Building method of horizontal converter end wall

Abstract

The invention relates to a masonry method of a horizontal converter end wall, and relates to the technical field of converter equipment. According to the masonry method of the horizontal converter end wall, the straight bricks of the unified specification are used for retreating and masonry, the radian of the end wall after masonry is consistent with that of an end cover, the arc structure of the dish-shaped end cover is met, the straight bricks on the periphery of the end wall make contact with the furnace shell in the horizontal plane, and the end wall is not prone to falling off. The contact area of the straight bricks and the furnace shell is increased, the furnace bricks are horizontally arranged, the static pressure of the whole end wall is vertically downward, the static pressures borne by the front and the back of the furnace bricks are equal, and the stress problem caused by point contact between the special-shaped bricks and the furnace shell is effectively avoided; the straight bricks are directly used for building, so that the overall stress area of the furnace bricks at the bottom of the end wall can be increased, the stress point and the gravity center position of the straight bricks of the end wall are changed, the gravity center of the whole end wall masonry is always in the center position, the safety problem caused by the unstable gravity center of the furnace bricks can be avoided, and the production safety risk is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of converter equipment, and in particular to a method for laying the end wall of a horizontal converter. Background Art

[0002] As an important equipment for modern copper smelting, the structural design and laying process of the end wall of a horizontal converter directly affect the stability, thermal efficiency and safety of the furnace body.

[0003] Currently, during the laying process of the end wall of a horizontal converter, in order to adapt to the shape of the dish-shaped end cover, the brick type is designed as a special-shaped brick to fit and lay on the steel end cover, so as to better fit the steel dish-shaped end cover.

[0004] However, the complex shape of the special-shaped brick makes the laying process more difficult and reduces the construction efficiency. Secondly, during the laying process, steel plates need to be welded to fix the furnace bricks at the bottom of the end wall, which requires a high quality of construction workers. If the welding quality of the steel plates fails, it is extremely easy for the furnace bricks at the bottom of the end wall to collapse, resulting in the overall collapse of the end wall. In addition, the complex brick type of the special-shaped brick may lead to an unstable center of gravity of the end wall after laying, posing a risk of the end wall collapsing and a large potential safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technologies, this application provides a method for laying the end wall of a horizontal converter, which can avoid safety problems caused by unstable center of gravity of the furnace bricks and effectively reduce the production safety risk.

[0006] This application provides a method for laying the end wall of a horizontal converter, and the laying method includes:

[0007] Step 1: According to the inner diameter of the furnace shell, the thickness of the furnace body bricks, the thickness of the filler layer, and the thickness of the straight bricks, calculate the number of layers of the end wall except for the furnace body bricks. The calculation expression for the number of layers of the end wall is:

[0008] B = (D 内 - C 砖 - C 填 ) ÷ C 直

[0009] Wherein, B - the number of layers of furnace bricks, D 内 - the inner diameter of the furnace shell, C 砖 - the thickness of the furnace body bricks, C 填 - the thickness of the filler layer, C 直 - the thickness of the straight bricks;

[0010] Step 2: According to the chord height of the dish-shaped end wall and the number of layers of the end wall, calculate the step-back size of each layer of end wall bricks. The calculation expression for the step-back size is:

[0011] L = h ÷ B × α

[0012] Wherein, L is the size of the stepped platform, h is the chord height of the dish-shaped end wall, B is the number of layers of furnace bricks, and α is the correction coefficient. The calculation of the chord height of the dish-shaped end wall specifically includes:

[0013]

[0014] Wherein, r is the inner radius of the dish-shaped end wall, and c is the inner chord length of the dish-shaped end wall;

[0015] Step 3: According to the size of the stepped platform, use straight bricks to carry out stepped masonry until the dish-shaped end wall is completely masonry, so that the overall dish-shaped end wall after masonry is consistent with the arc of the dish-shaped end cover.

[0016] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application:

[0017] The correction coefficient is obtained by judging the parallel brick layers to be reserved at the exact middle position of the end wall, and the value range of the correction coefficient is 4-8.

[0018] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application:

[0019] The stepped masonry using straight bricks according to the size of the stepped platform specifically includes:

[0020] Before the straight bricks of the end wall are masonry, according to the chord height of the dish-shaped end wall, use template bricks with the same thickness as the furnace body bricks to reserve the masonry position of the furnace body bricks at the end wall.

[0021] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application:

[0022] The stepped masonry using straight bricks according to the size of the stepped platform specifically includes:

[0023] During the masonry of the straight bricks of the end wall, use filler to level the bottom of the arc furnace shell;

[0024] For the end wall area at the position of the furnace body brick thickness, directly masonry straight bricks and keep the straight bricks masonry horizontally, and fill the space between the straight bricks and the furnace shell with filler.

