102 results about "Cryogenic temperature" patented technology

The invention discloses a multifunctional integrated gas control system for a dilution refrigerator, and particularly relates to the field of refrigeration and low-temperature engineering, which comprises a liquid nitrogen cold trap, a gas buffer tank, an integrated valve box, a dilution refrigeration internal circulation pipeline, a diaphragm compressor, a roots pump, a turbo molecular pump and a vacuum suction pump set. According to the system, a highly-integrated valve box module is used and is responsible for implementing gas circuit control on different stages such as dilution refrigeration cycle starting, operation and shutdown rewarming; according to the invention, conductance optimization and heat loss reduction are carried out on gas paths with different temperature zones and different pressures, high air tightness of a full temperature zone from room temperature to extremely low temperature is ensured, the reliability and the automation degree of the dilution refrigerating machine are improved, and very positive significance is provided for practicability of a dilution refrigerating system.

Plant and method for producing hydrogen at cryogenic temperature, comprising: an electrolyzer; a hydrogen circuit to be cooled, comprising an upstream end connected to the hydrogen outlet and a downstream end to be connected to a member for collecting cooled and / or liquefied hydrogen, the plant also comprising a set of heat exchanger(s) in heat exchange with the hydrogen circuit to be cooled, the plant comprising at least one cooling device in heat exchange with at least a portion of the set of heat exchanger(s), the plant further comprising an oxygen circuit comprising an upstream end connected to the oxygen outlet and a downstream end, the oxygen circuit comprising a system for expanding the oxygen stream and at least one heat exchange between the expanded oxygen stream and the hydrogen circuit to be cooled, characterized in that the oxygen circuit comprises at least one oxygen compressor arranged upstream of the oxygen stream expansion system, the oxygen stream expansion system comprising an expansion turbine and in that said expansion turbine and said compressor are coupled to the same rotating shaft to transfer expansion work from the pressurized oxygen stream to the compressor in order to compress the oxygen stream upstream of the turbine.

Systems and methods are directed toward low temperature testing of motion, vibration, or force responses of test fixtures. For cryogenic shock testing, a test object can be secured on a test apparatus, such as a test fixture of a shock table. An elongated enclosure, such as a flexible tube, can be connected between the test fixture and a laser vibrometer, positioned orthogonal to a surface normal at a test region of the test fixture to enable light emitted by the vibrometer to be reflected from the test region back to the vibrometer. A flow of purge gas can be introduced into the tube, proximate the test fixture, to direct moisture away from the test fixture. The flow can prevent condensation or ice from forming on the surface of the test fixture at the cryogenic temperature. A shock event can be simulated, and the response of the test region measured by the laser vibrometer. The impact of the shock event on the test object can then be observed.

The invention provides a temperature sensor based on a negative resistance temperature coefficient film and a preparation method, and the method comprises the steps: depositing the negative resistance temperature coefficient film on a substrate as a temperature sensitive film of the sensor, and adjusting the stress level of the negative resistance temperature coefficient film, regulating and controlling the phase change degree and the conductivity of the negative resistance temperature coefficient thin film to realize regulation and control of the temperature sensing characteristic of the negative resistance temperature coefficient thin film so as to obtain a target negative resistance temperature coefficient thin film; and processing the negative resistance temperature coefficient film through an MEMS technology to obtain a target temperature sensor. By regulating the stress level in the negative resistance temperature coefficient thin film, the high-sensitivity temperature zone of the temperature sensor based on the negative resistance temperature coefficient thin film can be regulated in a range from deep hypothermia to room temperature, the temperature range of the high-sensitivity sensing temperature zone of the temperature sensor is widened, and the stability of the temperature sensor can be ensured.

A wearable garment, such as a vest, for providing thermal conditioning, for example cooling and / or heating, to a user. The vest may be used with cryogenic temperatures. Peltier devices, pre-charged nitrogen canisters, or miniature Stirling cryocoolers may be mounted and built into the wearable or externally carried or mounted thereto. A pump, such as a vacuum diaphragm pump, causes thermally conditioned air to flow through a series of porous regenerative tubing and / or porous panels to supply conditioned air to a user of the garment. The system may use a cryocooler having a pulsating cold finger. The cryo embodiments may supply −200° C. gas through the panels or tubing. Portable systems can be carried or attached, such as HVAC, refrigeration, heating or the like. Control systems may regulate the temperature and may be adjusted by a user, for example using an input pad or a mobile device.

