A tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods and a construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction jumbo, and specifically to a tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods and a construction method; the device includes a moving mechanism and a lifting unit, and the lifting unit is installed on the moving mechanism for lifting the arch frame; it further includes: a driving mechanism, which is installed on the moving mechanism and has a plate three at its driving end and drives the plate three to move; a clamping mechanism, which is arranged on the plate three; a blowing mechanism, which is arranged on the clamping mechanism for blowing off the particulate matter at the installation position of the arch frame; a placing mechanism, which is installed on the plate three for placing the lifted arch frame. After the limiting plate clamps the arch frame in the present invention, the air is compressed in the cylinder three, so as to ensure that sufficient pressure is generated to clamp and fix the arch frame above the placing plate, thereby realizing the clamping and fixing of arch frames with different widths, and ensuring sufficient clamping force to avoid the situation that the arch frame slides to both sides during the moving process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction vehicles, and particularly relates to a tunnel construction vehicle with convertible construction methods and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel construction, a tunnel construction vehicle is needed to install tunnel arches in the tunnel to support the tunnel, and then concrete is input into the arches.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application with the authorization announcement number CN222207908U discloses a tunnel construction vehicle with variable height, including a vehicle body provided on a vehicle chassis or having a chassis structure, with wing operation platforms provided on both sides of the vehicle body and a top operation platform provided on the vehicle body; the above-mentioned prior art enables the vehicle to have a function of switching between full-section and micro-step construction methods by setting telescopic gantries and fixed platforms, and the fixed platform can also be used for arch assembly under the condition of using an arch hoisting device to hoist arch segments, thereby forming a multi-functional vehicle.

[0004] However, when installing the upper arch, the upper arch needs to be moved to a designated position. During the movement of the arch, the arch may shift. Therefore, a limiting device is used to limit the arch. However, according to the types of tunnels being built, the models and widths of the required arches are also different. When limiting the arch, different models of arches cannot be limited, and when limiting, the arch is only limited by being clamped in, and the arch is mostly arc-shaped, which may cause the arch to slide to both sides. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to address the problems in the background art and propose a tunnel construction vehicle with convertible construction methods and a construction method thereof.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention: A tunnel construction vehicle with convertible construction methods includes a moving mechanism and a lifting unit, and the lifting unit is installed on the moving mechanism for lifting the arch; it further includes:

[0007] A driving mechanism, which is installed on the moving mechanism and has a plate three at its driving end and drives the plate three to move;

[0008] A clamping mechanism, which is provided on the plate three;

[0009] A blowing mechanism, which is provided on the clamping mechanism for blowing away particulate matter at the arch installation location;

[0010] A placing mechanism, which is installed on the plate three for placing the lifted arch;

[0011] The clamping mechanism includes piston assembly a, piston assembly b, control assembly, piston assembly c, rod one, extrusion part, drive slot and limit plate; Piston assembly a is arranged on plate three, and its movable end is connected to rod one which descends as the arch support is placed; Piston assembly b is installed on plate three, and its input end communicates with the output end of piston assembly a. An extrusion part for extruding the movable end of piston assembly b is installed on the drive mechanism; The control assembly is arranged at the output end of piston assembly b, and a drive slot for opening or closing the control assembly is opened on the drive mechanism; Piston assembly c communicates with the output end of piston assembly b, and its movable end is installed with a limit plate for clamping the arch support; When the arch support presses down rod one, the air in piston assembly a enters piston assembly b. Subsequently, the drive mechanism moves, the control assembly walks and opens in the drive slot, the extrusion part extrudes piston assembly b, and the extruded air enters piston assembly c to drive spring three to clamp the arch support.

[0012] Preferably, piston assembly a includes an air inlet valve, cylinder one, spring one, piston part one and an air outlet valve;

[0013] Cylinder one is installed on plate three, and a spring one is installed in its inner cavity. The other end of spring one is connected to piston part one. Rod one is installed on piston part one. Both the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are arranged at the bottom of cylinder one, and the air outlet valve communicates with the input end of piston assembly b.

