Smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjustment function and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjusting function and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fabric materials, and comprises a base fabric, photonic nano pigments loaded on the base fabric, the photonic nano pigments being hollow silica nanospheres with disordered super surfaces and inner wall carbon layers, and the photonic nano pigments being capable of generating non-iridescent structural color without assembly, a phase change material loaded on the base fabric, the phase change material being lauric acid, and the phase change material being capable of absorbing or releasing latent heat through solid-liquid phase change to realize temperature adjustment, and the molten lauric acid after phase change being adsorbed on the surface of the hollow silica nanospheres and forming hydrogen bond cross-linking with oxygen anions on the surface of the hollow silica, and the water-based acrylic resin being used as an adhesive to fix the photonic nano pigments and the phase change material and form hydrogen bond cross-linking with the molten lauric acid to prevent the phase change material from leaking. The intelligent fabric of the application can present non-iridescent structural color without assembly and can adjust temperature by absorbing and releasing heat energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fabric materials, and particularly to an intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The structural coloration and phase change temperature regulation of fabrics are innovative development trends in the textile field. However, the inevitable assembly process of structural color and the leakage problem of phase change materials make it extremely difficult to achieve this goal. Structural color is a color derived from the physical interaction between light and micro / nano structures. The generation mechanism of structural color endows it with advantages such as chemical stability, light stability and environmental friendliness, making it have the potential to replace organic dyes and pigments in fabric dyeing. At present, structural color is mainly produced by photonic crystals formed by ordered micro / nano structures and amorphous photonic structures formed by micro / nano structures with short-range order and long-range disorder. In recent years, many studies have reported the application of photonic crystals and amorphous photonic structures in fabric dyeing. For example, silica, polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate colloidal photonic crystals are deposited on the surface of fabrics by vertical self-assembly, and amorphous photonic structures are assembled on fabrics by spraying a dispersion liquid of cuprous oxide, titanium dioxide and polysulfide colloids. In general, whether photonic crystals or amorphous photonic structures are formed on the surface of fabrics, the assembly of colloids is required. However, these assembly processes are relatively delicate and time-consuming. In addition, the delicate structures formed during the assembly process are easily damaged by external forces, which may cause the color to fade or even disappear. Therefore, it is very necessary to obtain structural color on fabrics without assembly, similar to the appearance of absorptive dyes.

[0003] In addition to color, the functionality of fabrics is another important trend in fabric development. In particular, the temperature regulating function of fabrics has become an international research hotspot. As temperature regulating materials, phase change materials (PCMs) are widely used in the preparation of temperature regulating fabrics due to their ability to absorb or release latent heat at a specific temperature, thereby reducing the fluctuation of external environmental temperature. The phase change fibers used to make phase change fabrics are usually prepared by blending phase change materials with polymers and then spinning, or by using a core-shell structure to impregnate phase change materials into the pores of hollow fibers. However, the prepared phase change fibers have certain limitations, including the easy leakage of phase change materials and the insufficient mechanical strength of the fibers. The method of loading phase change materials and phase change microcapsules onto fabrics through post-finishing process is relatively simple and direct. However, due to the limited loading capacity, such temperature regulating fabrics usually have a low phase change enthalpy.

[0004] The combination of color and temperature regulation function is a prerequisite for temperature regulating fabric to realize wearable application. It is found in current research that color phase change fabric can be prepared by assembling polysulfide microspheres to form amorphous photonic structure on the cotton fabric modified by waterborne polyurethane phase change material, and then spraying waterborne polyurethane phase change material to further fix the amorphous photonic structure. Although this method realizes the combination of structural color and phase change temperature regulation function, the preparation process includes a complex and time-consuming interfacial assembly process in an oven. And considering the flexibility and air permeability of the fabric, the amount of waterborne polyurethane phase change material used as an adhesive is very small, resulting in very low phase change enthalpy of the fabric. Therefore, it is a problem to be solved to develop color phase change fabric with structural color and high phase change enthalpy by a simple and scalable preparation method. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulation function and a preparation method thereof, and to solve the problems of complex assembly of traditional structural color and leakage of phase change material.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulation function, comprising:

[0007] a base fabric;

[0008] photonic nanometer pigments loaded on the base fabric, the photonic nanometer pigments being hollow silica (H-SiO2) nanospheres with disordered super surface and inner wall carbon layer, the photonic nanometer pigments being capable of producing non-iridescent structural color without assembly;

