Ecological protection structure for reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt and application method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological protection structure for a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt and an application method.The ecological protection structure comprises a water storage pond, a photovoltaic panel and a vegetation groove which are sequentially arranged on a slope surface from top to bottom, the water inlet end of the water storage pond is connected with a water body in a reservoir through a water pumping pipe, and the water outlet end of the water storage pond is connected with the top of a water passing pipeline passing through the photovoltaic panel through a drainage pipeline; the bottom of the water passing pipeline is connected with the top of the drip irrigation pipeline, and the bottom of the drip irrigation pipeline penetrates through the vegetation groove and is connected with water in the reservoir. The slope bottom water resource is reasonably utilized to improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, accurate irrigation of plants is achieved in a drainage pipeline drip irrigation mode, waste of the water resource is avoided, redundant water flows back to the slope bottom water body through a pipeline, and a clean water source is supplemented for the water body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological protection structures for the water-level-fluctuation zone, in particular to an ecological protection structure and an application method for the reservoir water-level-fluctuation zone. Background Art

[0002] The water-level-fluctuation zone generally refers to a special area where the water level of the riverbank or lakeshore of rivers, lakes or reservoirs fluctuates periodically due to seasonal influence, artificial water storage and flood discharge, etc., resulting in the periodic exposure of the flooded area. The periodic water-level rise and fall and the repeated wet-dry alternation in the water-level-fluctuation zone strongly disturb the soil structure and ecosystem. The growth of perennial plants is restricted, and herbaceous plants only grow during the short period when the reservoir maintains the flood-season water level. In the low-water period, a large number of desolate and bare landscapes of the reservoir tail water-level-fluctuation zone appear, which not only easily causes serious problems such as soil erosion, slope instability, and poor aesthetics, but also these problems will become more and more serious over time. It is difficult to achieve restoration only by natural succession in a short time.

[0003] The defects existing in the existing ecological slope protection structures are as follows: 1. The comparative document CN219195816U discloses an ecological bag cofferdam ecological restoration structure for the water-level-fluctuation zone block stone slope. The protected claims include: "An ecological bag cofferdam ecological restoration structure for the water-level-fluctuation zone block stone slope, which includes a plurality of ecological bags arranged between adjacent two block stones. The ecological bags are stacked together through connecting buckles. A hanging rope rod is arranged at a position outside the connecting buckle. An intercepting rope for intercepting the ecological bags is arranged between adjacent two block stones. The intercepting rope cooperates with the hanging rope rod. The area enclosed by the ecological bags and the block stones is filled with planting soil; through engineering practice, the construction measures of the present invention for safety protection treatment of the water-level-fluctuation zone block stone slope, preventing soil erosion, and restoring green vegetation are feasible and have good effects, and can carry out targeted ecological restoration on the water-level-fluctuation zone block stone area, reducing the manual labor intensity." However, the uncertainty of its structure for replenishing water only by rainfall is relatively high, so a structure for automatic irrigation is required.

[0004] 2. Comparative document CN218204177U discloses an ecological restoration structure for the drawdown zone of a rock slope of a pumped storage power station. The protected claims include "an ecological restoration structure for the drawdown zone of a rock slope of a pumped storage power station, wherein the rock slope is divided into a lower section of the drawdown zone, a middle section of the drawdown zone and an upper section of the drawdown zone; the lower section of the drawdown zone, the middle section of the drawdown zone and the upper section of the drawdown zone are all provided with a slope protection planting layer, the slope protection planting layer includes an inner layer of non-woven fabric, a geocell, a sprayed soil, an outer layer of non-woven fabric and a fixed grid, and the inner layer of non-woven fabric is laid on the slope surface. The geocell is pressed outside the inner layer of non-woven fabric, and the geocell is fixed to the rock slope by anchor rods. Each cell of the geocell is filled with an ecological bag, and the sprayed soil is covered outside the geocell. The outer layer of non-woven fabric is covered outside the sprayed soil, and the fixed grid is covered outside the outer layer of non-woven fabric; herbaceous plants are planted in the lower section of the drawdown zone, shrubs and herbaceous plants are planted in the middle section of the drawdown zone, and trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants are planted in the upper section of the drawdown zone. The utility model solves the problem of ecological restoration of concrete slopes in the drawdown zone of traditional pumped storage power stations. "However, its method has a large amount of engineering, high manpower, financial and time costs, and it is difficult to cope with the impact of waterlogging stress in the drawdown zone. The ecological restoration effect may be poor due to waterlogging stress.