[0014] Preferably, piston assembly b includes cylinder two, piston part two and a runner;

[0015] Cylinder two is installed on plate three, and its input end communicates with the output end of piston assembly a. The large end of piston part two slides in cylinder two, and its small end penetrates cylinder two to connect the runner. The extrusion part is located on the moving path of the runner; The surface of the extrusion part facing the runner is a slope that gradually changes to a straight surface; After the arch support is placed, the extrusion part pushes the runner to squeeze out the air in cylinder two.

[0016] Preferably, the control assembly includes pipe one, pipe two, spring two, plug part one and moving part;

[0017] Pipe one communicates with the output end of piston assembly b. Pipe two is installed on pipe one. Spring two is installed in pipe two, and its other end is connected to plug part one. Plug part one is located at the connection of pipe two and pipe one; The moving part is connected to plug part one and is located in the drive slot; When plate three moves, it drives the moving part to walk and descend along the drive slot, so that plug part one leaves the connection of pipe one and pipe two.

[0018] Preferably, piston assembly c includes cylinder three, spring three, piston part three and rod two;

[0019] Cylinder three communicates with pipe one. Spring three is installed in cylinder three, and its other end is connected to piston part three; Rod two is installed on piston part three. The vertical section of rod two is a telescopic rod, and its horizontal section is a fixed rod; Rod two is connected to the limit plate; The limit plate fits on the placement mechanism.

[0020] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a second driving guide rail, a moving plate, a first driving device, and a lead screw;

[0021] The second driving guide rail is installed on the moving mechanism. The moving plate is slidably connected to the second driving guide rail, on which the first driving device is installed. The output shaft of the first driving device is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw is threadedly connected to the third plate.

[0022] Preferably, the placing mechanism includes a second driving device, a placing plate, and a fixing plate;

[0023] The third plate is installed with the second driving device, and a rectangular groove for the second driving device to move is provided on the moving plate; the placing plate is arranged on the output shaft of the second driving device, and the fixing plate is installed on one side of the placing plate.

[0024] Preferably, the air blowing mechanism includes a third pipe, a fourth spring, a second blocking part, a pressing block, a telescopic pipe, and a blowing pipe;

[0025] The telescopic pipe is installed at the output end of the piston assembly c. The third pipe is installed on the telescopic pipe. The fourth spring is installed in the third pipe, and the other end thereof is connected to the second blocking part. The large end of the second blocking part is located at the connection of the telescopic pipe and the third pipe. The small end of the second blocking part penetrates the third pipe and is connected to the pressing block, and the pressing block is pressed by the placing plate; the blowing pipe is installed on the limiting plate and inclines towards the limiting plate.

[0026] A construction method for a tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction modes, using the above-mentioned tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction modes, includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. Place the arch frame on the lifting unit. Subsequently, the lifting unit transports the arch frame to the top of the moving mechanism. Then, the moving plate drives the placing mechanism to be located above the arch frame. Subsequently, the lifting unit places the arch frame on the placing mechanism and drives the first rod to descend.

[0028] S2. The descent of the first rod squeezes the air in the piston assembly a into the second cylinder. Then, the driving mechanism drives the third plate to move. At this time, the control component is first opened through the driving groove. Subsequently, the runner is squeezed by the squeezing part, and the air in the inner cavity of the second cylinder is transported to the piston assembly c through the control component.

[0029] S3. The piston assembly c drives the limiting plate to clamp and limit the arch frame on the placing assembly, and the redundant air is compressed in the piston assembly c.

[0030] S4. Subsequently, the driving mechanism and the third plate move simultaneously to transport the arch frame to the designated position. Then, the placing mechanism jacks up the arch frame and installs it at the designated position. At this time, the air blowing mechanism is opened to blow the high-pressure gas in the piston assembly c to the designated position.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions of the present invention have the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] After the driving guide rail drives the lifting frame to lift the arch frame, the moving plate and plate three drive the fixed plate to move under the arch frame. Subsequently, the lifting frame places the arch frame on the placing plate and presses down the rod one. The rod one drives the piston part one to descend in the inner cavity of cylinder one, and squeezes the air in the inner cavity of cylinder one into cylinder two along the air outlet valve. Subsequently, the driving device one is started to drive the screw rod to rotate, thereby driving plate three to move along the axis direction of the screw rod.

