Magnetorheological damper and magnetorheological suspension

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of vehicle vibration reduction technology, and in particular to a magnetorheological damper and a magnetorheological suspension. It comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod, a piston, an excitation coil, a thermoelectric power generation assembly, a DC motor and a stirring assembly. A stepped flow channel is provided inside the piston to extend the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid and increase the output damping force. The temperature difference between the magnetorheological fluid and the piston is converted into electrical energy by the thermoelectric power generation assembly. The stirring assembly comprises a thermodynamic assembly and a plurality of stirring blades. Each stirring blade is connected to the thermodynamic assembly via an adjustment assembly. The thermodynamic assembly is driven to work based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid, and the inclination angle of the stirring blade is adjusted, thereby adaptively adjusting the stirring intensity according to the temperature. The present invention solves the problems of traditional on-board magnetorheological damper anti-settling solutions relying on external power supply, aggravated settlement under high temperature conditions and insufficient damping force through the coordinated design of temperature difference self-powering, adaptive adjustment of stirring intensity and stepped flow channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle vibration reduction, and in particular to a magnetorheological damper and a magnetorheological suspension. Background Art

[0002] Magnetorheological dampers, as the core actuators of a vehicle's semi-active suspension, use an external magnetic field to adjust the apparent viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid in real time, thereby controlling the damping force. Their performance directly impacts the vehicle's ride smoothness and handling stability. However, they face two major technical bottlenecks in actual vehicle operation. First, during slow urban driving or idling, the suspension system operates at low shear rates for extended periods. This causes the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid to gradually settle due to density differences, leading to nonlinear distortion in the damping force output. Second, during continuous braking or rough off-road driving, the magnetorheological fluid's operating temperature rises sharply, causing a sharp drop in carrier fluid viscosity, further accelerating particle settling and causing delays in suspension response. Due to the limited space available in the vehicle chassis, active anti-settling solutions that rely on an external power source require additional power lines, increasing vehicle energy consumption.

[0003] Existing magnetorheological dampers have the following defects:

[0004] 1. Complex structure, high energy consumption and high maintenance cost.

[0005] Second, the magnetorheological fluid has a single flow path, which limits the adjustment range of the damping force;

[0006] 3. It is impossible to achieve efficient disturbance of the bottom area of the magnetorheological fluid according to the sedimentation state of the magnetorheological fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to at least improve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a magnetorheological damper and a magnetorheological suspension.

[0008] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0009] A magnetorheological damper, comprising:

[0010] The cylinder body has a side wall with a cavity;

[0011] Two end covers are installed at both ends of the cylinder body to form a closed cavity with the cylinder body;

[0012] A piston is in close contact with the cylinder body, and a multi-layer stepped flow channel is opened inside the piston;

[0013] a piston rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of which passes through the end cover and extends out of the closed cavity;

[0014] a first floating piston in close contact with the cylinder body, dividing the enclosed cavity into a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber for filling magnetorheological fluid and coolant, respectively; the first floating piston is elastically connected to an end cap away from the piston rod, and the second liquid chamber is in communication with the receiving cavity;

[0015] a temperature difference power generation component, embedded in the first floating piston, and providing different voltages based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid;

[0016] a DC motor, mounted on the surface of the first floating piston and electrically connected to the thermoelectric power generation assembly;

[0017] A stirring assembly is connected to the output shaft of the DC motor and comprises a thermal power assembly and a plurality of stirring blades. Each stirring blade is connected to the thermal power assembly via an adjustment assembly. The thermal power assembly is driven to operate based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby driving the adjustment assembly to adjust the inclination angle of the stirring blade.

[0018] In a possible technical solution, further, the stirring assembly includes:

[0019] Multiple stirring blades;

[0020] A main shaft, coaxially connected to the output shaft of the DC motor;

[0021] a blade connector connected to the main shaft away from the DC motor, wherein a plurality of mounting holes are formed on a side wall of the blade connector;

[0022] A deep groove ball bearing is installed in the mounting hole;

[0023] A blade support is mounted on the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing and is used to connect the mixing blade. A rod is provided on the side wall of the blade support so that the blade support can swing freely around the axis of the mounting hole to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the mixing blade.

