective membrane and at least one microscreen structure including a non-porous planar sheet having a plurality of apertures forming a plurality of fluid passages. The planar sheet can include generally opposing planar surfaces configured to provide support for the permeate side. The plurality of fluid passages can extend between the opposing surfaces. The at least one hydrogen-selective membrane can be metallurgically bonded to the at least one microscreen structure.

A system optionally including a carbon oxide reactor. A method for carbon oxide reactor control, optionally including selecting carbon oxide reactor aspects based on a desired output composition, running a carbon oxide reactor under controlled process conditions to produce a desired output composition, and / or altering the process conditions to alter the output composition.

To provide a process and an apparatus for the production of hydrogen gas from ammonia, and a use of the apparatus, so that the overall process has improved modularity while the process is made simple and has the optimized cost and conversion rate.SOLUTION: The invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogen gas (4) from ammonia, thereby obtaining an effluent gas (6) including hydrogen gas. The process includes the steps of providing an ammonia feedstock stream (8) and performing at least one electrical heating and conversion step, the step including: heating in at least one electric heater (12) the ammonia feedstock stream so as to produce a heated gas stream (14); and performing in at least one adiabatic reactor (16) an endothermic cracking reaction of the heated gas stream (14). The adiabatic reactor includes at least one catalyst bed (18) performing the endothermic cracking reaction of the ammonia feedstock stream into the effluent gas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The present invention provides an energy optimal management system using turquoise hydrogen, the system comprising: a turquoise hydrogen production system (300) in which a portion of methane flows and is pyrolyzed so that turquoise hydrogen and heat are produced; a fuel cell (500) to which the turquoise hydrogen produced in the turquoise hydrogen production system (300) flows so that electricity and heat are produced by means of an electrical reaction; a hydrogen engine system (700) in which the turquoise hydrogen produced in the turquoise hydrogen production system (300) flows and is combusted so that electricity and heat are produced; and a cogeneration system (600) to which the other portion of methane flows and heat flows from the fuel cell (500) so that electricity and heat are produced.

A method of treating a gas stream that includes: performing a first pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process generating a first H2-product gas and a first PSA tail gas from a first feed gas, the first PSA tail gas including a residual H2 and CO2; separating CO2 from the first PSA tail gas using a CO2 selective membrane, generating a CO2-rich permeate gas and a CO2-lean rejected gas; performing a second PSA process generating a second H2-product gas and a second PSA tail gas from a second feed gas, the second PSA tail gas including another residual H2; mixing the CO2-lean rejected gas and the second PSA tail gas to generate a mixed tail gas; and separating the residual H2 and the another residual H2 from the mixed tail gas using an H2 selective membrane, generating a recovered H2 permeate gas and a final rejected gas.

A method for recovering waste heat and water vapor from a dryer system integrated in a hydrogen plant is described. The method includes receiving regeneration gas from a downstream unit of the hydrogen plant; using heat from the hydrogen plant to heat at least a part of the regeneration gas and form spent regeneration gas through a heating step and a cooling step; recycling spent regeneration gas back to the hydrogen plant that uses heat from the spent regeneration gas; and using desorbed water in the spent regeneration gas as process steam in the hydrogen plant.

Methods of hydrogen (H2) production is provided. The method includes: performing steam cracking of a feed to generate an olefin product and a tail gas including methane; reforming the methane to form a syngas including H2 and carbon monoxide (CO); providing the syngas into a reaction vessel to a region external to a tubular membrane in the reaction vessel; providing a steam into the reaction vessel to the region; performing water-gas shift reaction (WGS) of the syngas in the reaction vessel to form a product gas including the H2 and carbon dioxide (CO2); diffusing the H2 in the product gas through the tubular H2-selective membrane into its bore; discharging the H2 from the bore of the tubular H2-selective membrane; discharging a remainder of the product gas from the external region; and generating heat using the H2 as fuel, where the heat is used for the steam cracking.

An embodiment described herein provides a method of treating a gas stream, where the method includes: flowing the gas stream containing H2S and CO2 into a plasma reactor; igniting a plasma in the plasma reactor containing the gas stream; decomposing the H2S to generate H2 and elemental sulfur in the plasma generating a product gas stream; condensing the elemental sulfur from the product gas stream as a liquid; and separating the H2 from the product gas stream.

A method of catalytic ammonia decomposition is provided. The method includes: flowing ammonia into a reactor charged with a medium entropy metal alloy (MEA) catalyst including a first principal metal, a second principal metal, and a third principal metal, where each of the principal metals is independently selected without repetition from the group consisting of Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Al, Cu, Zn, Ti, Zr, Mo, V, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Ce, Y, Yb, Sn, Ga, In, and Be; and catalytically decomposing the ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen over the MEA catalyst in the reactor at a reaction temperature between 200° C. and 900° C.