[0005] 3. Comparative document CN218090704U discloses a drawdown zone structure of a reservoir, and the protected claims include "a drawdown zone structure of a reservoir. Applicable to the field of ecological restoration projects. The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a drawdown zone structure of a reservoir, arranged on the slope of a river, lake or reservoir, characterized in that: it has a low-frequency flooding zone, a relatively low-frequency flooding zone, a medium-frequency flooding zone, a relatively high-frequency flooding zone and a high-frequency flooding zone arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the slope of the reservoir according to the cumulative flooding frequency distribution of the slope of the reservoir; a concealed embankment structure is arranged in the said relatively high-frequency flooding zone, and vegetation of the relatively high-frequency flooding zone is planted on the concealed embankment structure in the relatively high-frequency flooding zone; vegetation of the relatively high-frequency flooding zone is planted in the medium-frequency flooding zone; vegetation of the relatively low-frequency flooding zone is planted in the relatively low-frequency flooding zone." However, this structure does not improve the lack of nutrients in the land in the flooded area, and the possible lack of fertilizer and water, and the initial ecological restoration benefit may be poor.

[0006] Traditional methods for managing slope drawdown zones have more or less problems such as high maintenance costs, long construction periods, large amounts of work, unstable water supply, poor landscape benefits, and poor quality of ecological restoration. In particular, some ecological restoration results in slope drawdown zones that are submerged during flood seasons are subject to degradation. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide an ecological protection structure and application method for the drawdown zone of a reservoir to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an ecological protection structure for the water-level-fluctuation zone of a reservoir, including a water storage pool, a photovoltaic panel, and a vegetation trough arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the slope surface. The water inlet end of the water storage pool is connected to the water body in the reservoir through a water extraction pipe, and the water outlet end of the water storage pool is connected to the top of a water passing pipe passing through the photovoltaic panel through a drainage pipe. The bottom of the water passing pipe is connected to the top of a drip irrigation pipe, and the bottom of the drip irrigation pipe passes through the vegetation trough and is connected to the water body in the reservoir.

[0009] Preferably, the water storage pool is connected to one end of a water extraction pump in the equipment room through a water extraction pipe, and the other end of the water extraction pump is connected to the water body in the reservoir through a water extraction pipe; a battery pack is arranged in the equipment room, and the battery pack is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic panel; an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the drainage pipe, and the electromagnetic valve is connected to a controller in the equipment room.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged on the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the heat dissipation fins are in contact with the surface of the water passing pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a rotary brush is arranged on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel. The rotating shaft of the rotary brush passes through the photovoltaic panel and is connected to the center of a first bevel gear arranged on the lower surface. The first bevel gear meshes with a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear meshes with an output gear through a transition gear, and the output gear is coaxially connected to a water wheel blade. The water wheel blade is arranged on the lower side of the water passing pipe.

[0012] More preferably, the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel is connected to the top of a support member, the bottom of the support member is connected to the top of a grouting anchor rod, the bottom of the grouting anchor rod is inserted into the slope surface, and a plurality of slurry outlet holes are arranged on the surface of the grouting anchor rod.

[0013] Preferably, an air guide pipe is penetrated through the bottom of the vegetation trough, a plurality of air outlet holes are arranged on the surface of the air guide pipe, and the input end of the air guide pipe is connected to a gas pumping device in an equipment box through an air supply pipe.

[0014] More preferably, the number of the vegetation troughs is multiple, and the number of the corresponding air guide pipes is also multiple. An electromagnetic valve is arranged at the input end of each air guide pipe, the electromagnetic valve is connected to the output end of a controller in the equipment box, a water level sensor is arranged at the top of the vegetation trough, and the water level sensor is connected to the input end of the controller.

[0015] More preferably, a waterproof lamp is further arranged on the vegetation trough, the switch of the waterproof lamp is connected to the controller, and both sides of the vegetation trough are fixed to the slope surface through fixing rods.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the planting trough is filled with crushed stone and permeable stone to form a mixed layer, and the components in the mixed layer are respectively 1-2 parts of crushed stone and 1-2 parts of permeable stone in weight; the rest is floating soil added with soil conditioner, organic fertilizer and plant seeds and mixed evenly into planting soil, and the components in the planting soil are respectively 85-88 parts of soil, 4-5 parts of soil conditioner, 2-3 parts of organic fertilizer and 1-2 parts of seeds in weight.

