Combined heat and power generation energy storage and supply device based on PVT double-source heat pump and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined heat and power generation energy storage and supply device based on a PVT double-source heat pump and an operation method, and relates to the technical field of heat pumps and energy storage. The PVT module, the water tank, the air-cooled evaporator, the gas-liquid separator, the direct-current inverter compressor and the electronic expansion valve form a heat pump loop, and double-source utilization of solar photo-thermal and air source heat energy is achieved; the phase change heat storage tank, the storage battery, the electromagnet and the circulating delay relay form a thermoelectric energy storage loop, the phase change unit is driven to rotate and fluctuate through a dynamic magnetic field, and the heat exchange efficiency is enhanced. The irradiator, the current and voltage detection module and the temperature sensor monitor the running state of the system in real time, and the rotating speed of the compressor, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the working period of the cyclic delay relay are regulated and controlled through the controller, so that efficient storage and dynamic release of energy in the combined heat and power generation process are achieved. Heat energy and electric energy can be flexibly provided according to user requirements, and the system operation efficiency and the energy comprehensive utilization rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of heat pump technology and energy storage technology, and particularly relates to a cogeneration energy storage and supply device and an operation method based on a PVT dual-source heat pump. Background Art

[0002] Due to its high-efficiency energy conversion characteristics, heat pump technology has been widely used in fields such as heating, refrigeration, and hot water supply. Traditional air-source heat pump systems convert low-grade heat energy in the air into high-grade heat energy by consuming a small amount of electric energy. However, the operating efficiency of such systems decreases significantly in cold environments, and the heating capacity is limited. At the same time, their high dependence on external electric energy increases the energy cost and limits the overall economy and applicability of the system.

[0003] Photovoltaic thermal (PVT) technology combines solar cells with collectors and can simultaneously achieve photovoltaic and photothermal conversion, which is a clean and efficient energy utilization method. However, existing PVT systems still mainly rely on static heat exchange during the heat storage process, with low heat transfer efficiency, limited heat storage and heat release rates. Especially when the heat exchange area is fixed, the local heat distribution is uneven, affecting the full utilization of the latent heat of phase change materials. Traditional static heat exchange technology is difficult to meet the dynamic heat load demand and has become the key bottleneck restricting the improvement of the overall performance of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of low heat exchange efficiency, high energy consumption, and poor operating stability under insufficient light in existing PVT cogeneration devices, and to provide a cogeneration energy storage and supply device and an operation method based on a PVT dual-source heat pump. The device of the present invention drives the phase change heat storage unit through a dynamic magnetic field to achieve up-and-down fluctuation and rotational motion, and cooperates with spiral fins to optimize the heat exchange process, significantly improving the heat storage and heat release efficiency, and at the same time enhancing the operating stability and reliability of the system under complex working conditions.

[0005] The specific technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cogeneration energy storage and supply device based on a PVT dual-source heat pump, including a PVT system, a heat pump system, and a phase change hot water storage tank;

[0007] The PVT system includes a PVT module, a throttle valve, a water tank, and a circulation water pump that are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a circulating water circuit; the excess electric energy generated by the PVT module is sequentially connected to a solar MPPT controller, a first DC-DC power module, a second DC-DC power module, and a bidirectional DC-DC converter through a circuit and stored in a storage battery, and the storage battery can supply power to the device when there is insufficient light or low power demand.

[0008] The heat pump system includes a DC variable-frequency compressor, a condenser, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, an air-cooled evaporator and a gas-liquid separator which are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a circulating refrigeration circuit; the evaporator is located inside the water tank, and a fan for heating is arranged outside the air-cooled evaporator;

[0009] A first electromagnet and a second electromagnet are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the phase change heat storage water tank; both the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are separated from the reaction zone in the middle of the phase change heat storage water tank through a baffle, and are sequentially connected to an AC power supply and a circulating delay relay through circuits; the condenser is installed below the reaction zone, and a plurality of phase change heat storage units are arranged above the reaction zone; the main body of the phase change heat storage unit is made of non-magnetic material, permanent magnets are respectively arranged at the top and bottom, and spiral fins are arranged on the outer periphery; by controlling the intermittent power supply of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet through the circulating delay relay, a dynamic magnetic field is formed, which interacts with the permanent magnets at both ends to drive the phase change heat storage unit to perform a composite motion of up and down fluctuation and left and right rotation in the reaction zone to strengthen heat exchange.

