Intelligent substation operation state monitoring method and system based on digital twinning

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent substation operation state monitoring method and system based on digital twinning, and relates to the technical field of state monitoring, and the method comprises the steps of 1, substation environment data acquisition, 2, substation digital twinning model prediction and 3, substation threat monitoring and processing. According to the method, whether the contamination of each insulator of the transformer substation can be scoured to disappear or not after being scoured by rainfall is judged, and if the contamination cannot be scoured cleanly, a conductive layer formed by the contamination of each insulator of the transformer substation is analyzed and judged, so that the safety of each insulator of the transformer substation can be better predicted; according to the technical scheme, whether flashover hazards exist in the insulators of the transformer substation or not is judged, the unmanned aerial vehicle is dispatched for cleaning in advance when the flashover hazards exist, the safety of the transformer substation can be guaranteed, contamination is scoured through natural rainfall when the flashover hazards do not exist, and therefore the operation cost of the transformer substation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of condition monitoring, and particularly relates to an intelligent substation operation condition monitoring method and system based on digital twin. Background Art

[0002] The insulators of a substation are devices installed between conductors at different potentials or between conductors and grounding components, which can withstand voltage and mechanical stress. Existing monitoring methods for insulators mostly adopt regular manual inspections or fixed camera monitoring, and cannot quantify the degree of contamination in real time, resulting in the inability to accurately predict the risk of flashover due to contamination. Digital twin technology can effectively simulate the state of insulators based on monitoring results. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the state of insulators in a substation through digital twin technology.

[0003] Existing technologies such as the invention patent application with publication number CN118552186B disclose a substation operation and maintenance management system and method based on digital twin. The method includes: being able to compare the vibration signal waveform semantics of a power transformer with the normal vibration mode during normal operation to identify potential faults of the power transformer, realizing real-time monitoring and accurate diagnosis of the operation state of the power transformer, so as to be able to take preventive or maintenance measures early when potential problems and fault hazards are found, and improve the reliability and safety of the equipment. Existing technologies such as the invention patent application with publication number CN119128792A disclose a substation operation condition monitoring method, device, electronic device and storage medium. The method includes: this application has the advantages of more accurate monitoring results of the operation state of the substation and being able to meet complex working conditions.

[0004] In view of the above solutions, the current substation operation condition monitoring methods lack due attention to the comprehensive analysis of the decontamination of the contamination on the insulators by rainfall and the possible flashover problems. Substations are often built in the wild and outdoors, so the insulators of substations are easily contaminated with bird droppings, dust, etc. These contaminations have little impact on the insulators when dry, but when it rains, due to absorption of water and becoming wet, a water film is formed below the contamination, thus forming a conductive layer. When the current passing through the insulator is relatively large, this part of the conductive layer is likely to cause the insulator to be punctured, thus endangering the safety of the substation. However, when the insulator is not punctured, the impact force generated by rainfall can also effectively remove the contamination, which can greatly reduce the use of live water during cleaning. If live water cleaning is carried out before each rainfall, it will increase the cost of the substation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent substation operation condition monitoring method and system based on digital twin, which solves the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect of the present invention, a method for monitoring the operating state of an intelligent substation based on digital twin is provided, including: Step 1. Acquisition of substation environmental data: Obtain the estimated rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed values of the substation during the monitoring period.

[0007] Step 2. Prediction of the digital twin model of the substation: Dispatch drones to perform surface scanning on each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to obtain the surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyze the thickness value of the conductive layer formed by the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0008] Step 3. Threat monitoring and handling of the substation: Determine whether there is a flashover hazard for each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to screen out the insulators with flashover hazards belonging to the substation, and dispatch drones through the substation terminal for flushing operations.

[0009] In the second aspect of the present invention, an operating monitoring system for executing the method for monitoring the operating state of an intelligent substation based on digital twin is provided, including: a substation environmental data acquisition module for obtaining the estimated rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed values of the substation during the monitoring period.