[0024] a thermal power assembly fixedly mounted on the main shaft and having a driving portion, which is driven to move based on a temperature difference change of the magnetorheological fluid, wherein the driving portion is a connecting rod support;

[0025] The adjustment component includes a plurality of connection units, each of which is connected to the driving part and the support rod respectively, and is moved by the driving part to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade.

[0026] In a possible technical solution, further, the thermal power component includes:

[0027] A wax storage cylinder is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the main shaft passes through the wax storage cylinder and is connected to the blade connector;

[0028] A push cylinder is nested on the main shaft and slidably matched with the wax storage cylinder. A driving part is provided at the end of the push cylinder away from the wax storage cylinder. The push cylinder, the wax storage cylinder and the main shaft form a closed annular cavity.

[0029] Paraffin is filled in the annular cavity.

[0030] In a possible technical solution, further, the connecting unit is in a stepped shape as a whole, including:

[0031] a first connecting rod, circumferentially mounted on a side surface of the driving portion;

[0032] a second connecting rod connected to an end of the first connecting rod away from the driving portion;

[0033] The third connecting rod is connected to the end of the second connecting rod away from the first connecting rod, and the other end is movably connected to the support rod to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade.

[0034] In a possible technical solution, further, the piston includes:

[0035] Piston body;

[0036] The multi-layer stepped flow channel is opened inside the piston body, wherein each layer of the stepped flow channel comprises a plurality of sub-flow channels distributed at equal angles, and the cross section of each sub-flow channel is an arc groove.

[0037] In a possible technical solution, further, a cavity is formed on the circumference of the piston body;

[0038] The magnetorheological damper further comprises:

[0039] The excitation coil is arranged in the cavity and is used to generate a magnetic field when the excitation coil is energized, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the flow channel forms a chain structure, thereby further increasing the shear stress.

[0040] In a possible technical solution, further, the thermoelectric power generation component includes:

[0041] a plurality of thermoelectric generators having a cold end and a hot end, wherein the cold end is embedded and fixed in the first floating piston;

[0042] a boost circuit module, embedded and fixed in the first floating piston, and electrically connected to the thermoelectric generator sheet and the DC motor;

[0043] A heat conducting plate is fixedly connected to the first floating piston, and the heat conducting plate contacts the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation plate.

[0044] In a possible technical solution, further comprising:

[0045] The second floating piston is located in the cavity and is movably connected to the cylinder body to divide the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. The second cavity is communicated with the second liquid cavity to form a coolant compensation chamber.

[0046] The magnetorheological damper according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. The adaptive stirring component can be used to drive the thermodynamic component to work under the condition of changing temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby driving the adjustment component to adjust the inclination angle of the stirring blade, dynamically enhancing the stirring intensity of the stirring component and realizing adaptive adjustment of the stirring intensity. At the same time, it can effectively prevent the magnetic particles of the magnetorheological damper from settling in a high-temperature working environment, thereby improving the long-term working stability of the damper.

[0048] Second, the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid can be converted into electrical energy through a thermoelectric power generation component, providing power to drive a DC motor and achieving continuous stirring of the magnetorheological fluid. Furthermore, the present invention incorporates a coolant compensation chamber within the cylinder wall, separating the pre-pressurized nitrogen and coolant chambers via a second floating piston, creating a dynamic contact maintenance mechanism. When the first floating piston undergoes axial displacement due to damper vibration, the pre-pressurized nitrogen pushes the second floating piston to move synchronously, ensuring that the coolant always fills the second chamber. This ensures that the first floating piston's sheet-like heat dissipation structure is completely immersed in the coolant, thereby forcing the temperature of the thermoelectric power generation sheet's cold end to decrease. This temperature-differential-driven, on-board, anti-settling magnetorheological damper requires no external power source and can achieve self-powered stirring in a compact structure.