[0033] First, the moving part descends along the driving groove, driving the blocking part one to descend, so that cylinder two communicates with cylinder three through pipe one. Then, the rotating wheel moves along the extrusion part. Driven by the extrusion of the extrusion part on the rotating wheel, the piston part two moves in the inner cavity of cylinder two, and squeezes the air in the inner cavity of cylinder two into cylinder three along pipe one, thereby driving the piston part three to move. The piston part three drives the limiting plate through rod two to cooperate with the fixed plate to clamp and fix the arch frame on the placing plate. When the limiting plate clamps the arch frame, the air is compressed in cylinder three, so as to ensure that enough pressure is generated to clamp and fix the arch frame above the placing plate, thus realizing the clamping and fixing of arch frames with different widths and ensuring sufficient clamping force to avoid the situation that the arch frame slides to both sides during the moving process.

[0034] When the placing plate drives the arch frame to move to the designated position, the driving device two is started to drive the placing plate to rise and lift the arch frame. At this time, the placing plate is separated from the pressing block. Subsequently, driven by the elasticity of spring four, the blocking part two rises, so that the compressed air in the inner cavity of cylinder three is blown out from the blowing pipe along the telescopic pipe to the designated installation position on the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby blowing out the arch top loose slag at the designated installation position and avoiding the situation that the loose slag causes a gap between the arch frame and the inner wall of the tunnel, resulting in the arch frame not being under overall stress. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the extrusion part proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of cylinder one proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a connection schematic diagram of cylinder two and spring three proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 Proposed by the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram at A in;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a connection schematic diagram of the blowing pipe and the limiting plate proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 Proposed by the present inventionFigure 6 Enlarged schematic view at position B in the middle;

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic connection diagram of the lead screw and the second plate proposed by the present invention.

[0043] Reference numerals: 1, moving frame; 2, fixed feet; 3, first plate; 4, crawler wheels; 5, second plate; 6, first driving guide rail; 7, lifting frame; 8, intake valve; 9, second driving guide rail; 10, moving plate; 11, first driving device; 12, lead screw; 13, third plate; 14, first cylinder; 15, first spring; 16, first piston part; 17, first rod; 18, exhaust valve; 19, second cylinder; 20, second piston part; 21, runner; 22, extrusion part; 23, first pipe; 24, second pipe; 25, second spring; 26, first blocking part; 27, moving part; 28, driving groove; 29, third cylinder; 30, third spring; 31, third piston part; 32, third pipe; 33, fourth spring; 34, second blocking part; 35, pressing block; 36, telescopic pipe; 37, blowing pipe; 38, second rod; 39, limiting plate; 40, second driving device; 41, placing plate; 42, fixing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In the first embodiment, as Figures 1-8 shown, a tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods proposed by the present invention includes a driving mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a blowing mechanism, a placing mechanism, a moving mechanism, and a lifting unit. The lifting unit is installed on the moving mechanism and is used to lift the arch frame.

[0045] The moving mechanism includes a moving frame 1, fixed feet 2, a first plate 3, crawler wheels 4, and a second plate 5.

[0046] The fixed feet 2 are installed on the moving frame 1, the first plate 3 is installed in the middle of the moving frame 1, the crawler wheels 4 are arranged on the moving frame 1, and the second plate 5 is installed at the top of the moving frame 1.

[0047] The lifting unit includes a first driving guide rail 6 and a lifting frame 7. The first driving guide rail 6 is installed on the first plate 3, and the lifting frame 7 is slidably arranged on the first driving guide rail 6.

[0048] The driving mechanism is installed on the moving mechanism, and a third plate 13 is provided at its driving end to drive the third plate 13 to move;

[0049] The clamping mechanism is arranged on the third plate 13;

[0050] The blowing mechanism is arranged on the clamping mechanism and is used to blow away the particulate matter at the arch frame installation site;

[0051] The placing mechanism is installed on the third plate 13 and is used to place the lifted arch frame;

[0052] In the initial state, the crawler wheel 4 rotates to drive the moving frame 1 to move. When it moves to the specified position, the moving frame 1 drives the fixed feet 2 to contact the ground. Then, the crawler wheel 4 contracts upward, enabling the fixed feet 2 to support the moving frame 1, and the crawler wheel 4 is separated from the ground.

[0053] When the micro-step construction method is adopted, the driving guide rail two 9 drives the moving plate 10 to extend above the plate two 5. At this time, the placing mechanism drives the arch frame away from above the moving frame 1.