[0010] A substation digital twin model prediction module for dispatching drones to perform surface scanning on each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to obtain the surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyze the thickness value of the conductive layer formed by the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0011] A substation threat monitoring and handling module for determining whether there is a flashover hazard for each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to screen out the insulators with flashover hazards belonging to the substation, and dispatch drones through the substation terminal for flushing operations.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) In Step 1. Acquisition of substation environmental data of the present invention, by obtaining the estimated rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed values of the substation during the monitoring period, it is convenient for subsequent analysis.

[0013] (2) In Step 2. Prediction of the digital twin model of the substation of the present invention, through digital modeling, obtain the environmental contact outer surface and its characteristic points of the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, and based on each rainfall data, judge whether the contamination of each insulator belonging to the substation can be washed away after rainfall scouring. If it cannot be washed clean, then analyze and judge the conductive layer formed by the contamination of each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to better perform safety prediction on each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0014] (3) Step 3 of the present invention, substation threat monitoring and handling, by judging whether there is a flashover hazard in each insulator belonging to the substation, when there is a flashover hazard, sending a drone for cleaning in advance can ensure the safety of the substation, and when there is no flashover hazard, natural rainfall is used to wash away the contamination, thereby reducing the operation cost of the substation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system module of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the relationship between the surface of the insulator and the contamination of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. The perpendicular line and its direction of the tangent line of the feature point of the environmental contact outer surface for contamination modeling; 2. The tangent line of the feature point of the environmental contact outer surface for contamination modeling; 3. The wind direction; 4. The insulator; 5. The environmental contact outer surface for contamination modeling; 6. The feature point of the environmental contact outer surface for contamination modeling. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides an intelligent substation operation status monitoring method based on digital twin, including: Step 1. Substation environmental data acquisition: acquiring the estimated rainfall, wind direction and wind speed values of the substation during the monitoring period.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the method for acquiring the estimated rainfall, wind direction and wind speed values of the substation during the monitoring period is: acquiring the estimated rainfall, wind direction and wind speed values of the substation from the meteorological management platform.

[0023] Step 1. Acquisition of substation environmental data: By obtaining the estimated rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed values of the substation during the monitoring period, it is convenient for subsequent analysis.

[0024] Step 2. Prediction of the substation digital twin model: Dispatch drones to perform surface scanning on each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to obtain the surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyze the thickness value of the conductive layer formed by the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0025] It should be noted that the insulators include: suspension insulators, post insulators, composite insulators, and other insulators.

[0026] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, for the analysis of the thickness value of the conductive layer formed by the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, the specific analysis method is as follows: Obtain the initial surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation from the local database. Based on the surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, subtract the initial surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation to obtain the contamination modeling and its volume value of each insulator belonging to the substation, and obtain the environmental contact outer surface and its characteristic points of the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0027] It should be noted that the local database is used to store the initial surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, the comparison angle threshold, the estimated initial impact force in each rainfall interval, the estimated increased impact force in each wind speed value interval, the decontamination volume value corresponding to each total estimated rain impact force interval, the humidity value corresponding to each rainfall interval, the conductive layer thickness value corresponding to each humidity value interval and each estimated remaining volume value interval, the conductive hazard coefficient threshold, the suitable service life of each insulator belonging to the substation, the current service life, and the allowable leakage current corresponding to each current service life interval, the maximum instantaneous current of each insulator belonging to the substation in each corresponding historical monitoring period, the current safety margin ratio value corresponding to each aging hazard coefficient interval, the safe instantaneous current value corresponding to each conductive layer thickness value interval, and the required live water flushing amount corresponding to each contamination modeling total volume value interval.

[0028] According to the wind direction of the substation during the monitoring period, screen the rain impact characteristic points of the environmental contact outer surface of the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0029] According to the estimated rainfall and wind speed values of the substation during the monitoring period, analyze the estimated remaining volume value of the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, and calculate the thickness value of the conductive layer formed by the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation accordingly.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the method for obtaining the contamination models and their volume values of each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: After subtracting the initial surface model from the surface models of each insulator belonging to the substation, the remaining non-touching models are marked as the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation, and the volume values of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation are obtained through existing model volume calculation methods.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the method for obtaining the environmental contact outer surfaces and their characteristic points of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: Refer to Figure 3 As shown, the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation are the general names of the surfaces where the contamination models contact the environment, and each pixel point on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation is used as a characteristic point.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for screening the rain impact characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: Refer to Figure 3 As shown, surface tangent drawing is performed on the characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to obtain the tangents of the characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation. A vertical line is made according to the characteristic points on the tangent, and the direction of the vertical line pointing into the contamination model is used as the direction of the vertical line, so as to obtain the direction of the vertical line of the tangent of the characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0033] It should be noted that the vertical line of the tangent of the characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surface of the contamination model is in the same plane as the wind direction of the substation during the monitoring period.