[0049] 3. The stepped flow channel inside the piston extends the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid and increases the working area of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the damping gap. Combined with the aforementioned magnetorheological fluid anti-settling function, it effectively prevents the magnetorheological fluid from clogging in the curved damping gap, increases the output damping force under a fixed magnetic field, and can be used to improve vehicle stability.

[0050] A magnetorheological suspension comprises the magnetorheological damper mentioned above.

[0051] A vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises the magnetorheological suspension as described above.

[0052] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0054] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is a top view of a piston of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a thermoelectric power generation assembly of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a first floating piston of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring assembly of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the movement of a stirring assembly of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermodynamic component of a stirring component of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of part A.

[0062] Reference numerals:

[0063] Cylinder 1;

[0064] Spring 20, first end cover 21, first O-ring 211, second end cover 22;

[0065] Piston 3, stepped flow channel 31;

[0066] Piston rod 4;

[0067] First floating piston 5, motor groove 51;

[0068] Thermoelectric power generation sheet 61, boost circuit module 62, heat conducting sheet 63;

[0069] DC motor 7;

[0070] Mixing blade 81, main shaft 82, connecting rod support 821, blade connector 83, mounting hole 831, deep groove ball bearing 84, blade support 85, support rod 851, wax storage cylinder 861, set screw 8610, push cylinder 862, paraffin wax 863, first connecting rod 871, second connecting rod 872, third connecting rod 873, plum blossom coupling 88;

[0071] Excitation coil 9;

[0072] Second floating piston 10 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0074] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed to” another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0076] In the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a list of steps or elements may be included, or alternatively, steps or elements not listed may be included, or other steps or elements may be included that are inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0077] Only portions relevant to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them. Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flow charts. Although the flow charts describe the various operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the various operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operations are completed, but can also have additional steps not included in the accompanying drawings. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0078] As used in this specification, the terms "component," "module," "system," "unit," and the like are used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a unit can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these units can be executed from various computer-readable media having various data structures stored thereon. Units can communicate, for example, via local and / or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from a second unit interacting with another unit in a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network, such as the Internet, which interacts with other systems via signals).

[0079] Comparative Example

[0080] A magnetorheological damper uses a motor-driven stirring blade inside the damper to periodically stir the magnetorheological fluid to delay sedimentation. This solution relies on an external power supply and has drawbacks such as high energy consumption, complex structure, and high maintenance costs.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a magnetorheological damper, which includes: a cylinder body 1, a side wall of which is provided with a cavity. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 is axially spaced apart with an upper annular limit protrusion and a lower annular limit protrusion, wherein the upper annular limit protrusion corresponds to the maximum stroke limit position of the piston 3, and the lower annular limit protrusion limits the maximum stroke limit position of the first floating piston 5.

[0083] Two end covers are installed at both ends of the cylinder body 1 to form a closed cavity with the cylinder body 1, wherein the cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity that are interconnected;

[0084] The piston 3 is located in the first cavity and is in close contact with the cylinder 1. Two layers of stepped flow channels 31 are circumferentially formed inside the piston 3.

[0085] The piston rod 4 is fixedly connected to the piston 3 at one end, and passes through the end cover and extends out of the first cavity at the other end. In this embodiment, the piston rod 4 is connected to the upper lifting ear, wherein the upper lifting ear is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the top end of the piston rod 4 is processed with an external thread, and the two are connected by threaded cooperation; an axially through-going excitation coil channel is provided inside the piston rod 4 for arranging the terminal of the excitation coil 9.

[0086] A first floating piston 5 is located in the second cavity and is in close contact with the cylinder body 1. The first floating piston 5 is elastically connected to the end cap away from the piston rod 4 to form an axial buffer compensation, dividing the second cavity into a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber for filling magnetorheological fluid and coolant, respectively. The second liquid chamber communicates with the receiving cavity. In this embodiment, the first floating piston 5 is connected to the end cap away from the piston rod 4 via a spring 20.