[0054] When the full-section construction method is adopted, the driving guide rail two 9 does not drive the moving plate 10 to extend above the plate two 5. After the placing mechanism moves a short distance, the arch frame is directly installed at the specified position.

[0055] The clamping mechanism includes piston assembly a, piston assembly b, control assembly, piston assembly c, rod one 17, extrusion part 22, driving groove 28 and limiting plate 39; Piston assembly a is arranged on the plate three 13, and its movable end is connected with rod one 17 which descends as the arch frame is placed; Piston assembly b is installed on the plate three 13, and its input end communicates with the output end of piston assembly a. An extrusion part 22 for extruding the movable end of piston assembly b is installed on the driving mechanism; The control assembly is arranged at the output end of piston assembly b, and a driving groove 28 for opening or closing the control assembly is opened on the driving mechanism; Piston assembly c communicates with the output end of piston assembly b, and its movable end is installed with a limiting plate 39 for clamping the arch frame; The arch frame presses down rod one 17, enabling the air in piston assembly a to enter piston assembly b. Subsequently, the driving mechanism moves, the control assembly walks in the driving groove 28 to be opened, the extrusion part 22 extrudes piston assembly b, and the extruded air enters piston assembly c to drive the spring three 30 to clamp the arch frame.

[0056] Piston assembly a includes an air inlet valve 8, cylinder one 14, spring one 15, piston part one 16 and an air outlet valve 18;

[0057] Cylinder one 14 is installed on the plate three 13, and its inner cavity is installed with spring one 15. The other end of spring one 15 is connected with piston part one 16. Rod one 17 is installed on piston part one 16. Both the air inlet valve 8 and the air outlet valve 18 are arranged at the bottom of cylinder one 14, and the air outlet valve 18 communicates with the input end of piston assembly b.

[0058] When piston part one 16 descends in the inner cavity of cylinder one 14, the air in the inner cavity of cylinder one 14 is extruded through the air outlet valve 18. When piston part one 16 rises in the inner cavity of cylinder one 14, the external air is drawn into the inner cavity of cylinder one 14 through the air inlet valve 8 for the next use.

[0059] Piston assembly b includes cylinder two 19, piston part two 20 and runner 21;

[0060] The second cylinder 19 is installed on the third plate 13, and its input end communicates with the output end of the piston assembly a. The large end of the second piston part 20 is slidably arranged in the second cylinder 19, and its small end penetrates through the second cylinder 19 to connect to the runner 21. The extrusion part 22 is located on the moving path of the runner 21; the surface of the extrusion part 22 facing the runner 21 is an inclined surface that gradually changes to a straight surface; after the arch support is placed, the extrusion part 22 pushes the runner 21 to squeeze out the air in the second cylinder 19.

[0061] The control assembly includes the first pipe 23, the second pipe 24, the second spring 25, the first blocking part 26 and the moving part 27;

[0062] The first pipe 23 communicates with the output end of the piston assembly b. The second pipe 24 is installed on the first pipe 23. The second spring 25 is installed in the second pipe 24, and its other end is connected to the first blocking part 26. The first blocking part 26 is located at the connection of the second pipe 24 and the first pipe 23; the moving part 27 is connected to the first blocking part 26 and is located in the driving groove 28; when the third plate 13 moves, it drives the moving part 27 to move down along the driving groove 28, so that the first blocking part 26 leaves the connection of the first pipe 23 and the second pipe 24.

[0063] The piston assembly c includes the third cylinder 29, the third spring 30, the third piston part 31 and the second rod 38;

[0064] The third cylinder 29 penetrates through the first pipe 23. The third spring 30 is installed in the third cylinder 29, and its other end is connected to the third piston part 31; the second rod 38 is installed on the third piston part 31. The vertical section of the second rod 38 is a telescopic rod, and its horizontal section is a fixed rod; the second rod 38 is connected to the limiting plate 39; the limiting plate 39 is attached to the placing mechanism.

[0065] The driving mechanism includes the second driving guide rail 9, the moving plate 10, the first driving device 11 and the lead screw 12;

[0066] The second driving guide rail 9 is installed on the moving mechanism. The moving plate 10 is slidably connected to the second driving guide rail 9, and the first driving device 11 is installed on it. The output shaft of the first driving device 11 is connected to the lead screw 12, and the lead screw 12 is threadedly connected to the third plate 13.