[0010] Preferably, a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor are arranged on the pipeline connecting the PVT module and the throttle valve, and a second temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor are arranged on the pipeline connecting the circulating water pump and the PVT module.

[0011] Preferably, the solar MPPT controller is also connected to an inverter through a circuit to convert direct current into alternating current and transmit it to the power grid through the alternating current output terminal.

[0012] Preferably, the outlet of the air-cooled evaporator extends into the bottom of the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the upper gas area of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the DC variable-frequency compressor through a pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are horizontally arranged and respectively completely cover the cross-section of the inner cavity of the phase change heat storage water tank where they are located.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of vertical cylindrical flow dividing frames are arranged above the reaction zone, and a plurality of cylindrical phase change heat storage units are arranged inside the flow dividing frames from top to bottom, and the phase change heat storage units can move up and down and rotate inside the flow dividing frames.

[0015] Preferably, a phase change water tank inlet and a phase change water tank outlet are respectively opened on the side wall of the phase change heat storage water tank where the reaction zone is located, and a fourth temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor are respectively arranged at the phase change water tank inlet and the phase change water tank outlet.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a control module; an irradiator and an ambient temperature sensor are provided on the control module, and by receiving the signals of the irradiator, the ambient temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor in real time, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, the rotational speed of the DC variable frequency compressor, the start and stop of the fan in the air-cooled evaporator, and the power supply cycle and magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are dynamically regulated.

[0017] Preferably, the first DC-DC power module is used to transform the direct current output by the solar MPPT controller and directly supply power to the electrical components; the second DC-DC power module is used to further transform the current output by the first DC-DC power module and supply power to the control module.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an operation method of a cogeneration energy storage and supply device based on a PVT dual-source heat pump according to any one of the first aspects, specifically as follows:

[0019] The ambient light intensity and temperature are detected by the irradiator and the ambient temperature sensor. When the light intensity and temperature meet the set values, the PVT module is started for photovoltaic and photothermal conversion;

[0020] S1: During the photothermal conversion process, the excess heat generated by the PVT module is stored in the water tank after passing through the throttle valve, and then the cold water heat-exchanged with the refrigerant in the evaporator is re-transported to the PVT module for heating by the circulating water pump; the DC variable frequency compressor compresses the refrigerant gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is first sent to the condenser for condensation and heat release, and then throttled by the electronic expansion valve, and then introduced into the evaporator to exchange heat with the high-temperature water in the water tank; if the refrigerant after evaporation and heat absorption reaches the predetermined temperature, the fan of the air-cooled evaporator is turned off, and the refrigerant liquid flows through the air-cooled evaporator and then enters the gas-liquid separator; if the refrigerant after evaporation and heat absorption does not reach the predetermined temperature, the fan of the air-cooled evaporator is turned on, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside air in the air-cooled evaporator to reach the predetermined temperature; the refrigerant after reaching the predetermined temperature undergoes gas-liquid separation through the gas-liquid separator, and the separated gas re-enters the DC variable frequency compressor for compression to start the next cycle;

[0021] The intermittent power supply of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet is controlled by a cycle delay relay to form a dynamic magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnets at the upper and lower ends of the phase change heat storage unit to drive the phase change heat storage unit to perform a composite motion of up and down fluctuation and left and right rotation in the reaction zone to enhance heat transfer; at the same time, the spiral fins can effectively destroy the laminar state of the heat transfer working medium during the movement process, significantly enhance the dynamic heat transfer performance of the reaction zone, and thus greatly improve the heat transfer efficiency;

[0022] The control module dynamically regulates the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, the rotational speed of the DC variable-frequency compressor, the start and stop of the fan in the air-cooled evaporator, and the power supply cycle and magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet by receiving the signals of the irradiator, the ambient temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor in real time, so as to adjust the operating state of the loop;

[0023] When the heat storage is completed or the internal temperature of the phase change heat storage water tank reaches the set value, the device enters the standby mode, and the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet stop working to reduce energy consumption;

[0024] S2: During the photoelectric conversion process, the excess electric energy generated by the PVT module is stored in the storage battery after passing through the solar MPPT controller, the first DC-DC power module, the second DC-DC power module and the bidirectional DC-DC converter in sequence;