[0087] a temperature difference power generation component, embedded in the first floating piston 5 near the first cavity, and providing different voltages based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid;

[0088] a DC motor 7 mounted on the surface of the first floating piston 5 near the first cavity and electrically connected to the thermoelectric power generation assembly. In this embodiment, the DC motor 7 is fixed to the surface of the first floating piston 5 by slotted cylindrical head screws;

[0089] The stirring assembly is connected to the output shaft of the DC motor 7 and comprises a thermal power assembly and a plurality of stirring blades 81. Each stirring blade 81 is connected to the thermal power assembly via an adjustment assembly. The thermal power assembly is driven to operate based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby driving the adjustment assembly to adjust the inclination angle of the stirring blade 81.

[0090] It should be noted that the end cover includes:

[0091] A first end cap 21 is fixed to the cylinder body 1 by slotted cylindrical head screws. The first end cap 21 has a circular through hole for the piston rod 4 to pass through, and has a clearance fit with the outer surface of the piston rod 4. A first O-ring 211 is provided between the first end cap 21 and the piston rod 4;

[0092] The second end cover 22 is fixed to the cylinder body 1 by slotted cylindrical head screws. The bottom of the second end cover 22 is processed with external threads and is threadedly connected to the lower lifting ear;

[0093] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a magnetorheological damper according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the piston 3 includes:

[0094] The piston body has a square notch on its end face for the excitation coil 9 to pass through. A circular through hole is provided in the center of the piston body, which is clearance-matched with the piston rod 4. The axial position of the piston body is fixed by the shoulder of the piston rod 4 and the fastening nut.

[0095] Two layers of stepped flow channels 31 are opened inside the piston body, wherein each layer of stepped flow channel 31 comprises a plurality of sub-flow channels distributed at equal angles, and the cross section of each sub-flow channel is a 30° arc transition notch structure, such as Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a top view of a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, each layer of the stepped flow channel 31 includes six sub-flow channels, and the central angle of the arc length between each sub-flow channel is 30°, which facilitates extending the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid and increasing the working area of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the damping gap.

[0096] It should be noted that a cavity is provided on the circumference of the piston body;

[0097] The magnetorheological damper further comprises:

[0098] The excitation coil 9 is arranged in the mold cavity and is used to generate a magnetic field when the excitation coil is energized, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the flow channel forms a chain structure, thereby further increasing the shear stress.

[0099] It should be noted that a second O-ring is provided between the piston 3 and the first floating piston 5 and the cylinder 1 to ensure dynamic sealing between each piston and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 .

[0100] It should be noted that a groove is provided on the surface of the first floating piston 5, and a motor groove 51 is provided on the first floating piston 5 located at the center of the groove for installing a DC motor, wherein the surface of the first floating piston 5 located at the center of the groove is also provided with multiple grooves for embedding some components of the thermoelectric power generation component.

[0101] like Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the first floating piston of an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the surface of the first floating piston 5 away from the piston 3 is processed with a radially distributed sheet heat dissipation structure, and the sheet heat dissipation structure is continuously immersed in the coolant to reduce the cold end temperature of the thermoelectric power generation component of the thermoelectric power generation sheet, increase the temperature difference between the two surface ends of the thermoelectric power generation component, and improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0102] like Figure 3 FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a thermoelectric power generation assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the thermoelectric power generation assembly includes:

[0103] A plurality of thermoelectric generating sheets 61 having a cold end and a hot end, wherein the cold end is embedded and fixed in the first floating piston 5;

[0104] A boost circuit module 62 is embedded and fixed in the first floating piston 5 and is electrically connected to the thermoelectric power generation sheet 61 and the DC motor 7;

[0105] The heat conducting sheet 63 is fixedly connected to the first floating piston 5 by a slotted cylindrical head screw. The heat conducting sheet 63 contacts the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 61. In this embodiment, the heat conducting sheet 63 is a heat conducting copper sheet.

[0106] When the magnetorheological fluid heats up, the heat conducting sheet 63 conducts heat to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 61 . Based on the temperature difference change of the magnetorheological fluid, voltages of different magnitudes are generated on the thermoelectric power generation sheet. After being boosted by the boost circuit module 62 , they are used to power the DC motor 7 .

