Heating device for large iron mold with different cavity blocks and method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of heating device and method for large iron mold and model of different cavity multiple blocks, it belongs to the field of machinery.The present application includes moving trolley, moving trolley track, grabbing type mechanical hand mechanism and fixed trolley heating furnace, moving trolley is in moving trolley track, grabbing type mechanical hand mechanism is grabbed from moving trolley and moved to the heating trolley of fixed trolley heating furnace;Grabbing type mechanical hand mechanism includes moving trolley, moving track frame, moving trolley track, lifting dynamic beam, hydraulic cylinder, mechanical gripper, guide rod and column, moving trolley is moved on moving trolley track, and moving track frame is installed in column;Moving trolley is equipped with synchronous lifting hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic cylinder is connected with lifting dynamic beam, and four guide rods are installed on the upper portion of lifting dynamic beam, and two mechanical grippers are installed on the bottom surface of lifting dynamic beam.The present application is reliable in operation, easy to install, low in maintenance cost, high in automation degree, smooth in process flow, and meets the use demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a heating device and method, and more particularly to a heating device and method for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities, which belongs to the field of machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Iron mold sand casting belongs to the category of special casting. Its casting production has advantages such as being green, high-quality, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and low-cost. It is mainly used for the casting production of large batches of small and medium-sized castings, such as the mass production of automobile castings.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of the equipment manufacturing industry, some large equipment has placed higher demands on the quality of its castings. These castings (such as main shaft castings and planetary carrier castings in wind power systems) have low production requirements and are large castings (weighing over 10 tons, with maximum dimensions of 3-6 meters). The molds used in casting production often require multiple molds combined, each large in size and weighing between 10-30 tons, with some even reaching 40-50 tons. For the formation of the sand coating layer in the inner cavity of large iron mold sand casting molds, due to the thinness of the coating layer (generally 10-20 mm), thermosetting coated sand is still used. The iron molds and models need to be heated to approximately 150-200℃. For such large and heavy iron molds and models, the built-in electric heating tube heating method used in ordinary iron mold sand casting production is not suitable.

[0004] Therefore, developing a heating device suitable for multiple iron molds and models with different cavities has become one of the keys to realizing sand-coated molding of large iron molds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art and to provide a heating device and method for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities that has a reasonable structural design, reliable operation, convenient installation, low maintenance cost, high degree of automation, and smooth process flow.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is as follows: An external heating furnace is used to heat the molded iron mold and model after molding by means of thermal radiation and thermal convection. Specifically, this heating device for large iron molds and models with multiple different cavities includes a moving trolley carrying the molded iron mold and model after molding and a moving trolley track. The moving trolley is set on the moving trolley track. The device is characterized by further including a gripping robotic arm mechanism and a fixed trolley heating furnace. The gripping robotic arm mechanism grips and moves the iron mold and model from the moving trolley to the heating trolley of the fixed trolley heating furnace. The gripping robotic arm mechanism includes a moving trolley, a moving track frame, a moving trolley track, a lifting beam, and two hydraulic... The system includes a cylinder, two mechanical grippers, four guide rods, and several columns. The mobile trolley can move back and forth on a mobile trolley track on a mobile track frame, which is fixed to several columns. The mobile trolley is equipped with two synchronously lifting hydraulic cylinders. The piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are connected to the lifting beam, which can rise and fall with the hydraulic cylinders. Four guide rods are installed on the upper part of the lifting beam, and two mechanical grippers are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the lifting beam. The fixed trolley heating furnace includes a heating trolley, a trolley moving track, a heating furnace body, and a lifting furnace door. The heating trolley is set on the trolley moving track, and the heating furnace body is set on one side of the heating trolley. The lifting furnace door is set on the upper part of the heating furnace body.

[0007] Preferably, in this invention, when the moving trolley track carrying the iron mold and model is arranged parallel to the moving trolley track of the fixed trolley heating furnace for the iron mold and model, the gripping walking direction and the moving track frame of the gripping manipulator mechanism intersect perpendicularly with the above two; when a different arrangement is adopted, the gripping mechanism walking direction and the walking track frame of the gripping mechanical device can also adopt other arrangements.

[0008] Preferably, the mobile trolley in this invention includes a trolley body, a positioning and running mechanism, an upper hook, wheels and guide wheels. The positioning and running mechanism is provided on the trolley body and is installed on the worktable of the mobile trolley. Multiple wheels and guide wheels are provided on the lower part of the trolley body, and an upper hook is also provided on the lower part of the trolley body.

