Adjustable plowing claw, plowing mechanism and plowing fertilizer applicator for saline-alkali soil improvement

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable plough claw, a ploughing mechanism and a ploughing and fertilizing machine for saline-alkali soil improvement, and relates to the technical field of ploughing and fertilizing equipment.The adjustable plough claw comprises an inner plough claw and an outer plough claw; the outer plow claw is of a hollow structure, a transmission assembly is movably installed in the outer plow claw in the extending direction of the outer plow claw, the top end of the outer plow claw communicates with a connecting straight pipe extending in the same direction as the outer plow claw, an adjusting lead screw is coaxially connected into the connecting straight pipe in a threaded mode, and the end, close to the outer plow claw, of the adjusting lead screw extends into the outer plow claw and is connected with the transmission assembly in a rotating fit mode. The inner plough claw and the outer plough claw extend in the same direction and are movably installed in the outer plough claw in the extending direction of the outer plough claw, the inner plough claw is located on the side, away from the connecting straight pipe, of the transmission assembly and connected with the transmission assembly, an opening for the inner plough claw to stretch out or retract is formed in the bottom end of the outer plough claw, and adjustment can be conducted according to different landforms and plough layer depth requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plowing and fertilizing equipment, and in particular to an adjustable plow claw, a plowing mechanism and a plowing and fertilizing machine for improving saline-alkali land. Background Art

[0002] Severely saline muddy coastal land is one of the major challenges facing global agriculture. Its poor soil quality has severely restricted the increase and maintenance of cultivated land. This soil not only contains high concentrations of salt, but also has extremely high bulk density (usually more than 1.6g / cm³) and a shallow tillage layer (less than 15cm in some areas). These characteristics make it difficult for traditional agricultural technology to effectively improve soil quality, which in turn affects crop growth and yield.

[0003] The plow claw structure of traditional plowing equipment is fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the different landforms and tillage depth requirements of saline-alkali land. In addition, traditional fertilization mostly adopts manual spreading or simple mechanical spreading. After the fertilizer is put into the feeding port, there is a lack of pre-treatment of the fertilizer. Large pieces of fertilizer are easy to block the fertilization pipeline, and it is difficult to ensure the uniform distribution of fertilizer in the soil, which can easily cause large local fertility differences and affect crop growth. When transporting fertilizer, it mostly relies on gravity or simple mechanical pushing, such as single auger feeding. When encountering caking fertilizer or complex terrain, the feeding stability is poor, and it is impossible to ensure stable fertilization of deep soil. During the plowing process, the soil is easy to flow back into the plowing device, interfering with normal operation, and it is impossible to effectively cooperate with the fertilization process. It is difficult to achieve precise control and coordinated operation of plowing and fertilization depth, resulting in difficulty in fully integrating fertilizer with deep soil, reducing the utilization rate of fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable plow claw, a plowing mechanism and a plowing and fertilizing machine for improving saline-alkali land, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and can be adjusted according to different landforms and tillage layer depth requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides an adjustable plow claw, comprising an inner plow claw and an outer plow claw; The outer plow claw is of a hollow structure, and a transmission assembly is movably installed inside the outer plow claw along the direction in which it extends. The top of the outer plow claw is connected to a connecting straight pipe extending in the same direction as the outer plow claw. An adjusting screw rod is coaxially threadedly connected inside the connecting straight pipe. The end of the adjusting screw rod close to the outer plow claw extends into the outer plow claw and is rotatably connected with the transmission assembly. The inner plow claw extends in the same direction as the outer plow claw and is movably installed inside the outer plow claw along the extension direction of the outer plow claw. The inner plow claw is located on the side of the transmission component away from the connecting straight pipe and is connected to the transmission component. The bottom end of the outer plow claw is provided with an opening for the inner plow claw to extend or retract.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a push plate and a flexible connecting rod, the push plate is movably installed inside the outer plow claw along the direction in which the outer plow claw extends, the push plate is coaxially rotatably connected with the adjusting screw, and the flexible connecting rod is connected between the push plate and the inner plow claw.