[0107] like Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the stirring assembly includes:

[0108] a plurality of stirring blades 81;

[0109] The main shaft 82 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the DC motor 7. In this embodiment, the main shaft 82 and the output shaft of the DC motor 7 are fixedly connected via a plum blossom coupling 88.

[0110] The blade connector 83 is connected to the main shaft 82 away from the DC motor 7 through a thread, and the side wall of the blade connector 83 has four mounting holes 831 evenly distributed around the circumference;

[0111] A deep groove ball bearing 84 is interference-fitted into the mounting hole 831;

[0112] The blade support 85 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 84 and is used to connect the mixing blade 81. A support rod 851 is provided on the side wall of the blade support 85, so that the blade support 85 can swing freely around the axis of the mounting hole 831 to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the mixing blade 81;

[0113] The thermodynamic assembly is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 82 and has a driving unit that is driven to move based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid. In this embodiment, the driving unit is a connecting rod support 821, which is generally circular. The connecting rod support 821 has four extending rods distributed at 90 degrees around the circumference, and the extending rods are respectively hinged to one end of the first connecting rod 871;

[0114] The adjustment component includes a plurality of connection units, each of which is connected to the driving portion and the support rod 851 respectively, and is moved by the driving portion to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade 81.

[0115] It should be noted that the connecting unit is in a stepped shape as a whole, and includes:

[0116] A first connecting rod 871 is circumferentially mounted on the side surface of the driving portion. Specifically, the first connecting rod 871 is connected and fixed to the side surface of the driving portion via a short rod;

[0117] A second connecting rod 872 is connected to the end of the first connecting rod 871 away from the driving portion. In this embodiment, the second connecting rod 872 is hinged to the first connecting rod 871 and has a hinge point;

[0118] The third connecting rod 873 is connected to the end of the second connecting rod 872 away from the first connecting rod 871 , and the other end is movably connected to the support rod 851 to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade 81 .

[0119] like Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal power assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the thermal power assembly includes:

[0120] The wax storage cylinder 861 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 82 via a set screw 8610. The main shaft 82 passes through the wax storage cylinder 861 and is connected to the blade connector 83.

[0121] The push cylinder 862 is nested on the main shaft 82 and slidably cooperates with the wax storage cylinder 861. The end of the push cylinder 862 away from the wax storage cylinder 861 is provided with a driving portion. The push cylinder 862, the wax storage cylinder 861 and the main shaft 82 form a closed annular cavity.

[0122] Paraffin 863 is filled in the annular cavity, wherein the paraffin 863 is a high expansion coefficient paraffin. Based on the temperature increase of the magnetorheological fluid, the paraffin 863 expands and pushes the push cylinder 862 and its driving part to move in a direction away from the wax storage cylinder 861, thereby pushing the adjustment component to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade 81.

[0123] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the driving portion may not be connected to the end of the push cylinder 862, and the two are in contact with each other. The driving portion is connected to the first connecting rod 871, which can increase the angle adjustment flexibility of this embodiment.

[0124] It should be noted that this embodiment also includes:

[0125] The second floating piston 10 is located in the cavity and is movably connected to the cylinder body 1 to separate the cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. The second cavity is communicated with the second liquid cavity to form a coolant compensation chamber.

[0126] It should be noted that a third O-ring is provided between the second floating piston 10 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 to ensure dynamic sealing between the second floating piston 10 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 .

[0127] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0128] When the damper operates, the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the first cavity rises. This heat is transferred to the hot end of the thermoelectric generator plate 61 through the heat conducting plate 63 on the end face of the first floating piston 5, forming a cold end on the surface in contact with the first floating piston 5. The sheet-like heat dissipation structure of the first floating piston 5 is continuously immersed in the coolant, reducing the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric generator plate 61. This increases the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends of the thermoelectric generator plate 61, thereby improving the thermoelectric conversion efficiency. The electrical energy output by the thermoelectric generator plate 61 drives the DC motor 7 through the boost circuit module 62, achieving self-power supply. The DC motor 7 rotates the main shaft 82 through the plum blossom coupling 88, which in turn drives the stirring blade 81, applying continuous mechanical disturbance to the magnetorheological fluid in the second cavity to inhibit particle settling.