[0009] Preferably, the mobile trolley in this invention has a welded steel frame structure, and both the moving track frame and the lifting beam are made of welded steel structures.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning and operating mechanism of the present invention includes four large positioning pins arranged in a cross shape.

[0011] Preferably, the present invention also includes a model base, wherein the model base is provided with elongated positioning pin holes arranged in a cross shape, corresponding to the positioning pins arranged in a cross shape on the mobile trolley.

[0012] Preferably, the model base described in this invention is provided with a gripping structure required for the mechanical gripper in a gripping manipulator mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the present invention also includes a pull-down hook, wherein the pull-down hook in the mobile trolley is used in conjunction with the pull-down hook of the gripping robot mechanism station.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for heating a large iron mold and model with multiple cavities of different shapes, characterized by the following steps: A fixed trolley heating furnace is powered on and heated to the required temperature for the iron mold and model; multiple mobile trolleys carrying the iron mold and model are arranged sequentially on the mobile trolley track; the hydraulic cylinder in the gripping manipulator mechanism lowers the mechanical gripper to its lowest position; the first mobile trolley carrying the iron mold and model automatically enters the gripping manipulator mechanism and stops; the iron mold and model heating trolley automatically drives out of the heating furnace body and stops at the iron mold and model receiving position; the hydraulic cylinder in the gripping manipulator mechanism rises, driving the mechanical gripper to rise; when the upper plane of the mechanical gripper is aligned with the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base... After face-to-face contact, the mechanical gripper continues to rise, pulling the iron mold and model upward together. The working surfaces of the upper and lower hooks of the moving trolley are fully engaged, confining the moving trolley to its track and keeping it stationary. The iron mold and model gradually rise away from the plane of the moving trolley. When the hydraulic cylinder in the gripping manipulator mechanism reaches its highest point, the lower plane of the model base will be 100 mm higher than the height of the locating pin of the moving trolley. At this time, the lower plane of the model base is more than 100 mm higher than the upper plane of the heating trolley of the fixed trolley heating furnace. Then, the moving trolley in the gripping manipulator mechanism begins to move along the moving track frame, pulling the iron mold and model away from the gripping manipulator mechanism's workstation to the fixed trolley. After the heating trolley of the trolley heating furnace receives the iron mold and model, it stops. The hydraulic cylinder in the gripping manipulator mechanism slowly descends, causing the mechanical gripper to slowly descend as well, lowering the iron mold and model. Once the lower plane of the model base is lowered to the upper plane of the heating trolley, the iron mold and model are completely placed on the heating trolley. The mechanical gripper continues to descend, and once the upper plane of the mechanical gripper is completely separated from the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base by 50 mm, the hydraulic cylinder stops descending. In the fixed trolley heating furnace, the heating trolley carrying the iron mold and model moves into the furnace body and stops completely inside. The lifting furnace door descends to close the furnace body. The iron mold and model are heated in the fixed trolley heating furnace. When the iron mold and model reach the required temperature... When the sand-coating molding temperature range is reached, the lifting furnace door is opened, and the heating trolley moves out of the furnace body until it stops at the position where the heating trolley receives the mold and model. The hydraulic cylinder in the mold and model gripping robot mechanism rises, driving the mechanical gripper to rise. After the upper plane of the mechanical gripper contacts the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base, the mechanical gripper continues to rise to the highest point, driving the mold and model to rise together, completely separating the mold and model from the heating trolley plane. Then, the moving trolley in the mold and model gripping robot mechanism begins to move in the moving track frame, moving from the position where the heating trolley receives the mold and model in the fixed trolley heating furnace to the position where the mold and model gripping robot mechanism carries the moving trolley and stops.The hydraulic cylinder and mechanical gripper in the mold and model grasping robot mechanism begin to descend, pulling the mold and model down. The positioning pins on the moving trolley's plane re-insert into the corresponding elongated positioning holes on the model base. Once the lower plane of the model base contacts the plane of the moving trolley, the mold and model fall completely onto the moving trolley. The hydraulic cylinder and mechanical gripper continue to descend, and the upper plane of the mechanical gripper completely disengages from the lower plane of the grasping structure on the model base. The moving trolley, carrying the heated mold and model, automatically and completely moves away from the mold and model grasping robot mechanism's workstation, completing the heating operation for this mold and model. This cycle is repeated to complete the heating operation for multiple molds and models.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) The overall structure is reasonably designed and safe and reliable. Through the device of this application, the heating operation of multiple large iron molds with different cavities and corresponding models can be completed; (2) The device performs heating operations of multiple sets of large iron molds and models. The process flow is smooth and the heating operation of iron molds and models can be fully mechanized and automated. It is easy to realize the heating operation of multiple different iron molds and models. The heating range of iron molds and models can be freely adjusted according to the needs. After heating, the temperature of iron molds and models is uniform and consistent, which is conducive to improving the sand shooting and sand coating quality of iron molds; (3) Multiple mobile trolleys are used to load different iron molds and models, which are then sequentially fed into the heating device of this invention. This allows for the heating of multiple sets of iron molds and models with different cavities. The number of iron molds and models is unlimited. (4) This external heating device for multiple large iron molds / models has low investment costs, is easy to install, reliable in operation, and has low maintenance costs. (5) When integrated with the iron mold sand casting device and other supporting devices, it can form a large iron mold sand casting molding line, realize the mechanized production of sand casting of multiple large iron molds with different cavities, and thus realize the mass production of large castings made by iron mold sand casting. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fixed trolley heating furnace in the large iron mold and model heating device of this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the fixed trolley heating furnace in the large iron mold and model heating device of this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the gripping manipulator mechanism in the large iron mold and model heating device of this invention.