[0025] When the light is insufficient or the power consumption demand is low, the device switches to the battery power supply mode, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter is used to supply power to the device to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) In the device of the present invention, the phase change heat storage unit can realize up-and-down fluctuation and left-and-right rotation under the action of the dynamic magnetic field generated by the electromagnet. Combined with the action of the spiral-shaped outer fins, the heat transfer efficiency of the phase change heat storage unit is significantly improved during the heat storage and heat release processes. Specifically, the dynamic movement makes the heat transfer working medium around the phase change heat storage unit change from the laminar flow state to the local turbulent flow state, thereby strengthening the external heat transfer; at the same time, the phase change material inside the phase change heat storage unit changes from the heat conduction mode to the forced convection mode, further increasing the heat transfer coefficient. During the heat release process, this design is particularly suitable for inorganic salt phase change materials, which can effectively avoid phase separation and supercooling phenomena caused by precipitation, and improve the stability and thermal energy utilization efficiency of the system;

[0028] (2) The present invention adopts the design of arranging the condenser (i.e., the condensation coil) at the bottom of the phase change heat storage water tank, forming a complementary structure with the solar thermal renewable energy system. The system realizes stable heat supply when the solar thermal conditions are insufficient through the dual-source synergistic action of solar thermal energy and air source thermal energy, and uses the ambient or low-grade heat source for auxiliary heating. The condensation coil combines natural convection to strengthen heat transfer, making the internal temperature of the phase change heat storage water tank uniform. The system adjusts the rotational speed of the DC variable-frequency compressor, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve and the working cycle of the electromagnet (including the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet) in real time through the intelligent control module, and flexibly outputs thermal energy and electric energy to meet the combined heat and power supply requirements in different scenarios;

[0029] (3) The present invention requires no external electrical energy input. With the support of a battery and a dynamic magnetic field, it realizes a low-energy consumption operation mode. The dynamic magnetic field driving technology not only enhances the heat transfer efficiency of the heat storage and heat release processes but also significantly improves the adaptability of the heat storage device to complex operating conditions. It is applicable to a variety of complex environments and dynamic load demand scenarios and has broad application prospects. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of the phase change heat storage unit;

[0032] The reference numerals in the figure are: PVT module 1, water tank 2, air-cooled evaporator 3, gas-liquid separator 4, DC variable frequency compressor 5, circulating water pump 6, fan 7, electronic expansion valve 8, throttle valve 9, evaporator 10, first temperature sensor 11, first pressure sensor 12, second temperature sensor 13, second pressure sensor 14, solar MPPT controller 15, battery 16, inverter 17, first DC-DC power module 18, second DC-DC power module 19, control module 20, irradiance meter 21, ambient temperature sensor 22, phase change heat storage water tank 23, first electromagnet 24, phase change heat storage unit 25, permanent magnet 26, spiral fin 27, shunt frame 28, condenser 29, second electromagnet 30, phase change water tank inlet 31, phase change water tank outlet 32, AC power supply 33, circulating delay relay 34, AC power output terminal 35, baffle 36, third temperature sensor 37, fourth temperature sensor 38, bidirectional DC-DC converter 39. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The following further elaborates and explains the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. The technical features of each embodiment in the present invention can be combined accordingly without conflict.

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below. However, the following examples are merely brief examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is subject to the claims.

[0035] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the descriptions of "high temperature", "high pressure", etc. are only for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, referring to "high temperature", "high pressure", etc. relatively in the same system, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the temperature or pressure limitation of the indicated technical features.

[0038] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention necessarily includes necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump devices for realizing the integrity of the process, but the above contents do not belong to the main inventive points of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add and arrange them by themselves based on the process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make special requirements and specific limitations on this.

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a cogeneration energy storage and supply device based on a PVT dual-source heat pump, which mainly includes a PVT system, a heat pump system and a phase change heat storage water tank 23. The present invention innovatively introduces a dynamic magnetic field driving technology. Through the cooperation of an electromagnet and a permanent magnet, the phase change unit is driven to realize a composite motion of up-and-down fluctuation and left-and-right rotation, and the heat transfer area and heat transfer rate are further enhanced in combination with spiral fins. Compared with the traditional static heat storage method, this technology effectively overcomes the defects of uneven heat distribution and low heat transfer rate, and realizes efficient heat storage and dynamic release. In combination with the PVT dual-source heat pump system, by utilizing the synergistic effect of solar thermal energy and air source thermal energy, the present invention significantly improves the comprehensive energy utilization rate and environmental adaptability of the system, and provides an efficient solution for the cogeneration demand in multiple scenarios.