[0007] Preferably, a feed port connected to the inside of the outer plow claw is provided at the top of the outer peripheral wall of the outer plow claw; a material guide groove is provided at the top of the outer peripheral wall of the inner plow claw at a position corresponding to the feed port, and the material guide groove extends along the direction in which the inner plow claw extends; a discharge port is provided at the part of the inner plow claw located outside the outer plow claw, and the discharge port is connected to the material guide groove.

[0008] Preferably, the discharge port is located on a side of the inner plow claw that is away from its traveling direction.

[0009] Preferably, the discharge port is arranged close to the plow tip of the inner plow claw.

[0010] Preferably, two feed ports are provided and are spaced apart along the direction in which the outer plow claws extend.

[0011] A plowing mechanism is also provided, comprising a connecting frame, a fixing rod and a plurality of adjustable plow claws; One end of the connecting frame is used to connect with the traction device, and the other end is connected with the fixing rod; The fixing rod extends horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel; The adjustable plow claws are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the fixing rod and are all fixed on the fixing rod.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing rod is provided with a plurality of mounting through holes respectively corresponding to the adjustable plow claws, the mounting through holes are radially penetrated through the fixing rod, and the connecting straight tubes on the adjustable plow claws are detachably connected to the mounting through holes.

[0013] A plowing and fertilizing machine for improving saline-alkali land is also provided, comprising a fertilizer processing mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a plowing mechanism; The fertilizing mechanism includes a feeding hopper and a plurality of feeding pipes; the feeding hopper is installed above the connecting frame of the plowing mechanism, and the feeding pipes are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the fixing rod of the plowing mechanism, and the feeding pipes are connected between the discharge side of the feeding hopper and the corresponding feeding port; The fertilizer processing mechanism comprises a crushing mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The crushing mechanism is arranged on the feeding side of the feeding hopper, and the conveying mechanism is arranged between the feeding side and the discharging side of the feeding hopper.

[0014] Preferably, the fertilizer treatment mechanism further includes a distributing auger and a plurality of feeding augers. The distributing auger extends along a direction parallel to the fixed rod and is used to push the feed towards both ends of the distributing auger. Each of the feeding augers correspondingly extends into each of the feeding pipes.

[0015] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art: By rotating the adjusting screw rod, the adjusting screw rod drives the transmission assembly to move up and down, and the transmission assembly transmits the stroke to the inner plow claw, thereby controlling the length of the inner plow claw extending out of the outer plow claw to change the plowing depth. Deep plowing in saline-alkali land can increase the fertilization depth, which can not only increase the plow layer but also promote the downward movement of water and salt, reduce the surface salt content, and promote the growth of roots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 Isometric view of the plowing and fertilizing machine for saline-alkali land improvement in an embodiment disclosed by the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Isometric view of the plowing and fertilizing machine for saline-alkali land improvement in an embodiment disclosed by the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 Top view of the plowing and fertilizing machine for saline-alkali land improvement in an embodiment disclosed by the present invention; Figure 4 Is Figure 3 Cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 5 Is Figure 3 Cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 6 Isometric view of the fertilizer treatment mechanism in an embodiment disclosed by the present invention; Figure 7 Is Figure 5 Enlarged view at D in Figure 8 Is Figure 7 Enlarged view at E in Figure 9 Is Figure 4 Enlarged view at C in Figure 10 Structural schematic diagram of the distributing auger in an embodiment disclosed by the present invention; Figure 11Structural schematic diagram of the feeding hopper in an embodiment disclosed by the present invention; Wherein, 1 - plowing mechanism, 2 - fertilizing mechanism, 3 - fertilizer treatment mechanism; 101 - connecting frame, 102 - fixed rod, 103 - outer plow claw, 104 - inner plow claw, 105 - nut, 106 - adjusting screw rod, 107 - flexible connecting rod, 108 - shielding curtain; 1021 - mounting through hole, 1031 - external threaded pipe, 1032 - feed inlet, 1041 - material guiding groove, 1042 - discharge port, 1061 - push plate, 10311 - screw hole; 201 - feeding hopper, 202 - feeding pipe; 2011 - crushing chamber, 2012 - material distributing chamber, 2013 - material guiding plate, 2014 - material distributing plate, 2015 - blanking hole; 301 - crushing shaft, 302 - material distributing auger, 303 - blanking auger, 304 - motor, 305 - hanger, 306 - transmission shaft, 307 - power supply; 3011 - crushing blade, 3012 - first synchronous pulley, 3013 - first synchronous belt, 3021 - third synchronous pulley, 3022 - second synchronous pulley, 3023 - second synchronous belt, 3024 - first spiral blade, 3025 - second spiral blade, 3026 - second gear, 3031 - worm gear, 3041 - first gear, 3061 - worm, 3062 - fourth synchronous pulley. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable plow claw, plowing mechanism and plowing and fertilizing machine for improving saline-alkali soil, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and be able to adjust according to different landforms and tillage layer depth requirements.