[0009] a phase change material loaded on the base fabric, the phase change material being lauric acid (LA) which absorbs or releases latent heat through solid-liquid phase change to realize temperature regulation; the molten LA after phase change is adsorbed on the surface of H-SiO2 nanospheres and forms hydrogen bond crosslinking with oxygen anions on the surface of H-SiO2 nanospheres;

[0010] waterborne acrylic resin (WA) as an adhesive, fixing the photonic nanometer pigments and the phase change material, and forming hydrogen bond crosslinking with the molten LA to prevent leakage of the phase change material.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulation function, the Zeta potential of the photonic nanometer pigments after water etching modification is-30 to-40 mV, and the polydispersity index (PDI) is ≤0.1.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function, the optimal mass percentage of the LA in the fabric is 23.2wt%, and the optimal mass percentage of the H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigment in the fabric is 15.5wt%.

[0013] A preparation method of a smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Synthesizing H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigment:

[0015] a. Synthesizing polystyrene seeds by soap-free emulsion polymerization method;

[0016] b. Coating a silica layer on the surface of the polystyrene seeds by Stober method to obtain PS@SiO2 nanospheres;

[0017] c. Alkali etching the PS@SiO2 nanospheres and removing residual polystyrene by high-temperature calcination to obtain H-SiO2 nanospheres;

[0018] d. Water etching modification of the H-SiO2 nanospheres, and obtaining H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigment by centrifugation;

[0019] (2) Preparing structural color temperature regulating fabric:

[0020] a. Immersing the base fabric in a WA solution with a concentration of 80wt% to form a pretreatment layer;

[0021] b. Immersing the fabric treated in step (2a) in an H-SiO2@LA solution, wherein the H-SiO2@LA solution is prepared by mixing the H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigment and LA and then adding them into anhydrous ethanol;

[0022] c. Secondarily immersing the fabric treated in step (2b) in a WA solution with a concentration of 3wt%, and drying to obtain the smart fabric.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned preparation method of the smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function, the specific process of step (1a) is as follows: dissolving 3.75 grams of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.65 grams of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropylamidine) dihydrochloride in 250 milliliters of deionized water, ultrasonic dispersion, and then stirring; adding 25 grams of styrene, and stirring the mixture at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain polystyrene seeds.

[0024] Preferably, in the preparation method of the smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function, the specific process of step (1b) is as follows: uniformly disperse polystyrene seeds in a mixed solvent composed of 350 milliliters of anhydrous ethanol and 20 milliliters of deionized water by ultrasonic stirring to form a suspension; add 20 milliliters of ammonia water to the uniform suspension, and then add 20 milliliters of tetraethyl orthosilicate; stir the mixture at room temperature for 8 hours to obtain PS@SiO2 nanospheres.

[0025] Preferably, in the preparation method of the smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function, the specific process of step (1c) is as follows: re-disperse the obtained PS@SiO2 nanospheres in 50 milliliters of deionized water, add 5 milliliters of 0.01 gram / milliliter sodium hydroxide solution, stir the mixture at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain etched PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres, centrifuge and wash, and dry; calcine the dried PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres in a muffle furnace at 500°C for 4 hours to obtain H-SiO2 nanospheres.

[0026] Preferably, in the preparation method of the smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function, the specific process of step (1d) is as follows: disperse 1 gram of H-SiO2 nanospheres in 45 milliliters of deionized water, and adjust the pH value of the mixture to 12 using ammonia water; after stirring at 95°C for 10 hours, obtain H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments by centrifugation.

[0027] Preferably, in the preparation method of the smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function, the base fabric is a cotton fabric, a polyester fabric, or a blended fabric.

[0028] Therefore, the application adopts the above-mentioned structure of the intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjusting function and a preparation method thereof, and successfully develops the non-iridescent structural color temperature adjusting fabric (SCTFs) by loading the photonic nano pigment and the phase change material in one step. The H-SiO2 photonic nano pigment with disordered super surface and inner wall carbon layer is used as a coloring component, and can present non-iridescent structural color without assembly. After mixing with the H-SiO2 nanoballs, the LA with solid-liquid phase change performance can adjust the temperature by absorbing and releasing heat energy. Meanwhile, the molten LA after phase change can also be adsorbed on the surface of the H-SiO2 nanoball and form hydrogen bond crosslinking with the oxygen anions on the surface of the H-SiO2 nanoball. In addition, the high-viscosity adhesive WA is introduced to fix the H-SiO2 photonic nano pigment and form hydrogen bond with the molten LA, so as to more effectively prevent the leakage of the LA. The prepared structural color temperature adjusting fabric presents stable non-iridescent structural color in the temperature range of 20℃ to 100℃, and does not decompose, showing excellent thermal stability. The enthalpy of fusion and crystallization of the structural color temperature adjusting fabric is as high as 38.94 joule per gram and 40.51 joule per gram, respectively. After 100 times of thermal cycle, the phase change enthalpy of the fabric remains relatively stable, showing excellent thermal cycle stability. In addition, the structural color temperature adjusting fabric shows excellent durability under various conditions, including folding, curling, ultrasonic treatment, washing and exposure in acidic or alkaline environment. The structural color temperature adjusting fabric not only has non-iridescent structural color and high phase change enthalpy, but also shows significant advantages in durability, thermal stability and phase change temperature adjusting performance.

