High temperature pipeline crack on-line monitoring device and method based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling

Abstract

The application provides an online high-temperature pipeline crack monitoring device and method based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling. The device comprises an electromagnetic excitation array probe, an excitation control module, a laser vibration measuring device, a receiving control module, a signal conditioning module and an upper computer. The electromagnetic excitation array probe is used for sequentially exciting electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals with high energy. The excitation control module is used for controlling the excitation sequence of the multiple electromagnetic excitation probes. The laser vibration measuring device is used for receiving the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals and the vibration signals caused by the cracks. The receiving control module is used for controlling the receiving position of the laser vibration measuring device. The upper computer is used for analyzing and processing the conditioned vibration signals through a guided wave positioning algorithm to obtain pipeline crack position information. The device can realize non-contact high-precision online monitoring of pipeline cracks under high-temperature conditions and can accurately locate the pipeline crack defect position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of online monitoring technology for high-temperature pipelines, and in particular to an online monitoring device and method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, high-temperature pipelines, as key components widely used in power, petrochemical, and heating industries, inevitably suffer from various types of crack damage due to long-term exposure to high temperatures, high pressures, and complex rapid strains. This severely affects the structural integrity and service safety of high-temperature pipelines. Since the initiation and propagation of cracks to structural rupture failure are often sudden, conventional periodic inspections are insufficient to meet safety requirements. Therefore, research on online crack monitoring technology for pipelines in high-temperature environments is urgently needed.

[0003] In related technologies, electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave technology is generally used for pipeline crack detection. However, due to factors such as the high-temperature environment in high-temperature pipelines, the aforementioned traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave detection method is prone to detection failure, and the detection results may have large deviations, resulting in a low success rate.

[0004] Therefore, how to accurately and effectively conduct online monitoring of cracks in high-temperature pipelines has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, the first objective of this application is to propose an online monitoring device for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling. This device can perform real-time monitoring and precise location of cracks in high-temperature pipelines under normal operating conditions, achieving non-contact online monitoring.

[0007] The second objective of this application is to propose an online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling.

[0008] The third objective of this application is to provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application is to propose an online monitoring device for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling. This device includes: an electromagnetic excitation array probe, an excitation control module, a laser vibration measuring device, a receiving control module, a signal conditioning module, and a host computer; wherein,

[0010] The electromagnetic excitation array probe includes multiple electromagnetic excitation probes, each of which includes a racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil. The electromagnetic excitation array probe is used to sequentially excite high-energy electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals based on the racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil.

[0011] The excitation control module is connected to the electromagnetic excitation array probe, and the excitation control module is used to control the order in which the multiple electromagnetic excitation probes excite the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal;

[0012] The laser vibration measuring device is used to receive the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagating in the high-temperature pipeline to be monitored and the vibration signal caused when it encounters cracks or pipeline boundaries.

[0013] The receiving control module is connected to the laser vibration measuring device, and the receiving control module is used to control the receiving position of the laser vibration measuring device;

[0014] The signal conditioning module is connected to the laser vibration measuring device. The signal conditioning module is used to preprocess the vibration signal sent by the laser vibration measuring device and upload the preprocessed vibration signal to the host computer.

[0015] The host computer is used to analyze and process the preprocessed vibration signal using a guided wave positioning algorithm to obtain the crack location information in the high-temperature pipeline.

[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the plurality of electromagnetic excitation probes are uniformly arranged on the surface of the electromagnetic excitation region along the circumference of the high-temperature pipe. Each electromagnetic excitation probe further includes: an interlaced folding AC coil; wherein the racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil is used to provide a high-energy bias magnetic field for exciting the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal; the interlaced folding AC coil is used to induce eddy currents along the corresponding path in the high-temperature pipe to excite horizontal shear SH guided waves.

[0017] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the distance between the location of the excitation control module and the surface of the high-temperature pipe is greater than the threshold distance at which the high temperature of the high-temperature pipe surface has an impact.