[0129] When the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid further increases, the paraffin 863 in the wax storage cylinder 861 expands due to the heat, driving the push cylinder 862 to cause the connecting rod support 821 and the first connecting rod 871 to move vertically. The upward movement of the first connecting rod 871 causes the second connecting rod 872 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge point, synchronously driving the third connecting rod 873 to move upward; this composite movement forces the extension rod of the blade support 85 to produce a counterclockwise deflection, thereby adjusting the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade 81 from the initial 20° to 45°, and realizing adaptive temperature adjustment of the stirring intensity without an external control unit.

[0130] The double-layer stepped flow channel 31 inside the piston 3 extends the flow path. When the excitation coil 9 is energized, the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 9 causes the magnetorheological fluid in the stepped flow channel 31 to form a chain structure, further increasing the shear stress.

[0131] This embodiment establishes a self-regulating mechanism based on temperature difference changes:

[0132] When the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid increases, the output voltage of the thermoelectric generator 61 increases, driving the DC motor 7 to increase its speed. At the same time, the wax 863 expands due to heat, increasing the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade 81 and enhancing the mixing effect of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0133] During the stage of decreasing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid, the output voltage of the thermoelectric generator 61 decreases, so that the DC motor 7 keeps running at a low speed. Meanwhile, the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade 81 is automatically reduced due to the contraction of the paraffin 863.

[0134] The magnetorheological damper according to the present invention can solve the technical defects of traditional magnetorheological dampers such as increased high-temperature sedimentation and insufficient damping force, and reduce the dependence of anti-settling magnetorheological dampers on external power supplies. The present invention achieves the goal of increasing damping force and self-energy while preventing magnetic particles from settling in the magnetorheological fluid at the bottom of the damper through the coordinated design of temperature difference self-power supply, adaptive adjustment of stirring intensity and stepped flow channels.

[0135] The magnetorheological damper according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0136] 1. The adaptive stirring component can be used to drive the thermodynamic component to work under the condition of changing temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby driving the adjustment component to adjust the inclination angle of the stirring blade, dynamically enhancing the stirring intensity of the stirring component and realizing adaptive adjustment of the stirring intensity. At the same time, it can effectively prevent the magnetic particles of the magnetorheological damper from settling in a high-temperature working environment, thereby improving the long-term working stability of the damper.

[0137] Second, the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid can be converted into electrical energy through a thermoelectric power generation component, providing power to drive a DC motor and achieving continuous stirring of the magnetorheological fluid. Furthermore, the present invention incorporates a coolant compensation chamber within the cylinder wall, separating the pre-pressurized nitrogen and coolant chambers via a second floating piston, creating a dynamic contact maintenance mechanism. When the first floating piston undergoes axial displacement due to damper vibration, the pre-pressurized nitrogen pushes the second floating piston to move synchronously, ensuring that the coolant always fills the second chamber. This ensures that the first floating piston's sheet-like heat dissipation structure is completely immersed in the coolant, thereby forcing the temperature of the thermoelectric power generation sheet's cold end to decrease. This temperature-differential-driven, on-board, anti-settling magnetorheological damper requires no external power source and can achieve self-powered stirring in a compact structure.

[0138] 3. The stepped flow channel inside the piston extends the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid and increases the working area of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the damping gap. Combined with the aforementioned magnetorheological fluid anti-settling function, it effectively prevents the magnetorheological fluid from clogging in the curved damping gap, increases the output damping force under a fixed magnetic field, and can be used to improve vehicle stability.

[0139] Example 2

[0140] This embodiment provides a magnetorheological suspension, which includes the above-mentioned magnetorheological damper.

[0141] Example 3

[0142] This embodiment provides a vehicle, wherein the vehicle includes the magnetorheological suspension as described above.

[0143] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the invention.