[0067] A moving groove is opened in the middle of the moving plate 10. The lead screw 12 is arranged in the moving groove. A threaded ring is arranged below the third plate 13. The third plate 13 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 12 through the threaded ring, and the threaded ring is attached to the inner wall of the moving groove.

[0068] The placing mechanism includes the second driving device 40, the placing plate 41 and the fixing plate 42;

[0069] The third plate 13 installs the second driving device 40. A rectangular groove for the second driving device 40 to move is opened on the moving plate 10; the placing plate 41 is arranged on the output shaft of the second driving device 40, and the fixing plate 42 is installed on one side of the placing plate 41.

[0070] The first rod 17 passes through the placing plate 41. The arch support is lifted to the top by the lifting frame 7. Then, the placing plate 41 moves under the arch support at this time, and the first rod 17 is also located under the arch support. Then, the lifting frame 7 places the arch support downward on the first rod 17, thereby driving the first piston part 16 to descend.

[0071] The first driving device 11 is a servo motor, and the second driving device 40 is a cylinder.

[0072] Embodiment 2, as Figures 1-4 and Figure 6 shown, a tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods proposed by the present invention, the air blowing mechanism includes a third pipe 32, a fourth spring 33, a second blocking part 34, a pressing block 35, a telescopic pipe 36 and a blow pipe 37;

[0073] The telescopic pipe 36 is installed at the output end of the piston assembly c. The third pipe 32 is installed on the telescopic pipe 36. The fourth spring 33 is installed in the third pipe 32, and the other end thereof is connected to the second blocking part 34. The large end of the second blocking part 34 is located at the connection of the telescopic pipe 36 and the third pipe 32. The small end of the second blocking part 34 passes through the third pipe 32 and is connected to the pressing block 35. The pressing block 35 is pressed by the placing plate 41; the blow pipe 37 is installed on the limiting plate 39 and inclines towards the limiting plate 39.

[0074] Embodiment 3, as Figures 1-8 shown, a construction method of a tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods, using the tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods of Embodiment 1, includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Place the arch support on the lifting unit. Subsequently, the lifting unit transports the arch support to the top of the moving mechanism. Then, the moving plate 10 drives the placing mechanism to be above the arch support. Subsequently, the lifting unit places the arch support on the placing mechanism, driving the first rod 17 to descend.

[0076] S2. The descent of the first rod 17 squeezes the air in the piston assembly a into the second cylinder 19. Then, the driving mechanism drives the third plate 13 to move. At this time, the control component is first opened through the driving groove 28. Subsequently, the runner 21 is squeezed by the squeezing part 22, and the air in the inner cavity of the second cylinder 19 is transported to the piston assembly c through the control component.

[0077] S3. The piston assembly c drives the limiting plate 39 to clamp and limit the arch support on the placing assembly, and the excess air is compressed in the piston assembly c.

[0078] S4. Subsequently, the driving mechanism and the third plate 13 move simultaneously to transport the arch support to the designated position. Then, the placing mechanism jacks up the arch support and installs it at the designated position. At this time, the air blowing mechanism is opened, and the high-pressure gas in the piston assembly c is blown out to the designated position.

[0079] In summary, in the present invention, the lifting frame 7 is located at the bottom of the first driving guide rail 6. Then, the arch frame is placed on the lifting frame 7. Next, the first driving guide rail 6 is started to drive the lifting frame 7 to rise to the top. Then, the moving plate 10 moves along the second driving guide rail 9 and cooperates with the first driving device 11 to drive the screw rod 12 to rotate. The screw rod 12 drives the third plate 13 to move, so as to drive the placing plate 41 to be located below the arch frame. Then, the first driving guide rail 6 drives the lifting frame 7 to descend, so that the arch frame falls on the first rod 17, driving the first rod 17 to descend.

[0080] The first rod 17 drives the first piston part 16 to descend inside the inner cavity of the first cylinder 14. Then, the air inside the inner cavity of the first cylinder 14 enters the inner cavity of the second cylinder 19 through the air outlet valve 18 and is temporarily stored. Next, the screw rod 12 is started to drive the third plate 13 to move in the direction away from the first driving device 11. Then, the moving part 27 descends along the driving groove 28. At this time, the elastic force of the second spring 25 drives the first blocking part 26 to descend, so that the first blocking part 26 leaves the connection part of the first pipe 23 and the second pipe 24.