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0021] As Figures 1 to 11As shown, the present invention provides an adjustable plow claw, including an inner plow claw 104 and an outer plow claw 103; the outer plow claw 103 is a hollow structure, and a transmission component is movably installed inside the outer plow claw 103 along the direction in which it extends, and the top of the outer plow claw 103 is connected with a connecting straight pipe extending in the same direction as it, and the connecting straight pipe is coaxially threadedly connected with an adjusting screw rod 106. Specifically, a screw hole 10311 is provided in the connecting straight pipe, and an external thread is provided on the adjusting screw rod 106. The thread is connected in the screw hole 10311, the end of the adjusting screw rod 106 close to the outer plow claw 103 extends into the outer plow claw 103, and is rotatably connected with the transmission assembly; the inner plow claw 104 extends in the same direction as the outer plow claw 103, and is movably installed in the outer plow claw 103 along the extension direction of the outer plow claw 103, the inner plow claw 104 is located on the side of the transmission assembly away from the connecting straight pipe, and is connected to the transmission assembly, and the bottom end of the outer plow claw 103 is provided with an opening for the inner plow claw 104 to extend or retract. The present invention rotates the adjusting screw rod 106 to drive the transmission assembly to move up and down, and transmits the stroke to the inner plow claw 104 through the transmission assembly, thereby controlling the length of the inner plow claw 104 extending out of the outer plow claw 103 to change the plowing depth. Deep plowing in saline-alkali land can increase the fertilization depth, which can not only increase the tillage layer but also promote the downward movement of water and salt, reduce the surface salt, and promote the growth of the root system.

[0022] In this embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a push plate 1061 and a flexible connecting rod 107. The push plate 1061 is movably installed inside the outer plow claw 103 along the direction in which the outer plow claw 103 extends. The push plate 1061 is coaxially rotatably connected with the adjusting screw 106. The flexible connecting rod 107 is connected between the push plate 1061 and the inner plow claw 104. By rotating the adjusting screw 106, the adjusting screw 106 drives the push plate 1061 to move up and down, and then the stroke is transmitted to the inner plow claw 104 through the flexible connecting rod 107, thereby controlling the extension length of the inner plow claw 104. Preferably, the flexible connecting rod 107 is made of PU or hard rubber. The flexible connecting rod made of PU or rubber has sufficient supporting strength and certain elasticity, can adapt to the arc bending of the outer plow claw 103, and has good wear resistance and long service life.

