A pit excavation device for engineering construction

Abstract

The present invention provides a pit excavation device for engineering construction, belonging to the technical field of foundation pit excavation; it includes an excavator, a bucket, and digging teeth installed on the bucket, and further includes: a leveling shell, the leveling shell is arranged on the surface of the digging teeth; a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is arranged inside the leveling shell, and the fixing mechanism includes a fixing component and a closing component. The fixing component is used for fixing between the leveling shell and the digging teeth, and the closing component is used for closing between the leveling shell and the digging teeth. By setting the fixing component and the closing component in the present invention, when the leveling shell is disassembled, rotating the closing component can release the connection between the fixing component and the digging teeth, and then the leveling shell can be removed from the digging teeth. When installing, insert the digging teeth into the leveling shell and rotate the closing component in the reverse direction to realize the connection between the fixing component and the digging teeth, thereby realizing the installation of the leveling shell. During the conversion between the digging teeth and the leveling shell, there is no need to disassemble and assemble the digging teeth, which greatly reduces the conversion time between the digging teeth and the leveling shell, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit excavation, and particularly relates to a pit excavation device for engineering construction. Background Art

[0002] During building construction, an excavator is first used to excavate a foundation pit. At the beginning, the excavator uses a bucket with digging teeth to dig the soil according to the planned contour. After the general shape of the foundation pit appears, the construction workers, according to the specifications, use professional tools to remove the digging teeth and install a leveling shell. Then, the excavator is restarted, and according to the requirements of the design elevation and flatness, the bottom soil of the pit is scraped and compacted evenly and moderately, and the error is controlled within the allowable range to lay a foundation for subsequent cushion pouring, foundation construction, etc.

[0003] Before the leveling shell is installed, a number of digging teeth need to be removed from the bucket first, and then the leveling shell is installed on the bucket. When the leveling operation is completed, the leveling shell is removed from the bucket, and the digging teeth are installed on the bucket again. The conversion and installation between the digging teeth and the leveling shell take a long time. Therefore, the present application provides a pit excavation device for engineering construction to meet the needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pit excavation device for engineering construction to solve the problem that the conversion and installation between the digging teeth and the leveling shell take a long time.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pit excavation device for engineering construction includes an excavator, a bucket, and digging teeth installed on the bucket, and further includes:

[0007] A leveling shell, the leveling shell is arranged on the surface of the digging teeth;

[0008] A fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is arranged in the leveling shell, and the fixing mechanism includes a fixing component and a closing component. The fixing component is used for fixing between the leveling shell and the digging teeth, and the closing component is used for closing between the leveling shell and the digging teeth;

[0009] When the leveling shell is placed on the ground, the closing component is used to support the leveling shell to make the opening of the leveling shell face upward. After the bucket drives the digging teeth to insert into the leveling shell, the closing component is rotated upward, and the closing component drives the fixing component to act to realize the fixing of the digging teeth and the leveling shell. At the same time, the closing component blocks the opening of the leveling shell to realize the closing of the opening of the leveling shell.

[0010] Preferably, a receiving groove and two square grooves are opened at the top of the leveling shell. The receiving groove is located between the two square grooves, and a number of digging teeth are respectively inserted into the receiving groove and the two square grooves.

[0011] Preferably, a convex part is arranged on the leveling shell towards the opening direction of the digging bucket, and the convex part is used to increase the contact area between the leveling shell and the ground.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing component includes a plurality of first fixing seats and a plurality of second fixing seats fixed in the leveling shell. A circular shaft is fixed between adjacent first fixing seats. A circular sleeve is movably sleeved on the surface of the circular shaft. Extrusion blocks are fixed at both ends of the circular sleeve. A plug rod movably penetrates through the inner wall of the second fixing seat. A first guiding surface is provided at one end of the plug rod close to the circular sleeve. A second guiding surface is provided at one end of the extrusion block far from the circular sleeve. A plug block is fixed at one end of the plug rod far from the circular sleeve. A slot is provided on the side surface of the digging tooth. When the digging tooth is located in the leveling shell, rotate the circular sleeve. The circular sleeve drives the extrusion block to rotate. The first guiding surface of the plug rod slides on the second guiding surface. During the sliding, the plug rod will drive the plug block to insert into the slot, realizing the fixation between the leveling shell and the digging tooth. A connecting plate is fixed at the bottom of the second fixing seat. A resilient member is fixed between the connecting plate and the plug block. The resilient member is a tension spring or an elastic band.