The application provides a method for regulating halogen perovskite microstructure at a frozen temperature by using a laser and an electric field, and relates to a device, which is a customized TEM in-situ sample rod equipped with a laser optical fiber and a liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle, and a Nd:YAG pulse laser system with a wavelength of 532 nm, adjustable pulse frequency and a pulse duration of 7 ns coupled into a transmission electron microscope through the optical fiber; first, at a frozen temperature, perovskite nanocrystals are etched by controlling the energy, frequency and action time of the pulse laser, then at the frozen temperature, the small crystal nucleus rotation of the perovskite nanocrystals is controlled by using a low-energy pulse laser and applying an electric field, and the perovskite nanocrystals are recrystallized along specific crystal faces, so that perovskite nanocrystals with specific exposed surfaces, reduced microstructure defects and increased radiation resistance are obtained, and the method has great value for large-scale industrial production.

A method for thermal processing bullets to reduce adhesive stress, the method includes obtaining one or more bullets configured to be propelled down a gun barrel, disposing the one or more bullets within a chamber having a temperature gradient between ambient temperature and cryogenic temperature, the chamber having a plurality of temperature zones, moving the one or more bullets between the plurality of temperature zones of the chamber, and returning the one or more bullets to the ambient temperature to reduce adhesive stress between the bullets and the gun barrel.

The invention discloses a cryogenic heat treatment method for reducing elastic hysteresis of 40CrNiMo alloy, which comprises the following steps of: (1) quenching the 40CrNiMo alloy at the quenching temperature of 850 DEG C, preserving heat for 1 hour, and cooling to room temperature by adopting a 10% PAG solution; (2) the quenched 40CrNiMo alloy is subjected to tempering treatment, the tempering temperature ranges from 400 DEG C to 600 DEG C, heat preservation is conducted for 3 h, and after heat preservation is completed, air cooling is conducted to the room temperature; and (3) the tempered 40CrNiMo alloy is subjected to subzero treatment, the subzero temperature ranges from-180 DEG C to-196 DEG C, the heat preservation time ranges from 12 h to 24 h, and then the temperature is naturally increased to the room temperature. According to the method, conventional quenching and tempering processes are combined with subzero treatment, so that the elastic lag of the 40CrNiMo alloy steel is effectively reduced.

The invention relates to a vessel for the long-term storage of DNA in space at a constant temperature of -196 °C. The aim is to protect biological samples – especially DNA – for decades to centuries from the extreme environmental conditions of space, including vacuum, intense radiation, extreme temperature fluctuations and mechanical stresses. The vessel has a three-layered structure: 1. Inner chamber made of boron nitrogen nanotubes (BNNTs) that offer outstanding protection against cosmic radiation, high mechanical strength, chemical inertness and temperature resistance. 2. Middle insulating layer made of aerogel that minimizes heat exchange and keeps the cryogenic temperature constant. 3. Outer protective layer made of titanium, which protects against micrometeorites, It protects against physical impacts and corrosion. Technical advantages: • Long-term stability of DNA through consistently low temperatures. • Effective radiation protection against cosmic and solar radiation. • Excellent thermal insulation thanks to aerogel. • Mechanical robustness due to titanium. Areas of application: • Securing and archiving genetic material for research, space travel and long-term preservation. • Provision of DNA for future scientific or biological restoration projects. Special feature: The capsule is compact, space-compatible, and can be used as part of space missions, space stations, or interplanetary projects.

A thermalization arrangement at cryogenic temperatures is dislcosed. The arrangement comprises a dielectric substrate layer on which substrate a device / s or component / s are positionable, and a heat sink component is attached on another side of the substrate. The arrangement further comprises a conductive layer between the substrate layer and the heat sink component. A joint between the substrate layer and the conductive layer has minimal phonon thermal boundary resistance. Energy of conductive layer phonons are arranged to be absorbed by electrons. Another joint between the conductive layer and the heat sink component is electrically conductive. The substrate layer and the conductive layer have similar acoustic properties.

Disclosed are container and cap assemblies for cryogenic storage of materials at temperatures below negative 150° C. The container and cap assemblies disclosed maintain container closure integrity and fluid-tightness at ambient and cryogenic temperatures, optionally to preserve biologically active substances stored therein.

