Vetiveria zizanioides ecological restoration method for side slope

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ecological environment restoration, in particular to a vetiver grass ecological restoration method for a side slope. The method is easy to operate, the corresponding vetiver grass planting scheme is selected according to the side slope type of the side slope to be restored, and ecological restoration is conducted on the side slope to be restored through the planting scheme. According to the method, the vegetation survival rate is high, the later maintenance cost is low, the effects of increasing the soil fertility and improving the slope bearing capacity can be achieved, a specific ecological circulation system of the high and steep slope can be rapidly formed, and therefore the purpose of repairing the high and steep slope is achieved. The vetiver roots are developed in root system, rapid in downward pricking, resistant to drought and barren, resistant to pollution, resistant to diseases and insect pests, easy and convenient to plant, extensive in management, rapid in survival, capable of maintaining water and soil and the like, auxiliary engineering measures and construction difficulty are greatly reduced, and a disturbed soil ecological system can be rapidly reconstructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ecological environment restoration, and particularly to an ecological restoration method of vetiver grass for slopes. Background Art

[0002] The slopes of high-steep slopes are generally 45° - 90°, mostly bare rocks, which makes it difficult for vegetation to survive and easily causes geological disasters such as soil erosion, landslides, collapses, and debris flows, posing a significant threat to the lives and property safety of people. Due to the unique geological environment of high-steep slopes, it is difficult for vegetation to survive and soil erosion is likely to occur. The reasons are mainly divided into the following three points: First, the slope of the slope is relatively steep, and its slope body is mostly a rocky slope, with poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, making it difficult for vegetation to grow, and the effect of natural restoration alone is poor; Second, the soil is arid and lacks water. High-steep slopes are generally in arid areas. Due to severe water shortage in the soil, it is impossible to form environmental conditions suitable for vegetation growth, thus forming a vicious cycle and exacerbating soil erosion; Third, the soil is barren and lacks the nutrient elements required for plant growth. Since all the high-steep slopes are bare soil bodies, there are few microorganisms on the soil surface, making it difficult to improve the soil body, resulting in a severe lack of soil nutrients, and thus it is difficult for vegetation to survive.

[0003] However, the existing technologies are difficult to achieve the purpose of ecological restoration of high-steep slopes. Due to the relatively steep high-steep slopes, there are prone to phenomena such as unstable base materials and easy slippage. The restoration of slopes with thick-layer base materials is only applicable to slopes below 45°. If the slope is steeper than 45°, it will cause unstable base materials, unable to resist the scouring of heavy rain, and even cause secondary damage to the slope. If the base materials slip, it will not only cause waste of resources, but also be difficult to achieve the purpose of turning green and restoring the greenery of high-steep slopes. The high-steep slope areas are arid and lack water, and general ecological restoration is difficult to achieve the effect of water retention and nutrient preservation. If continuous watering and fertilizing are carried out, it will inevitably impose a certain burden on human, material, and financial resources, and the operation is relatively cumbersome. The soil of high-steep slopes is relatively poor, difficult to provide the nutrient substances required for plant growth, and lacks the space required for plant growth.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an ecological restoration method suitable for slopes, especially high-steep slopes, nowadays. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem of difficult ecological restoration of slopes in the prior art, and provide an ecological restoration method of vetiver grass for slopes.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An ecological restoration method of vetiver grass for slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Obtain the slope type of the slope to be repaired, and level the slope surface of the slope to be repaired and build a retaining wall; the retaining wall is arranged at the bottom of the slope to be repaired;

[0009] S2: Select a corresponding vetiver planting plan according to the slope type;

[0010] S3: Repair and plant the slope to be repaired according to the vetiver planting plan;

[0011] S4: Regularly maintain the slope to be repaired after repair planting.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in S1, the slope type includes division according to slope and division according to slope material composition;

[0013] Division according to slope: when the slope < 30°, it is a gentle slope; when the slope ≥ 30° and ≤ 45°, it is a slope; when the slope ≥ 45° and ≤ 75°, it is a steep slope; when the slope > 75°, it is an extremely steep slope;

[0014] Division according to slope material composition: includes rocky, soil and rock-soil mixture.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the slope of the slope to be repaired ≥ 30°, the vetiver planting plan in S2 is: trim several levels of platforms on the slope to be repaired, and plant a row of vetiver on the inner and outer sides of each platform respectively.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the slope to be repaired is a slope, the width of the platform is 30 ± 10 cm, and the height difference between adjacent two levels of platforms is 70 ± 10 cm; and the vetiver on the platform is planted according to the cluster spacing [20 cm, 30 cm].