[0040] Among them, the PVT module 1 is used to achieve the efficient utilization of solar photovoltaic and solar thermal energy; the water tank 2 is used to store the excess heat on the PVT side, which is recovered by the evaporator 10 of the heat pump system and further heated to meet the heat demand of users; the air-cooled evaporator 3 and the gas-liquid separator 4 are used to form a stable heat pump working circuit; the DC variable-frequency compressor 5 and the electronic expansion valve 8 control the system performance by adjusting the compression ratio and flow rate; the phase-change heat storage water tank 23 includes a plurality of phase-change heat storage units 25, and the phase-change heat storage units are provided with permanent magnets 26 at the upper and lower ends and spiral fins 27, which can achieve up-and-down fluctuations and left-and-right rotations under the action of a dynamic magnetic field to enhance heat transfer; the storage battery 16 is used to store excess electric energy; the first electromagnet 24, the second electromagnet 30 and the cycle delay relay 34 are used to achieve the intermittent control of the dynamic magnetic field; the control module 20 monitors and regulates the operating state of the entire system in real time.

[0041] The structures and connection methods of the components in the device of the present invention will be specifically described below.

[0042] In the device of the present invention, the PVT system mainly includes the PVT module 1, the throttle valve 9, the water tank 2 and the circulation water pump 6. The fluid outlet above the PVT module 1 is connected to the inlet of the throttle valve 9 through a pipeline, the outlet of the throttle valve 9 is connected to the inlet of the water tank 2 through a pipeline, the bottom outlet of the water tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the circulation water pump 6 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the circulation water pump 6 is connected to the fluid inlet below the PVT module 1 through a pipeline, so that the PVT module 1, the throttle valve 9, the water tank 2 and the circulation water pump 6 together form a circulating water circuit.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first temperature sensor 11 and a first pressure sensor 12 are provided on the pipeline connecting the PVT module 1 and the throttle valve 9. A second temperature sensor 13 and a second pressure sensor 14 are provided on the pipeline connecting the circulation water pump 6 and the PVT module 1.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water return port is provided at the top of the water tank 2 for recovering the hot water in the PVT module 1.

[0045] In the device of the present invention, the excess electric energy generated by the PVT module 1 is connected to the solar MPPT controller 15 through a line, the solar MPPT controller 15 is connected to the first DC-DC power module 18 through a line, the first DC-DC power module 18 is connected to the second DC-DC power module 19 through a line, the second DC-DC power module 19 is connected to the bidirectional DC-DC converter 39 through a line, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter 39 is connected to the storage battery 16 through a line, and the excess electric energy generated by the PVT module 1 is stored in the storage battery 16, so that the storage battery 16 can supply power to the device when the light is insufficient or the power demand is low.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the device is powered by the storage battery 16, the solar MPPT controller 15 can first adjust the power output of the photovoltaic module (i.e., the PVT module) to make it always operate at the maximum power point, so as to improve the energy utilization rate. The solar MPPT controller 15 is also connected to the inverter 17 through a line to convert direct current into alternating current and transmit it to the power grid through the alternating current output terminal 35.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first DC-DC power module 18 can optimize the photovoltaic output through the maximum power point tracking solar MPPT controller 15, and preliminarily adjust the voltage to an intermediate stable value to supply the electrical components inside the device, that is, the output direct current is transformed and directly supplies power to the electrical components (such as the DC variable frequency compressor 5 and the circulation pump 6). The second DC-DC power module 19 is used to further transform the current output by the first DC-DC power module 18 and supply power to the control module 20.