[0013] Preferably, a mud discharge groove is provided on the inner side surface of the slot wall of the slot for discharging mud when the plug block is inserted into the slot.

[0014] Preferably, a circular tube is fixed on the surface of the circular sleeve. A circular rod movably penetrates through the top of the circular tube. A disc is fixed at the bottom of the circular rod. The circumferential surface of the disc is movably connected to the inner wall of the circular tube. A spring is fixed between the top of the disc and the top inner wall of the circular tube. The spring is sleeved on the surface of the circular rod. A vertical groove is provided on the side surface of the leveling shell.

[0015] Preferably, the closing component includes an upper sealing plate fixed at the top of the circular rod. A side sealing plate is fixed on the side of the upper sealing plate far from the opening of the digging tooth. The side surface of the side sealing plate is movably connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove.

[0016] Preferably, a protruding part is provided on the side of the upper sealing plate close to the side sealing plate. A buckling groove is provided at the bottom of the protruding part.

[0017] Preferably, a vertical surface is provided on the side of the side sealing plate far from the leveling shell. An inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the side sealing plate.

[0018] Preferably, a protection component is provided at the bottom of the upper sealing plate. The protection component includes a strip-shaped groove opened on the top of the leveling shell. A strip-shaped block is fixed at the bottom of the upper sealing plate. A through groove communicating with the leveling shell is provided on the inner wall of the strip-shaped groove. When the upper sealing plate is located above the leveling shell, the strip-shaped block is inserted into the strip-shaped groove.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In the above solution, by setting the fixing component and the closing component, when disassembling the leveling shell, rotating the closing component can release the connection between the fixing component and the digging tooth, and then the leveling shell can be removed from the digging tooth. When installing, insert the digging tooth into the leveling shell and rotate the closing component in the reverse direction to realize the connection between the fixing component and the digging tooth, thus realizing the installation of the leveling shell. During the conversion between the digging tooth and the leveling shell, there is no need to disassemble and assemble the digging tooth, greatly reducing the conversion time between the digging tooth and the leveling shell, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0021] By setting the upper sealing plate and the side sealing plate, when the leveling shell is placed on the ground, the side sealing plate supports on the ground, and the leveling shell can be supported on the ground with the opening facing upward, which is convenient for the digging tooth to be directly inserted into the leveling shell without the need to support the leveling shell separately, and the operation is more convenient. When the upper sealing plate rotates upward, it can not only drive the fixation between the fixing component and the digging tooth, but also close the opening of the leveling shell. At the same time, the side sealing plate can block the vertical groove, both avoiding mud from entering the leveling shell, and there is no need to clean the inside of the leveling shell later. When the side sealing plate supports on the side of the leveling shell, it can also increase the distance between the two support points of the leveling shell, further improving the stability of the leveling shell when placed on the ground.

[0022] By setting the mud discharge groove, when the insertion block is inserted into the insertion slot, if there is mud in the insertion slot, with the continuous insertion of the insertion block, under the extrusion of the insertion block, the mud will be discharged smoothly along the mud discharge groove. This design effectively avoids the situation where the insertion of the insertion block is hindered due to the accumulation of mud in the insertion slot, thus ensuring the smooth progress of the fixation process between the leveling shell and the digging tooth, and greatly improving the stability when the leveling shell is fixed.