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the slope to be repaired is a steep slope or an extremely steep slope, judge whether the soil accumulation performance of the slope to be repaired meets the preset conditions;

[0018] If it meets the preset conditions, and the slope length of the slope to be repaired is greater than 10 m; the width of the platform is 50 ± 10 cm, and the height difference between adjacent two levels of platforms is 70 ± 10 cm; and the vetiver on the platform is planted in a contour W shape according to the cluster spacing [15 cm, 25 cm];

[0019] Otherwise, use geocell grass planting or vegetation ecological concrete slope protection as the vetiver planting plan.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the present invention, S2 includes the following steps:

[0021] S21: Obtain the vetiver grass planting plan applicable to the slope to be repaired according to the applicable table of vetiver grass planting plans;

[0022] The applicable table for the vetiver planting plan is:

[0023]

[0024] S22: selecting any one of the applicable vetiver grass planting schemes as the vetiver grass planting scheme for the slope to be restored.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the present invention, when the slope to be repaired is a gentle slope, if grass planting is suitable, grass planting is selected as the vetiver planting solution, and dense planting is carried out in a herringbone pattern according to the standards of cluster spacing [20cm, 30cm] and row spacing [200cm, 300cm].

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the regular maintenance in S4 includes fertilizing, watering, pest and disease prevention, shaping and pruning, and replanting.

[0027] A vetiver grass ecological restoration device for a slope comprises at least one processor and a memory in communication with the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute any of the methods described above.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention is simple to operate. According to the type of slope to be repaired, a corresponding vetiver planting scheme is selected, and the slope to be repaired is ecologically restored by using the planting scheme. The method of the present invention has a high vegetation survival rate and low later maintenance cost. It can achieve the effect of increasing soil fertility and improving the bearing capacity of the slope, and can quickly form an ecological circulation system unique to high and steep slopes, thereby achieving the purpose of repairing high and steep slopes. In addition, the present invention utilizes the functions of vetiver such as its well-developed root system, rapid rooting, drought and barrenness resistance, pollution resistance, pest and disease resistance, simple planting, extensive management, rapid survival, and soil and water conservation, which greatly reduces auxiliary engineering measures and construction difficulty, and can quickly rebuild the disturbed soil ecosystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of a method for ecological restoration of a slope using vetiver grass according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of slope planting in a method for ecological restoration of vetiver grass on a slope as described in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3Schematic diagram of gentle slope in the vetiver ecological restoration method for slope described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of restoration effect in the vetiver ecological restoration method for slope described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vetiver ecological restoration equipment for slope using the method described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention as described in Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation manners. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, a vetiver ecological restoration method for slope includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: Obtain the slope type of the slope to be restored, and level the slope surface of the slope to be restored and build a retaining wall; the retaining wall is arranged at the bottom of the slope to be restored.

[0039] The slope type includes division according to slope and division according to slope material composition;

[0040] Division according to slope: When the slope < 30°, it is a gentle slope; when the slope ≥ 30° and ≤ 45°, it is a slope; when the slope ≥ 45° and ≤ 75°, it is a steep slope; when the slope > 75°, it is an extremely steep slope;

[0041] Division according to slope material composition: It includes rocky, soil, and rock-soil mixture.

[0042] The slope surface leveling is: Remove protruding rocks, garbage, etc. on the slope surface, and then level the slope surface to make its slope roughly the same.

[0043] S2: Select a corresponding vetiver planting plan according to the slope type.

[0044] S3: Carry out restoration planting on the slope to be restored according to the vetiver planting plan.

[0045] S4: Carry out regular maintenance on the slope to be restored after restoration planting. The regular maintenance includes fertilization, watering, pest control, shaping and pruning, and replanting.