[0029] The technical solutions of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Digital photos of green SCTFs with different LA contents of the application example at 30℃ and 80℃;

[0031] Figure 2 Digital photos of green SCTFs with different H-SiO2 photonic nano pigment contents of the application example;

[0032] Figure 3 Reflection spectrum graphs of green SCTFs with different H-SiO2 photonic nano pigment contents of the application example;

[0033] Figure 4 Reflection spectrum graphs of the color of SCTF-4 of the application example at different observation angles;

[0034] Figure 5 Reflection wavelength graphs of four different colors of SCTF-4 of the application example at different observation angles.

[0035] Figure 6 Reflectance spectra of SCTF at different temperatures for the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 Reflectance spectra of SCTF for temperature cycling test for the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 8 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of SCTF with different LA contents for the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 9 Melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy images of SCTF with different LA contents for the embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 10 Phase transition temperature and phase transition enthalpy curves with temperature changes for the embodiments of the present application during thermal cycling test;

[0040] Figure 11 Heating thermal response images of SCTF-4 and cotton fabric at different time intervals for the embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 12 Temperature-time curve of melting of SCTF-4 for the embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Figure 13 Cooling thermal response images of SCTF-4 and cotton fabric at different time intervals for the embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Figure 14 Temperature-time curve of crystallization of lauric acid for the embodiments of the present application;

[0044] Figure 15 Before and after comparison images of SCTF-4 capable of withstanding folding, curling, washing, ultrasonic treatment, and acid and alkali soaking treatment for the embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 16 Spectra of SCTF-4 before and after being capable of withstanding folding, curling, washing, ultrasonic treatment, and acid and alkali soaking treatment for the embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 17 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of SCTF-4 before and after being subjected to folding, curling, washing, ultrasonic treatment, and acid and alkali soaking treatment for the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings of the specification and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0048] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. "Multiple" generally includes at least two.

[0049] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the goods or devices including a series of elements not only include those elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or include elements inherent to such goods or devices. Without more limitation, the element defined by the sentence "including a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the goods or devices including the element.

[0050] The present application provides a smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjustment function, comprising:

[0051] A base fabric;

[0052] Photonic nanometer pigments loaded on the base fabric, the photonic nanometer pigments being H-SiO2 nanospheres with disordered super surface and inner wall carbon layer, the photonic nanometer pigments being capable of producing non-iridescent structural color without assembly;

[0053] A phase change material loaded on the base fabric, the phase change material being LA, which absorbs or releases latent heat through solid-liquid phase change to achieve temperature adjustment; the molten LA after phase change is adsorbed on the surface of the H-SiO2 nanospheres and forms hydrogen bond crosslinking with the oxygen anions on the surface of the H-SiO2 nanospheres;

[0054] WA as an adhesive, fixing the photonic nanometer pigments and the phase change material, and forming hydrogen bond crosslinking with the molten LA, preventing the phase change material from leaking.

[0055] To further optimize the above technical solutions, the Zeta potential of the H-SiO2 nanospheres after modification by water etching is-30 to-40 mV, and the polydispersity index (PDI) is ≤0.1.

[0056] To further optimize the above technical solution, the optimal mass percentage of LA in the fabric is 23.2wt%, and the optimal mass percentage of the H-SiO2 photonic nanosphere in the fabric is 15.5wt%.