[0023] By setting the convex part, the convex part significantly increases the contact area between the leveling shell and the ground, ensuring that the leveling shell is more stable when placed on the ground. In actual operation, since the convex part is in direct contact with the mud frequently, its special material and structural design endow it with excellent wear resistance, which can effectively resist the frictional loss of the mud, thus greatly improving the overall service durability of the leveling shell and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0024] By setting the protruding part, the protruding part greatly facilitates the upward lifting operation of the upper sealing plate by increasing the contact area with the finger. In actual operation, the operator can apply force more easily and stably. At the same time, the protruding part also increases the contact area with the side sealing plate, effectively strengthening the connection strength between the upper sealing plate and the side sealing plate, ensuring the structural stability of the equipment under complex working conditions. The buckle groove specially set at the bottom of the protruding part further optimizes the human-machine interaction experience. It significantly increases the contact area between the finger and the protruding part, and can effectively prevent the finger from accidentally detaching from the protruding part during the process of lifting the upper sealing plate, greatly improving the stability during the operation and ensuring that the construction personnel can accurately and safely complete the relevant operations of the equipment.

[0025] By setting a vertical surface and an inclined surface, the vertical surface effectively expands the contact area between the side seal plate and the ground. When the side seal plate is supported on the ground, its stability is greatly enhanced. At the same time, the inclined surface causes the bottom of the side seal plate to closely fit the side of the leveling shell, significantly increasing the contact area between the two. Furthermore, when the side seal plate is supported on the side of the leveling shell, the stability of the support is effectively guaranteed. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] The drawings forming a part of this specification illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are further used to explain the principles of the present disclosure and enable those skilled in the relevant art to implement and use the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the back of the bucket of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at the leveling shell of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at A in

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the protruding part of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Cross-sectional view at the circular pipe of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the fixing seats of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the slot of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the through slot of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1, bucket; 2, digging tooth; 3, leveling shell; 4, convex part; 5, square groove; 6, fixing mechanism; 7, fixing component; 8, first fixing seat; 9, round shaft; 10, round sleeve; 11, round pipe; 12, round rod; 13, disc; 14, spring; 15, second fixing seat; 16, inserting rod; 17, first guiding surface; 18, extrusion block; 19, second guiding surface; 20, inserting block; 21, inserting slot; 22, mud discharging groove; 23, connecting plate; 24, rebounding component; 25, closing component; 26, upper closing plate; 27, side closing plate; 28, inclined surface; 29, vertical surface; 30, protruding part; 31, protection component; 32, strip-shaped groove; 33, strip-shaped block; 34, through groove; 35, vertical groove.

[0038] As shown in the figure, in order to clearly implement the structure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure. However, this is only for schematic purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device, and environment. According to specific needs, those of ordinary skill in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments, and the adjustments or modifications still fall within the scope of the appended claims. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The following will describe in detail a pit excavation device for engineering construction provided by the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it should be noted here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments. For some well-known technologies, those skilled in the art can also adopt other alternative methods for implementation; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that in the specification, when referring to "an embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments", etc., it indicates that the described embodiment may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not necessarily every embodiment includes such specific features, structures, or characteristics. Additionally, when combining an embodiment to describe a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in combination with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the relevant art.

[0041] Generally, terms can be understood at least in part from their use in the context. For example, at least in part depending on the context, the term "one or more" used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey a set of exclusive factors, but rather, at least in part depending on the context, allowing for the existence of other factors that may not be explicitly described.

[0042] Such as Figures 1 - 10As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pit excavation device for engineering construction, which includes an excavator (not shown in the figure), a bucket 1, and digging teeth 2 installed on the bucket 1. The bucket 1 is installed at the end of the boom of the excavator, and the bucket 1 can be driven to move by the boom of the excavator. The digging teeth 2 are fixed to the bucket 1 through a connecting shaft. When the digging teeth 2 need to be disassembled from the bucket 1, the connecting shaft needs to be disassembled first, and then the digging teeth 2 can be removed from the bucket 1. It also includes:

[0043] A leveling shell 3, which is arranged on the surface of the digging teeth 2;