An autothermal ammonia reactor includes a chamber, a hydrogen-separation membrane within the chamber, and an ammonia decomposition catalyst. The chamber receives ammonia and air. The chamber including a combustion zone, a catalytic zone, and a hydrogen zone. The catalytic zone is in thermal communication with the combustion zone. The chamber directs the air and a portion of the ammonia from the fluid inlet to the combustion zone to allow the air and ammonia to exothermically react to generate thermal energy. The chamber directs another portion of the ammonia into the catalytic zone to decompose into hydrogen and nitrogen as the ammonia is exposed to the thermal energy from the combustion zone and contacts the catalyst. The chamber directs the hydrogen from the catalytic zone, through a surface of the hydrogen-separation membrane, to the hydrogen zone to allow the hydrogen to exit the chamber through the fluid outlet.

A process includes feeding atmospheric air to an air separation unit to produce a flow of nitrogen and a flow of oxygen; combining the oxygen with a hydrocarbon flow and water in an auto-thermal reformer to produce a retentate stream to a membrane water gas shift reactor (M-WGSR); generating, from the retentate stream to the M-WGSR, a permeate stream from the M-WGSR that includes a first flow of carbon dioxide and a first combined flow of hydrogen and nitrogen; feeding a retentate stream to a membrane steam methane reformer (M-SMR) to produce a permeate stream from the M-SMR that includes a second flow of carbon dioxide and a second combined flow of hydrogen and nitrogen; feeding the first and second combined flows to an ammonia synthesis unit to produce ammonia; and feeding the first and second flows of carbon dioxide and the ammonia to a urea synthesis unit to produce a flow of urea by fully utilizing the carbon dioxide.

The invention discloses a gas turbine combined cycle cooling, heating, power and hydrogen combined supply system coupling high-temperature heat storage and phase change cold storage and an operation control method thereof, the system is composed of a power plant inner side subsystem and an outer side subsystem, the power plant inner side subsystem comprises a gas turbine combined cycle unit, a high-temperature heat storage unit and a steam collector, the split-flow heat storage of high-temperature exhaust smoke heat and the flexible allocation of high-temperature steam are realized; the system comprises a hydrogen production unit and a heat and cold supply pipe network, and is combined with a steam turbine, an absorption refrigeration device, a mechanical refrigeration device and a phase change cold storage device, so that efficient supply and gradient utilization in a multi-energy form are realized. The operation control method provided by the invention comprises the steps of parameter acquisition and demand prediction, steam distribution regulation and control, heat storage and heat release management, hydrogen production load regulation and waste heat coupling utilization, cold and heat energy regulation, cold storage balance and the like, and is assisted by layered optimization control of an energy management platform; and multi-energy cooperative supply and flexible peak regulation of electric power, heat energy, cold energy and hydrogen energy can be achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment, in particular to an oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device and a tail gas treatment method.The oil residue ammonia production tail gas treatment device comprises a base, a large-particle filtering unit is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, and a heat exchange assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the large-particle filtering unit; a spraying purification assembly is fixedly installed on one side of the heat exchange assembly, a purified gas conveying pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the spraying purification assembly, a gas conveying opening of the spraying purification assembly is fixedly connected with the heat exchange assembly, and a hydrogen extraction assembly is fixedly installed at an exhaust opening of the heat exchange assembly; the output end of the driving motor drives the lifting screw rod to rotate, the lifting screw rod drives the sleeve to move, inflated gas is compressed to reach set pressure, gas containing hydrogen is subjected to permeability extraction through the polyimide film, hydrogen in tail gas is extracted, and the purpose that the hydrogen in the tail gas is extracted is achieved. And the problem of resource waste caused by direct emission of hydrogen is avoided.

A supported carbon molecular sieve membrane having aluminum atomically distributed in it, wherein: the aluminum is present in an amount of equal to or lower than 15 wt. % of the carbon molecular sieve membrane; the membrane comprises a pore size distribution in which at least 70% of the pores have a pore size from 0.25 to 0.7 nm; and which is obtainable by dip-coating a support with a solution comprising a phenolic-resin and aluminum ions, followed by carbonization. The carbon content of the carbon molecular sieve membrane is from 75 wt. % to 95 wt. %, the oxygen content is from 2.5 wt. % to 8 wt. %, and the hydrogen content is from 1.5 wt. % to 6% wt. %. These CMSMs are useful for gas separation, H2 recovery from natural gas grids, H2 production from biomass, solvent dehydration, obtaining oxygen-enriched air, or dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane, and as a catalytic membrane reactor or part of a catalytic membrane reactor.