[0020] Figure 5This is a top view schematic diagram of the gripping manipulator mechanism in the large iron mold and model heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a side view of the gripping robotic arm mechanism in the large iron mold and model heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gripping robotic arm mechanism in the large iron mold and model heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the moving trolley in the large iron mold and model heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a side view of the moving trolley in the heating device for large iron molds and models according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a top view of the moving trolley in the heating device for large iron molds and models according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the moving trolley in the large iron mold and model heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the iron mold and model used in the heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of multiple large iron molds and models during the heating process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the first trolley carrying the assembled iron mold and model entering the iron mold and model grasping station during the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure along direction A.

[0031] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a gripping robotic arm mechanism that separates the iron molds and models from the supporting trolley during the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of how the grabbing and moving device moves the iron molds and models to the top of the heating furnace heating trolley during the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 18This is a schematic diagram of how the grabbing and moving device places the iron molds and models onto the heating furnace heating trolley during the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models in an embodiment of the present invention. The heating trolley enters the heating furnace, the furnace door descends and closes, and the heating of the iron molds and models begins.

[0035] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the gripping device, during the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models according to an embodiment of the present invention, grips the heated iron molds and models and places them on top of a carrier-mounted mobile trolley.

[0036] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of how the gripping device places the heated iron molds and models onto a carrier-mounted mobile trolley during the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the heating process of multiple large iron molds and models according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the trolley carrying the heated iron molds and models moving out of the iron mold / model grasping station.

[0038] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of a large spindle casting. Figure 1 .

[0039] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of a large spindle casting. Figure 2 .

[0040] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the casting of a large wind turbine main shaft iron mold after assembly.

[0041] In the diagram: Iron mold T, Model M, Fixed trolley heating furnace 1, Grasping robot mechanism 2, Mobile trolley 3, Mobile trolley track 4, Model base 5, Base clamping plate 6, Grasping plate 7, Track beam 8.

[0042] Fixed trolley heating furnace 1: heating trolley 11, trolley moving track 12, heating furnace body 13, lifting furnace door 14;

[0043] Grasping robot mechanism 2: mobile trolley 21, mobile track frame 22, mobile trolley track 23, column 24, lifting beam 25, hydraulic cylinder 26, guide rod 27, mechanical gripper 28, pull hook 29, crossbeam 30;

[0044] Mobile trolley 3: trolley body 31, positioning and running mechanism 32, positioning pin 321, upper hook 33, wheel 34, guide wheel 35. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0046] Example.

[0047] See Figures 1 to 25 The heating device for multiple large iron molds and models with different cavities in this embodiment includes a fixed trolley heating furnace 1, a gripping robot mechanism 2, a mobile trolley 3, a mobile trolley track 4, a heating iron mold T and model receiving station, and a station for the iron mold T and model gripping robot mechanism 2, etc. The mobile trolley 3 is set on the mobile trolley track 4, and the mobile trolley track 4 and the track beam 8 together form the structural frame of the track system.