[0144] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0145] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Mentioning "embodiment" in this article means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present embodiment application. The appearance of this phrase in various positions in the specification does not necessarily mean that they are all the same embodiments, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It can be understood explicitly and implicitly by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0146] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological damper, characterized in that: include: The cylinder body (1) has a side wall provided with a cavity; Two end covers are mounted on both ends of the cylinder body (1) to form a closed cavity with the cylinder body (1); A piston (3) is in close contact with the cylinder (1), and a multi-layer stepped flow channel (31) is provided inside the piston (3); A piston rod (4), one end of which is fixedly connected to the piston (3), and the other end of which passes through the end cover and extends out of the closed cavity; A first floating piston (5) is in close contact with the cylinder body (1) to separate the closed cavity into a first liquid cavity and a second liquid cavity, wherein the first liquid cavity is used to be filled with magnetorheological fluid and the second liquid cavity is used to be filled with cooling liquid. The first floating piston (5) is elastically connected to an end cover away from the piston rod (4), and the second liquid cavity is in communication with the accommodating cavity; A temperature difference power generation component is embedded in the first floating piston (5) and provides different voltages based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid; A DC motor (7) is mounted on the surface of the first floating piston (5) and is electrically connected to the thermoelectric power generation assembly; A stirring assembly is connected to the output shaft of the DC motor (7), and comprises a thermal power assembly and a plurality of stirring blades (81). Each stirring blade (81) is connected to the thermal power assembly via an adjustment assembly. The thermal power assembly is driven to operate based on the temperature difference of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby driving the adjustment assembly to adjust the inclination angle of the stirring blade (81). The stirring assembly comprises: a plurality of stirring blades (81); A main shaft (82) is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the DC motor (7); A blade connector (83) is connected to the main shaft (82), and a side wall of the blade connector (83) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (831); A deep groove ball bearing (84) is mounted in the mounting hole (831); A blade support (85) is mounted on the deep groove ball bearing (84) and is used to connect the stirring blade (81). A support rod (851) is provided on the side wall of the blade support (85); A thermal power assembly is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (82), comprising: A wax storage cylinder (861) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (82), and the main shaft (82) passes through the wax storage cylinder (861) and is connected to the blade connector (83); A push cylinder (862) is nested on the main shaft (82) and is in sliding cooperation with the wax storage cylinder (861). A driving portion is provided at the end of the push cylinder (862). The push cylinder (862), the wax storage cylinder (861) and the main shaft (82) form a closed annular cavity. Paraffin (863), filled in the annular cavity; an adjustment component comprising a plurality of connection units, each connection unit being connected to the driving portion and the support rod (851) respectively, and being moved by the driving portion to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade (81); A second floating piston (10) is located in the cavity and is movably connected to the cylinder body (1) to form a coolant compensation chamber.

2. The magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that The connecting unit includes: A first connecting rod (871) is mounted on the surface of the driving portion; A second connecting rod (872) is mounted on the first connecting rod (871); The third connecting rod (873) is mounted on the second connecting rod (872) and is movably connected to the support rod (851) to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the stirring blade (81).

3. The magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (3) comprises: A piston body, wherein a cavity is formed on the circumference of the piston body; A multi-layer stepped flow channel (31) is provided inside the piston body, wherein each layer of the stepped flow channel (31) comprises a plurality of spaced-apart sub-flow channels, and the cross section of each sub-flow channel is an arc notch; The magnetorheological damper further comprises: An excitation coil (9) is arranged in the cavity.

4. The magnetorheological damper according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermoelectric power generation component includes: A plurality of thermoelectric generating sheets (61) having a cold end and a hot end, wherein the cold end is embedded in the first floating piston (5); A boost circuit module (62) is embedded in the first floating piston (5) and is electrically connected to the thermoelectric generator (61) and the DC motor (7); A heat conducting plate (63) is fixedly connected to the first floating piston (5), and the heat conducting plate (63) is in contact with the hot end.

5. A magnetorheological suspension, characterized in that: The magnetorheological damper comprises the magnetorheological damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes the magnetorheological suspension according to claim 5 .

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