[0017] In addition, the present invention also discloses an application method of the above ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Choose the low water level period in the drawdown zone for construction, set up a water storage tank from the outer edge of the slope top, set up an equipment room next to the water storage tank, and install a pumping pipe to connect the water body and the pumping device; Step 2: Clean and collect the gravel and loose soil on the slope, divide the slope into two areas, the upper part is the photovoltaic area, and the lower part is the ecological restoration area. Reserve a pedestrian and horse path at the junction of the upper and lower areas, reserve a drainage ditch in the middle of the pedestrian and horse path, and set up an equipment box here; Step 3: Plan the scheduled installation points of anchor rods and vegetation troughs, place the vegetation troughs at the scheduled points in the ecological restoration area, and drive the fixing rods of the vegetation troughs into the slope to fix them; drive grouting anchor rods into the scheduled points in the photovoltaic area, and then inject grouting. After the grouting anchor rods are stable, fix the photovoltaic panels with support members. Continue construction in this way until the vegetation troughs and photovoltaic panels are installed, and install water level sensors at both ends of the vegetation troughs, and connect the power lines of the overall structure; Step 4: Pull several air pipes from the air pump device in the equipment box downward to the planting groove. A single air pipe enters from the reserved hole on the side of the planting groove and passes through the other side. Guide the air pipe through the two reserved holes of the adjacent planting groove. Continue in this way until the air pipe passes through all the planting grooves in this horizontal row. Then guide the air pipe back to the air pump device. After the connection is completed, use a needle to pierce the air pipe in the planting groove. Follow the above process until all the air pipes are installed. Step 5: Add soil conditioner, organic fertilizer and plant seeds to the floating soil collected in step 2 and mix well to form planting soil, crush the collected gravel into particles of appropriate size and add permeable stone to mix well; fill the bottom of the planting trough with gravel and permeable stone to form a mixed layer, the mixed layer covers the air guide pipe and is flat, fill the planting soil to the remaining space of the planting trough and compact it appropriately; continue construction in this way until all the planting troughs are filled; Step 6: Extend a drainage pipe from the water outlet of the slope top water storage tank and connect it to the top of the water pipe of the photovoltaic panel. Connect the bottom of the water pipe to the top of the drip irrigation pipe. The bottom of the drip irrigation pipe passes through the vegetation trough and connects to the water in the reservoir. Step 7: The water pump in the equipment room starts to operate, and the water pumping device pumps the water body into the storage pool. When the storage pool is full of water, the solenoid valve on the drainage pipe is opened, and the water flows back to the water body through the drainage pipe; during this process, part of the water passes through the drainage pipe, the water passing pipe and the drip irrigation pipe, and some of the water drips from the drip irrigation pipe into the vegetation retaining plate, promoting the germination of seeds in the vegetation soil. Step 8: When the water flows through the water passing pipe, it can take away the heat transferred by the heat dissipation fins in contact with it, thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel; and the water flow can drive the water turbine blades under the photovoltaic panel to rotate. Under the action of the output gear, the second bevel gear rotates through the intermediate gear, and then the first bevel gear rotates, and finally the rotating soft brush on the surface of the photovoltaic panel rotates to sweep away the dust and debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Step 9: When the water-level sensor at the top of the vegetation trough is covered by water when the water-level-fluctuation zone is flooded, the controller in the equipment box controls the air pumping device and the waterproof lamp to operate; the air pumping device pumps air into the vegetation trough underwater through the air duct to provide a certain amount of oxygen supply for the plants and their roots; the waterproof lamp provides supplementary light for the underwater plants to improve the underwater light intensity; when the water-level sensor is not submerged during the low-water period of the water-level-fluctuation zone, the opening and closing of the waterproof lamp at night are controlled according to the stored electricity to provide landscape lighting for the reservoir bank.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention: 1. When the water flows through the water passing pipe in the present invention, it can take away the heat transferred by the heat dissipation fins in contact with it, thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel; and the water flow can drive the water turbine blades under the photovoltaic panel to rotate. Under the action of the output gear, the second bevel gear rotates through the intermediate gear, and then the first bevel gear rotates, and finally the rotating soft brush on the surface of the photovoltaic panel rotates to sweep away the dust and debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. This measure can improve the smoothness of the surface of the photovoltaic panel during long-term use and improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0019] 2. The vegetation trough in the present invention has the following functions: A mixed layer of gravel and permeable stone is laid at the bottom of the vegetation trough, which can improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil body, and rainwater can quickly penetrate during rainfall, avoiding the roots of plants from rotting due to long-term immersion; when the water-level-fluctuation zone is flooded and the vegetation trough is covered by water, the air duct laid at the bottom of the vegetation trough can provide a certain amount of oxygen supply for the plants and their roots underwater, and the waterproof lamp at the top of the vegetation trough can provide light for the plants and appropriately improve the underwater light intensity. This design can prolong the activity of underwater plants; a biochemical cotton is attached to the inner side of the vegetation trough, which can provide a living space for microorganisms and adsorb fine suspended substances in the water, store a certain amount of fertility for the plants in the vegetation trough, and the nitrifying bacteria in the biochemical cotton can decompose nitrite in the water, having a certain purification effect on the water body.