[0034] According to the wind direction of the substation during the monitoring period, calculate the included angle between the direction of the vertical line of the tangent of the characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation and the wind direction, and mark it as the comparison included angle of the characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0035] Obtain the comparison included angle threshold from the local database. If the comparison included angle of a certain characteristic point on the environmental contact outer surface of a certain contamination model of a certain insulator belonging to the substation is less than the comparison included angle threshold, then mark this characteristic point as a rain impact characteristic point, so as to screen the rain impact characteristic points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination models of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for analyzing the estimated remaining volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the analysis substation is as follows: Based on the comparison angles of each characteristic point on the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation, the comparison angles of each rain impact characteristic point on the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation are extracted. , where x represents the number of each insulator. , y is a positive integer greater than 2, n represents the number of each contamination model. , m is a positive integer greater than 2, i represents the number of each rain impact characteristic point. , j is a positive integer greater than 2.

[0037] Obtain the estimated initial impact force in each rainfall interval and the estimated increased impact force in each wind speed value interval from the local database. According to the estimated rainfall and wind speed value of the substation during the monitoring period, map to obtain the estimated initial impact force A and the estimated increased impact force B of the substation during the monitoring period, and calculate the total estimated rain impact force of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation. .

[0038] It should be noted that the greater the rainfall, the corresponding estimated initial impact force, the greater the wind speed value, the corresponding estimated increased impact force. The greater the rainfall indicates that more raindrops fall in the same time period, and the greater the impact on the contamination. The wind speed will additionally increase the speed value of the raindrops, thus generating an additional impact force. Therefore, the greater the wind speed, the greater the estimated increased impact.

[0039] Obtain the decontamination volume value corresponding to each total estimated rain impact force interval from the local database, and map to obtain the decontamination volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation. , based on the volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation. , calculate the estimated remaining volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation. .

[0040] It should be noted that the greater the total estimated rain impact force, the greater the corresponding decontamination volume value. This data can be obtained by simulating the volume reduction of the contamination model after the rain impact force in different situations after modeling, and using it as the decontamination volume value.

[0041] In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for calculating the thickness value of the conductive layer formed by each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: Obtain the humidity value corresponding to each rainfall interval from the local database, and map to obtain the humidity value of the substation during the monitoring period according to the estimated rainfall of the substation during the monitoring period.

[0042] It should be noted that the greater the rainfall, the greater the corresponding humidity value.

[0043] Obtain the conductive layer thickness values corresponding to each humidity value interval and each estimated remaining volume value interval from the local database, and map to obtain the conductive layer thickness values formed by each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation based on the estimated remaining volume values of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0044] It should be noted that the greater the humidity value, the greater the corresponding conductive layer thickness value, and the greater the estimated remaining volume value, the greater the corresponding conductive layer thickness value. The flashover problem is mainly due to the ionic conduction after the contamination dissolves. And the greater the humidity value, the easier it is for the contamination to dissolve, thus forming a water film, resulting in a greater conductive layer thickness value. The greater the estimated remaining volume value indicates more contamination, and the more that can be dissolved, the greater the conductive layer thickness value. This data can be obtained through virtual modeling simulation.

[0045] Step 2 of the present invention: Prediction of the substation digital twin model. Through digital modeling, obtain the environmental contact outer surfaces and their respective characteristic points of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, and based on each rainfall data, determine whether the contamination of each insulator belonging to the substation can be washed away after rainfall scouring. If it cannot be washed clean, then analyze and judge the conductive layer formed by the contamination of each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to better conduct safety prediction on each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0046] Step 3: Substation threat monitoring and handling: Judge whether there is a flashover hazard for each insulator belonging to the substation, thereby screening out each flashover hazard insulator belonging to the substation, and dispatching an unmanned aerial vehicle through the substation terminal for flushing operation.