[0023] Preferably, in order to prevent the transmission assembly from rotating synchronously under the rotation of the adjusting screw rod 106, a limiting guide rail is provided between the transmission assembly and the inner wall of the outer plow claw 103, so that the transmission assembly can be movably mounted on the limiting guide rail, and the limiting guide rail is used to limit the transmission assembly to prevent it from rotating. The limiting guide rail can adopt a slide groove structure and be arranged on the inner wall of the outer plow claw 103, and the transmission assembly is provided with a slider sliding along the slide groove structure. Specifically, when the transmission assembly includes a push plate 1061 and a flexible connecting rod 107, the slider is arranged on the push plate 1061.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, a feed port 1032 connected to the inside of the outer plow claw 103 is opened at the top of the outer peripheral wall of the outer plow claw 103, and the feed port 1032 is used to pass through the bottom of the feeding pipe 202; a material guide groove 1041 is opened at the top of the outer peripheral wall of the inner plow claw 104 at the position corresponding to the feed port 1032, and the material guide groove 1041 extends along the extension direction of the inner plow claw 104, and a discharge port 1042 is opened at the part of the inner plow claw 104 located outside the outer plow claw 103, and the discharge port 1042 is connected to the material guide groove 1041. When the present invention is specifically applied to the working process of plowing, the fertilizer in the hopper 201 matched with the adjustable plow claw is sent to the feed port 1032 through the feed pipe 202 and enters the outer plow claw 103. The fertilizer dropped from the feed pipe 202 is guided by the guide groove 1041 and finally discharged from the discharge port 1042, so that the fertilizer can automatically fall into the plow furrow while the adjustable plow claw is plowing. Preferably, the top of the inner plow claw 104 is an inclined structure, and even if too much fertilizer enters the outer plow claw 103 and accumulates at the top position of the inner plow claw 104, it can slide into the guide groove 1041 through the top inclined structure of the inner plow claw 104.

[0025] In this embodiment, the discharge port 1042 is located on the side of the inner plow claw 104 away from the moving direction thereof, so as to prevent the discharge port 1042 from being blocked by soil when plowing.

[0026] In this embodiment, the discharge port 1042 is arranged close to the plow tip of the inner plow claw 104, that is, the discharge port 1042 is close to the bottom of the back side of the inner plow claw 104, and can directly reach the bottom of the plow furrow to increase the fertilization depth.

[0027] In this embodiment, two feed ports 1032 are provided and are spaced apart along the direction in which the outer plow claw 103 extends. In actual use, the feed ports 1032 are respectively connected to the feeding pipes 202, and the feed ports 1032 are fed with fertilizers through the feeding pipes 202, thereby preventing fertilization from stopping due to blockage of a single pipe, thereby improving the stability of fertilizer supply.

[0028] In this embodiment, a shielding curtain 108 is fixedly installed at the bottom opening of the outer plow claw 103 and is in sliding contact with the top of the outer peripheral wall of the inner plow claw 104. The shielding curtain 108 prevents soil from flowing back into the gap between the outer plow claw 103 and the inner plow claw 104, and can effectively prevent fertilizer from leaking from the gap, causing surface fertilization, affecting fertilizer penetration, and reducing crop yield. Preferably, the shielding curtain 108 is made of silicone material, which has good weather resistance and soft material, and can always fit the inner plow claw 104.

[0029] Further, a plowing mechanism 1 is also provided, including a connecting frame 101, a fixing rod 102 and a plurality of adjustable plow claws; one end of the connecting frame 101 is used to connect with a traction device, and the other end is connected with the fixing rod 102; the fixing rod 102 extends horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction; each adjustable plow claw is arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the fixing rod 102 and is fixed on the fixing rod 102. Specifically, the fixing rod 102 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 101, the outer plow claw 103 is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the fixing rod 102, and the inner plow claw 104 is movably installed inside the outer plow claw 103.

[0030] Among them, the adjustable plow claw includes an outer plow claw 103, an inner plow claw 104 and a connecting straight pipe; in a specific embodiment, the adjustable plow claw can be fixed on the fixing rod 102 through the outer plow claw 103. For example, the outer plow claw 103 and the fixing rod 102 can be connected by welding, and the outer plow claw 103 and the fixing rod 102 can also be connected by snap connection; in another specific embodiment, the adjustable plow claw can also be fixed on the fixing rod 102 through the connecting straight pipe. For example, the connection between the connecting straight pipe and the fixing rod 102 can be completed by welding, and the connection between the connecting straight pipe and the fixing rod 102 can also be completed by snap connection.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, to facilitate the replacement of the adjustable plow claw, a plurality of installation through holes 1021 corresponding to each adjustable plow claw are opened on the fixing rod 102. The installation through holes 1021 penetrate through the fixing rod 102 along the radial direction of the fixing rod 102. The connecting straight pipe on the adjustable plow claw is detachably connected in the installation through holes 1021, so as to complete the replacement of the adjustable plow claw through the disassembly and assembly work of the connecting straight pipe of different adjustable plow claws and the installation through holes 1021 when facing different working condition requirements.