[0020] 3. When the present invention conducts ecological restoration on the drawdown zone, it makes certain improvements to the construction process. Only by installing the components step by step in sequence can the slope be efficiently reinforced, and the anchor rods and fixing rods used for reinforcement can be respectively used as the fixing parts for the photovoltaic panels and the vegetation planting grooves. The operation of the device and the maintenance of the photovoltaic panels are both automatically controlled in the equipment room, without frequent regulation and manual cleaning, effectively reducing the labor maintenance cost. The arrangement of the photovoltaic panels, drainage ditches, and vegetation planting grooves can weaken the water flow intensity on the slope during rainfall and gradually improve the pollution of the drawdown zone to the water body.

[0021] 4. When the present invention conducts ecological restoration on the drawdown zone, it reasonably utilizes the in-situ resources of the slope, such as soil and stone resources, light resources, and water resources at the bottom of the slope, which is green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly. By storing energy in the battery pack through photovoltaic power generation and supplying energy to the equipment, the water pump at the bottom of the slope can be sent to the top of the slope and stored. When the vegetation planting groove is covered with water, the pump air device and waterproof lights can be started to provide light and oxygen for it to improve the survival rate of the plants, strengthening the anti-disturbance ability of the drawdown zone. And when the waterproof lights are lit at night, it can provide landscape lighting for the reservoir bank to improve the regional image. Reasonably utilize the water resources at the bottom of the slope to improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels, and achieve precise irrigation of the plants through the drip irrigation method of the drainage pipeline, avoiding waste of water resources. The excess water flows back to the water body at the bottom of the slope through the pipeline, supplementing clean water to the water body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an ecological protection structure for the reservoir drawdown zone; Figure 2 It is Figure 1 An enlarged structure schematic diagram of the lower surface area of the photovoltaic panel in Figure 3 It is Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of the connection between the photovoltaic panel and the rotary brush and its driving mechanism in Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram of the connection between the support member below the photovoltaic panel and the grouting anchor rod; Figure 5 It is Figure 1 An enlarged structure schematic diagram of the vegetation planting groove in Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of the connection of multiple vegetation planting grooves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The following further describes the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, an ecological protection structure for the water-level-fluctuation zone of a reservoir includes a water storage tank 1, a photovoltaic panel 2, and a vegetation trough 3 arranged in sequence from top to bottom on a slope surface. The water inlet end of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the water body 5 in the reservoir through a water extraction pipe 4. The water outlet end of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the top of a water passing pipe 7 passing through the photovoltaic panel 2 through a drainage pipe 6. The bottom of the water passing pipe 7 is connected to the top of a drip irrigation pipe 8. The bottom of the drip irrigation pipe 8 passes through the vegetation trough 3 and is connected to the water body 5 in the reservoir.

[0025] Preferably, the water storage tank 1 is connected to one end of a water pump in an equipment room 1.1 through a water extraction pipe 4, and the other end of the water pump is connected to the water body 5 in the reservoir through a water extraction pipe 4; a battery pack is arranged in the equipment room 1.1, and the battery pack is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic panel 2; an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the drainage pipe 6, and the electromagnetic valve is connected to a controller in the equipment room 1.1.