[0047] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for judging whether there is a flashover hazard for each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: Obtain the leakage current of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyze the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0048] Based on the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation and the conductive layer thickness value formed by each contamination modeling estimation, calculate the conductive hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0049] Obtain the conductive hazard coefficient threshold from the local database. If the conductive hazard coefficient of a certain insulator belonging to the substation is greater than the conductive hazard coefficient threshold, then judge that there is a flashover hazard for the insulator belonging to the substation.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the method for obtaining the leakage current of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point is as follows: Obtain the leakage current of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point from the current sensor.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, for analyzing the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the analysis substation, the specific analysis method is as follows: Obtain the appropriate service life of each insulator belonging to the substation from the local database. The current service life and the allowable leakage current corresponding to each current service life interval are mapped to obtain the allowable leakage current of each insulator belonging to the substation. Based on the leakage current of each insulator belonging to the substation calculate the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation where e represents the natural constant.

[0052] It should be noted that the longer the current service life, the smaller the corresponding allowable leakage current. As the service life of the insulator increases, the internal resistance often further increases, resulting in a decrease in the allowable leakage current. This data can be obtained through aging experiments on the insulators.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, for calculating the conduction hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation, the specific calculation method is as follows: Obtain the maximum instantaneous current value of each insulator belonging to the substation in each corresponding historical monitoring time period from the local database, extract the maximum maximum instantaneous current value from each corresponding historical monitoring time period of each insulator belonging to the substation, and mark it as the historical instantaneous current maximum value of each insulator belonging to the substation. 。

[0054] It should be noted that for each corresponding historical monitoring time period, if the monitoring time period is the whole day of March 1st, then each corresponding historical monitoring time period is February 1st, January 1st, and so on.

[0055] Obtain the current safety margin ratio value corresponding to each aging hazard coefficient interval from the local database. Based on the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation, map to obtain the current safety margin ratio value of each insulator belonging to the substation. 。

[0056] It should be noted that the greater the aging hazard coefficient, the greater the corresponding current safety margin ratio value. The greater the aging hazard coefficient, the greater the fluctuation of the current passing through the insulator. Therefore, a safety margin needs to be left, and this data can be set by the staff according to the actual situation.

[0057] Obtain the safe instantaneous current value corresponding to each conductive layer thickness value interval from the local database. Based on the conductive layer thickness value formed by the contamination modeling prediction of each insulator belonging to the substation, map to obtain the safe instantaneous current value of the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, and extract the maximum safe instantaneous current value as the target safe instantaneous current value of each insulator belonging to the substation. 。

[0058] It should be noted that, the greater the thickness value of the conductive layer, the smaller the corresponding safety instantaneous current value. When the thickness value of the conductive layer is greater and the instantaneous current value passing through the insulator is larger, the possibility of breakdown of the insulator is greater. Therefore, the safety instantaneous current value for comparison needs to be inversely proportional to the thickness value of the conductive layer.

[0059] Calculate the conductive hazard coefficients of each insulator belonging to the substation 。

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, for the dispatched unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to perform the flushing operation, the specific operation method is as follows: According to the volume values of the contaminations modeled for each insulator belonging to the substation, extract the volume values of the contaminations modeled for each flashover-hazard insulator belonging to the substation, and add and statistically obtain the total volume value of the contaminations modeled for each flashover-hazard insulator belonging to the substation.

[0061] Obtain the required live water flushing amount corresponding to the total volume value range of each contamination modeling from the local database, map to obtain the required live water flushing amount for each flashover-hazard insulator belonging to the substation, and send it to the substation terminal, and control the UAV to load the required live water flushing amount to flush each contamination of the corresponding flashover-hazard insulators.

[0062] It should be noted that, the greater the total volume value of the contamination modeling, the greater the corresponding required live water flushing amount.