[0048] In this embodiment, the heating operation of the iron mold T and the model is completed in a fixed trolley heating furnace; the movement and transportation of multiple iron mold Ts and models is carried out by a mobile trolley 3, with a set of molded iron mold Ts and models placed on each mobile trolley 3; a gripping robot arm mechanism 2 is used to grab the iron mold Ts and models from the mobile trolley 3 and move them to the heating trolley 11 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, when the moving trolley track 4 carrying the iron mold T and the model is arranged in parallel with the moving trolley track 12 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 for the iron mold T and the model, the gripping walking direction and the moving track frame 22 in the gripping manipulator 2 intersect the above two perpendicularly; when a different arrangement is adopted, the gripping mechanism walking direction and the walking track frame in the gripping mechanical device can also adopt other arrangements.

[0050] like Figures 4-7 As shown, in this embodiment, the gripping manipulator mechanism 2 includes a mobile trolley 21, a mobile track frame 22, a mobile trolley track 23, a lifting beam 25, two hydraulic cylinders 26, two mechanical grippers 28, four guide rods 27, and several columns 24.

[0051] In this embodiment, the mobile trolley 21 is a steel welded frame structure that can move back and forth on the mobile track frame 22. Two synchronously lifting hydraulic cylinders 26 are fixedly installed on the mobile trolley 21. The piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder 26 is fixedly connected to the lifting beam 25. The lifting beam 25 can rise and fall with the hydraulic cylinder 26, and is used to grab or put down the molded iron mold T and model after mold closing.

[0052] In this embodiment, the movable track frame 22 is a welded steel structure. The movable track frame 22 is fixedly installed on several columns 24 to form an integral component, which is used to bear the weight of all mechanical mechanisms above it in the mechanical gripping device, as well as the iron mold T and model, etc.

[0053] In this embodiment, the mobile trolley track 23 and the crossbeam 30 are connected to form a mobile track frame 22, ensuring the safety and reliability of the track system.

[0054] In this embodiment, the lifting beam 25 is a welded steel structure, and the lifting beam 25 is fixedly connected to the piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder 26.

[0055] In this embodiment, four guide rods 27 are also fixedly installed on the upper part of the lifting beam 25, which play a role in smooth guidance when the lifting beam 25 moves up and down.

[0056] In this embodiment, two mechanical grippers 28 are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the lifting beam 25 for gripping or lowering the molded iron T and model after mold closing.

[0057] See Figures 2-3 In this embodiment, the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 includes a heating trolley 11, a trolley moving track 12, a heating furnace body 13, and a lifting furnace door 14. The heating trolley 11 is set on the trolley moving track 12, and the heating furnace body 13 is set on one side of the heating trolley 11. The lifting furnace door 14 is set on the upper part of the heating furnace body 13.

[0058] The heating working principle and process of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 in this embodiment are as follows: the iron mold T and model to be heated are placed on the heating trolley 11, and then the heating trolley 11 drives into the heating furnace and lowers the lifting furnace door 13 to the position, that is, the furnace door is closed, so that the iron mold T and model to be heated are in the closed heating furnace space; the power is turned on, and the electric heating element immediately starts to heat up. The heat generated can raise the temperature inside the furnace to the temperature range required by the iron mold T and model. The heat generated inside the furnace heats up the iron mold T and model inside the heating furnace through radiation, convection and other means until the temperature of the iron mold T and model body reaches the required temperature range.

[0059] like Figures 8-11 As shown, in this embodiment, the mobile trolley 3 includes a trolley body 31, a positioning and running mechanism 32, an upper hook 33, wheels 34 and guide wheels 35. The positioning and running mechanism 32 is provided on the trolley body 31 and is installed on the worktable of the mobile trolley 3. Multiple wheels 34 and guide wheels 35 are provided on the lower part of the trolley body 31.

[0060] In this embodiment, the positioning and running mechanism 32 consists of four large positioning pins arranged in a cross shape on the worktable of the trolley body 31. When the iron mold T and the model are placed on the worktable of the mobile trolley 3, the positioning and running mechanism 32 positions the iron mold T and the model between the mobile trolley 3 and the mobile trolley 3. At the same time, when the mobile trolley 3 moves automatically, it drives the iron mold T and the model to move and run together with the mobile trolley 3.

[0061] In this embodiment, an upper hook 33 is also provided below the body 31 of the mobile trolley 3, which is used in conjunction with the lower hook 29 of the work station of the iron mold T and model grasping robot arm mechanism 2. When the mechanical gripper 28 in the mobile grasping robot arm mechanism 2 grasps the iron mold T and model from the mobile trolley 3, the mobile trolley 3 is fixed on the mobile trolley track 4.

[0062] In this embodiment, the wheels 34 of the mobile trolley 3 adopt a self-powered wheel system.