[0026] Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation fins 2.1 are arranged on the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel 2, and the heat dissipation fins 2.1 are in contact with the surface of the water passing pipe 7.

[0027] Preferably, a rotary brush 2.2 is arranged on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 2. The rotary shaft 2.3 of the rotary brush 2.2 passes through the photovoltaic panel 2 and is centrally connected to a first bevel gear 2.4 arranged on the lower surface. The first bevel gear 2.4 meshes with a second bevel gear 2.5. The second bevel gear 2.5 meshes with an output gear 2.7 through an intermediate gear 2.6. The output gear 2.7 is coaxially connected to a water turbine blade 2.9. The water turbine blade 2.9 is arranged on the lower side of the water passing pipe 7. In this embodiment, the intermediate gear 2.6 itself has two gear areas, one is a bevel gear area and the other is a spur gear area. The two gear areas are coaxially connected to each other, and the bevel gear area meshes with the second bevel gear 2.5, and the spur gear area meshes with the output gear 2.7.

[0028] In this embodiment, when water flows through the water passing pipe, the heat transferred by the heat dissipation fins in contact with it can be taken away, thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel; and the water flow can drive the rotation of the water turbine blade on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel. Under the action of the output gear, the second bevel gear rotates through the intermediate gear, and then the first bevel gear rotates, and finally the rotary soft brush on the surface of the photovoltaic panel rotates to sweep away the dust and debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. This measure can improve the smoothness of the surface of the photovoltaic panel during long-term use and improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0029] More preferably, the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel 2 is connected to the top of a support member 2.8. The bottom of the support member 2.8 is connected to the top of a grouting anchor rod 2.11. The bottom of the grouting anchor rod 2.11 is inserted into the slope surface, and a plurality of slurry outlets 2.10 are formed on the surface of the grouting anchor rod 2.11.

[0030] Preferably, an air duct 3.1 penetrates through the bottom of the vegetation planting tank 3, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed on the surface of the air duct 3.1. The input end of the air duct 3.1 is connected to a gas pumping device in the equipment box 3.2 through an air supply pipe.

[0031] More preferably, the number of the vegetation planting tanks 3 is multiple, and the number of corresponding air ducts 3.1 is also multiple. A corresponding electromagnetic valve is provided at the input end of each air duct 3.1. The electromagnetic valve is connected to the output end of a controller in the equipment box 3.2. A water level sensor 3.3 is provided at the top of the vegetation planting tank 3, and the water level sensor 3.3 is connected to the input end of the controller.

[0032] More preferably, a waterproof lamp 3.4 is further provided on the vegetation planting tank 3. The switch of the waterproof lamp 3.4 is connected to the controller. Both sides of the vegetation planting tank 3 are fixed to the slope surface through fixing rods 3.5.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the water-level-fluctuation zone is flooded with water and the water level sensor 3.3 at the top of the vegetation planting tank 3 is covered with water, the controller in the equipment box 3.2 controls the operation of the gas pumping device and the waterproof lamp 3.4. The gas pumping device pumps air into the vegetation planting tank 3 under water through the air duct 3.1 to provide a certain amount of oxygen supply for the plants and their roots. The waterproof lamp 3.4 provides supplementary light for the underwater plants, improves the underwater light intensity, and prolongs the activity of the underwater plants. When the water-level-fluctuation zone is in the low water period and the water level sensor 3.3 is not flooded, the opening and closing of the waterproof lamp 3.4 at night are controlled according to the stored electricity to provide landscape lighting for the reservoir bank.

[0034] Preferably, the bottom of the vegetation planting tank 3 is filled with crushed stones and permeable stones to form a mixed layer. The components in the mixed layer are respectively: 1 - 2 parts of crushed stones and 1 - 2 parts of permeable stones by weight. The remaining part is the vegetation planting soil formed by mixing soil conditioner, organic fertilizer and plant seeds in the floating soil. The components in the vegetation planting soil are respectively: 85 - 88 parts of soil, 4 - 5 parts of soil conditioner, 2 - 3 parts of organic fertilizer, and 1 - 2 parts of seeds by weight.