[0063] Step 3. Substation threat monitoring and handling of the present invention, by judging whether there is a flashover hazard for each insulator belonging to the substation, when there is a flashover hazard, cleaning is carried out in advance by dispatching a UAV, which can ensure the safety of the substation. When there is no flashover hazard, natural rainfall is used to wash the contamination, thereby reducing the operation cost of the substation.

[0064] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides an operation monitoring system for implementing the operation monitoring method of an intelligent substation based on digital twin, including: a substation environment data acquisition module, a substation digital twin model prediction module, a substation threat monitoring and handling module, and a local database.

[0065] It should be noted that, the substation environment data acquisition module is connected to the substation digital twin model prediction module, the substation digital twin model prediction module is connected to the substation threat monitoring and handling module, and the local database is connected to the substation digital twin model prediction module and the substation threat monitoring and handling module.

[0066] The substation environment data acquisition module is used to obtain the estimated rainfall amount, wind direction and wind speed value of the substation during the monitoring period.

[0067] The substation digital twin model prediction module is used to dispatch drones to perform surface scanning on each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to obtain the surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyze the thickness value of the conductive layer formed by the contamination modeling prediction of each insulator belonging to the substation.

[0068] The substation threat monitoring and processing module is used to judge whether there is a flashover hazard for each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to screen out each flashover hazard insulator belonging to the substation, and dispatch drones through the substation terminal to perform flushing operations.

[0069] The above content is only an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they should all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twins, characterized in that: include: Step 1. Substation environmental data acquisition: obtain the estimated rainfall, wind direction and wind speed values ​​of the substation during the monitoring period; Step 2. Substation digital twin model prediction: dispatch drones to scan the surface of each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to obtain the surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyze the conductive layer thickness value estimated by each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation; Step 3. Substation threat monitoring and processing: Determine whether the insulators in the substation have flashover hazards, thereby screening the flashover-hazard insulators in the substation, and dispatch drones through the substation terminal to perform flushing operations.

2. According to claim 1, a method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twins is characterized in that: The specific analysis method of the conductive layer thickness value estimated by the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: Obtain the initial surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation from the local database, and based on the surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, subtract the initial surface modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation to obtain each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation and its volume value, and obtain the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation and its characteristic points; According to the wind direction of the substation during the monitoring period, the rain impact feature points of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation are selected; According to the estimated rainfall and wind speed values ​​of the substation during the monitoring period, the estimated residual volume values ​​of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation are analyzed, and the thickness values ​​of the conductive layer formed by each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation are calculated accordingly.

3. A method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific screening method of the rain impact feature points of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: Surface tangent drawing is performed on each characteristic point of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, so as to obtain the tangent of each characteristic point of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, and a vertical line is drawn according to the characteristic point on the tangent, and the direction of the vertical line pointing to the inside of the contamination modeling is taken as the direction of the vertical line, so as to obtain the direction of the vertical line of the tangent of each characteristic point of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation; According to the wind direction of the substation during the monitoring period, the angle between the direction of the vertical line of the tangent of each characteristic point of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation and the wind direction is calculated, and marked as the comparison angle of each characteristic point of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation; The comparison angle threshold is obtained from the local database. If the comparison angle of a feature point on the environmental contact outer surface of a contamination modeling of a certain insulator belonging to the substation is less than the comparison angle threshold, the feature point is marked as a rain impact feature point, thereby screening the rain impact feature points on the environmental contact outer surfaces of the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation.