[0046] Furthermore, the first 60 days after the Vetiveria zizanioides is planted are the key management period, during which watering should be carried out in a timely manner. After taking root, it is easier to manage compared with other greening measures. Seedling replenishment, weed removal, and fertilization should be carried out within 3 months, and then it will naturally succeed to the native climax plant community.

[0047] Furthermore, the present invention mainly utilizes the following systemic characteristics of Vetiveria zizanioides:

[0048] Large biomass: 10 - 15 t / a of dry hay per mu, 4 - 6 t / a of dry hay, and the root yield is 1.5 - 2.5 t / a (about 30 - 80 kg can be effectively recovered);

[0049] Well-developed roots: The roots grow vigorously, thickly, and have strong shear resistance. They can penetrate deeply into the ground. Generally, they can penetrate more than 1 m underground within one year, but it varies depending on the soil. Due to its strong and deeply penetrating roots and thick and large leaves, it can intercept rainwater, reduce surface runoff, and increase the water holding capacity of the soil. When the soil moisture is close to saturation, it can reduce the soil moisture by 41.6% through transpiration (i.e., the soil suction phenomenon), thus helping to enhance the soil stability;

[0050] Fast growth: This plant can be harvested in the year of planting. After being managed for about 15 days, it can turn green and grow again. It is planted 4 months before the rainy season every year, and can intercept more than 40% of the surface runoff and soil erosion in the same year. The Vetiveria zizanioides hedge that has grown for more than one year can intercept and reduce the runoff volume by more than 70%, and reduce the soil erosion amount by more than 90%;

[0051] Pollution resistance and pollution reduction ability: It has a strong absorption effect on nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. in soil and water loss;

[0052] Pest and disease resistance: The volatile essential oil contained in the Vetiveria zizanioides system can repel rats and other harmful pests and diseases;

[0053] Biological safety: After being improved and cultivated by biotechnology, this plant does not reproduce through seeds, and only spreads within the range of 20 - 30 cm of its root tillering. It will not spread out of control and does not produce biological toxins, so it has good biological safety.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that:

[0056] When the slope of the slope to be repaired ≥ 30°, the Vetiveria zizanioides planting plan in S2 is: several levels of platforms are trimmed on the slope to be repaired, and one row of Vetiveria zizanioides is planted on the inner and outer sides of each platform respectively.

[0057] When the slope to be repaired is a ramp, as Figure 2As shown, the width of the platform is 30 ± 10 cm, and the height difference between adjacent two levels of the platform is 70 ± 10 cm; and the vetiver on the platform is planted according to the spacing of [20 cm, 30 cm].

[0058] When the slope to be repaired is a steep slope or a particularly steep slope, it is judged whether the soil accumulation performance of the slope to be repaired meets the preset conditions;

[0059] If the preset conditions are met and the slope length of the slope to be repaired is greater than 10 m; the width of the platform is 50 ± 10 cm, and the height difference between adjacent two levels of the platform is 70 ± 10 cm; and the vetiver on the platform is planted in a contour W shape according to the spacing of [15 cm, 25 cm];

[0060] Otherwise, the geocell grass planting or the vegetation ecological concrete slope protection is adopted as the vetiver planting scheme.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] The difference between this example and the foregoing examples lies in:

[0063] S2 includes the following steps:

[0064] S21: Obtain the vetiver planting scheme applicable to the slope to be repaired according to the vetiver planting scheme application table;

[0065] The vetiver planting scheme application table is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Furthermore, the following are the planting requirements and details of each vetiver planting scheme:

[0068] I. Grass (shrub) greening: A greening form of sowing grass (shrub) seeds or planting shrubs on the matrix.

[0069] 1. Cultivate in a "pin" shape with a certain hole spacing.

[0070] 2. Construct in the order of slope treatment, sowing (planting), and maintenance.

[0071] 3. Before sowing or planting, the soil water content can be increased by sprinkling water or other means.

[0072] 4. Determine the initial planting density according to the protection requirements in combination with the species characteristics and site conditions for the sowing amount.