[0035] In this embodiment, a mixed layer of crushed stones and permeable stones is laid at the bottom of the vegetation planting tank, which can improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil body. Rainwater can quickly penetrate during rainfall, avoiding the roots of plants from rotting due to long-term immersion. The inner side of the vegetation planting tank is attached with biochemical cotton, which can provide a living space for microorganisms and adsorb fine suspended substances in the water, store a certain amount of fertility for the plants in the vegetation planting tank, and the nitrifying bacteria in the biochemical cotton can decompose nitrite in the water, having a certain purification effect on the water body. Embodiment 2: The present invention also discloses an application method of the above ecological protection structure for the reservoir water-level-fluctuation zone, which includes the following steps: Step 1: Select the low water level period of the water-level-fluctuation zone for construction. Set up a water storage tank 1 from the outer edge of the slope top inward, and set up an equipment room 1.1 beside the water storage tank 1. Install a water extraction pipe 4 to connect the water body 5 and the water pumping device. Step 2: Clean and collect the gravel and loose soil on the slope, divide the slope into two areas, the upper part is the photovoltaic area, and the lower part is the ecological restoration area. A pedestrian and horse path is reserved at the junction of the upper and lower areas, and a drainage ditch is reserved in the middle of the pedestrian and horse path, and equipment box 3.2 is set up here; Step 3: Plan the predetermined installation points of the anchor rods 2 and the vegetation grooves 3, place the vegetation grooves 3 at the predetermined points in the ecological restoration area, and drive the fixing rods 3.5 of the vegetation grooves 3 into the slope to fix them; drive the grouting anchor rods 2.11 into the predetermined points in the photovoltaic area, and then inject grouting, and when the grouting anchor rods 2.11 are stable, fix the photovoltaic panels 2 through the support members 2.8, and continue the construction in this way until the vegetation grooves 3 and the photovoltaic panels 2 are installed, and install water level sensors 3.3 at both ends of the vegetation grooves 3, and connect the power supply lines of the overall structure; Step 4: Pull several air guide tubes 3.1 from the air pump device in the equipment box 3.2 downward to the vegetation groove 3, and a single air guide tube 3.1 enters from the reserved hole on the side of the vegetation groove 3 and passes through the other side, and guides the air guide tube 3.1 through the two reserved holes of the adjacent vegetation groove 3, and continues in this way until the air guide tube 3.1 passes through all the vegetation grooves 3 in the horizontal row, and then guides the air guide tube 3.1 back to the air pump device; after the connection is completed, use a row of needles to pierce holes in the air guide tube 3.1 in the vegetation groove 3; follow the above process until all the air guide tubes 3.1 are installed; Step 5: Add soil conditioner, organic fertilizer and plant seeds to the floating soil collected in step 2 and mix well to form vegetation soil, crush the collected gravel into particles of appropriate size and add permeable stone to mix well; fill the bottom of the vegetation groove 3 with gravel and permeable stone to form a mixed layer, the mixed layer covers the air guide pipe 3.1 and is flat, fill the vegetation soil to the remaining space of the vegetation groove 3 and compact it appropriately; continue construction in this way until all the vegetation grooves 3 are filled; Step 6: A drainage pipe 6 is extended from the water outlet of the slope top water storage tank 1 to be connected to the top of the water pipe 7 of the photovoltaic panel 2, and the bottom of the water pipe 7 is connected to the top of the drip irrigation pipe 8. The bottom of the drip irrigation pipe 8 passes through the vegetation trough 3 and is connected to the water body 5 in the reservoir; Step 7: The water pump in the equipment room 1.1 starts to run, and the water pumping device pumps the water body 5 into the water storage tank 1. When the water storage is sufficient, the solenoid valve on the drainage pipe 6 is opened, and the water flows back to the water body 5 through the drainage pipe 6. In this process, the water passes through the drainage pipe 6, the water pipe 7 and the drip irrigation pipe 8, and part of the water drips from the drip irrigation pipe 8 into the vegetation enclosure 4, which promotes the germination of seeds in the vegetation soil. Step Eight: When water flows through the water pipe 7, it can carry away the heat transferred by the heat dissipation fins 2.1 in contact with it, thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel 2; and the water flow can drive the water turbine blades 2.9 under the photovoltaic panel 2 to rotate. Under the action of the output gear 2.7, the second bevel gear 2.5 is rotated through the intermediate gear 2.6, and then the first bevel gear 2.4 is rotated, and finally the rotating soft brush 2.2 on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2 is rotated to sweep away the dust and debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2; Step Nine: When the water-level-fluctuation zone is flooded with water and the water-level sensor 3.3 at the top of the vegetation trough 3 is covered with water, the controller in the equipment box 3.2 controls the operation of the air-pumping device and the waterproof lamp 3.4; the air-pumping device pumps air into the vegetation trough 3 under water through the air duct 3.1 to provide a certain amount of oxygen supply for the plants and their roots; the waterproof lamp 3.4 provides supplementary lighting for the underwater plants to improve the underwater light intensity; when the water-level-fluctuation zone is in the low-water period and the water-level sensor 3.3 is not flooded, the waterproof lamp 3.4 is turned on and off at night according to the stored electricity to provide landscape lighting for the reservoir bank.