[0057] A preparation method of an intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjustment function is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0058] (1) Synthesizing H-SiO2 photonic nanospheres:

[0059] a. Synthesizing polystyrene seeds by a soap-free emulsion polymerization method;

[0060] b. Coating a silica layer on the surface of the polystyrene seeds by a Stober method to obtain PS@SiO2 nanospheres;

[0061] c. Performing alkali etching on the PS@SiO2 nanospheres, and removing residual polystyrene by high-temperature calcination to obtain H-SiO2 nanospheres;

[0062] d. Performing water etching modification on the H-SiO2 nanospheres, and obtaining H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments by centrifugation;

[0063] (2) Preparing a structural color temperature adjustment fabric:

[0064] a. Immersing a base fabric in an aqueous acrylic resin solution with a concentration of 80wt% to form a pretreatment layer;

[0065] b. Immersing the fabric treated in step (2a) in an H-SiO2@lauric acid solution, wherein the H-SiO2@lauric acid solution is prepared by mixing the H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments and lauric acid, and then adding them into anhydrous ethanol;

[0066] c. Secondarily immersing the fabric treated in step (2b) in an aqueous acrylic resin solution with a concentration of 3wt%, and drying to obtain the intelligent fabric.

[0067] To further optimize the above technical solution, the specific process of step (1a) is as follows: dissolving 3.75 grams of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.65 grams of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropylamidine) dihydrochloride in 250 milliliters of deionized water, ultrasonic dispersion, and then stirring; adding 25 grams of styrene, and stirring the mixture at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain polystyrene seeds.

[0068] For further optimization of the above technical solution, the specific process of step (1b) is as follows: the polystyrene seeds are uniformly dispersed in a mixed solvent composed of 350 milliliters of anhydrous ethanol and 20 milliliters of deionized water by ultrasonic stirring to form a suspension; 20 milliliters of ammonia water is added to the uniform suspension, followed by the addition of 20 milliliters of tetraethyl orthosilicate; the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 8 hours to obtain PS@SiO2 nanospheres;

[0069] For further optimization of the above technical solution, the specific process of step (1c) is as follows: the obtained PS@SiO2 nanospheres are redispersed in 50 milliliters of deionized water, 5 milliliters of 0.01 gram / milliliter sodium hydroxide solution is added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain etched PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres, which are centrifuged, washed and dried, and the dried PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres are calcined in a muffle furnace at 500 DEG C for 4 hours to obtain H-SiO2 nanospheres.

[0070] For further optimization of the above technical solution, the specific process of step (1d) is as follows: 1 gram of H-SiO2 photonic nanospheres is dispersed in 45 milliliters of deionized water, and the pH value of the mixture is adjusted to 12 using ammonia water; after stirring at 95 DEG C for 10 hours, H-SiO2 nanometer pigments are obtained by centrifugation.

[0071] For further optimization of the above technical solution, the base fabric is a cotton fabric, a polyester fabric or a blended fabric.

[0072] In order to more clearly and in detail introduce the intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjusting function and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present application, specific embodiments will be described below.

[0073] Embodiment 1

[0074] The 3.75 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.65 g of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride were dissolved in 250 ml of deionized water, and after ultrasonic dispersion, stirring was carried out; 25 g of styrene was added, and the mixture was stirred at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain a polystyrene seed. The polystyrene seed was uniformly dispersed in a mixed solvent composed of 350 ml of anhydrous ethanol and 20 ml of deionized water by ultrasonic stirring to form a suspension; 20 ml of ammonia water was added to the uniform suspension, followed by the addition of 20 ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate; the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hours to obtain PS@SiO2 nanospheres; the obtained PS@SiO2 nanospheres were redispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, 5 ml of 0.01 g / ml sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain etched PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres, which were centrifuged, washed, and dried, and the dried PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres were calcined in a muffle furnace at 500°C for 4 hours to obtain H-SiO2 nanospheres. 1 g of H-SiO2 nanospheres was dispersed in 45 ml of deionized water, and the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to 12 using ammonia water; after stirring at 95°C for 10 hours, H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments were obtained by centrifugation.

[0075] The base fabric was immersed in a WA solution with a concentration of 80 wt% to form a pretreatment layer; different amounts of LA and 4 g of H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments were mixed to obtain mixtures with LA mass fractions of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 65%, which were then added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain H-SiO2@LA solutions, and the treated fabric was immersed in the H-SiO2@LA solution; finally, the treated fabric was immersed in a WA solution with a concentration of 3 wt% for a second time, and after the final drying step, a series of structural color thermoregulating fabrics (SCTFs) with different LA contents were prepared. The content of LA in the structural color thermoregulating fabrics was calculated to be 7.9 wt%, 12.2 wt%, 17.0 wt%, 23.2 wt%, and 26.5 wt%, respectively, and these fabrics were labeled as SCTF-1, SCTF-2, SCTF-3, SCTF-4, and SCTF-5, respectively, as shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1 Accurate data of LA content in SCTFs