[0032] In this embodiment, preferably, the connecting straight pipe is an external thread pipe 1031 connected to the top of the outer plow claw 103. A nut 105 is installed on the fixing rod 102. The nut 105 is coaxially communicated with the installation through hole 1021. The connecting straight pipe passes through the installation through hole 1021 and the nut 105, and is threadedly connected with the nut 105 through the external thread of the connecting straight pipe to complete the installation work of the adjustable plow claw and the fixing rod 102. In this embodiment, as another preference, the installation through hole 1021 extends vertically, and the nut 105 is arranged at the top position of the installation through hole 1021. After the connecting straight pipe passes through the installation through hole 1021 from bottom to top, it is threadedly connected with the nut 105 through its external thread, and the structure of the outer plow claw 103 is larger than the installation through hole 1021. Furthermore, when the connecting straight pipe passes through the installation through hole 1021 and is threadedly connected to the nut 105, the outer plow claw 103 can be pressed against the bottom end position of the installation through hole 1021 to ensure the stability of the outer plow claw 103 during the working process.

[0033] Furthermore, a plowing and fertilizing machine for improving saline-alkali soil is provided, especially for uniformly fertilizing muddy coastal saline-alkali soil, including a fertilizer treatment mechanism 3, a fertilizing mechanism 2 and a plowing mechanism 1; the fertilizing mechanism 2 includes a feeding hopper 201 and a plurality of feeding pipes 202; the feeding hopper 201 is installed above the connecting frame 101 of the plowing mechanism 1, and the feeding pipes 202 are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the fixed rod 102 of the plowing mechanism 1, and each feeding pipe 202 is communicated between the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201 and the corresponding feeding port 1032 to send the fertilizer in the feeding hopper 201 into the outer plow claw 103 through the feeding pipe 202; the fertilizer treatment mechanism 3 includes a crushing mechanism and a material conveying mechanism, the crushing mechanism is arranged on the feeding side of the feeding hopper 201, and the material conveying mechanism is arranged between the feeding side and the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201. The present invention is driven forward by a traction device to deeply plow the saline-alkali soil. During the plowing process, the fertilizing mechanism 2 fertilizes the deep soil after plowing. The fertilizer is pretreated by the crushing mechanism, that is, the large pieces of fertilizer just put into the feeding hopper 201 are crushed, so as to avoid the blockage of the feeding pipe 202 by the large pieces of fertilizer, and at the same time avoid the problem of uneven fertilization caused by the large pieces of fertilizer, which affects the soil fertility. At the same time, the material conveying mechanism makes the fertilizer supply of each adjustable plow claw stable and uniform.

[0034] In this embodiment, the fixed rod 102 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting frame 101, the top of the connecting frame 101 is connected with a traction device, a first support rod is connected between the feeding side of the feeding hopper 201 and the middle position of the connecting frame 101, and a second support rod is connected between the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201 and the fixed rod 102 to support the feeding hopper 201 above the connecting frame 101 through the first support rod and the second support rod and keep the position fixed. Preferably, there are two groups of first support rods, which are spaced apart along the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. One ends of the two first support rods are both installed on the feeding side of the feeding hopper 201, and the other ends are both installed at the middle position of the connecting frame 101; preferably, there are two groups of second support rods, which are spaced apart along the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. One ends of the two second support rods are both installed on the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201, and the other ends are both installed on the fixed rod 102.

[0035] In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing shaft 301 located on the feeding side of the feeding hopper 201. The crushing shaft 301 extends along the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, and both ends of the crushing shaft 301 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding hopper 201. The outer peripheral surface of the crushing shaft 301 is evenly provided with crushing blades 3011 to crush the caked fertilizer into small pieces.