[0025] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application:

[0026] The stepped masonry using straight bricks according to the size of the stepped platform specifically includes:

[0027] For the end wall area at a position other than the furnace body brick thickness, use straight bricks of a unified specification to carry out stepped masonry, and each layer of straight bricks is masonry horizontally according to the size of the stepped platform;

[0028] When the straight bricks are masonry parallel to the furnace shell, fill the space between the straight bricks and the furnace shell with filler and keep the thickness of the filler layer between the straight bricks and the dish-shaped end cover.

[0029] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application:

[0030] The packing used between the straight bricks of the end wall and the furnace shell is magnesia-chrome anti-seepage packing.

[0031] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application:

[0032] The size of the straight bricks of the end wall is: 460×150×75 mm;

[0033] The size of the stepped platform is: 25 mm.

[0034] The technical solution provided by the present application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0035] By using straight bricks of unified specifications for stepped masonry, the arc of the end wall after masonry can be made consistent with the arc of the end cover, meeting the arc structure of the dish-shaped end cover. Moreover, the straight bricks around the end wall and the furnace shell become horizontal contact, increasing the contact area between the straight bricks and the furnace shell. The furnace bricks are horizontally arranged, and the static pressure of the entire end wall is vertically downward, and the static pressure on the front and back of the furnace bricks is equal, effectively avoiding the stress problem caused by point contact between special-shaped bricks and the furnace shell; by directly using straight bricks for masonry, the overall stress area of the furnace bricks at the bottom of the end wall can be increased, changing the stress point and the center of gravity position of the straight bricks of the end wall, so that the center of gravity of the entire end wall masonry is always in the middle position, which can avoid safety problems caused by unstable center of gravity of the furnace bricks and effectively reduce the production safety risk.

[0036] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present application in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application will become more obvious. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the masonry method of the end wall of the horizontal converter in the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic side view structure diagram of the end wall of the horizontal converter after masonry in the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic front view structure diagram of the end wall of the horizontal converter after masonry in the present application.

[0041] Reference numerals: 1 - straight brick, 2 - furnace body brick, 3 - packing, 4 - dish-shaped end cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0043] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0045] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] At present, during the construction of the end wall of a horizontal converter, in order to adapt to the shape of the dish-shaped end cover, the bricks are designed to be special-shaped bricks to fit the steel end cover for construction, so as to better fit the steel dish-shaped end cover.

[0047] However, the complex shape of the special-shaped bricks makes the masonry process more difficult and reduces the construction efficiency. Secondly, during the masonry process, steel plates need to be welded to fix the bottom furnace bricks of the end wall, which requires a relatively high quality of construction workers. If the welding quality of the steel plates is not up to standard, it is very easy for the bottom furnace bricks of the end wall to collapse, leading to the overall collapse of the end wall. In addition, the complex brick shape of the special-shaped bricks may cause the center of gravity of the end wall after masonry to be unstable, posing a risk of the end wall collapsing and presenting a relatively large potential safety hazard.

[0048] In view of the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a masonry method for the end wall of a horizontal converter, which can avoid safety problems caused by unstable center of gravity of the furnace bricks and effectively reduce the production safety risk.

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the masonry method for the end wall of a horizontal converter in the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 is a schematic side view structure diagram of the end wall of a horizontal converter after masonry in the present application;

[0052] Figure 3 is a schematic front view structure diagram of the end wall of a horizontal converter after masonry in the present application.

[0053] See Figures 1 - 3 , a masonry method for the end wall of a horizontal converter, the masonry method comprising:

[0054] S100: Step 1: According to the inner diameter of the furnace shell, the thickness of the furnace body bricks, the thickness of the filler layer, and the thickness of the straight bricks, calculate the number of layers of the end wall except for the furnace body bricks. The calculation expression for the number of layers of the end wall is:

[0055] B = (D 内 - C 砖 - C 填 ) ÷ C 直

[0056] where B - the number of layers of furnace bricks, D 内 - the inner diameter of the furnace shell, C 砖 - the thickness of the furnace body bricks, C 填 - the thickness of the filler layer, C 直 - the thickness of the straight bricks.

[0057] In this embodiment, by measuring the inner diameter of the furnace shell, the thickness of the furnace body bricks, the thickness of the filler layer, and the thickness of the straight bricks, the number of layers of the end wall is calculated for use in calculating the stepped-back size of each layer of end wall bricks in subsequent steps to ensure the reasonable layout and structural stability of each layer of bricks during the masonry process.