[0063] To meet the production and operation requirements of the heating device in this embodiment, the iron mold T and model used in production are shown in the structural diagram, as follows. Figure 12 As shown, the model base 5 is provided with cross-shaped elongated positioning pin holes corresponding to the cross-shaped positioning pins 321 on the mobile trolley 3; at the same time, the model base 5 is also provided with the gripping structure required for the mechanical gripper 28 in the gripping manipulator mechanism 2.

[0064] In this embodiment, an iron mold T, a model gripping plate 7, and a base clamping plate 6 are respectively provided above and below the model base 5.

[0065] In this embodiment, multiple mobile trolleys 3 are used to load iron molds T and models after different molding processes. The mechanical gripper 28 in the gripping robot mechanism 2 grabs the iron molds T and models to the fixed trolley heating furnace 1. In the furnace, the iron molds T and models are heated to the temperature required for sand spraying and sand coating molding through heat exchange methods such as radiation and convection. Then, the iron molds T and models are grabbed from the fixed trolley heating furnace 1 and placed on the mobile trolley 3 to complete the heating operation of the iron molds T and models that need to be sand coated.

[0066] like Figures 13-22As shown, the heating process of the heating device for multiple large iron molds T and models with different cavities in this embodiment is as follows: The fixed trolley heating furnace 1 is powered on and heated to the required temperature of the iron mold T and model. Multiple mobile trolleys 3 carrying the iron mold T and model are arranged sequentially on the mobile trolley track 4. The hydraulic cylinder 26 in the gripping manipulator mechanism 2 drives the mechanical gripper 28 to descend to the lowest position. The first mobile trolley 3 carrying the iron mold T and model automatically enters the gripping manipulator mechanism 2 and stops. The iron mold T and model heating trolley 11 automatically drives out of the heating furnace body 13 and stops at the iron mold T and model receiving position. The hydraulic cylinder 26 in the gripping manipulator mechanism 2 rises, driving the mechanical gripper 28 to rise. When the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 is aligned with the model... After the lower plane of the gripping structure of the base 5 contacts, the mechanical gripper 28 continues to rise, which drives the iron mold T and the model to rise together. The anti-rising mechanism at the bottom of the moving trolley 3 (the working surface of the upper hook 33 of the moving trolley 3 and the working surface of the lower hook 29 are completely in contact) restricts the moving trolley 3 to remain stationary on the moving trolley track 4. The iron mold T and the model gradually rise away from the plane of the moving trolley 3. When the hydraulic cylinder 26 in the gripping manipulator mechanism 2 of the iron mold T and the model rises to the highest point, the lower plane of the model base 5 will be 100 mm higher than the positioning pin 321 of the moving trolley 3. At this time, the lower plane of the model base 5 is more than 100 mm higher than the upper plane of the heating trolley 11 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1. Then the moving trolley in the gripping manipulator mechanism 2... The trolley 21 begins to move within the moving track frame 22, carrying the iron mold T and model away from the gripping manipulator mechanism 2 and onto the heating trolley 11 of the fixed trolley heating furnace 1, where they are received and then stop. The hydraulic cylinder 26 in the gripping manipulator mechanism 2 slowly descends, causing the mechanical gripper 28 to also slowly descend, lowering the iron mold T and model. Once the lower plane of the model's base reaches the upper plane of the heating trolley 11, the iron mold T and model are completely placed on the heating trolley 11. The mechanical gripper 28 continues to descend, and once the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 is completely separated from the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base 5 by 50 mm, the hydraulic cylinder 26 stops descending. The heating trolley 11, carrying the iron mold T and model, moves towards the heating furnace. The body 13 moves completely into the heating furnace body 13 and stops. The lifting furnace door 14 descends to close the heating furnace body 13. The iron mold T and the model are heated in the fixed trolley heating furnace 1. When the iron mold T and the model reach the sand covering molding temperature range, the lifting furnace door 14 is opened. The heating trolley 11 moves out of the heating furnace body 13 and stops at the position where the heating trolley 11 receives the iron mold T and the model. The hydraulic cylinder 26 in the iron mold T and model gripping manipulator mechanism 2 rises, driving the mechanical gripper 28 to rise. After the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 contacts the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base 5, the mechanical gripper 28 continues to rise to the highest point, driving the iron mold T and the model to rise together. The iron mold T and the model are completely separated from the plane of the heating trolley 11.Then, the moving trolley 21 in the iron mold T and model grasping robot mechanism 2 begins to move within the moving track frame 22, moving from the heating trolley 11 in the fixed trolley heating furnace 1, which carries the iron mold T and model, to the station of the iron mold T and model grasping robot mechanism 2, which carries the moving trolley 3, and stops there. The hydraulic cylinder 26 and mechanical gripper 28 in the iron mold T and model grasping robot mechanism 2 begin to descend, driving the iron mold T and model down. The positioning pin 321 on the plane of the moving trolley 3 re-inserts into the phase on the model base 5. In the corresponding elongated positioning hole, after the lower plane of the model base 5 contacts the plane of the moving trolley 3, the iron mold T and the model completely fall onto the moving trolley 3; the hydraulic cylinder 26 and the mechanical gripper 28 continue to descend, and the upper plane of the mechanical gripper 28 completely separates from the lower plane of the gripping structure of the model base 5; the moving trolley 3, carrying the heated iron mold T and model, automatically and completely moves away from the workstation of the iron mold T and model gripping robotic arm mechanism 2, completing the heating operation of this iron mold T and model; this cycle is repeated to complete the heating operation of multiple iron mold Ts and models.