The invention relates to a cryogenic refrigeration installation comprising an enclosure housing at least two thermally conductive trays (4, 5, 6, 7) forming thermal stages, the installation (1) comprising a cryogenic temperature cooling system for the trays (4, 5, 6, 7) and / or one or more plates (24, 25, 26) connected (30) to the trays (4, 5, 6, 7), the cooling system comprising a refrigerator (70) with a cycle refrigeration system for a cycle fluid and a cycle circuit (8) comprising a storage pot (17) for a reserve of liquefied cycle fluid, the cycle circuit (8) comprising a bypass line (18) diverting at least a portion of the cycle fluid flow to the first storage pot (17), the bypass line (18) comprising an expansion device (19) configured to expand the cycle gas before feeding the pot (17) storage, the cycle circuit (8) includes,upstream of the heat exchange with at least a portion of trays (4, 5, 6) and / or plates (24, 25, 26), a portion in heat exchange with the liquefied cycle fluid contained in the storage pot (17) and a bypass line (308) located in the enclosure (2) and equipped with an expansion device (408) configured to ensure expansion of the cycle fluid that has exchanged heat in the pot (17) to produce a cooler bypass cycle fluid flow, said bypass cycle fluid being put in heat exchange with at least one additional tray or plate (27) of the installation (1). Abbreviated figure: Fig. 1,

An apparatus includes a substrate support for holding a substrate at a cryogenic temperature during etching, a plasma source configured to generate a plasma located above the substrate support, an ion acceleration grid located between the plasma source and the substrate support, wherein the ion acceleration grid is configured to apply a potential difference that, during etching, accelerates ions from the plasma toward the substrate support, and an inlet for an etchant process gas, wherein the inlet is located between the ion acceleration grid and the substrate support.

Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures that implement compact UHV ion trap systems that can operate at temperatures higher than cryogenic temperatures. Ion trap systems according to the present disclosure are surface treated and sealed while held in a UHV environment, with different components joined via UHV seals, such as welded joints, compressible metal flanges, and UHV compatible welded joints. As a result, no cryogenic pumps are needed, thereby enabling a very small volume system.

Systems and methods related to charge locking circuits and control systems for qubits are provided. A system for controlling qubit gates includes a first packaging device including a quantum device including a plurality of qubit gates, where the quantum device is configured to operate at a low temperature. The system also includes a second packaged device including a control circuit configured to operate at a low temperature, where the first packaged device is coupled to the second packaged device, and where the control circuit includes a plurality of charge locking circuits configured to lock the charge of the first packaged device to the second packaged device. Wherein each charge locking circuit of the plurality of charge locking circuits is coupled to at least one qubit gate of the plurality of qubit gates via an interconnect such that each charge locking circuit of the plurality of charge locking circuits is configured to provide a voltage signal to the at least one qubit gate.

Systems and methods related to charge locking circuits and control systems for qubits are provided. A system for controlling qubit gates includes a first packaging device including a quantum device, the quantum device including a plurality of qubit gates, wherein the quantum device is configured to operate at cryogenic temperatures. The system further includes a second packaging device including a control circuit configured to operate at cryogenic temperatures, wherein the first packaging device is coupled to the second packaging device, and wherein the control circuit includes a plurality of charge locking circuits, wherein each charge locking circuit of the plurality of charge locking circuits is coupled to at least one qubit gate of the plurality of qubit gates via an interconnect, such that each charge locking circuit of the plurality of charge locking circuits is configured to provide a voltage signal to the at least one qubit gate.

To provide a flexible member in which thermal conductivity at an extremely low temperature is improved more than before, and to provide a method for producing the same.SOLUTION: A flexible member, which is a stranded wire or a braided wire comprising a plurality of aluminum wires satisfying the following formulae (1) and (2): 0.04 ≤ X ≤ 50 (1) Y ≥ 4.9 * 10 - 4 * X2 + 6.8 * 10 - 2 * X + 1.6 * 10 - 1 (2) In Expressions (1) and (2), X is an arithmetic average (mass ppm) of a total content of Fe, Si, Cu, Mg, Ti, Mn, Zn, and Ga that are each a main impurity in the plurality of aluminum wires, and Y is an arithmetic average wire diameter (mm) of the plurality of aluminum wires.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

An initial cooling time of a cryocooler (10) is shortened. A method for operating a cryocooler 10 includes: connecting a second compressor 80 in series with a first compressor 12 on a high pressure line 63 or a low pressure line 64; connecting a buffer volume 70 to the low pressure line 64 via a supply valve 72; executing initial cooling for cooling an expander 14 from an initial temperature to a cryogenic temperature in a state where the second compressor 80 and the buffer volume 70 are connected to the cryocooler 10; and executing a steady operation of maintaining the expander 14 at the cryogenic temperature after the initial cooling. The execution of the initial cooling includes supplying a working gas to the expander 14 by using the first compressor 12 and the second compressor 80, and controlling the supply valve 72 to keep a pressure of the high pressure line 63 within a preset appropriate pressure range based on the measured pressure of the high pressure line 63.