[0048] In the device of the present invention, the heat pump system is used to lift the excess heat on the PVT side and store it in the phase change hot water storage tank 23, and can realize a stable heat pump cycle under different working conditions. The heat pump system mainly includes a DC variable frequency compressor 5, a condenser 29, an electronic expansion valve 8, an evaporator 10, an air-cooled evaporator 3 and a gas-liquid separator 4. The outlet of the DC variable frequency compressor 5 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 29 through a pipeline, the outlet of the condenser 29 is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve 8 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the electronic expansion valve 8 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 10 through a pipeline. The evaporator 10 is located inside the water tank 2, and the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 can exchange heat with the water in the water tank 2. The outlet of the evaporator 10 is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled evaporator 3 through a pipeline. An air-cooling fan 7 for heating is arranged outside the air-cooled evaporator 3, and the air-cooling fan 7 can be selectively turned on or off according to whether the temperature of the refrigerant inside the air-cooled evaporator 3 reaches the set temperature. The outlet of the air-cooled evaporator 3 extends into the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 4 through a pipeline, and the upper gas area of the gas-liquid separator 4 is connected to the DC variable frequency compressor 5 through a pipeline.

[0049] In the device of the present invention, a first electromagnet 24 is arranged at the top of the phase change hot water storage tank 23, and a second electromagnet 30 is arranged at the bottom. A baffle 36 is arranged below the first electromagnet 24, and a baffle 36 is arranged above the second electromagnet 30. Through the baffle 36, both the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 can be separated from the reaction zone in the middle of the phase change hot water storage tank 23, so as to prevent the medium in the middle reaction zone from interfering with the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 and blocking the contact between the heat transfer working medium water in the water tank and the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30. The first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 are sequentially connected to an AC power supply 33 and a cycle delay relay 34 through a line. The condenser 29 is installed below the reaction zone, and a plurality of phase change heat storage units 25 are arranged above the reaction zone. AsFigure 2 As shown, the main body of the phase change heat storage unit 25 is made of non-magnetic material, permanent magnets 26 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom, and spiral fins 27 are arranged on the outer periphery. This kind of setting can change the flow heat exchange mode and enhance the heat exchange area. During actual use, the intermittent power supply of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 is controlled by a cycle delay relay 34 to form a dynamic magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnets 26 at both ends to form an alternating magnetic field, driving the phase change heat storage unit 25 to realize a composite motion of up and down fluctuation and left and right rotation in the reaction zone to strengthen heat exchange.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 should both be horizontally arranged and respectively completely cover the cross-section of the inner cavity of the corresponding phase change heat storage water tank 23. The permanent magnets 26 at the top and bottom of the phase change heat storage unit 25 should also be symmetrically arranged so as to better control the movement of the phase change heat storage unit 25 under the action of the dynamic magnetic field. During actual use, the storage battery 16 can supply power to the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 when the light is insufficient or the system is in the standby state, ensuring that the system maintains the movement of the phase change unit under low energy consumption conditions.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of vertical cylindrical flow splitting frames 28 are arranged above the reaction zone. Inside the flow splitting frame 28, a plurality of columnar phase change heat storage units 25 are arranged from top to bottom, and the phase change heat storage units 25 can move up and down and rotate inside the flow splitting frame 28. As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, three phase change heat storage units 25 are arranged in each flow splitting frame 28. However, it should be clear that during actual application, the number of phase change heat storage units 25 in each flow splitting frame 28 can be adjusted according to actual situations. The flow splitting frame 28 is used to split different groups of phase change heat storage units and adjust the flow field distribution.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a phase change water tank inlet 31 and a phase change water tank outlet 32 are respectively opened on the side wall of the phase change heat storage water tank 23 where the reaction zone is located, and a fourth temperature sensor 38 and a third temperature sensor 37 are respectively arranged at the phase change water tank inlet 31 and the phase change water tank outlet 32. As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, the phase change water tank inlet 31 is arranged below the phase change water tank outlet 32. However, it should be clear that during actual application, the opening positions of the phase change water tank inlet 31 and the phase change water tank outlet 32 in the reaction zone can be adjusted according to actual situations.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device of the present invention further includes a control module 20, on which an irradiator 21 and an ambient temperature sensor 22 are provided. By receiving the signals of the irradiator 21, the ambient temperature sensor 22, the first temperature sensor 11, the second temperature sensor 13, the third temperature sensor 37, the fourth temperature sensor 38, the first pressure sensor 12 and the second pressure sensor 14 in real time, the control module 20 can dynamically regulate the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 8, the rotational speed of the DC variable frequency compressor 5, the start and stop of the fan 7 in the air-cooled evaporator 3 (to draw heat from the air in case of insufficient irradiation), as well as the power supply period and magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30. Specifically, the control module 20 can monitor the temperature and heat exchange state in the phase change heat storage water tank 23 in real time, and dynamically regulate the power supply period and magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 according to the heat load demand.