[0067] Large castings are produced using iron molds with sand coating. Due to factors such as the casting structure, size, mold-making requirements, and other casting process requirements, more than two large iron molds are often needed to be combined to form the required iron mold with sand coating for large castings, such as wind turbine main shaft castings (e.g., Figure 23-24 As shown), the iron mold with sand covering that forms its outer contour uses multiple iron molds of different shapes and sizes (generally 4 along the length of the main wind turbine shaft axis (each iron mold is about 1 meter high), of which multiple are straight-through wind turbine shaft outer circle molds and 1 is a through-type mold for connecting flanges).

[0068] like Figure 25 As shown, the wind turbine main shaft iron mold sand-coated casting process involves covering the inner cavity of each large iron mold with a layer of coated sand, and then stacking the corresponding wind turbine main shaft outer circular cavity iron mold sand-coated castings together to form a complete wind turbine main shaft outer circular contour cavity iron mold sand-coated casting. Because the sand coating layer of the iron mold sand-coated casting is relatively thin, and some mold cavity shapes are quite complex, in this embodiment, the molding sand for the large iron mold sand-coated casting still uses thermosetting phenolic resin coated sand with good fluidity. Therefore, during the sand coating molding process, the iron mold and model need to be heated to a certain temperature (generally within the range of 150-200℃) to meet the curing temperature requirements of the phenolic resin.

[0069] The principle of the heating device for multiple large iron molds and models in this embodiment is as follows: Large cast iron castings typically weigh between 10 and 30 tons. Their dimensions include a length of 4-6 meters, a width of 2-4 meters, and a height of 2-4 meters. The materials used include ductile iron and gray cast iron. Due to their structure, size, and casting process, it is often difficult to create the necessary molds using only two iron molds. For example, wind turbine main shaft castings typically have a length of 4-6 meters, a connecting flange diameter of 2.8-3.5 meters, and a main shaft journal outer diameter of 1.5-2.0 meters, classifying them as large ductile iron castings. The largest projected diameter of these large iron molds is approximately 5-6 meters, with a height of about 1 meter. Each iron mold weighs between ten and several tens of tons, and the model itself weighs over ten tons. When these types of castings are produced using iron mold sand casting, the mold is typically made of 4-5 pieces due to factors such as product structure, size, and casting process. A crane is used in a large pit to sequentially assemble these individual iron molds into a complete mold (e.g., ...). Figure 25 (As shown). In mass production of iron mold sand casting, because the size and weight of the mold are relatively small, the mold is generally heated directly by installing electric heating elements inside the mold plate and heating the mold through heat conduction. Iron molds generally use the residual heat generated after the molten iron is poured during casting production to heat the iron molds that need to be sand molded. For iron molds that are sand molded for the first time, natural gas or electric heating is used. For large iron molds, the weight of the mold and model is generally tens of tons or more. In the actual production of such large castings, multiple iron molds with different cavities often need to undergo sand-coating molding. Furthermore, the production efficiency of molds and castings for this type of casting is not as high as that required for mass production. Such heavy castings are generally not suitable for stress-relieving annealing. Therefore, to reduce stress generated during the solidification and cooling process of the molten iron, the molten iron needs a long solidification and cooling time in the mold, often requiring tens to hundreds of hours. The temperature of the iron mold often fluctuates from low to high to low under these production conditions. Often, before sand-coating molding, the temperature of the iron mold is already lower than the required temperature. For these types of castings, the iron mold also needs to be heated during sand-coating molding. Therefore, a completely new set of rules is needed for the heating methods of iron molds and models for these large castings to meet their temperature rise requirements.