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] In the table: W1 is the mass of the WA-modified cotton fabric;

[0080] W2 is the mass of the H-SiO2@LA-modified cotton fabric;

[0081] W3 is the mass of the SCTF;

[0082] ω1 is the mass fraction of LA in the H-SiO2@LA mixture;

[0083] ω2 is the mass fraction of LA in the SCTF.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] Dissolve 3.75 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.65 g of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride in 250 mL of deionized water, and stir after ultrasonic dispersion; add 25 g of styrene, and stir the mixture at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain a polystyrene seed. Disperse the polystyrene seed uniformly in a mixed solvent composed of 350 mL of anhydrous ethanol and 20 mL of deionized water by ultrasonic stirring to form a suspension; add 20 mL of ammonia water to the uniform suspension, followed by the addition of 20 mL of tetraethyl orthosilicate; stir the mixture at room temperature for 8 hours to obtain PS@SiO2 nanospheres; re-disperse the obtained PS@SiO2 nanospheres in 50 mL of deionized water, add 5 mL of a 0.01 g / mL sodium hydroxide solution, and stir the mixture at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain etched PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres, which are centrifuged, washed, and dried; and calcine the dried PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres in a muffle furnace at 500°C for 4 hours to obtain H-SiO2 nanospheres. Disperse 1 g of the H-SiO2 nanospheres in 45 mL of deionized water, and adjust the pH of the mixture to 12 using ammonia water; after stirring at 95°C for 10 hours, obtain H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments by centrifugation.

[0086] Immerse the base fabric in a WA solution with a concentration of 80 wt% to form a pretreatment layer; mix different amounts of H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments with 4 g of LA to obtain mixtures with H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigment mass fractions of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively; add the mixtures to anhydrous ethanol after mixing to obtain H-SiO2@LA solutions; immerse the treated fabric in the H-SiO2@LA solutions; and finally immerse the treated fabric in a WA solution with a concentration of 3 wt% for a second time, and prepare a series of structural color temperature fabrics (SCTFs) with different H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigment contents after the final step of drying. The contents of the H-SiO2 photonic nanometer pigments in the structural color temperature fabrics are calculated to be 3.8 wt%, 7.2 wt%, 11.3 wt%, 15.5 wt%, and 20.3 wt%, respectively. These fabrics are marked as SCTF-6, SCTF-7, SCTF-8, SCTF-9, and SCTF-10, respectively, as shown in Table 2.

[0087] Table 2. Accurate data on the content of HS iO2 photonic nanopigments in SCTFs.

[0088] [W1(g)] [W2(g)] [W3(g)] [CDATA[ω1 (wt %)] [CDATA[ω2 (wt %)] SCTF-1 0.13 0.21 0.22 10 3.8 SCTF-2 0.14 0.22 0.23 20 7.2 SCTF-3 0.14 0.23 0.24 30 11.3 SCTF-4 0.14 0.24 0.25 40 15.5 SCTF-5 0.14 0.25 0.26 50 20.3

[0089] In the table: W1 represents the mass of WA-modified cotton fabric;

[0090] W2 represents the quality of HS iO2@LA-modified cotton fabric;

[0091] W3 represents the mass of SCTF;

[0092] ω1 represents the mass fraction of HS iO2 photonic nano-pigment in the HS iO2@LA mixture;

[0093] ω2 represents the mass fraction of H-SiO2 photonic nanopigment in SCTF.

[0094] To evaluate the effect of LA content in the fabric on the fabric's shape stability, a setting test was conducted as the temperature increased from 30°C to 80°C. Figure 1 As shown, no leakage occurred in the fabric when the LA content increased from 7.9 wt% to 23.2 wt% (corresponding to SCTF-1 to SCTF-4). However, leakage occurred during heating when the LA content reached 26.5 wt% (corresponding to SCTF-5). The optimal LA content in the fabric was 23.2 wt% to obtain a fabric with high phase transition enthalpy and good shape stability. Furthermore, fabrics containing different contents of HSiO2 photonic nano-pigments were prepared, such as... Figure 2 As shown, as the H-SiO2 photonic nano-pigment content increased from 3.8 wt% to 15.5 wt%, the fabric color gradually became more uniform and vibrant. However, when the H-SiO2 photonic nano-pigment content continued to increase to 20.3 wt%, the fabric color did not change significantly. The reflection peak height of the fabric increased with the increase of the H-SiO2 photonic nano-pigment content. When the H-SiO2 photonic nano-pigment content increased to 15.5 wt%, the reflection peak height of the fabric hardly changed anymore, as shown. Figure 3 As shown, the composition of the fabric containing 15.5 wt% HS iO2 photonic nanopigment is exactly the same as that of the fabric containing 23.2 wt% LA. Therefore, in order to obtain a fabric with both aesthetically pleasing structural color and excellent shape stability, the optimal contents of LA and HS iO2 photonic nanopigment in the fabric were determined to be 23.2 wt% and 15.5 wt% (corresponding to SCTF-4), respectively.