[0044] A fixing mechanism 6, which is arranged inside the leveling shell 3. The fixing mechanism 6 includes a fixing component 7 and a closing component 25. The fixing component 7 is used for fixing between the leveling shell 3 and the digging teeth 2, and the closing component 25 is used for closing between the leveling shell 3 and the digging teeth 2;

[0045] When the leveling shell 3 is placed on the ground, the closing component 25 is used to support the leveling shell 3 so that the leveling shell 3 has an upward opening. After the bucket 1 drives the digging teeth 2 to insert into the leveling shell 3, the closing component 25 is rotated upward, and the closing component 25 drives the fixing component 7 to act to fix the digging teeth 2 and the leveling shell 3. At the same time, the closing component 25 blocks the opening of the leveling shell 3 to realize the closing of the opening of the leveling shell 3. After the digging teeth 2 are inserted into the leveling shell 3, a gap is formed between the digging teeth 2 and the leveling shell 3, and the closing component 25 is used to close the opening here.

[0046] As Figure 6 shown, in this embodiment, a receiving groove and two square grooves 5 are opened at the top of the leveling shell 3. The receiving groove is located between the two square grooves 5. Several digging teeth 2 are respectively inserted into the receiving groove and the two square grooves 5. The number of receiving grooves increases or decreases according to the number of digging teeth 2, but the number of digging teeth 2 should be at least more than three.

[0047] As Figure 6 shown, in this embodiment, the leveling shell 3 is provided with a convex portion 4 facing the opening direction of the bucket 1. The convex portion 4 is used to increase the contact area between the leveling shell 3 and the ground. When leveling the foundation pit, the convex portion 4 directly contacts the soil. When the convex portion 4 contacts the soil, the soil will wear the convex portion 4. In contrast, the setting of the convex portion 4 increases the durability of the leveling shell 3 in use.

[0048] As Figures 4 - 10As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the fixing component 7 includes a plurality of first fixing seats 8 and a plurality of second fixing seats 15 fixed in the leveling shell 3. A circular shaft 9 is fixed between adjacent first fixing seats 8. A circular sleeve 10 is movably sleeved on the surface of the circular shaft 9. Extrusion blocks 18 are fixed at both ends of the circular sleeve 10. A plug rod 16 movably penetrates through the inner wall of the second fixing seat 15. A first guiding surface 17 is provided at one end of the plug rod 16 close to the circular sleeve 10. A second guiding surface 19 is provided at one end of the extrusion block 18 away from the circular sleeve 10. A plug block 20 is fixed at one end of the plug rod 16 away from the circular sleeve 10. A slot 21 is provided on the side surface of the digging tooth 2. When the digging tooth 2 is located in the leveling shell 3, rotate the circular sleeve 10. The circular sleeve 10 drives the extrusion block 18 to rotate. The first guiding surface 17 of the plug rod 16 slides on the second guiding surface 19. During the sliding, the plug rod 16 will drive the plug block 20 to insert into the slot 21, realizing the fixation between the leveling shell 3 and the digging tooth 2. A connecting plate 23 is fixed at the bottom of the second fixing seat 15. A resilient member 24 is fixed between the connecting plate 23 and the plug block 20. The resilient member 24 is a tension spring or an elastic band. When the first guiding surface 17 contacts the second guiding surface 19, the plug rod 16 is reset by the pulling force of the resilient member 24.

[0049] As Figure 9 shown, in this embodiment, a sludge discharge groove 22 is provided on the inner wall side surface of the slot 21. The sludge discharge groove 22 is used for discharging the soil when the plug block 20 is inserted into the slot 21. The inner wall of the slot 21 is inclined. The side surface of the plug block 20 is also inclined. The inclination angles of the slot 21 and the plug block 20 are the same. Through the inclined setting, it is convenient to discharge the soil inside the slot 21. At the same time, it is convenient for the plug block 20 to be inserted into the slot 21. The sludge discharge groove 22 provided on the slot 21 can reserve space for the soil to be discharged, making it easier for the soil to be discharged from the sludge discharge groove 22.