[0070] The heating principle of the iron mold and model in this embodiment is to heat them together after they are molded together, using an external heating type electrothermal radiation heating method to raise their temperature. That is, the molded iron mold and model are placed in a fixed trolley heating furnace 1 by a gripping robot mechanism 2 for heating, so that the temperature of the iron mold and model after heating can be basically the same. After heating, the iron mold and model are placed on a mobile trolley 3 by the gripping robot mechanism 2, and then the iron mold and model are transferred to the sand coating molding device for sand coating molding.

[0071] Based on the above description, those skilled in the art are already able to implement it.

[0072] Furthermore, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in this specification may differ in the shape and name of their parts and components. The above description is merely illustrative of the structure of the present invention. All equivalent or simple variations made based on the structure, features, and principles described in this patent concept are included within the protection scope of this patent. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present invention or exceed the scope defined in these claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A heating device for large-sized iron molds and molds of different cavity blocks, comprising a moving trolley (3) that carries the molds and molds after clamping and a moving trolley track (4), wherein the moving trolley (3) is arranged on the moving trolley track (4), characterized in that: It also includes a grabbing type mechanical hand structure (2) and a fixed trolley heating furnace (1), the grabbing type mechanical hand structure (2) moves the iron type and the model from the moving trolley (3) to the heating trolley (11) of the fixed trolley heating furnace (1); the grabbing type mechanical hand structure (2) includes a moving trolley (21), a moving track frame (22), a moving trolley track (23), a lifting dynamic beam (25), two hydraulic cylinders (26), two mechanical grippers (28), four guide rods (27) and a plurality of columns (24), the moving trolley (21) can move back and forth on the moving trolley track (23) on the moving track frame (22), and the moving track frame (22) is fixed on the plurality of columns (24); two synchronous lifting hydraulic cylinders (26) are installed on the moving trolley (21), the piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder (26) is connected with the lifting dynamic beam (25), and the lifting dynamic beam (25) can be lifted along with the lifting of the hydraulic cylinder (26); four guide rods (27) are installed on the upper part of the lifting dynamic beam (25), and two mechanical grippers (28) are fixed on the bottom surface of the lifting dynamic beam (25); the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) includes a heating trolley (11), a trolley moving track (12), a heating furnace body (13) and a lifting type furnace door (14), the heating trolley (11) is arranged on the trolley moving track (12), one side of the heating trolley (11) is provided with the heating furnace body (13), and the heating furnace body (13) is provided with the lifting type furnace door (14) at the heating trolley entrance.

2. The heating device for large size iron moulds and patterns with different cavities in blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mode adopts an external heating furnace to heat the iron type and the model combined together by heat radiation and heat convection.

3. The heating device for large size iron mould and pattern of different cavitie(s) in blocks as claimed in claim 1 wherein: When the moving trolley track (4) carrying the iron type and the model is arranged in parallel with the trolley moving track (12) of the iron type and the model fixed trolley heating furnace (1), the grabbing walking direction and the moving track frame (22) in the grabbing type mechanical hand structure (2) are perpendicular to the above two.

4. The heating device for large size iron mould and pattern of different cavitie(s) in multiple blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving trolley (3) includes a trolley body (31), a positioning and running mechanism (32), an upper pull hook (33), a wheel (34) and a guide wheel (35), the trolley body (31) is provided with the positioning and running mechanism (32), the positioning and running mechanism (32) is installed on the moving trolley workbench, the lower part of the trolley body (31) is provided with a plurality of wheels (34) and guide wheels (35), and the trolley body (31) is further provided with the upper pull hook (33) below.

5. The heating device for multiple different cavity large size iron mold and pattern as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The moving trolley (21) is a steel welded frame structure, and the moving track frame (22) and the lifting dynamic beam (25) are both steel structure welded pieces.

6. The heating device for multiple different cavity large size iron mold and pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning and running mechanism (32) includes four thick positioning pins (321) distributed in a cross shape.

7. The heating device for multiple different cavity large size iron mold and pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a model base (5), the model base (5) is provided with long hole positioning pin holes distributed in a cross shape corresponding to the positioning pins (321) distributed in a cross shape on the moving trolley (3).

8. The heating device for large iron mold and pattern of multi-block different cavity type according to claim 7, characterized in that: The model base (5) is provided with a grabbing structure required by the mechanical gripper (28) in the grabbing type mechanical hand structure (2).