[0036] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological protection structure for a water drawdown zone of a reservoir, comprising a water storage tank (1), a photovoltaic panel (2) and a vegetation trough (3) arranged in sequence from top to bottom on a slope, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water storage tank (1) is connected to the water body (5) in the reservoir through a pumping pipe (4); the water outlet of the water storage tank (1) is connected to the top of a water pipe (7) passing through the photovoltaic panel (2) through a drainage pipe (6); the bottom of the water pipe (7) is connected to the top of a drip irrigation pipe (8); the bottom of the drip irrigation pipe (8) passes through a vegetation trough (3) and is connected to the water body (5) in the reservoir.

2. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water storage tank (1) is connected to one end of a water pump in the equipment room (1.1) via a water pumping pipe (4), and the other end of the water pump is connected to a water body (5) in the reservoir via the water pumping pipe (4); a battery pack is provided in the equipment room (1.1), and the battery pack is connected to an output end of the photovoltaic panel (2); a solenoid valve is provided on the drainage pipe (6), and the solenoid valve is connected to a controller in the equipment room (1.1).

3. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lower surface of the photovoltaic panel (2) is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins (2.1), and the heat dissipation fins (2.1) are in contact with the surface of the water flow pipe (7).

4. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper surface of the photovoltaic panel (2) is provided with a rotating scraper (2.2); the rotating shaft (2.3) of the rotating scraper (2.2) passes through the photovoltaic panel (2) and is centrally connected to a first bevel gear (2.4) provided on the lower surface; the first bevel gear (2.4) meshes with a second bevel gear (2.5); the second bevel gear (2.5) meshes with an output gear (2.7) via a transition gear (2.6); the output gear (2.7) is coaxially connected to a water wheel blade (2.9); and the water wheel blade (2.9) is provided on the lower side of the water pipe (7).

5. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 4 is characterized by: The lower surface of the photovoltaic panel (2) is connected to the top of the support member (2.8), the bottom of the support member (2.8) is connected to the top of the grouting anchor rod (2.11), the bottom of the grouting anchor rod (2.11) is inserted into the slope surface, and a plurality of grouting outlets (2.10) are provided on the surface of the grouting anchor rod (2.11).

6. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 1 is characterized by: An air guide tube (3.1) is provided at the bottom of the planting groove (3), a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the surface of the air guide tube (3.1), and an input end of the air guide tube (3.1) is connected to an air pump device in the equipment box (3.2) via an air supply pipe.

7. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 6 is characterized by: There are a plurality of the vegetation troughs (3), and a plurality of corresponding air guide pipes (3.1). The input end of each air guide pipe (3.1) is provided with a corresponding solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is connected to the output end of the controller in the device box (3.2). A water level sensor (3.3) is provided at the top of the vegetation trough (3), and the water level sensor (3.3) is connected to the input end of the controller.

8. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 6 is characterized by: The vegetation trough (3) is also provided with a waterproof lamp (3.4), and a switch of the waterproof lamp (3.4) is connected to a controller. Both sides of the vegetation trough (3) are fixed to the slope surface via fixing rods (3.5).

9. The ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the planting trough (3) is filled with crushed stone and permeable stone to form a mixed layer, wherein the components in the mixed layer are, by weight, 1-2 parts of crushed stone and 1-2 parts of permeable stone; the rest is floating soil added with soil improver, organic fertilizer and plant seeds and mixed evenly to form planting soil, wherein the components in the planting soil are, by weight, 85-88 parts of soil, 4-5 parts of soil improver, 2-3 parts of organic fertilizer and 1-2 parts of seeds.