[0036] In this embodiment, the material conveying mechanism can be a feeding auger arranged between the feeding side and the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201, so as to convey the fertilizer by the feeding auger and make it be conveyed from the feeding side of the feeding hopper 201 to the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201. The material conveying mechanism can also be a guide plate 2013 arranged between the feeding side and the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201. The guide plate 2013 gradually inclines downward from the feeding side to the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201, so as to guide the fertilizer in the feeding hopper 201 along the direction from the feeding side to the discharging side through the guide plate 2013, and avoid the waste caused by the residual fertilizer in the feeding hopper 201.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the fertilizer treatment mechanism 3 further includes a distributing auger 302 and a plurality of discharging augers 303. The distributing auger 302 extends along a direction parallel to the fixed rod 102 and is used to push the feed towards both ends of the distributing auger 302. Each discharging auger 303 correspondingly extends into each feeding pipe 202. The distributing auger 302 pushes the central fertilizer to both sides, avoiding insufficient fertilizer supply at the edge position of the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201 and improving the uniformity of fertilization. The discharging auger 303 provides assistance to the fertilizer. When the discharging port 1042 or the feeding pipe 202 is blocked, the blocking material can also be pushed out with the assistance of the discharging auger 303, ensuring the stability of fertilization.

[0038] In this embodiment, the distributing auger 302 includes a distributing auger 302 rod. The distributing auger 302 rod extends along a direction parallel to the fixed rod 102, and its two ends are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall surface of the feeding hopper 201. The distributing auger 302 rod is provided with mirror-symmetrical first spiral blades 3024 and second spiral blades 3025 along its extending direction. The mirror-symmetrical first spiral blades 3024 and second spiral blades 3025 enable the distributing auger 302 to push the central fertilizer to both sides, avoiding the accumulation of central fertilizer and insufficient fertilizer supply at the edge position of the discharging side of the feeding hopper 201.

[0039] In this embodiment, a plurality of blanking holes 2015 corresponding to and communicating with the respective feed pipes 202 are formed at the bottom of the discharge side of the charging hopper 201. The blanking holes 2015 are arranged in sequence along the direction perpendicular to the travel. The blanking auger 303 extends in the vertical direction and passes through the blanking holes 2015 and then extends into the top position of the feed pipe 202 to achieve the feeding work. Preferably, a hanger 305 is provided above the discharge side of the charging bin. The top end of the blanking auger 303 is installed on the hanger 305 and is rotatably connected to the hanger 305. The bottom end of the blanking auger 303 passes through the blanking holes 2015 and then extends into the top position of the feed pipe 202, and the top position of the corresponding feed pipe 202 has a straight pipe structure coaxial with the blanking auger 303. Preferably, a baffle plate 2014 is provided between adjacent blanking holes 2015. The baffle plate 2014 separates the blanking holes 2015, improves the thrust of the blanking auger 303 on the fertilizer, and improves the discharging effect.

[0040] In this embodiment, the charging hopper 201 is divided into a crushing chamber 2011 and a material distribution chamber 2012. The crushing chamber 2011 is connected above one side of the material distribution chamber 2012 and serves as the feed side of the charging hopper 201. The other side of the material distribution chamber 2012 opposite to the crushing chamber 2011 serves as the discharge side of the charging hopper 201, and blanking holes 2015 are formed at its bottom. The baffle plate 2014 is installed on the bottom wall of the material distribution chamber 2012 for separating the blanking holes 2015. The crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing chamber 2011. The material conveying mechanism is arranged in the material distribution chamber 2012. For example, when the material conveying mechanism adopts a guiding plate 2013, the guiding plate 2013 is installed on the inner bottom wall of the material distribution chamber 2012 and gradually inclines downward from the material falling opening of the crushing chamber 2011 to the direction of the blanking holes 2015. The material distribution auger 302 is installed in the material distribution chamber 2012. A hanger 305 is provided at the position above the material distribution chamber 2012 corresponding to the blanking holes 2015.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, the fertilizer treatment mechanism 3 further includes a motor 304 and a power supply 307. The motor 304 and the power supply 307 are fixedly installed on the lower end face of the feeding hopper 201. A first gear 3041 is provided on the output shaft of the motor 304, and a second gear 3026 meshing with the first gear 3041 is provided on the material distributing auger 302. A second synchronous pulley 3022 and a third synchronous pulley 3021 are provided on the material distributing auger 302, and a first synchronous pulley 3012 cooperating with the second synchronous pulley 3022 is provided on the crushing shaft 301. A first synchronous belt 3013 for transmission is sleeved on the first synchronous pulley 3012 and the second synchronous pulley 3022. A transmission shaft 306 rotatably connected is provided on the hanger 305. A fourth synchronous pulley 3062 cooperating with the third synchronous pulley 3021 is provided on the transmission shaft 306. A second synchronous belt 3023 for transmission is sleeved on the third synchronous pulley 3021 and the fourth synchronous pulley 3062. A worm 3061 is provided on the transmission shaft 306, and a worm gear 3031 cooperating with the worm 3061 is provided on the material discharging auger 303.