[0050] As Figure 6 shown, in this embodiment, a circular tube 11 is fixed on the surface of the circular sleeve 10. A circular rod 12 movably penetrates through the top of the circular tube 11. A disc 13 is fixed at the bottom of the circular rod 12. The disc 13 can play a limiting role to prevent the circular rod 12 from detaching from the circular tube 11, making the whole more stable during use. The circumferential surface of the disc 13 is movably connected to the inner wall of the circular tube 11. A spring 14 is fixed between the top of the disc 13 and the top inner wall of the circular tube 11. The spring 14 is sleeved on the surface of the circular rod 12. When the upper sealing plate 26 is pulled upward, the spring 14 is in a compressed state. When the upper sealing plate 26 loses restraint, the elastic force of the spring 14 can drive the upper sealing plate 26 to reset. A vertical groove 35 is provided on the side surface of the leveling shell 3. The vertical groove 35 is used to reserve space for the rotation of the circular tube 11 and the circular rod 12 to prevent the circular tube 11 and the circular rod 12 from getting stuck on the side surface of the leveling shell 3.

[0051] As Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the closing component 25 includes an upper closing plate 26 fixed to the top of the round rod 12. On the side of the upper closing plate 26 away from the opening of the tooth digging part 2, a side closing plate 27 is fixed. The side surface of the side closing plate 27 is movably connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove 35. The side closing plate 27 is used to close the vertical groove 35 to prevent soil from entering the leveling shell 3 from the vertical groove 35. When the side closing plate 27 supports on the ground, the side closing plate 27 can also increase the distance between the support point of the side closing plate 27 and the leveling shell 3, indirectly increasing the support area when the leveling shell 3 supports and improving the stability when the leveling shell 3 is placed.

[0052] As Figure 5 shown, in this embodiment, a protrusion 30 is provided on the side of the upper closing plate 26 close to the side closing plate 27. A buckle groove is opened at the bottom of the protrusion 30. The protrusion 30 not only increases the contact area between the upper closing plate 26 and the side closing plate 27, improving the connection strength between the two, but also provides a space for finger operation, making it easier for the finger to drive the upper closing plate 26 to move upward. By setting the buckle groove, the buckle groove increases the contact area between the finger and the protrusion 30, preventing sliding between the finger and the protrusion 30 and improving the stability during operation.

[0053] As Figure 6 shown, in this embodiment, a vertical surface 29 is provided on the side of the side closing plate 27 away from the leveling shell 3, and an inclined surface 28 is provided at the bottom of the side closing plate 27. The vertical surface 29 is used to increase the contact area between the side closing plate 27 and the ground. After the contact area increases, the pressure at the contact position decreases, preventing the side closing plate 27 from sinking into the soil. At the same time, it can also make the side closing plate 27 contact the ground more stably, and the support of the side closing plate 27 on the leveling shell 3 is more stable. The inclination angle of the inclined surface 28 is the same as the inclination angle of the side surface of the leveling shell 3. Through the inclined surface 28, the bottom of the side closing plate 27 can be completely attached to the side surface of the leveling shell 3, increasing the contact area between the side closing plate 27 and the leveling shell 3 and improving the stability during fixation.

[0054] As Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 10 shown, in this embodiment, a protection component 31 is provided at the bottom of the upper closing plate 26. The protection component 31 includes a strip-shaped groove 32 opened at the top of the leveling shell 3. A strip-shaped block 33 is fixed to the bottom of the upper closing plate 26. A through groove 34 communicating with the leveling shell 3 is opened on the inner wall of the strip-shaped groove 32. When the upper closing plate 26 is located above the leveling shell 3, the strip-shaped block 33 is inserted into the strip-shaped groove 32, which can prevent the upper closing plate 26 from rotating during the use of the leveling shell 3, thereby preventing the leveling shell 3 from detaching from the tooth digging part 2. By setting the through groove 34, the through groove 34 can discharge the soil in the strip-shaped groove 32, preventing the strip-shaped block 33 from being unable to be inserted into the strip-shaped groove 32.