[0073] 5. The spacing of the planting holes can be determined according to the planting density.

[0074] II. Vegetation bag greening: Fill the matrix such as mature soil, fertilizer, seeds, water retaining agent, etc. into a bag with the characteristics of soil retention, water permeability, anti-ultraviolet, corrosion resistance, and easy penetration by plants

[0075] The greening form of placing the bags on the slope surface.

[0076] 1. Design a 5% - 10% reverse slope for the vegetation bag foundation.

[0077] 2. Construct in the order of slope surface arrangement, vegetation bag filling, vegetation bag stacking, vegetation bag reinforcement, sowing seeds or transplanting shrubs, and maintenance.

[0078] 3. Lay the vegetation bags layer by layer from bottom to top and stack them in a "pin" shape.

[0079] 4. Tighten the vegetation bags with a "rice" - shaped wire mesh to closely adhere to the slope surface and fix them with steel bars.

[0080] III. Grass planting with three - dimensional geogrid mat: A greening form of grass planting by filling the three - dimensional structure geogrid mat with matrix materials such as gravel, fine stones, and soil.

[0081] 1. The unit area mass of the three - dimensional geogrid mat is greater than or equal to 350 g / m², the thickness is greater than or equal to 1.4 cm, and the maximum tensile strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions is greater than or equal to 2.0 kN / m.

[0082] 2. Adopt fixing measures such as U - shaped wire and ground anchor nails for the three - dimensional geogrid mat.

[0083] 3. Construct in the order of slope surface arrangement, backfilling of imported soil, sowing grass seeds, fixing the three - dimensional geogrid mat, covering with non - woven fabric, and maintenance.

[0084] 4. The buried groove depth of the three - dimensional geogrid mat is greater than 30 cm.

[0085] 5. The three - dimensional geogrid mat is laid closely to the ground.

[0086] 6. Adjacent three - dimensional geogrid mats are connected with geotextile ropes.

[0087] IV. Grass and shrub planting with geocell: A greening form of grass (shrub) planting by filling the geocell with matrix materials such as gravel, fine stones, and soil.

[0088] 1. Select geocell materials with light weight, wear resistance, anti - aging, good toughness, and strong impact resistance for the geocell.

[0089] 2. Fill the geocell with fertile soil and fix it through anchor piles.

[0090] 3. Construct in the order of slope surface arrangement, laying the geocell, filling and burying with soil, planting vegetation, and maintenance.

[0091] 4. Use U - shaped anchor trenches for the end slots.

[0092] 5. Fill the geocell with soil layer by layer from bottom to top.

[0093] V. Hydraulic seeding: A greening method in which plant seeds, adhesives, fertilizers, water retention agents, and water are made into a suspension with a certain viscosity and sprayed onto the slope surface through special seeding machinery and equipment.

[0094] 1. Before hydraulic seeding, trim the slope so that the protrusions or recessions are less than 10 cm.

[0095] 2. After hydraulic seeding, set up covering measures.

[0096] 3. Construct in the order of slope leveling, anchoring and net hanging, hydraulic seeding, non-woven fabric covering, and maintenance.

[0097] 4. Keep the slope body moist before seeding, and stir the mixed suspension evenly with good adhesion.

[0098] 5. Conduct seeding from high to low.

[0099] VI. Soil spraying seeding: A greening method in which plant seeds, planting soil, organic matter, fertilizers, water retention agents, etc. are formulated into a professional soil base material and plant growth matrix in reasonable proportions and sprayed onto the slope surface through special spraying equipment.

[0100] 1. Before soil spraying seeding, trim the slope so that the protrusions or recessions are less than 10 cm.

[0101] 2. After soil spraying seeding, set up covering measures.

[0102] 3. Construct in the order of slope leveling, anchoring and net hanging, culture medium mixing, culture medium spraying, seed layer seeding, non-woven fabric covering, and maintenance.

[0103] 4. Mix the spraying matrix on-site, and the stirring time is greater than or equal to 5 minutes.

[0104] 5. The spraying thickness is 10 cm to 20 cm.

[0105] VII. Vegetation ecological concrete slope protection: A greening method that uses a vegetation concrete base material and seed formula and sprays the base material onto the slope surface using shotcrete equipment.