[0095] The structural color of SCTF-4 originates from HS iO2 photonic nanopigments with disordered metasurfaces and inner carbon layers, which impart a non-iridic hue to the fabric. The color of SCTF-4 remains consistent across different viewing angles, demonstrating its non-iridic properties. The reflectance spectrum shows almost no change when the detection angle changes, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the maximum reflected wavelength remains constant as the detection angle changes, as... Figure 5 As shown, this further proves its non-iridescent properties.

[0096] The structural colors of SCTF-4 are not only non-iridic but also thermally stable. The structural colors of SCTF-4 remain consistent at temperatures ranging from 20°C, 40°C, 60°C, 80°C, and even 100°C. At different temperatures, the corresponding SCTF spectra exhibit high consistency, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the thermal stability of the structural color is mainly attributed to two factors. First, the structural color of SCTF-4 originates from the thermally stable HSiO2 photonic nanopigment. Second, when the temperature rises from 20°C to 100°C, the uniformly distributed crystalline LA in the fabric transforms into a molten state. The molten LA adsorbs onto the surface of the HSiO2 photonic nanopigment and forms hydrogen bonds with the oxygen anions on the surface of the H-SiO2 photonic nanopigment. Simultaneously, WA acts as a crosslinking agent, forming hydrogen bonds with the molten LA. Therefore, the LA remains within the structure and does not leak or wet the fabric. This characteristic endows SCTF with excellent color thermal stability, enabling it to maintain vibrant colors in various application scenarios.

[0097] To evaluate the color stability of SCTF, further thermal cycling tests were conducted. The fabric was exposed to a high-temperature environment of 100°C for 1 minute, and then naturally cooled to 20°C. This cycle was repeated a total of 100 times. The reflectance spectrum of the fabric was recorded every 20 cycles, such as... Figure 7 As shown, after 100 heat-cooling cycles, the position and intensity of the fabric's reflectance spectrum did not change significantly. SCTF demonstrated its ability to maintain color stability under high temperature and thermal cycling conditions, exhibiting excellent adaptability and reliability in various thermal environments.

[0098] The phase change component LA exhibits shape stability. This is because WA, acting as a crosslinking agent, can form hydrogen bonds with molten LA. Furthermore, molten LA can adsorb onto the surface of the HS iO2 photonic nanoparticles and form hydrogen bond crosslinks with the oxygen anions on the HS iO2 photonic nanoparticle surface. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of SCTFs with different LA contents are shown below. Figure 8As shown, the melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy of the LA are shown in FIG. 9. It is clear that the phase transition enthalpy and temperature increase with the increase of LA content. Due to the high melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy of LA, the melting enthalpy (AHm) and crystallization enthalpy (AHc) of SCTF-4 are as high as 38.94 Joule per gram and 40.51 Joule per gram, respectively, which endows the fabric with good temperature regulating performance.

[0099] To evaluate the thermal cycling stability of SCTF, a series of thermal cycling tests were conducted. After 100 thermal cycles, the phase transition behavior of SCTF-4 did not change significantly. The phase transition temperature and enthalpy remained at the initial level without any significant attenuation, as shown in FIG. 10. Figure 10 As shown, this indicates that SCTF-4 has excellent thermal cycling stability.