A liquid flow-induced vibration suppression device, system, and method are disclosed. In an embodiment, the device is a mounting ring or hoop to which fin-shaped strakes are secured. The hoop is affixable to an interior wall of a first pipe positioned upstream of, and connected by a flexible joint to, a second pipe. The strakes are angled inwardly from the interior wall, and are positioned adjacent to an interface of the first pipe and the flexible joint. In one fluid dynamics modeled example involving rocket motor thrust vectoring, liquid fuel is conveyed in 16-inch diameter pipes at cryogenic temperatures. The strakes are one inch long, spaced apart approximately 0.1 inch, and extend radially from the interior wall in a 10-to-30-degree angle range. The device is brazed to the interior wall of the first pipe, and can be formed of Inconel or titanium alloy to optimize fatigue life.

Cryogenic analytical systems are provided that can include: a cryogenic fluid source; one or more analysis components; at least one cryogenic thermal conduit operably coupled between the cryogenic fluid source and the one or more analysis components; and a pressure control component operably engaged with the cryofluid source. Methods for performing cryogenic analysis are provided. The methods can include adjusting the pressure of cryofluid within a cryogenic fluid source to configure one or more analysis components with a cryogenic temperature. Methods for configuring a cryogenic analytical system to perform cryogenic analysis are also provided. The methods can include: increasing the pressure within a cryogenic fluid source to rapidly cool one or more analysis components to a first temperature; and decreasing the pressure within the cryogenic fluid source to reduce the first temperature of the one or more analysis components.

The present invention is concerned with a method of generating a lubrication interface. The method has the steps of a) providing a target substrate and a growth substrate adjacent the target substrate with a confinement space defined therebetween, b) allowing a predetermined amount of water onto a surface of the target substrate in the confinement space thus forming a water layer, c) adding a predetermined amount of a sample of a molybdenum disulfides (MoS2) layer on the water layer thus allowing the water in the water layer to bind with the surface of the molybdenum disulfides (MoS2) layer, d) cooling down the target substrate to cryogenic temperature so as to freeze the water layer thus forming a molybdenum disulfides (MoS2) ice layer on the target substrate, and e) detaching the growth substrate from the molybdenum disulfides (MoS2) ice layer thus leaving the molybdenum disulfides (MoS2) ice layer.

An electro-optical device includes a substrate and a waveguide on the substrate. The waveguide includes a layer stack including a plurality of electro-optical material layers interleaved with a plurality of intermediate layers, a waveguide core adjacent to the layer stack, a waveguide cladding, and a pair of electrodes in electrical contact with the plurality of electro-optical material layers. The plurality of intermediate layers maintain a first crystal lattice structure at room temperature and at a cryogenic temperature. The plurality of electro-optical material layers maintain a second crystal lattice structure and a crystalline phase at room temperature and at the cryogenic temperature.

The present application pertains to a photonic in-plane chip coupling product including a support with a first and a second stack, each comprising a carrier and an optical component. The first stack has a carrier with a mounting surface and an opposing carrier surface carrying the first optical component, which has a first guided optical mode. Likewise, the second stack has a carrier and an optical component, featuring a second guided optical mode. These stacks are aligned so that the centers of their respective mode field distributions coincide. To minimize or compensate for thermal deformation, at least one carrier in each stack includes layers of different materials with mutually different thermal expansion coefficients and thicknesses. Therewith a total thermal deformation between the mounting surfaces and the centers of the mode field distributions is minimized.

A system comprises a cooling chamber, a pre-cooling chamber, and a sample transfer mechanism. The pre-cooling chamber is operatively connected to the cooling chamber. The pre-cooling chamber is configured pre-cool a device to a first cryogenic temperature. The sample transfer mechanism is configured to transfer the device from the pre-cooling chamber into the cooling chamber with the cooling chamber maintained at a second cryogenic temperature, which is the same or less than the first cryogenic temperature.