[0054] Using the above-mentioned combined heat and power energy storage and supply device based on PVT dual-source heat pump, the present invention also provides an operation method, which is specifically as follows:

[0055] Detect the ambient light intensity and temperature through the irradiator 21 and the ambient temperature sensor 22. When the light intensity and temperature meet the set values, start the PVT module 1 for photovoltaic and photothermal conversion.

[0056] S1: During the photothermal conversion process, the excess heat generated by the PVT module 1 is stored in the water tank 2 after passing through the throttle valve 9, and then the cold water heat-exchanged with the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 is re-transported to the PVT module 1 for heating by the circulating water pump 6. The DC variable frequency compressor 5 compresses the refrigerant gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is first sent to the condenser 29 for condensation and heat release, then throttled by the electronic expansion valve 8, and then introduced into the evaporator 10 to exchange heat with the high-temperature water in the water tank 2. If the refrigerant after evaporation and heat absorption reaches the predetermined temperature, the fan 7 of the air-cooled evaporator 3 is turned off, and the refrigerant liquid flows through the air-cooled evaporator 3 and then enters the gas-liquid separator 4. If the refrigerant after evaporation and heat absorption does not reach the predetermined temperature, the fan 7 of the air-cooled evaporator 3 is turned on, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside air in the air-cooled evaporator 3 to reach the predetermined temperature. The refrigerant after reaching the predetermined temperature undergoes gas-liquid separation through the gas-liquid separator 4, and the separated gas re-enters the DC variable frequency compressor 5 for compression to start the next cycle.

[0057] The intermittent power supply of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 is controlled by a cyclic delay relay 34 to form a dynamic magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnets 26 at the upper and lower ends of the phase change heat storage unit 25, driving the phase change heat storage unit 25 to perform a composite motion of up-and-down fluctuation and left-and-right rotation in the reaction zone to enhance heat transfer. Meanwhile, during the movement process, the spiral fins 27 can effectively disrupt the laminar state of the heat transfer working medium, significantly enhancing the dynamic heat transfer performance of the reaction zone, thereby greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0058] The control module 20 dynamically regulates the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 8, the rotational speed of the DC variable frequency compressor 5, the start and stop of the fan 7 in the air-cooled evaporator 3, as well as the power supply cycle and magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 by receiving the signals of the irradiance meter 21, the ambient temperature sensor 22, the first temperature sensor 11, the second temperature sensor 13, the third temperature sensor 37, the fourth temperature sensor 38, the first pressure sensor 12 and the second pressure sensor 14 in real time, so as to adjust the operating state of the loop.

[0059] When the heat storage is completed or the internal temperature of the phase change heat storage water tank 23 reaches the set value, the device enters the standby mode, and the first electromagnet 24 and the second electromagnet 30 stop working to reduce energy consumption.

[0060] S2: During the photovoltaic conversion process, the excess electric energy generated by the PVT module 1 is stored in the storage battery 16 after passing through the solar MPPT controller 15, the first DC-DC power module 18, the second DC-DC power module 19 and the bidirectional DC-DC converter 39 in sequence.

[0061] When the light is insufficient or the electricity demand is low, the device switches to the power supply mode of the storage battery 16, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter 39 supplies power to the device to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0062] Through the above technical solutions, the present invention realizes the efficient application of the dynamic magnetic field driving mechanism, effectively overcoming the problems of low heat transfer efficiency and poor operation stability of traditional phase change heat storage devices. During the heat storage process, the dynamic magnetic field drives the phase change unit to perform complex movements, which not only strengthens the external heat transfer, but also optimizes the utilization rate of the internal phase change material; during the heat release process, this design is particularly suitable for inorganic salt phase change materials, which can effectively avoid phase separation and supercooling phenomena caused by precipitation, further improving the reliability of the system.

[0063] The present invention combines the dual-source utilization of solar photovoltaic power generation and air source heat energy to construct an efficient combined heat and power generation mode. When the light condition is good, the solar energy is preferentially used for heat storage, and the system is driven to operate through photovoltaic power generation; when the light is insufficient, the air-cooled evaporator is used to supplement the air source heat energy, and the storage battery maintains the power supply and heat transfer function of the electromagnet to ensure the stable output of the system.

