A method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes using myriophyllum aquaticum

Abstract

The application provides a method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum verticillatum, and belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and the method comprises the following steps: leveling the land, removing weeds and residues, spreading the crushed Myriophyllum verticillatum on the soil surface, mixing the Myriophyllum verticillatum with the soil, and covering the film to ensure spatial sealing after uniform mixing; fumigation is performed for 10-18 days, and the fumigation temperature is controlled at 30-40 degrees; after the fumigation is completed, all air outlets are opened, the film is removed, and air is dispersed; the Myriophyllum verticillatum can effectively reduce the content of ARGs and MGEs in the facility soil, and has the effects of broad-spectrum prevention and treatment, no target, no residual risk, significant yield-increasing effect and the like, and plays an important role in solving the problem of soil heavy cropping, promoting crop growth, improving yield and solving the problem of pesticide residues.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and specifically relates to a method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum verticillatum. BACKGROUND

[0002] Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a kind of biological pollutants with high ecological risk, which can spread and diffuse in different environmental media, causing environmental pollution and human health risks. In 2006, scholars first defined ARGs as a "new pollutant". Due to the serious misuse and abuse of antibiotics in the medical and health, livestock and poultry breeding industries, the types and concentrations of antibiotics entering the environment with medical wastewater and livestock and poultry manure have increased significantly, greatly accelerating the spread and diffusion of ARGs. The soil environment, as the source of ARGs and the final destination of their spread and diffusion, is an important reservoir. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are a kind of DNA elements that can independently replicate and easily move in cells, including plasmids, integrins, transposons, etc. Microorganisms use the mobility and self-replication of MGEs to spread ARGs among microorganisms, even between microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria through horizontal gene transfer between cells, amplifying the potential risks of ARGs in the environment. Microorganisms are the carriers of ARGs and MGEs, and play a key role in the spread of ARGs. Changes in the number of microorganisms in the environment affect the changes in ARGs.

[0003] Soil fumigation is a relatively mature agricultural soil disinfection technology, also known as soil disinfection. This method uses chemical or biological fumigation materials to disinfect and sterilize the soil, and has high broad-spectrum activity against fungi, bacteria, nematodes, insect eggs, weed seeds and other harmful organisms in the soil, and can significantly promote the solution to the problem of soil heavy cropping, improve crop yield and quality. Common soil fumigation technologies include physical fumigation, chemical fumigation and biological fumigation. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum verticillatum.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum verticillatum, the method comprising:

[0006] The land is leveled, and weeds and residues are removed, and watered to a soil moisture of 60-85% WHC;

[0007] The crushed Myriophyllum verticillatum is scattered on the soil surface, and the scattering amount of the Myriophyllum verticillatum is 1.8-2.2 t / acre;

[0008] The Myriophyllum verticillatum is mixed with the soil, and after uniform mixing, film mulching is performed to ensure spatial sealing;

[0009] The fumigation operation is performed for 10-18 days, and the fumigation temperature is controlled at 30-40 degrees;

[0010] After the fumigation is completed, all the air outlets are opened, and the film is removed to release the gas.

[0011] As a further improved scheme: the mixing method adopts rotary tillage of 20-30 cm.

[0012] As a further improved scheme: the scattering amount of the Myriophyllum verticillatum is 2 t / acre.

[0013] As a further improved scheme: the soil humidity is 75% WHC.

[0014] As a further improved scheme: the fumigation operation is performed for 14 days.

[0015] As a further improved scheme: the fumigation temperature is controlled at 35 degrees.

[0016] As a further improved scheme: the fumigation operation is performed in the summer stubble period.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: the Myriophyllum verticillatum can effectively reduce the content of ARGs and MGEs in facility soil, and has the effects of broad-spectrum prevention and control, no target, no residual risk, and significant yield increase, which plays an important role in solving the problem of soil heavy cropping, promoting crop growth, improving yield, and solving the problem of pesticide residues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the MGEs and ARGs abundance change graph of Example One;

[0019] Figure 2 is the MGEs and ARGs abundance change graph of Example Two;

[0020] Figure 3 is the MGEs and ARGs abundance change graph of Example Three; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0022] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein the same or like component have the same or similar designations throughout the attached drawing figures. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are not intended to be limiting of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly indicated herein.