[0106] 1. Before vegetation ecological concrete slope protection, trim the slope so that the protrusions or recessions are less than 10 cm.

[0107] 2. Set up slope drain pipes or drainage ditches for vegetation ecological concrete slope protection.

[0108] 3. After the construction of vegetation ecological concrete slope protection, set up covering measures.

[0109] 4. Construct in the order of slope leveling, laying of geotextile nets and anchor nails, preparation of vegetation concrete base material, vegetation concrete spraying, and maintenance.

[0110] 5. Prepare, stir, and spray the vegetation ecological concrete base material on-site.

[0111] 6. The thickness of the hydroseeding is 8 cm to 10 cm, and the thickness of the surface base material is 40 mm to 50 mm.

[0112] S22: Select the plan with the highest adaptability from the applicable Vetiver grass planting plans as the Vetiver grass planting plan for the slope to be repaired.

[0113] Furthermore, under the same conditions, the adaptability relationships of each planting plan are as follows: grass (shrub) greening > vegetation bag greening > three-dimensional geogrid mat grass planting > geogrid grass and shrub planting > hydraulic hydroseeding > soil spraying > vegetation ecological concrete slope protection.

[0114] Furthermore, when the slope to be repaired is a gentle slope, if grass greening is applicable, as Figure 3 shown, then select grass greening as the Vetiver grass planting plan, and conduct diamond-shaped close planting according to the standards of the cluster spacing [20 cm, 30 cm] and the row spacing [200 cm, 300 cm]. The schematic diagram of the slope after ecological restoration is as Figure 4 shown.

[0115] Example 4

[0116] The difference between this example and the previous examples is that the regular maintenance includes:

[0117] 1. Methods such as fertilization, watering, pest and disease prevention, shaping and pruning, and replanting can be used for regular maintenance.

[0118] 2. The maintenance period after construction is at least 1 year to 2 years.

[0119] 3. After the planting of Vetiver grass is completed, cover it in time.

[0120] 4. Water in time according to the habits and soil moisture of Vetiver grass, and the maintenance water does not contain components such as oil, acid, and alkali that are harmful to plant growth.

[0121] 5. Fertilize according to the growth requirements of Vetiver grass, and methods such as hole application, root application, and ring application can be used for fertilization.

[0122] 6. According to the pest and disease epidemic situation of Vetiver grass, take biological, physical, chemical and other methods to prevent and control pests and diseases in time.

[0123] 7. When large areas of vegetation die, show bald patches, or fall off, clarify the reasons in time and conduct replanting.

[0124] Example 5

[0125] The difference between this example and the previous examples is that the Vetiver grass planting plan corresponding to the vegetation bag greening includes:

[0126] ① Slope leveling

[0127] Remove the floating soil on the base surface and moderately level the base.

[0128] ② Install the vegetation bags

[0129] Fill the vegetation bags with mature soil (crop soil containing humus) or raw soil mixed with humus, plant ash, and organic fertilizer, leaving about 8 - 15 cm from the bag mouth, and manually tamp it during the filling process, and use binding to seal the mouth.

[0130] ③ Stack the vegetation bags

[0131] Place the filled vegetation bags in the arch-shaped skeleton along the direction perpendicular to the slope surface. During the installation of the part above the base layer, stack them along the direction parallel to the slope surface and meet the following requirements: Leave a gap of 3 - 5 cm between the vegetation bags during stacking to ensure that the tails of the vegetation bags are connected to the heads after compaction, but no overlap occurs; and ensure that the outer sides of the stacked vegetation bags are smooth and round. For each layer of stacked vegetation bags, conduct manual ramming and control the thickness of the vegetation bags to be 14 - 15 cm, and maintain for 20 - 25 cm.

[0132] ④ Anchor the steel bars

[0133] For slopes with a slope ratio greater than 1:0.5, tighten the wire mesh in a cross shape on the vegetation bags, fix it with &14 steel bars with a length of 80 - 100 cm in the middle of each arch, and fix the others with &14 steel bars with a length of 50 cm.