[0064] Through an intelligent control strategy and by combining real-time signals from irradiators, temperature sensors, and pressure sensors, the present invention achieves dynamic optimization of the combined heat and power operation mode, meets the comprehensive demands of users for heat and electricity, and is suitable for popularization and application in various complex environments and working conditions. The present invention has significant advantages over the prior art in terms of energy utilization efficiency, operation stability, and adaptability, and has the potential for large-scale popularization and application.

[0065] The device of the present invention can stably output hot water and electricity, significantly improving the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency and being suitable for a wide range of application scenarios. The device and operation method provided by the present invention achieve efficient heat storage and combined heat and power functions through the efficient coordination of the dynamic magnetic field driving mechanism and the PVT dual-source heat pump, meeting the heat and electricity demands of users in multiple scenarios.

[0066] The above-described embodiments are merely a preferred solution of the present invention, but they are not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical fields can still make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat and power cogeneration energy storage device based on a PVT dual-source heat pump, characterized in that: It includes a PVT system, a heat pump system and a phase change hot water storage tank (23); The PVT system comprises a PVT module (1), a throttle valve (9), a water tank (2) and a circulating water pump (6) which are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a circulating water loop; the surplus electric energy generated by the PVT module (1) is connected in sequence through lines to a solar MPPT controller (15), a first DC-DC power module (18), a second DC-DC power module (19) and a bidirectional DC-DC converter (39) and is stored in a storage battery (16); the storage battery (16) can supply power to the device when there is insufficient sunlight or a low power demand; The heat pump system comprises a DC variable frequency compressor (5), a condenser (29), an electronic expansion valve (8), an evaporator (10), an air-cooled evaporator (3) and a gas-liquid separator (4) which are sequentially connected through pipelines to form a circulating refrigeration circuit; the evaporator (10) is located inside the water tank (2), and a fan (7) for heating is provided outside the air-cooled evaporator (3); The top and bottom of the phase-change heat storage tank (23) are provided with a first electromagnet (24) and a second electromagnet (30), respectively; the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (30) are separated from the reaction zone in the middle of the phase-change heat storage tank (23) by a baffle (36), and are connected to the AC power supply (33) and the circulation delay relay (34) in sequence through lines; the condenser (29) is installed below the reaction zone, and a plurality of phase-change heat storage units (25) are provided above the reaction zone; the main body of the phase-change heat storage unit (25) is made of non-magnetic material, and permanent magnets (26) are provided on the top and bottom, respectively, and spiral fins (27) are provided on the periphery; the intermittent power supply of the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (30) is controlled by the circulation delay relay (34) to form a dynamic magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnets (26) at both ends, and drives the phase-change heat storage unit (25) to achieve a composite movement of up and down fluctuation and left and right rotation in the reaction zone to enhance heat exchange.

2. The combined heat and power storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first temperature sensor (11) and a first pressure sensor (12) are provided on the pipeline connecting the PVT module (1) and the throttle valve (9), and a second temperature sensor (13) and a second pressure sensor (14) are provided on the pipeline connecting the circulating water pump (6) and the PVT module (1).

3. The combined heat and power storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar MPPT controller (15) is also connected to an inverter (17) via a line to convert direct current into alternating current and transmit it to a power grid via an alternating current output terminal (35).

4. The combined heat and power storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outlet of the air-cooled evaporator (3) extends into the bottom of the gas-liquid separator (4) through a pipeline, and the upper gas area of ​​the gas-liquid separator (4) is connected to the DC variable frequency compressor (5) through a pipeline.

5. The heat and power cogeneration energy storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (30) are arranged horizontally, and respectively completely cover the cross section of the inner cavity of the phase-change hot water storage tank (23) where they are located.

6. The combined heat and power storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of vertical cylindrical flow splitting frames (28) are arranged above the reaction zone, and a plurality of columnar phase-change heat storage units (25) are arranged inside the flow splitting frames (28) from top to bottom. The phase-change heat storage units (25) can move up and down and rotate inside the flow splitting frames (28).

7. The combined heat and power storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A phase change water tank inlet (31) and a phase change water tank outlet (32) are respectively provided on the side walls of the phase change water storage tank (23) where the reaction zone is located, and a fourth temperature sensor (38) and a third temperature sensor (37) are respectively provided at the phase change water tank inlet (31) and the phase change water tank outlet (32).