[0023] Biofumigation technology is a soil treatment method that uses organic materials such as straw, cattail, etc. to fumigate. These organic materials decompose to produce volatile organic compounds, and the decomposition of organic materials in the soil generates heat, causing the soil temperature to rise. Higher soil temperatures help to enhance the activity and penetration of volatile compounds, directly inhibiting or killing microorganisms in the soil. Myriophyllum verticillatum is a perennial emergent or submerged aquatic herb belonging to the family Haloragaceae. The plant length can reach 50-80 cm, and it can absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the substrate through roots, and also use nutrients in water through stems and leaves. The removal efficiency of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen in contaminated water body can reach more than 90%, and it is often used as a remediation plant for water quality purification. Given its strong remediation effect in water environment, the present application wants to explore its remediation effect in soil environment.

[0024] Soil fumigation has many advantages, including broad-spectrum control, no target, no residual risk, and significant yield increase. It plays an important role in solving soil heavy cropping problems, promoting crop growth, increasing yield, and solving pesticide residue problems.

[0025] In one embodiment, a method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes using Myriophyllum verticillatum, the method comprising:

[0026] The land is leveled and weeds and residues are removed, and watered to a soil moisture of 60% WHC;

[0027] The crushed Myriophyllum verticillatum is spread on the soil surface, and the Myriophyllum verticillatum is applied at a rate of 1.8 t / acre;

[0028] Mix the Myriophyllum verticillatum with the soil, using a rotary tiller to turn over 20-30 cm, and then cover the film to ensure space airtightness;

[0029] Close all air outlets and fumigate for 10 days, with a fumigation temperature of 30 degrees;

[0030] After fumigation, open all air outlets, remove the film and release the gas. Fumigation is performed during the summer fallow period.

[0031] Soil fumigation refers to leveling the land, removing weeds and residues before fumigation, uniformly applying fumigants to the soil surface under a certain moisture content, and then mixing them into the soil with machines or manually and covering them with film, and disinfecting the soil through the high temperature and toxic gases generated by the fumigants within a certain period of time. The application adjusts the addition ratio of fumigants, soil moisture content, fumigant action time and fumigation temperature, four key parameters, to promote the reduction of soil ARGs and MGEs on the basis of traditional soil fumigation.

[0032] With the help of solar energy, fumigant reaction or decomposition heat formation high temperature environment, using harmful gases and volatile substances generated by fumigant reaction or decomposition, acting on soil and microorganisms, directly inhibiting or killing microorganisms in soil, ARGs carried by dead microorganisms are exposed to the environment, and quickly inactivated in high temperature and complex soil environment, achieving the effect of reducing ARGs and MGEs.

[0033] As Figure 1 , Figure 1 The reduction data comparison is shown in the table. The value of MGEs in the background soil is 0.03, the value of ARGs is 0.14, the value of MGEs after fumigation is 0.02, and the value of ARGs is 0.06. Figure 1 It can be seen from the table that Myosotis palustris fumigation has obvious reduction effect on soil ARGs and MGEs, and the reduction efficiency is 57.8% and 29.12% respectively.

[0034] In one embodiment, a method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myosotis palustris, the method comprising:

[0035] Leveling the land and removing weeds and residues, watering to 85% WHC soil moisture;

[0036] Sprinkle the crushed Myosotis palustris on the soil surface, the Myosotis palustris application amount is 2.2t / acre;

[0037] Mix Myosotis palustris with soil, the mixing method is rotary tillage machine rotary tillage 20-30cm, mix evenly and cover film to ensure space airtightness;

[0038] Close all air outlets, fumigate for 18 days, and control the fumigation temperature at 40 degrees;

[0039] After fumigation, open all air outlets, uncover the film and disperse the gas, and fumigation operation is selected in summer stubble period.