[0081] Next, the third plate 13 drives the second cylinder 19 to move towards the extrusion part 22. At this time, the runner 21 is in contact with the extrusion part 22, and then drives the runner 21 to move towards the second cylinder 19. Thus, the air inside the inner cavity of the second cylinder 19 is squeezed into the inner cavity of the third cylinder 29 along the first pipe 23 through the second piston part 20. Then, the third piston part 31 drives the second rod 38 to move, and then drives the limiting plate 39 to move towards the fixing plate 42 on the placing plate 41 through the second rod 38, clamping and fixing the arch frame. Thus, when the first rod 17 descends, the arch frame is clamped by the limiting plate 39 to prevent the arch frame from not being placed properly.

[0082] Next, the placing plate 41 moves to the designated installation position. Then, the second driving device 40 is started to drive the placing plate 41 to rise, pushing the arch frame upward and installing it at the designated position. At this time, the placing plate 41 is separated from the pressing block 35. Then, the elastic force of the fourth spring 33 drives the second blocking part 34 to rise, so that the second blocking part 34 leaves the connection part of the telescopic pipe 36 and the third pipe 32. The high-pressure air inside the inner cavity of the third cylinder 29 is conveyed to the blow pipe 37 along the telescopic pipe 36, and then the high-pressure gas is blown out from the blow pipe 37 to the installation position on the inner wall of the tunnel, blowing off the loose slag at the arch top of the installation position.

[0083] At this time, the elastic force of the first spring 15 drives the first piston part 16 to rise, and the external air enters the inner cavity of the first cylinder 14 through the intake valve 8.

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods, comprising a moving mechanism and a lifting unit, wherein the lifting unit is installed on the moving mechanism for lifting the arch frame; characterized in that, It further includes: A driving mechanism, which is installed on the moving mechanism and has a plate three (13) provided on its driving end, and drives the plate three (13) to move; A clamping mechanism, which is provided on the plate three (13); A blowing mechanism, which is provided on the clamping mechanism and is used to blow away particulate matters at the installation site of the arch frame; A placing mechanism, which is installed on the plate three (13) and is used to place the lifted arch frame; The clamping mechanism includes a piston assembly a, a piston assembly b, a control assembly, a piston assembly c, a rod one (17), an extrusion part (22), a driving groove (28) and a limiting plate (39); the piston assembly a is provided on the plate three (13), and its movable end is connected with the rod one (17) that descends as the arch frame is placed; the piston assembly b is installed on the plate three (13), and its input end communicates with the output end of the piston assembly a, and an extrusion part (22) for extruding the movable end of the piston assembly b is installed on the driving mechanism; the control assembly is provided at the output end of the piston assembly b, and a driving groove (28) for opening or closing the control assembly is opened on the driving mechanism; the piston assembly c communicates with the output end of the piston assembly b, and its movable end is installed with a limiting plate (39) for clamping the arch frame; when the arch frame presses down the rod one (17), the air in the piston assembly a enters the piston assembly b, and then the driving mechanism moves, the control assembly walks and opens in the driving groove (28), the extrusion part (22) extrudes the piston assembly b, and the extruded air enters the piston assembly c to drive the spring three (30) to clamp the arch frame.

2. The tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston assembly a includes an intake valve (8), a cylinder one (14), a spring one (15), a piston part one (16) and an exhaust valve (18); The cylinder one (14) is installed on the plate three (13), its inner cavity installs the spring one (15), the other end of the spring one (15) is connected with the piston part one (16), the rod one (17) is installed on the piston part one (16), and both the intake valve (8) and the exhaust valve (18) are provided at the bottom of the cylinder one (14), and the exhaust valve (18) communicates with the input end of the piston assembly b.

3. The tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston assembly b includes a cylinder two (19), a piston part two (20) and a runner (21); The cylinder two (19) is installed on the plate three (13), its input end communicates with the output end of the piston assembly a, the large end of the piston part two (20) slides in the cylinder two (19), its small end penetrates the cylinder two (19) and is connected with the runner (21), and the extrusion part (22) is located on the moving path of the runner (21); the surface of the extrusion part (22) facing the runner (21) is a slope that gradually changes to a straight surface; after the arch frame is placed, the extrusion part (22) pushes the runner (21) to squeeze out the air in the cylinder two (19).