[0042] The motor 304 drives the material distributing auger 302 to rotate through the cooperation of the first gear 3041 and the second gear 3026, drives the crushing shaft 301 to rotate through the cooperation of the first synchronous pulley 3012, the second synchronous pulley 3022 and the first synchronous belt 3013, drives the transmission shaft 306 to rotate through the cooperation of the third synchronous pulley 3021, the fourth synchronous pulley 3062 and the second synchronous belt 3023, and the transmission shaft 306 drives the material discharging auger 303 to rotate through the cooperation of the worm gear 3031 and the worm 3061, thereby realizing the driving of the entire fertilizer treatment mechanism 3 by the motor 304.

[0043] Further, when the device is in use, it is first connected to a traction device. The traction device drives the connecting frame 101 and the fixing rod 102 fixed at the bottom of the connecting frame 101 to move forward. The outer plow claws 103 on the lower end face of the fixing rod 102 and the inner plow claws 104 movably installed inside it deeply plow the saline-alkali land. During the plowing process, the fertilizer in the feeding hopper 201 starts to take effect. The fertilizer first enters the crushing chamber 2011 of the feeding hopper 201. The crushing shaft 301 installed in the crushing chamber 2011 and rotatably connected to the feeding hopper 201 starts to rotate under the driving action of the motor 304 through a series of gears, synchronous pulleys and synchronous belts. The crushing blades 3011 uniformly arranged on the crushing shaft 301 crush the large pieces of fertilizer just put in, preventing it from blocking the pipeline and causing uneven fertilization. Subsequently, the fertilizer enters the material distribution chamber 2012. The material distribution auger 302 rotatably connected in the material distribution chamber 2012 also rotates under the drive of the motor 304. Its mirror-symmetrical first spiral blade 3024 and second spiral blade 3025 push the fertilizer to both sides, preventing the fertilizer from accumulating in the center and insufficient feeding at the edge feeding holes 2015. The guide plate 2013 inclined downward at the bottom of the material distribution chamber 2012 guides the fertilizer to the feeding holes 2015. The distribution plate 2014 separates each feeding hole 2015, improving the feeding effect. The feeding auger 303 is installed on the hanger 305 and assists the fertilizer under the drive of the motor 304 through the transmission shaft 306, the worm wheel 3031 and the worm 3061. When the discharge port 1042 or the feeding pipe 202 is blocked, it assists in pushing out the blockage. The fertilizer enters the feeding pipe 202 through the feeding holes 2015. The top of the feeding pipe 202 is connected to the feeding holes 2015 in a through manner, and the bottom is connected to the outer plow claws 103 in a through manner. The outer plow claws 103 are of a hollow structure. The top passes through the installation through hole 1021 on the fixing rod 102 through the external thread pipe 1031 and is fixed with a nut 105. There are two feeding ports 1032 on its upper end face that are connected to the bottom of the feeding pipe 202 in a through manner, ensuring stable fertilizer supply. Even if a single pipe is blocked, it does not affect fertilization. After the fertilizer enters the outer plow claws 103, part of it is guided by the guide groove 1041 on the upper end face of the inner plow claws 104 and discharged from the bottom discharge port 1042, reaching the bottom of the plow furrow and improving the fertilization depth. When adjusting the plowing depth, the adjusting screw rod 106 in the top screw hole 10311 of the external thread pipe 1031 is rotated. The adjusting screw rod 106 drives the push plate 1061 rotatably connected at the bottom to move up and down, and then transmits the stroke to the inner plow claws 104 through the flexible connecting rod 107 to control the extending length of the inner plow claws 104. The shielding curtain 108 fixedly installed on the inner end face of the outer plow claws 103 can prevent soil from flowing back into the gap between the outer plow claws 103 and the inner plow claws 104, and at the same time prevent fertilizer leakage from causing surface fertilization, ensuring that the device plows and fertilizes the muddy coastal saline-alkali land stably and evenly, promoting soil improvement and crop growth.