[0134] ⑤ Shrub transplantation and maintenance

[0135] Before planting the finished seedlings, select container seedlings with uniform specifications and strong growth; use spot planting for planting, the digging depth of the holes should be 0.1 - 0.2 m, plant them into the pre-dug planting holes, pile fine soil at the roots, and gently compact. After planting, pour enough root-fixing water. Keep the humidity of the planting substrate and conduct normal maintenance.

[0136] Example 6

[0137] The difference between this example and the previous examples is that the vetiver planting plan corresponding to the hydraulic spraying includes:

[0138] ① Slope leveling

[0139] Remove the unstable stones or sundries on the slope surface, and there should be no loose stones or dangerous stones. For slopes such as rock-filled embankment slopes that are not conducive to the growth of grass seeds, backfill and improve the guest soil, the thickness of the improved guest soil should not be less than 10 cm, and moisten it with water to let the improved guest soil settle naturally until it is stable.

[0140] ② Hydraulic spraying of seeds

[0141] Add water to 1 / 3 of the material tank, turn on the circulation pressure pump, add wood fiber and grass seeds for circulation stirring, and add adhesive and water retaining agent as the amount of water in the tank increases for stirring. After the tank is filled with water, add fertilizer and continue to stir the slurry in the tank for 5-10 minutes. The water retaining agent should fully absorb water and be ready for use. When spraying, spray from high to low, hold the nozzle tightly, spray to the left and right, with a spray width of 5-6 meters and a height of 1 meter. When spraying, the stubble should be pressed 40cm. The sprayed seed slurry should have good adhesion and obvious color, without omission, duplication and uniformity.

[0142] ③ Cover with non-woven fabric

[0143] The non-woven fabric should be covered in time on the day after spraying, and it should be covered evenly from top to bottom, and the top of the slope should be extended 30cm and pressed with soil; two pieces should be connected and overlapped 10cm, and then fixed with "U" nails made of bamboo chopsticks or 8# iron wire, with a fixed spacing of 100cm. When the grass grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 leaves, the non-woven fabric should be removed. Water should be controlled before removing the fabric, and water should be added in time after removing the fabric. After the non-woven fabric is removed, personnel should be organized to collect it in time, and it should not be left at the site.

[0144] ④Maintenance

[0145] Maintenance begins 1-2 days after spraying. The slope surface should be kept moist in the initial maintenance period. The initial maintenance period is 45-60 days. Watering is mainly done every day, once in the morning and once in the evening. The morning maintenance should be completed before 10 o'clock, and the evening maintenance should start after 4 o'clock in the afternoon. Avoid spraying maintenance under strong sunlight to avoid physiological water shortage and inducement of diseases and insect pests. When the grass grows to more than 10cm, it depends on natural precipitation, but if the continuous high temperature and drought time exceeds 5 days, watering should be arranged. Pay attention to weeding in the early stage; fertilize according to the growth of the grass in the later stage in spring and before winter.

[0146] Example 7

[0147] The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that the planting scheme of vetiver grass corresponding to the foreign soil spraying includes:

[0148] ① Slope leveling

[0149] Level the slope, break up soil blocks with a diameter of more than 20cm, and ensure that the height difference of the slope does not exceed 10cm after leveling; clean up the gravel and plastic waste on the slope to facilitate the close combination of the culture medium and the slope. Dig 3-5cm deep parallel trenches at a longitudinal spacing of 0.2m on the slope, ensuring that there are no less than 4 trenches within a longitudinal spacing of 1m.

[0150] ② Mixing of culture medium

[0151] The culture medium is made by mixing planting soil, organic matter, fertilizers, etc. according to the mixing ratio. The mixing ratio of the nutrient medium should be determined strictly in accordance with the design requirements, and the dosage of various materials per can of culture medium should be converted according to the packaging of the materials in each incoming batch.

[0152] During use, various materials are mixed on-site according to the ratio, and then the mixed materials are shoveled into the mixing tank of the wet shotcreting machine by a small forklift, and after adding water, mechanical mixing is carried out for at least 5 minutes.