4. The tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods according to claim 1, characterized in that The control assembly includes a pipe one (23), a pipe two (24), a spring two (25), a blocking part one (26) and a moving part (27); Pipe 1 (23) is in communication with the output end of piston assembly b. Pipe 2 (24) is installed on Pipe 1 (23). Spring 2 (25) is installed inside Pipe 2 (24), and its other end is connected to plug part 1 (26). Plug part 1 (26) is located at the connection of Pipe 2 (24) and Pipe 1 (23). The moving part (27) is connected to plug part 1 (26) and is located in the driving groove (28). When plate 3 (13) moves, it drives the moving part (27) to move down along the driving groove (28), so that plug part 1 (26) leaves the connection of Pipe 1 (23) and Pipe 2 (24).

5. A tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods according to claim 1, characterized in that, Piston assembly c includes cylinder 3 (29), spring 3 (30), piston part 3 (31) and rod 2 (38); Cylinder 3 (29) penetrates Pipe 1 (23). Spring 3 (30) is installed inside cylinder 3 (29), and its other end is connected to piston part 3 (31). Rod 2 (38) is installed on piston part 3 (31). The vertical section of rod 2 (38) is a telescopic rod, and its horizontal section is a fixed rod. Rod 2 (38) is connected to the limit plate (39). The limit plate (39) fits on the placing mechanism.

6. The tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes driving guide rail 2 (9), moving plate (10), driving device 1 (11) and lead screw (12); Driving guide rail 2 (9) is installed on the moving mechanism. The moving plate (10) is slidably connected to driving guide rail 2 (9). Driving device 1 (11) is installed on it. The output shaft of driving device 1 (11) is connected to the lead screw (12), and the lead screw (12) is threadedly connected to plate 3 (13).

7. The tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods according to claim 6, characterized in that, The placing mechanism includes driving device 2 (40), placing plate (41) and fixing plate (42); Plate 3 (13) installs driving device 2 (40). A rectangular groove for the movement of driving device 2 (40) is opened on the moving plate (10). The placing plate (41) is arranged on the output shaft of driving device 2 (40), and the fixing plate (42) is installed on one side of the placing plate (41).

8. A tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction methods according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air blowing mechanism includes pipe 3 (32), spring 4 (33), plug part 2 (34), pressing block (35), telescopic pipe (36) and air blowing pipe (37); The telescopic pipe (36) is installed at the output end of piston assembly c. Pipe 3 (32) is installed on the telescopic pipe (36). Spring 4 (33) is installed inside pipe 3 (32), and its other end is connected to plug part 2 (34). The large end of plug part 2 (34) is located at the connection of the telescopic pipe (36) and pipe 3 (32). The small end of plug part 2 (34) penetrates pipe 3 (32) and is connected to the pressing block (35). The pressing block (35) is pressed by the placing plate (41). The air blowing pipe (37) is installed on the limit plate (39) and inclines towards the limit plate (39).

9. A construction method for a tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction modes, which uses a tunnel construction jumbo with convertible construction modes as described in claim 3, is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Place the arch on the lifting unit. Then the lifting unit transports the arch to the top of the moving mechanism. Then the moving plate (10) drives the placing mechanism to be above the arch. Then the lifting unit places the arch on the placing mechanism, driving rod 1 (17) to descend; S2. The first rod (17) descends to squeeze the air in the piston assembly a into the second cylinder (19). Then, the driving mechanism drives the third plate (13) to move. At this time, the control assembly is first opened through the driving groove (28). Subsequently, the runner (21) is squeezed by the squeezing part (22), and the air in the inner cavity of the second cylinder (19) is conveyed into the piston assembly c after passing through the control assembly; S3. The piston assembly c drives the limit plate (39) to clamp and limit the arch on the placement assembly, and the excess air is compressed in the piston assembly c; S4. Subsequently, the driving mechanism and the third plate (13) move simultaneously to transport the arch to the designated position. Then, the placement mechanism jacks up the arch and installs it at the designated position. At this time, the air blowing mechanism is turned on, and the high-pressure gas in the piston assembly c is blown out to the designated position.

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