[0044] Adaptations made according to actual needs are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0046] Specific examples are used in the present invention to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable plow claw, characterized in that: Including inner plow claws and outer plow claws; The outer plow claw is of a hollow structure, and a transmission assembly is movably installed inside the outer plow claw along the direction in which it extends. The top of the outer plow claw is connected to a connecting straight pipe extending in the same direction as the outer plow claw. An adjusting screw rod is coaxially threadedly connected inside the connecting straight pipe. The end of the adjusting screw rod close to the outer plow claw extends into the outer plow claw and is rotatably connected with the transmission assembly. The inner plow claw extends in the same direction as the outer plow claw and is movably installed inside the outer plow claw along the extension direction of the outer plow claw. The inner plow claw is located on the side of the transmission component away from the connecting straight pipe and is connected to the transmission component. The bottom end of the outer plow claw is provided with an opening for the inner plow claw to extend or retract.

2. The adjustable plow claw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a push plate and a flexible connecting rod. The push plate is movably installed inside the outer plow claw along the direction in which the outer plow claw extends. The push plate is coaxially rotatably connected with the adjusting screw rod. The flexible connecting rod is connected between the push plate and the inner plow claw.

3. The adjustable plow claw according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A feed port connected to the inside of the outer plow claw is provided at the top of the outer peripheral wall of the outer plow claw; a material guide groove is provided at the top of the outer peripheral wall of the inner plow claw at a position corresponding to the feed port, and the material guide groove extends along the direction in which the inner plow claw extends; a discharge port is provided at the part of the inner plow claw located outside the outer plow claw, and the discharge port is connected to the material guide groove.

4. The adjustable plow claw according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge port is located at a side of the inner plow claw that is away from the traveling direction of the inner plow claw.

5. The adjustable plow claw according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge port is arranged close to the plow tip of the inner plow claw.

6. The adjustable plow claw according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feed openings are provided with two and are spaced apart along the extending direction of the outer plow claws.

7. A plowing mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a connecting frame, a fixing rod and a plurality of adjustable plow claws as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6; One end of the connecting frame is used to connect with the traction device, and the other end is connected with the fixing rod; The fixing rod extends horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel; The adjustable plow claws are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the fixing rod and are all fixed on the fixing rod.

8. The plowing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing rod is provided with a plurality of mounting through holes respectively corresponding to the adjustable plow claws. The mounting through holes are radially penetrated through the fixing rod and are arranged on the fixing rod. The connecting straight pipes on the adjustable plow claws are detachably connected to the mounting through holes.

9. A ploughing and fertilizing machine for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that: It comprises a fertilizer processing mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism and a ploughing mechanism as claimed in claim 7 or 8; The fertilizing mechanism includes a feeding hopper and a plurality of feeding pipes; the feeding hopper is installed above the connecting frame of the plowing mechanism, and the feeding pipes are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the fixing rod of the plowing mechanism, and the feeding pipes are connected between the discharge side of the feeding hopper and the corresponding feeding port; The fertilizer processing mechanism comprises a crushing mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The crushing mechanism is arranged on the feeding side of the feeding hopper, and the conveying mechanism is arranged between the feeding side and the discharging side of the feeding hopper.

10. The ploughing and fertilizing machine for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fertilizer processing mechanism also includes a distribution auger and a plurality of feeding augers. The distribution auger extends in a direction parallel to the fixed rod and is used to push the feed toward the two ends of the distribution auger. Each of the feeding augers extends into each of the feeding pipes accordingly.

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