4. A method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twin according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific analysis method of the estimated residual volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the analysis substation is as follows: According to the comparison angles of the characteristic points of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation, the comparison angles of the rain impact characteristic points of the environmental contact outer surface of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation are extracted. , where x represents the number of each insulator, , y is a positive integer greater than 2, n represents the number of each contamination model, , m is a positive integer greater than 2, i represents the number of each rain impact feature point, , j is a positive integer greater than 2; The estimated initial impact force in each rainfall interval and the estimated increased impact force in each wind speed interval are obtained from the local database. According to the estimated rainfall and wind speed values ​​of the substation in the monitoring period, the estimated initial impact force A and the estimated increased impact force B of the substation in the monitoring period are mapped, and the total estimated rain impact force of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation is calculated. ; Obtain the decontamination volume value corresponding to each total estimated rainwater impact force interval from the local database, and map it to obtain the decontamination volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation , based on the volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation , calculate the estimated residual volume value of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation 。 5. The method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twin according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific calculation method of calculating the conductive layer thickness value estimated by the contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation is: Obtain the humidity value corresponding to each rainfall interval from the local database, and map the humidity value of the substation during the monitoring period based on the estimated rainfall of the substation during the monitoring period; The conductive layer thickness values ​​corresponding to each humidity value interval and each estimated residual volume value interval are obtained from the local database. According to the estimated residual volume values ​​of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation, the conductive layer thickness values ​​estimated by each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation are mapped.

6. A method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific method for judging whether each insulator of the substation has flashover hazard is as follows: Obtain the leakage current of each insulator belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyze the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation; According to the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator in the substation and the thickness of the conductive layer estimated by each contamination modeling, the conductive hazard coefficient of each insulator in the substation is calculated; The conduction hazard coefficient threshold is obtained from the local database. If the conduction hazard coefficient of an insulator belonging to the substation is greater than the conduction hazard coefficient threshold, it is determined that the insulator belonging to the substation has a flashover hazard.

7. A method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twin according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific analysis method of analyzing the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation is as follows: Obtain the appropriate service life of each insulator in the substation from the local database , Current usage time The allowable leakage current corresponding to each current usage time interval is mapped to obtain the allowable leakage current of each insulator in the substation , according to the leakage current of each insulator in the substation , calculate the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator in the substation , where e is represented by a natural constant.

8. The method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twin according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The specific calculation method for calculating the conductive hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation is: Obtain the maximum instantaneous current of each insulator belonging to the substation in each corresponding historical monitoring time period from the local database, extract the maximum instantaneous current value from each corresponding historical monitoring time period of each insulator belonging to the substation, and mark it as the historical maximum instantaneous current value of each insulator belonging to the substation ; Obtain the current safety margin ratio value corresponding to each aging hazard coefficient interval from the local database, and map the current safety margin ratio value of each insulator belonging to the substation according to the aging hazard coefficient of each insulator belonging to the substation ; Obtain the safe instantaneous current value corresponding to each conductive layer thickness value interval from the local database, and map the safe instantaneous current value of each contamination modeling of each insulator belonging to the substation according to the conductive layer thickness value estimated by each contamination modeling, and extract the maximum safe instantaneous current value as the target safe instantaneous current value of each insulator belonging to the substation. ; Calculate the conductive hazard coefficient of each insulator in the substation .

9. The method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twin according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific operation method of dispatching a drone to perform a flushing operation is as follows: According to the volume values ​​of each contamination model of each insulator belonging to the substation, the volume values ​​of each contamination model of each flashover hazard insulator belonging to the substation are extracted, and the total volume value of the contamination model of each flashover hazard insulator belonging to the substation is obtained by adding and counting; The required live water flushing volume corresponding to each contamination modeling total volume value interval is obtained from the local database, and the required live water flushing volume of each flashover hazard insulator belonging to the substation is mapped and sent to the substation terminal. The drone is controlled to load the required live water flushing volume to flush the contamination corresponding to each flashover hazard insulator.

10. An operation monitoring system for executing the method for monitoring the operation status of a smart substation based on digital twins according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The substation environmental data acquisition module is used to obtain the estimated rainfall, wind direction and wind speed values ​​of the substation during the monitoring period; The substation digital twin model prediction module is used to dispatch drones to scan the surfaces of the insulators belonging to the substation, thereby obtaining the surface modeling of the insulators belonging to the substation at the current monitoring time point, and analyzing the conductive layer thickness values ​​estimated by the contamination modeling of the insulators belonging to the substation; The substation threat monitoring and processing module is used to determine whether the insulators belonging to the substation have flashover hazards, thereby screening the flashover-hazard insulators belonging to the substation and dispatching drones for flushing operations through the substation terminal.

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