[0058] S200: Step 2: Calculate the stepped-back size of each layer of end-wall bricks according to the chord height of the dish-shaped end wall and the number of layers of this end wall. The calculation formula for this stepped-back size is:

[0059] L = h÷B×α

[0060] Wherein, L - stepped-back size, h - chord height of the dish-shaped end wall, B - number of layers of furnace bricks, α - correction coefficient. The calculation of the chord height of this dish-shaped end wall specifically includes:

[0061]

[0062] Wherein, r - inner radius of the dish-shaped end wall, c - inner chord length of the dish-shaped end wall.

[0063] Specifically, this correction coefficient is obtained by judging the parallel brick layers to be reserved at the exact middle position of the end wall, and the value range of this correction coefficient is 4 - 8.

[0064] For the dish-shaped end cover 4 of the horizontal converter, leveling is carried out at the exact middle position of the dish-shaped end cover 4. Therefore, during the actual masonry process, by introducing a correction coefficient in the calculation process, it can be ensured that the calculated stepped-back size is more in line with the actual construction situation.

[0065] In this embodiment, the chord height of the dish-shaped end wall is calculated through the chord height formula, and combined with the number of layers of the end wall to calculate the stepped-back size of each layer of end-wall bricks. At the same time, by introducing a correction coefficient in the calculation process of the stepped-back size, it can be made that the calculated stepped-back size is more in line with the actual construction situation, making the end wall after masonry consistent with the arc of the furnace shell, thereby ensuring the structural strength and stability of the end wall.

[0066] S300: Step 3: According to this stepped-back size, use straight bricks for stepped-back masonry until the dish-shaped end wall is completely masoned, so that the overall dish-shaped end wall after masonry is consistent with the arc of the dish-shaped end cover.

[0067] Specifically, according to this stepped-back size, using straight bricks for stepped-back masonry specifically includes:

[0068] Before the end-wall straight brick 1 is masoned, according to the chord height of this dish-shaped end wall, use a template brick with the same thickness as the furnace body bricks to reserve the masonry position of the furnace body bricks 2 at the end wall.

[0069] In this embodiment, by using a template brick with the same thickness as the furnace body bricks to reserve the masonry position of the furnace body bricks 2 at the end wall, the masonry range of the end-wall straight brick 1 can be standardized, avoiding the end-wall straight brick 1 from affecting the subsequent masonry of the furnace body bricks 2 and ensuring the normal masonry construction of the subsequent furnace body bricks 2.

[0070] Specifically, according to this stepped-back size, using straight bricks for stepped-back masonry specifically includes:

[0071] During the masonry of the straight bricks 1 of the end wall, the bottom of the arc-shaped furnace shell is leveled with the filler 3;

[0072] For the end wall area at the thickness position of the furnace body bricks, the straight bricks 1 are directly masoned, and the straight bricks 1 are masoned horizontally. The space between the straight bricks 1 and the furnace shell is filled with the filler 3.

[0073] In this embodiment, for the end wall area at the thickness position of the furnace body bricks, according to the actual construction size, the straight bricks 1 of different lengths are used for horizontal masonry.

[0074] Specifically, according to the setback dimension, the straight bricks are used for setback masonry, which specifically includes:

[0075] For the end wall area not at the thickness position of the furnace body bricks, the straight bricks 1 of a unified specification are used for setback masonry, and the straight bricks 1 of each layer are horizontally masoned according to the setback dimension;

[0076] When the straight bricks 1 are parallelly masoned to the position of the furnace shell, the space between the straight bricks 1 and the furnace shell is filled with the filler 3, and the thickness of the filler 3 layer between the straight bricks 1 and the dish-shaped end cover 4 is maintained. Among them, the size of the straight bricks 1 of the unified specification is: 460×150×75mm, and the setback dimension is: 25mm.

[0077] In this embodiment, for the end wall area not at the thickness position of the furnace body bricks, by using the straight bricks 1 of a unified specification for setback masonry, the radian of the end wall after masonry can be made consistent with the radian of the end cover, meeting the arc structure of the dish-shaped end cover 4. Moreover, the straight bricks 1 around the end wall are in horizontal contact with the furnace shell, increasing the contact area between the straight bricks 1 and the furnace shell. The furnace bricks are horizontally arranged, and the static pressure of the entire end wall is vertically downward, and the static pressures on the front and back of the furnace bricks are equal, effectively avoiding the stress problem caused by the point contact between the special-shaped bricks and the furnace shell. And by directly using the straight bricks 1 for masonry, the overall stress area of the furnace bricks at the bottom of the end wall can be increased, changing the stress point and the center of gravity position of the straight bricks 1 of the end wall, so that the center of gravity of the entire end wall masonry is always in the middle position, which can avoid the safety problem caused by the unstable center of gravity of the furnace bricks and effectively reduce the production safety risk.