[0100] SCTF-4 achieves its temperature regulating ability through the phase transition of LA. LA undergoes an endothermic melting process to alleviate the impact of high temperature, and an exothermic crystallization process to offset the discomfort caused by sudden temperature drop. Untreated cotton fabric was chosen as the control sample. In the heating stage, both SCTF-4 and cotton fabric were first pretreated at 15°C for 10 minutes, and then placed on a hot plate at 65°C. Thermal response images were taken at different time intervals. As shown in FIG. 11, Figure 11 As shown, during the heating process, SCTF-4 changes from blue to red significantly slower than cotton fabric. This lag phenomenon is attributed to the endothermic melting of LA. Figure 12 The temperature-time curve in FIG. 12 clearly shows that SCTF-4 has a clear phase transition plateau. On the contrary, in the cooling stage, the fabric was first preheated at 65°C for 10 minutes, and then quickly transferred to an environment at 15°C. Thermal response images were taken during the cooling process. As shown in FIG. 13, Figure 13 Due to the exothermic crystallization of LA, the color change of SCTF-4 lags behind that of cotton fabric. Figure 14 shows a significant phase transition plateau, indicating that heat is released during the crystallization process. SCTF-4 has a clear temperature lag area during both heating and cooling, which confirms that SCTF-4 can produce effective heating or cooling effects in response to environmental changes. This intelligent thermal response helps to maintain a relatively stable temperature for the object when the environmental temperature changes, which reflects the potential of SCTF-4 as a temperature regulating fabric.

[0101] In daily application scenarios, the durability of fabric is the core standard to measure its actual value. For structural color temperature regulating fabric, it is crucial to maintain the stability of its structural color and the effectiveness of its temperature regulating function. H-SiO2 photonic nanocolorants contact each other and the fabric through point contact. By consolidating a layer of low concentration of WA on the H-SiO2 photonic nanocolorants, the structural stability of the structural color temperature regulating fabric is further enhanced. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14,Figure 15 As shown in FIG. 9, SCTF-4 can withstand folding and crumpling while maintaining its original color and flexibility. The structural color of the fabric remained essentially unchanged after 30 minutes of water washing and 5 minutes of ultrasonic testing. Corresponding to the photos in FIG. 10, the intensity of the maximum reflection wavelength of SCTF-4 only slightly decreased after testing, as shown in FIG. 11. Figure 15 Figure 16 In addition to being able to withstand folding, crumpling, ultrasonic treatment, and daily washing, SCTF-4 can also tolerate complex chemical environments. After being immersed in a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 2 and an ammonia solution with a pH of 12 for 24 hours, SCTF-4 still did not change color, demonstrating excellent chemical stability. The phase transition enthalpy of SCTF-4 before and after folding, crumpling, washing, ultrasonic treatment, and acid and base soaking was evaluated. As shown in FIG. 12, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of SCTF-4 before and after these treatments did not change significantly. This result indicates that the phase transition enthalpy of SCTF-4 remains stable under various conditions. This excellent thermal stability provides a strong guarantee for the reliability of the temperature regulating performance of SCTF-4 in practical applications. Figure 17 When the structural color temperature regulating fabric was placed between hot water and a dry glass slide, water vapor immediately passed through the structural color temperature regulating fabric and then condensed on the glass slide. This simple method strongly demonstrates that the structural color temperature regulating fabric has excellent air permeability.

[0102] ​Therefore, the application adopts the above-mentioned structure of the intelligent fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjusting function and a preparation method thereof, and through one-step loading of photonic nano pigment and phase change material, a non-iridescent structural color temperature adjusting fabric (SCTFs) is successfully developed. The H-SiO2 photonic nano pigment with disordered super surface and inner wall carbon layer is used as a color forming component, and can present non-iridescent structural color without assembly. After mixing with H-SiO2 nanospheres, LA with solid-liquid phase change performance can adjust temperature by absorbing and releasing heat energy. At the same time, the molten LA after phase change can also be adsorbed on the surface of H-SiO2 nanospheres and form hydrogen bond crosslinking with oxygen anions on the surface of H-SiO2 nanospheres. In addition, a high-viscosity adhesive WA is introduced to fix the H-SiO2 photonic nano pigment and form hydrogen bonds with the molten LA, thereby more effectively preventing LA leakage. The prepared structural color temperature adjusting fabric presents stable non-iridescent structural color in the temperature range of 20-100 DEG C, and does not decompose, showing excellent thermal stability. The structural color temperature adjusting fabric has a melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy as high as 38.94 joule per gram and 40.51 joule per gram, respectively. After 100 thermal cycles, the phase change enthalpy of the fabric remains relatively stable, showing excellent thermal cycle stability. In addition, the structural color temperature adjusting fabric shows excellent durability under various conditions, including folding, curling, ultrasonic treatment, washing, and exposure to acidic or alkaline environments. This structural color temperature adjusting fabric not only has non-iridescent structural color and high phase change enthalpy, but also shows significant advantages in durability, thermal stability and phase change temperature adjusting performance.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify or equivalent replace the technical solutions of the present application, and these modifications or equivalent replacements also cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature adjustment function, characterized in that, Comprise: a base fabric; photonic nanometer pigments loaded on the base fabric, the photonic nanometer pigments being hollow silica nanometer spheres with disordered super surface and inner wall carbon layer, the photonic nanometer pigments being able to produce non-iridescent structural color without assembly; phase change materials loaded on the base fabric, the phase change materials being lauric acid, which absorbs or releases latent heat through solid-liquid phase change to achieve temperature regulation; the molten lauric acid after phase change is adsorbed on the surface of the hollow silica nanometer spheres and forms hydrogen bond crosslinking with oxygen anions on the surface of the hollow silica nanometer spheres; aqueous acrylic resin as an adhesive, which fixes the photonic nanometer pigments and the phase change materials and forms hydrogen bond crosslinking with the molten lauric acid to prevent the phase change materials from leaking. 2.The smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function according to claim 1, characterized in that The Zeta potential of the photonic nanometer pigments after water etching modification is-30 to-40 mV, and the polydispersity index (PDI) is ≤0.