[0055] Working principle: When disassembling the leveling shell 3 from the digging tooth 2, place the finger in the buckle groove of the protrusion 30, lift the upper sealing plate 26 upward, separate the strip-shaped block 33 from the strip-shaped groove 32, and the upper sealing plate 26 drives the round rod 12 to move upward. When the round rod 12 moves upward, it will drive the disc 13 to move upward. During the upward movement of the disc 13, the spring 14 will be compressed. Then rotate the upper sealing plate 26. The upper sealing plate 26 will drive the side sealing plate 27 to rotate. When the upper sealing plate 26 rotates, it is necessary to continuously pull the upper sealing plate 26 to prevent the upper sealing plate 26 from getting stuck at the corner of the leveling shell 3. After rotating the upper sealing plate 26 by 90 degrees, the inclined surface 28 at the bottom of the side sealing plate 27 will fit against the side surface of the leveling shell 3. When the upper sealing plate 26 rotates by 90 degrees, the upper sealing plate 26 will drive the round rod 12 to rotate by 90 degrees. The round rod 12 will drive the round tube 11 to rotate. The round tube 11 will drive the round sleeve 10 to rotate by 90 degrees. The round sleeve 10 will drive the extrusion block 18 to rotate. At this time, the elastic member 24 will pull the insertion block 20 to move, so that the insertion block 20 disengages from the insertion slot 21. At this time, the guiding surface one 17 contacts the guiding surface two 19, and then the digging tooth 2 can be taken out from the inside of the leveling shell 3;

[0056] When the leveling shell 3 needs to be installed again, insert the digging tooth 2 into the leveling shell 3 through the square groove 5 again. Then first pull the upper sealing plate 26 to make the upper sealing plate 26 away from the leveling shell 3, and then rotate the upper sealing plate 26 upward to make the upper sealing plate 26 rotate by 90 degrees. At this time, the side sealing plate 27 will close the vertical groove 35, and the upper sealing plate 26 will close the opening between the digging tooth 2 and the square groove 5. After releasing the upper sealing plate 26, the spring 14 rebounds, so that the strip-shaped block 33 is inserted into the strip-shaped groove 32. If there is soil in the strip-shaped groove 32, the soil in the strip-shaped groove 32 will flow out from the through groove 34 to prevent the strip-shaped block 33 from being unable to be inserted into the strip-shaped groove 32. During the upward rotation of the upper sealing plate 26, the round sleeve 10 will drive the extrusion block 18 to rotate. The guiding surface two 19 on the extrusion block 18 will squeeze the guiding surface one 17, so that the insertion rod 16 moves in the direction of the insertion slot ۲۱. The insertion rod 16 will drive the insertion block 20 to be inserted into the insertion slot 21 to realize the fixation of the leveling shell 3.

[0057] The present invention covers any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods and solutions made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to enable the public to have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the above preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details.