[0078] Specifically, the filler 3 used between the straight bricks 1 of the end wall and the furnace shell is a magnesia-chrome anti-seepage filler 3.

[0079] In this embodiment, by using the magnesia-chrome anti-seepage filler 3, the sealing performance and high-temperature resistance of the furnace body can be effectively improved, ensuring the safe operation of the furnace body after masonry.

[0080] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application include the following beneficial effects:

[0081] In this application, by using straight bricks of uniform specifications for stepped masonry, the arc of the end wall after masonry can be made consistent with the arc of the end cover, meeting the arc structure of the dish-shaped end cover. Moreover, the straight bricks around the end wall are in horizontal contact with the furnace shell, increasing the contact area between the straight bricks and the furnace shell. The furnace bricks are arranged horizontally, and the static pressure of the entire end wall is vertically downward. The static pressures on the front and back of the furnace bricks are equal, effectively avoiding the stress problems caused by point contact between special-shaped bricks and the furnace shell. By directly using straight bricks for masonry, the overall stress area of the furnace bricks at the bottom of the end wall can be increased, changing the stress points and the position of the center of gravity of the straight bricks in the end wall, so that the center of gravity of the entire end wall masonry is always in the center position, which can avoid safety problems caused by unstable center of gravity of the furnace bricks and effectively reduce the production safety risk.

[0082] Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relationships such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0083] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0084] In addition, in each embodiment of this application, the functional units can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0085] The embodiments of this application have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of the terms used in this text is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications or improvements to the technologies in the market, or to enable other ordinary technical personnel in the technical field to understand the embodiments disclosed in this text.

Claims

1. A method for laying the end wall of a horizontal converter, characterized in that: The masonry method comprises: Step 1: According to the inner diameter of the furnace shell, the thickness of the furnace body bricks, the thickness of the filler layer and the thickness of the straight bricks, the number of end wall layers excluding the furnace body bricks is calculated. The calculation expression of the number of end wall layers is: B=(D 内 -C 砖 -C 填 )÷C 直 Among them, B-number of furnace brick layers, D 内 -Inner diameter of furnace shell, C 砖 - Furnace brick thickness, C 填 -Thickness of filler layer, C 直 -Thickness of straight bricks; Step 2: According to the chord height of the dished end wall and the number of layers of the end wall, the setback size of each layer of end wall bricks is calculated. The calculation expression of the setback size is: L=h÷B×α Among them, L-setback size, h-chord height of dish-shaped end wall, B-number of furnace brick layers, α-correction coefficient, The calculation of the chord height of the dished end wall specifically includes: Wherein, r is the inner radius of the dish-shaped end wall, c is the inner chord length of the dish-shaped end wall; Step 3: According to the setback size, use straight bricks to build the setback until the dish-shaped end wall is completed, so that the overall curvature of the dish-shaped end wall after construction is consistent with that of the dish-shaped end cover.

2. The method for building the end wall of a horizontal converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The correction coefficient is determined based on the parallel brick layers that need to be reserved in the middle of the end wall, and the value range of the correction coefficient is 4-8.

3. The method for building the end wall of a horizontal converter according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the size of the setback, the setback is built using straight bricks, specifically including: Before laying the straight bricks of the end wall, according to the chord height of the dish-shaped end wall, a laying position for the furnace body bricks is reserved at the end wall using a sample brick having the same thickness as the furnace body bricks.

4. The method for building the end wall of a horizontal converter according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the size of the setback, the setback is built using straight bricks, specifically including: During the straight brickwork of the end wall, filler is used to level the bottom of the curved furnace shell; For the end wall area located at the thickness of the furnace body bricks, straight bricks are directly laid and the straight bricks are kept horizontally laid, and fillers are used to fill the space between the straight bricks and the furnace shell.

5. The method for building the end wall of a horizontal converter according to claim 4, characterized in that: According to the size of the setback, the setback is built using straight bricks, specifically including: For the end wall area located at the non-furnace brick thickness position, straight bricks of uniform specifications are used for step-back masonry, and each layer of straight bricks is horizontally laid according to the step-back size; When the straight bricks are laid parallel to the furnace shell, fillers are used to fill the space between the straight bricks and the furnace shell, and the thickness of the filler layer between the straight bricks and the dish-shaped end cover is maintained.

6. The method for building the end wall of a horizontal converter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filler used between the end wall straight bricks and the furnace shell is a magnesium-chromium anti-seepage filler.

7. The method for building the end wall of a horizontal converter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dimensions of the end wall straight bricks are: 460×150×75mm; The setback dimension is: 25mm.

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