1. 3.The smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function according to claim 2, wherein, The mass percentage of the lauric acid in the fabric is 23.2 wt%, and the mass percentage of the photonic nanometer pigments in the fabric is 15.5 wt%.

4. A method for preparing the smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature regulating function according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Comprise the following steps: (1) Synthesis of photonic nanometer pigments: a. Synthesis of polystyrene seeds by soap-free emulsion polymerization method; b. Coating a silica layer on the surface of the polystyrene seeds by Stober method to obtain PS@SiO2 nanometer spheres; c. Alkali etching of the PS@SiO2 nanometer spheres and removal of residual polystyrene by high temperature calcination to obtain hollow silica nanometer spheres; d. Water etching modification of the hollow silica nanometer spheres to obtain hollow silica photonic nanometer pigments by centrifugation; (2) Preparation of structural color temperature regulating fabric: a. Immersing the base fabric in an aqueous acrylic resin solution with a concentration of 80 wt% to form a pretreatment layer; b. Immersing the fabric treated in step a in a hollow silica photonic nanometer pigment@lauric acid solution, the preparation method of the hollow silica photonic nanometer pigment@lauric acid solution being mixing the hollow silica photonic nanometer pigments and lauric acid and then adding them into anhydrous ethanol; c. Secondarily immersing the fabric treated in step b in an aqueous acrylic resin solution with a concentration of 3 wt%, and drying to obtain the intelligent fabric.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the non-iridescent structural color and the temperature adjustment function are provided by the following steps: The specific process of synthesizing polystyrene seeds in step (1) is as follows: dissolving 3.75 grams of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.65 grams of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride in 250 milliliters of deionized water, ultrasonic dispersion, and then stirring; adding 25 grams of styrene, and stirring the mixture at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain polystyrene seeds. ​ 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the non-iridescent structural color and the temperature adjustment function are provided by the following steps: The specific process of preparing PS@SiO2 nanometer spheres in step (1) is as follows: uniformly dispersing the polystyrene seeds in a mixed solvent composed of 350 milliliters of anhydrous ethanol and 20 milliliters of deionized water by ultrasonic stirring to form a suspension; adding 20 milliliters of ammonia water to the uniform suspension, and then adding 20 milliliters of tetraethyl orthosilicate; stirring the mixture at room temperature for 8 hours to obtain PS@SiO2 nanometer spheres. ​ 7. The method for preparing a smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature-regulating function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process of preparing the hollow silica nanospheres in the step (1) is as follows: the obtained PS@SiO2 nanospheres are redispersed in 50 ml of deionized water, 5 ml of a 0.01 g / ml sodium hydroxide solution is added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain etched PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres, centrifugal washing and drying are performed, and the dried PS@e-SiO2 nanospheres are calcined in a muffle furnace at 500 DEG C for 4 hours to obtain the hollow silica nanospheres.

8. The method for preparing a smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature-regulating function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific process of preparing the hollow silica photonic nanometer pigments in the step (1) is as follows: 1 g of the hollow silica nanospheres is dispersed in 45 ml of deionized water, and the pH value of the mixture is adjusted to 12 by using ammonia water; after stirring at 95 DEG C for 10 hours, the hollow silica photonic nanometer pigments are obtained by centrifugation.

9. The method for preparing a smart fabric with non-iridescent structural color and temperature-regulating function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base fabric is a cotton fabric, a polyester fabric or a blended fabric.

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