8. The heat and power cogeneration energy storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a control module (20); the control module (20) is provided with an irradiator (21) and an ambient temperature sensor (22); and the opening of the electronic expansion valve (8), the rotation speed of the DC variable frequency compressor (5), the start and stop of the fan (7) in the air-cooled evaporator (3), and the power supply cycle and magnetic field strength of the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (30) are dynamically regulated by receiving signals from the irradiator (21), the ambient temperature sensor (22), the first temperature sensor (11), the second temperature sensor (13), the third temperature sensor (37), the fourth temperature sensor (38), the first pressure sensor (12) and the second pressure sensor (14) in real time.

9. The heat and power cogeneration energy storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The first DC-DC power supply module (18) is used to transform the direct current output by the solar MPPT controller (15) and directly supply power to the electrical components; the second DC-DC power supply module (19) is used to further transform the current output by the first DC-DC power supply module (18) and supply power to the control module (20).

10. An operating method of the combined heat and power storage and supply device based on the PVT dual-source heat pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: The details are as follows: The ambient light intensity and temperature are detected by an irradiator (21) and an ambient temperature sensor (22), and when the light intensity and temperature meet the set values, the PVT module (1) is started to perform photoelectric and photothermal conversion; S1: During the photothermal conversion process, the excess heat generated by the PVT module (1) is stored in the water tank (2) after passing through the throttle valve (9), and then the cold water after heat exchange with the refrigerant in the evaporator (10) is transported back to the PVT module (1) for heating through the circulating water pump (6); the DC variable frequency compressor (5) compresses the refrigerant gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is first sent to the condenser (29) for condensation and heat release, and then throttled through the electronic expansion valve (8), and then passed into the evaporator (10) and exchanged heat with the high-temperature water in the water tank (2); after evaporation and heat absorption, the refrigerant gas is heated to a high temperature and high pressure. If the refrigerant reaches a predetermined temperature, the fan (7) of the air-cooled evaporator (3) is turned off, and the refrigerant liquid flows through the air-cooled evaporator (3) and then enters the gas-liquid separator (4); if the refrigerant after evaporation and heat absorption does not reach the predetermined temperature, the fan (7) of the air-cooled evaporator (3) is turned on, and the refrigerant in the air-cooled evaporator (3) absorbs heat from the outside air to reach the predetermined temperature; the refrigerant that reaches the predetermined temperature passes through the gas-liquid separator (4) for gas-liquid separation, and the separated gas re-enters the DC variable frequency compressor (5) for compression, and the next cycle begins; The intermittent power supply of the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (30) is controlled by a cyclic delay relay (34) to form a dynamic magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnets (26) at the upper and lower ends of the phase change heat storage unit (25), and drives the phase change heat storage unit (25) to achieve a composite movement of up and down fluctuations and left and right rotations in the reaction zone to enhance heat exchange; at the same time, the spiral fins (27) can effectively destroy the laminar flow state of the heat transfer medium during the movement process, significantly enhance the dynamic heat transfer performance of the reaction zone, and thus greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency; The control module (20) dynamically controls the opening of the electronic expansion valve (8), the rotation speed of the DC variable frequency compressor (5), the start and stop of the fan (7) in the air-cooled evaporator (3), and the power supply cycle and magnetic field strength of the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (30) by receiving signals from the irradiator (21), the ambient temperature sensor (22), the first temperature sensor (11), the second temperature sensor (13), the third temperature sensor (37), the fourth temperature sensor (38), the first pressure sensor (12) and the second pressure sensor (14) in real time, thereby adjusting the operating state of the circuit; When heat storage is completed or the internal temperature of the phase-change hot water storage tank (23) reaches a set value, the device enters a standby mode, and the first electromagnet (24) and the second electromagnet (30) stop working to reduce energy consumption; S2: During the photoelectric conversion process, the excess electric energy generated by the PVT module (1) is sequentially stored in the storage battery (16) via the solar MPPT controller (15), the first DC-DC power module (18), the second DC-DC power module (19) and the bidirectional DC-DC converter (39); When the sunlight is insufficient or the power demand is low, the device switches to the battery (16) power supply mode, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter (39) is used to power the device, thereby ensuring continuous and stable operation of the device.

Images