[0040] By means of solar energy, fumigant reaction or decomposition to release heat to form a high-temperature environment, and by means of harmful gases and volatile substances generated by the fumigant reaction or decomposition, the fumigant acts on the soil and microorganisms inside, directly inhibits or kills the microorganisms in the soil, and the ARGs carried by the dead microorganisms are exposed to the environment, rapidly inactivated in the high-temperature and complex soil environment, and the effects of reducing ARGs and MGEs are achieved.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 2 , the background soil has a MGEs value of 0.02 and an ARGs value of 0.10, and after fumigation, the MGEs value is 0.01 and the ARGs value is 0.08. As can be seen from Figure 2 , the Myriophyllum aquaticum fumigation has obvious reduction effects on the soil MGEs and ARGs, with reduction efficiencies of 24.22% and 18.86%, respectively.

[0042] In one embodiment, a method for reducing antibiotic resistance genes in soil by using Myriophyllum aquaticum, the method comprising:

[0043] The land is leveled and weeds and residues are removed, and water is poured to a soil moisture of 75% WHC;

[0044] The crushed Myriophyllum aquaticum is spread on the soil surface, and the spreading amount of the Myriophyllum aquaticum is 2 t / acre;

[0045] The Myriophyllum aquaticum is mixed with the soil, the mixing method is to use a rotary cultivator to turn over 20-30 cm, and after uniform mixing, a film is covered to ensure space sealing;

[0046] All air outlets are closed, fumigation is performed for 14 days, and the fumigation temperature is controlled at 35 degrees;

[0047] After the fumigation is completed, all air outlets are opened, the film is removed and the air is dispersed, and the fumigation operation is selected to be performed in the summer fallow period.

[0048] By means of solar energy, fumigant reaction or decomposition to release heat to form a high-temperature environment, and by means of harmful gases and volatile substances generated by the fumigant reaction or decomposition, the fumigant acts on the soil and microorganisms inside, directly inhibits or kills the microorganisms in the soil, and the ARGs carried by the dead microorganisms are exposed to the environment, rapidly inactivated in the high-temperature and complex soil environment, and the effects of reducing ARGs and MGEs are achieved.

[0049] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 3 , the background soil has a MGEs value of 0.047 and an ARGs value of 0.163, and after fumigation, the MGEs value is 0.016 and the ARGs value is 0.086. As can be seen from Figure 3It can be seen that Myriophyllum aquaticum fumigation has obvious reduction effect on soil MGEs and ARGs, and the reduction efficiency is 66.04% and 47.34%, respectively.

[0050] It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, and that the application can be implemented in other particular forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The embodiments should therefore be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein and no single feature or combination of features should be deemed indicative of the scope of the claims.

[0051] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of exemplary embodiments, not every implementation according to the specification contains all features that are described in the specification, and not every implementation according to the specification contains implementations that are identical in every detail to the ones described in the specification. The specification and its teachings enable others skilled in the art to utilize the application in its broadest form. The application, therefore, is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but only by the claims that follow.

Claims

1. A method for reducing antibiotic resistance genes in soil using Myriophyllum aquaticum, characterized by The method comprises: The land is leveled, and weeds and residues are removed, and watered to a soil moisture of 60-85% WHC; The crushed Myriophyllum aquaticum is spread on the soil surface, and the spreading amount of the Myriophyllum aquaticum is 1.8-2.2 t / mu; The Myriophyllum aquaticum is mixed with the soil, and after uniform mixing, film mulching is performed to ensure spatial sealing; Fumigation is performed for 10-18 days, the fumigation temperature is controlled at 30-40 degrees, and the fumigation operation is selected to be performed in the summer stubble period; After the fumigation is completed, all air outlets are opened, and the film is removed to release the gas.

2. The method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum aquaticum according to claim 1, characterized in that The mixing method adopts rotary tiller rotary turning 20-30 cm.

3. The method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum aquaticum according to claim 1, characterized in that The spreading amount of the Myriophyllum aquaticum is 2 t / mu.

4. The method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum aquaticum according to claim 1, characterized in that The soil moisture is 75% WHC.

5. The method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum aquaticum according to claim 1, characterized in that The fumigation operation is performed for 14 days.

6. The method for reducing soil antibiotic resistance genes by using Myriophyllum aquaticum according to claim 1, characterized in that The fumigation temperature is controlled at 35 degrees.

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