9. The heating device for multiple different cavity large size iron mold and pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also included is a pull-down hook (29), the upper pull hook (33) in the moving trolley (3) is used with the pull-down hook (29) of the work station of the grabbing type mechanical arm mechanism (2).

10. A method for heating a large iron mold and mold with multiple different cavities using the heating device for a large iron mold and mold with multiple different cavities according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by: The specific steps are as follows: The fixed trolley heating furnace (1) is powered to the required temperature of the iron mold and the model, and a plurality of mobile trolleys (3) carrying the iron mold and the model are arranged in sequence on the mobile trolley track (4); the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the grabbing mechanical hand mechanism (2) drives the mechanical grab hand (28) to descend to the lowest position; the first mobile trolley (3) carrying the iron mold and the model automatically enters the grabbing mechanical hand mechanism (2) station and stops, the iron mold and model heating trolley (11) automatically drives out of the heating furnace body (13) to the iron mold and model receiving position and stops, the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the grabbing mechanical hand mechanism (2) rises, driving the mechanical grab hand (28) to rise, when the upper plane of the mechanical grab hand (28) contacts the lower plane of the grabbing structure of the model base (5), the mechanical grab hand (28) continues to rise, driving the iron mold and the model to rise together, the upper pull hook (33) working surface of the mobile trolley (3) completely adheres to the lower pull hook (29) working surface, the mobile trolley (3) is limited on the mobile trolley track (4) and remains stationary, the iron mold and the model gradually rise and leave the plane of the mobile trolley (3), when the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the grabbing mechanical hand mechanism (2) rises to the highest position, the lower plane of the model base (5) will be 100mm higher than the positioning pin (321) height of the mobile trolley (3), and at this time the lower plane height of the model base (5) is higher than the upper plane height of the heating trolley (11) of the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) by more than 100mm; then the mobile trolley (21) in the grabbing mechanical hand mechanism (2) starts to move in the mobile track frame (22), driving the iron mold and the model to leave the grabbing mechanical hand mechanism (2) station to the heating trolley (11) of the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) to receive the iron mold and the model station and stop; the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the grabbing mechanical hand mechanism (2) slowly descends to slowly descend the mechanical grab hand (28), driving the iron mold and the model to descend, after the lower plane of the model base (5) descends to the upper plane of the heating trolley (11), the iron mold and the model completely fall on the heating trolley (11), the mechanical grab hand (28) continues to descend, and the upper plane of the mechanical grab hand (28) is completely separated from the lower plane of the grabbing structure of the model base (5) by 50mm, and the hydraulic cylinder (26) no longer descends; the heating trolley (11) in the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) carrying the iron mold and the model moves to the heating furnace body (13) and completely enters the heating furnace body (13) and stops, and the lifting furnace door (14) descends to close the heating furnace body (13); the iron mold and the model are heated in the fixed trolley heating furnace (1);When the iron type and the model reach the sand-coated molding temperature range, the lifting furnace door (14) is opened, the heating trolley (11) moves out of the heating furnace body (13) and stops at the iron type and model work position, the hydraulic cylinder (26) in the iron type and model grabbing mechanical hand structure (2) rises to drive the mechanical grab hand (28) to rise, the upper plane of the mechanical grab hand (28) contacts the lower plane of the model base (5) after the grabbing structure, the mechanical grab hand (28) continues to rise to the highest position, drives the iron type and the model to rise together, and the iron type and the model completely separate from the plane of the heating trolley (11); then the moving trolley (21) in the iron type and model grabbing mechanical hand structure (2) starts to move in the moving track frame (22), and moves from the fixed trolley heating furnace (1) to the iron type and model grabbing mechanical hand structure (2) work position of the moving trolley (3); the hydraulic cylinder (26) and the mechanical grab hand (28) in the iron type and model grabbing mechanical hand structure (2) start to descend, drive the iron type and the model to descend, the positioning pin (321) on the plane of the moving trolley (3) reinserts into the corresponding long hole positioning hole on the model base (5), when the lower plane of the model base (5) contacts the plane of the moving trolley (3), the iron type and the model completely fall on the moving trolley (3); the hydraulic cylinder (26) and the mechanical grab hand (28) continue to descend, the upper plane of the mechanical grab hand (28) completely separates from the lower plane of the model base (5) grabbing structure; the moving trolley (3) carrying the heated iron type and model automatically completely drives away from the iron type and model grabbing mechanical hand structure (2) work position, completes the heating operation of the iron type and the model; sequentially circulate, complete the heating operation of multiple iron types and models.

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