[0058] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excavation equipment for pit and trench in engineering construction, comprising an excavator, a bucket (1), and digging teeth (2) installed on the bucket (1), characterized in that, It further includes: A leveling shell (3), which is arranged on the surface of the digging tooth (2); A fixing mechanism (6), which is arranged inside the leveling shell (3). The fixing mechanism (6) includes a fixing component (7) and a closing component (25). The fixing component (7) is used for fixing between the leveling shell (3) and the digging tooth (2), and the closing component (25) is used for closing between the leveling shell (3) and the digging tooth (2); The fixing component (7) includes a plurality of first fixing seats (8) and a plurality of second fixing seats (15) fixed inside the leveling shell (3). A circular shaft (9) is fixed between adjacent first fixing seats (8). A circular sleeve (10) is movably sleeved on the surface of the circular shaft (9). Extrusion blocks (18) are fixed at both ends of the circular sleeve (10). A plug rod (16) movably penetrates through the inner wall of the second fixing seat (15). A first guiding surface (17) is formed at one end of the plug rod (16) close to the circular sleeve (10). A second guiding surface (19) is formed at one end of the extrusion block (18) away from the circular sleeve (10). A plug block (20) is fixed at the end of the plug rod (16) away from the circular sleeve (10). A slot (21) is formed on the side surface of the digging tooth (2). When the digging tooth (2) is located inside the leveling shell (3), rotate the circular sleeve (10). The circular sleeve (10) drives the extrusion block (18) to rotate. The first guiding surface (17) of the plug rod (16) slides on the second guiding surface (19). During the sliding, the plug rod (16) will drive the plug block (20) to insert into the slot (21), realizing the fixation between the leveling shell (3) and the digging tooth (2). A connecting plate (23) is fixed at the bottom of the second fixing seat (15). A resilient member (24) is fixed between the connecting plate (23) and the plug block (20). The resilient member (24) is a tension spring or an elastic band; When the leveling shell (3) is placed on the ground, the closing component (25) is used to support the leveling shell (3) so that the opening of the leveling shell (3) faces upward. After the digging bucket (1) drives the digging tooth (2) to insert into the leveling shell (3), rotate the closing component (25) upward. The closing component (25) drives the fixing component (7) to act to realize the fixation between the digging tooth (2) and the leveling shell (3), and at the same time, the closing component (25) shields the opening of the leveling shell (3), realizing the closing of the opening of the leveling shell (3).

2. The trench excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A receiving groove and two square grooves (5) are formed at the top of the leveling shell (3). The receiving groove is located between the two square grooves (5). A plurality of digging teeth (2) are respectively inserted into the receiving groove and the two square grooves (5).

3. The trench excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that The leveling shell (3) is provided with a convex portion (4) facing the opening direction of the digging bucket (1). The convex portion (4) is used to increase the contact area between the leveling shell (3) and the ground.

4. The trench excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mud discharge groove (22) is formed on the inner wall side surface of the slot (21). The mud discharge groove (22) is used for discharging mud when the plug block (20) inserts into the slot (21).

5. The pit excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A circular tube (11) is fixed on the surface of the circular sleeve (10). A circular rod (12) movably penetrates through the top of the circular tube (11). A disc (13) is fixed at the bottom of the circular rod (12). The circumferential surface of the disc (13) is movably connected to the inner wall of the circular tube (11). A spring (14) is fixed between the top of the disc (13) and the top inner wall of the circular tube (11). The spring (14) is sleeved on the surface of the circular rod (12). A vertical groove (35) is formed in the side surface of the leveling shell (3).

6. The trench excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The closing assembly (25) includes an upper sealing plate (26) fixed at the top of the circular rod (12). A side sealing plate (27) is fixed on the side of the upper sealing plate (26) away from the opening of the digging tooth (2). The side surface of the side sealing plate (27) is movably connected to the inner wall of the vertical groove (35).

7. The trench excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, A protruding portion (30) is arranged on the side of the upper sealing plate (26) close to the side sealing plate (27). A buckling groove is formed at the bottom of the protruding portion (30).

8. The pit excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, A vertical surface (29) is arranged on the side of the side sealing plate (27) away from the leveling shell (3). An inclined surface (28) is arranged at the bottom of the side sealing plate (27).

9. The trench excavation equipment for engineering construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, A protection assembly (31) is arranged at the bottom of the upper sealing plate (26). The protection assembly (31) includes a strip-shaped groove (32) formed in the top of the leveling shell (3). A strip-shaped block (33) is fixed at the bottom of the upper sealing plate (26). A through groove (34) communicating with the leveling shell (3) is formed in the inner wall of the strip-shaped groove (32). When the upper sealing plate (26) is located above the leveling shell (3), the strip-shaped block (33) is inserted into the strip-shaped groove (32).

Images