10. An application method of the ecological protection structure for the drawdown zone of a reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Select a low water level period in the drawdown zone for construction, set up a water storage tank (1) inward from the outer edge of the slope top, set up an equipment room (1.1) next to the water storage tank (1), and install a pumping pipe (4) to connect the water body (5) and the pumping device; Step 2: Clean and collect the gravel and loose soil on the slope, divide the slope into two areas, the upper part is the photovoltaic area, and the lower part is the ecological restoration area. Reserve a pedestrian and horse path at the junction of the upper and lower areas, reserve a drainage ditch in the middle of the pedestrian and horse path, and set up an equipment box here (3.2); Step 3: planning the predetermined installation points of the anchor rods (2) and the vegetation troughs (3), placing the vegetation troughs (3) at the predetermined points in the ecological restoration area, and driving the fixing rods (3.5) of the vegetation troughs (3) into the slope to fix them; driving the grouting anchor rods (2.11) into the predetermined points in the photovoltaic area, and then grouting, and after the grouting anchor rods (2.11) are stable, fixing the photovoltaic panels (2) through the support members (2.8), and constructing in this way until the vegetation troughs (3) and the photovoltaic panels (2) are installed, and installing water level sensors (3.3) at both ends of the vegetation troughs (3), and connecting the power supply lines of the overall structure; Step 4: Pull several air guide tubes (3.1) from the air pump device in the equipment box (3.2) downward to the vegetation groove (3), and a single air guide tube (3.1) enters from the reserved hole on the side of the vegetation groove (3) and passes through the other side, and guides the air guide tube (3.1) through the two reserved holes of the adjacent vegetation groove (3), and continues in this way until the air guide tube (3.1) passes through all the vegetation grooves (3) in the horizontal row, and then guides the air guide tube (3.1) back to the air pump device; After the connection is completed, use a needle to pierce holes in the air guide pipe (3.1) in the planting groove (3); follow the above process until all the air guide pipes (3.1) are installed; Step 5: Add soil conditioner, organic fertilizer and plant seeds to the floating soil collected in step 2 and mix well to form planting soil; crush the collected gravel into particles of suitable size and add permeable stone to mix well; fill the bottom layer of the planting trough (3) with gravel and permeable stone to form a mixed layer, the mixed layer covers the air guide pipe (3.1) and is flat; fill the planting soil to the remaining space of the planting trough (3) and compact it appropriately; continue construction in this way until all the planting troughs (3) are filled; Step 6: A drainage pipe (6) is extended from the water outlet of the slope top water storage tank (1) and connected to the top of the water pipe (7) of the photovoltaic panel (2); the bottom of the water pipe (7) is connected to the top of the drip irrigation pipe (8); the bottom of the drip irrigation pipe (8) passes through the vegetation trough (3) and is connected to the water body (5) in the reservoir; Step 7: The water pump in the equipment room (1.1) starts to operate, and the water pumping device pumps the water body (5) into the water storage tank (1). When the water storage is sufficient, the solenoid valve on the drainage pipe (6) is opened, and the water flows back to the water body (5) through the drainage pipe (6). During this process, the water passes through the drainage pipe (6), the water pipe (7) and the drip irrigation pipe (8), and part of the water drips from the drip irrigation pipe (8) into the vegetation enclosure (4), thereby promoting the germination of seeds in the vegetation soil. Step 8: When the water flows through the water pipe (7), it can take away the heat transferred by the heat dissipation fins (2.1) in contact with the water pipe, thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel (2); and the water flow can drive the water wheel blades (2.9) on the lower side of the photovoltaic panel (2) to rotate, and under the action of the output gear (2.7), the second bevel gear (2.5) is rotated through the transition gear (2.6), thereby rotating the first bevel gear (2.4), and finally rotating the rotating soft brush (2.2) on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (2) to remove dust and debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (2); Step 9: When the drawdown zone is flooded and the water level sensor (3.3) on the top of the plant tank (3) is covered by water, the controller in the equipment box (3.2) controls the air pumping device and the waterproof light (3.4) to operate; the air pumping device pumps air into the underwater plant tank (3) through the air guide tube (3.1) to provide a certain amount of oxygen supply for the plants and their roots; The waterproof lamp (3.4) provides supplementary lighting for underwater plants and improves the underwater light intensity; when the drawdown zone is in a low water period and the water level sensor (3.3) is not submerged, the waterproof lamp (3.4) is controlled to be turned on and off at night according to the stored electricity, thereby providing landscape lighting for the reservoir bank.

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