[0153] ③ Spraying the culture medium

[0154] The mechanically stirred culture medium is sprayed onto the slope surface under high pressure, and the average spraying thickness is 3 cm - 5 cm. When spraying with the nozzle, the distance from the slope surface should be about 1.5 m.

[0155] ④ Hydraulic seeding of the seed layer

[0156] A viscous slurry prepared by mixing seeds, binder, fertilizer, water retaining agent, wood fiber and water, etc. in a certain proportion is directly sprayed onto the slope through high pressure by a seeding machine equipped with an air compressor. The sprayed seed slurry should have good adhesion and obvious color, without omission, repetition and be uniform.

[0157] ⑤ Covering with non-woven fabric

[0158] The non-woven fabric should be covered in time on the day after seeding, covered flat from top to bottom, with 30 cm extended at the slope top and pressed with soil; the two adjacent pieces are overlapped by 10 cm, and then fixed with "U" nails made of bamboo chopsticks or 8# iron wire, with a fixed spacing of 100 cm. When the grass grows to 5 - 6 cm or has 2 - 3 leaves, the non-woven fabric is removed. After the non-woven fabric is removed, personnel should be organized to collect it in time and it should not be left on the site.

[0159] Example 8

[0160] As Figure 5 shown, a vetiver ecological restoration device for a slope includes at least one processor, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, and at least one input / output interface communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute a method described in the foregoing embodiment. The input / output interface may include a display, a keyboard, a mouse, and a USB interface for inputting and outputting data.

[0161] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps including those of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as removable storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0162] When the above integrated unit of the present invention is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as removable storage devices, ROM, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0163] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain the slope type of the slope to be repaired, and perform slope leveling and retaining wall construction on the slope to be repaired; the retaining wall is set at the bottom of the slope to be repaired; S2: selecting a corresponding vetiver grass planting plan according to the slope type; S3: Planting the slope to be repaired according to the vetiver planting plan; S4: Regularly maintain the slope to be repaired after the repair planting.

2. The method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the slope types include classification based on slope gradient and classification based on slope material composition; According to the slope classification: when the slope is less than 30°, it is a gentle slope; when the slope is ≥30° and ≤45°, it is a slope; when the slope is ≥45° and ≤75°, it is a steep slope; when the slope is greater than 75°, it is an extremely steep slope; Classification based on slope material composition: including rock, soil and rock-soil mixture.

3. The method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the slope of the slope to be repaired is ≥30°, the vetiver planting scheme in S2 is: a plurality of platforms are trimmed on the slope to be repaired, and a row of vetiver is planted on the inner and outer sides of each platform.

4. The method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the slope to be repaired is a slope, the width of the platform is 30±10 cm, and the height difference between two adjacent platforms is 70±10 cm; and the vetiver on the platform is planted at a cluster spacing of [20 cm, 30 cm].

5. The method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the slope to be repaired is a steep slope or an extremely steep slope, judging whether the soil accumulation performance of the slope to be repaired meets a preset condition; If the preset conditions are met, and the slope length of the slope to be repaired is greater than 10m; the width of the platform is 50±10cm, and the height difference between two adjacent platforms is 70±10cm; and the vetiver on the platform is planted in a W-shaped pattern according to the contour line of [15cm, 25cm] cluster spacing; Otherwise, geocell grass planting or vegetation eco-concrete slope protection can be used as the vetiver grass planting solution.

6. The method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S2 comprises the following steps: S21: Obtain the vetiver grass planting plan applicable to the slope to be repaired according to the applicable table of vetiver grass planting plans; The applicable table for the vetiver planting plan is: S22: selecting any one of the applicable vetiver grass planting schemes as the vetiver grass planting scheme for the slope to be restored.

7. The method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the slope to be repaired is a gentle slope, if grass planting is suitable, grass planting is selected as the vetiver planting plan, and dense planting is carried out in a herringbone pattern according to the standards of cluster spacing [20cm, 30cm] and row spacing [200cm, 300cm].

8. The method for ecological restoration of slopes with vetiver grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regular maintenance in S4 includes fertilizing, watering, pest control, shaping and pruning, and replanting.

9. A vetiver grass ecological restoration device for slopes, characterized in that: It includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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