The present specification describes a cryogenic temperature sensor comprising: a sample of superconductor material; a current source configured to pass a current through the sample of superconductor material; and a voltage sensor configured to sense a voltage across the superconductor material sample. The temperature sensor further comprises a control unit configured to: control the current source to vary the current through the sample of superconductor material over time while the voltage sensor senses the voltage across the sample of superconductor material; detecting a change in the sensing voltage; and calculating the temperature of the superconductor material sample based on the detected current value at which the sensed voltage changes.

A surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) resonator includes a substrate formed from an anisotropic crystal and first and second acoustic reflectors disposed on a surface of the substrate. The first and second acoustic reflectors face each other to form an acoustic cavity whose axis is aligned with a crystallographic orientation of the anisotropic crystal such that the SAW resonator is minimally diffracting at cryogenic temperatures. The substrate may be a piezoelectric crystal, in which case the acoustic cavity can be excited by driving electrodes located on the surface of the substrate. Since the SAW resonator is minimally diffracting, it has less loss, and therefore can achieve higher Qs, than SAW resonators based on other crystallographic orientations.

The systems and methods include providing an O-ring assembly for an assembly. The seal assembly includes at least a second O-ring, a spacer arranged axially adjacent to the O-ring, and a third O-ring arranged axially adjacent to the spacer. The seal assembly is located between a probe and the assembly housing and is configured to provide an O-ring seal between the probe and the housing during operation of the assembly at cryogenic temperatures, during exposure of at least a portion of the seal assembly to cryogenic temperatures, during a pressure change, during a temperature change, or a combination thereof.

Provided herein are systems, methods, and cryoprotective solutions for reversible cryopreservation of biological specimens, whole organs, and whole organisms. Exemplary methods include loading a cryoprotective agent into the biological specimen, cooling the biological specimen to a cryogenic temperature for preservation, storing the biological specimen at a preservation temperature state to preserve the biological specimen, rewarming the biological specimen by increasing a temperature of the biological specimen above the preservation temperature state, and unloading the cryoprotective agent from the biological specimen. The cooling is performed at a first rate to reduce ice formation, substantially homogeneously to reduce propensity for cracking of the preserved biological specimen, and at a first pressure to prevent or reduce ice expansion within the preserved biological specimen. The rewarming is performed at a second rate to reduce ice formation, substantially homogeneously to reduce propensity for cracking, and at a second pressure to prevent or reduce ice expansion.

A rare-earth-doped antiferromagnetic crystal is disclosed, designed to achieve long optical coherence times and enable coherent coupling between optical and magnon modes. The crystal includes a host lattice, such as gadolinium vanadate, gadolinium oxide, or gadolinium silicate, which is antiferromagnetic below a Néel temperature and is doped with a second rare-earth ion, such as erbium. By operating at cryogenic temperatures, electron spins in the host are magnetically ordered, providing a quiet magnetic environment that minimizes decoherence for the dopant ions. The system achieves long optical coherence times for the rare-earth dopant ions, supporting robust quantum memory and communication. Additionally, coherent coupling between the optical transitions of the dopant and magnon modes of the host enables efficient microwave-to-optical quantum transduction. Isotopic purification of the host and / or dopant ions can further reduce nuclear spin noise, enhancing coherence times.

To provide a carbon dioxide solidification system capable of continuous processing in short time using cold at a cryogenic temperature.SOLUTION: A carbon dioxide solidification system 1 comprises: an air liquefaction device 30 which generates liquefied nitrogen containing gas by cooling gas containing nitrogen; a carbon dioxide solidification drum 70 which solidifies carbon dioxide in a gas phase by mixing the liquefied nitrogen containing gas and carbon dioxide containing gas; a liquefied nitrogen gas containing gas supply line which supplies the liquefied nitrogen containing gas generated by the air liquefaction device 30 to the carbon dioxide solidification drum 70; a carbon dioxide containing gas supply line which supplies the carbon dioxide containing gas to the carbon dioxide solidification drum 70; a dry ice discharge line 181 which externally discharges solidified carbon dioxide generated in the carbon dioxide solidification drum 70; and a surplus cold gas discharge line 182 which externally discharges surplus cold gas that has not undergone solidification in the carbon dioxide solidification drum 70.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1