[0018] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the laser vibration measuring device is mounted above the laser receiving area of ​​the high-temperature pipe using a guide rail bracket; the guide rail bracket is also used to support the laser vibration measuring device to move around the high-temperature pipe in the full circumference, so as to collect the vibration signal of the high-temperature pipe in the full circumference.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application proposes an online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling. This method is applied to the online monitoring device for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling described in the first aspect of this application. The monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0020] Multiple electromagnetic excitation probes are uniformly arranged in the electromagnetic excitation region of the high-temperature pipeline, and each electromagnetic excitation probe is controlled by an excitation control module to sequentially excite periodic electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals with high energy.

[0021] A laser vibration measuring device is arranged on the laser receiving area of ​​the high-temperature pipeline. The laser vibration measuring device is controlled by a receiving control module to receive the vibration signal and the corresponding electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal in the full circumference of the laser receiving area. The vibration signal is determined by the echo signal generated when the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagates to the crack or boundary on the high-temperature pipeline.

[0022] The vibration signal is preprocessed by the signal conditioning module, and the preprocessed vibration signal is uploaded to the host computer.

[0023] A guided wave positioning algorithm is used to process the vibration signals and electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals corresponding to each of the electromagnetic excitation probes received by the host computer to obtain the crack location information in the high-temperature pipeline.

[0024] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the cracks on the high-temperature pipeline include macroscopic cracks and microscopic cracks. When the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagates to the macroscopic crack, a linear reflected wave response is generated based on the reflection principle of ultrasonic guided waves. When the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagates to the microscopic crack, a nonlinear response echo is generated based on the breathing effect of the microscopic crack.

[0025] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the period of the periodic electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal excited by the electromagnetic excitation probe satisfies the following formula:

[0026] ΔT1>2L / v

[0027] Where ΔT1 represents the period of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal, L represents the length of the high-temperature pipe, and v represents the propagation speed of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave in the high-temperature pipe.

[0028] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the excitation time interval between the sequential excitation of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal by each of the electromagnetic excitation probes satisfies the following formula:

[0029] ΔT2>ΔT1×k

[0030] Where k represents the number of times the laser vibration measuring device moves during the 360° circumferential signal acquisition process.

[0031] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the step of employing a guided wave positioning algorithm to process the vibration signals and electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals corresponding to each of the electromagnetic excitation probes received by the host computer includes: performing signal processing and feature analysis on any vibration signal received by the host computer to obtain signal features containing pipeline crack information; calculating the time difference between the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation signal corresponding to any vibration signal and the signal features; and calculating the crack location information detected by any vibration signal based on the time difference and the propagation speed of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave in the high-temperature pipeline.

[0032] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling as described in any of the second aspects of this application.

[0033] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of this application brings at least the following beneficial effects: First, in the electromagnetic excitation stage, the electromagnetic excitation array probe adopts a dual-coil structure design, using a racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil to replace the magnet structure in the traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave transducer to provide a high-energy bias magnetic field, effectively avoiding the demagnetization failure of the traditional magnet structure at high temperatures, thereby achieving effective excitation of electromagnetic ultrasonic guided waves under high-temperature conditions in pipelines. Second, in the interaction between electromagnetic ultrasonic guided waves and cracks, different guided wave effects are adopted for cracks of different sizes. For example, linear reflection response signals of guided waves are used for macroscopic cracks, and nonlinear response signals of guided waves are used for micro-cracks, thereby enabling effective identification of both macroscopic and micro-cracks in high-temperature pipelines. Finally, in the signal acquisition stage, a laser vibration measurement device is used to acquire weak guided wave vibration signals, which has advantages such as non-contact and high-precision measurement, enabling high-precision acquisition of guided wave signals in high-temperature pipeline environments.

[0034] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an online monitoring device for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling, as proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnetic excitation probe proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a guide rail bracket used in a laser vibration measuring device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring method based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling proposed in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling, as proposed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the online monitoring of high-temperature pipeline cracks in the relevant embodiments faces two main challenges. First, the magnet structure in traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave transducers is prone to demagnetization under high-temperature environments, leading to guided wave excitation failure. Second, severe guided wave attenuation in high-temperature pipelines makes effective data acquisition difficult. These two major challenges mean that an effective online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks currently does not exist.

[0044] Therefore, this application proposes an online monitoring device and method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling, which can carry out real-time monitoring and precise location of cracks in high-temperature pipelines under normal operating conditions, and realize non-contact online monitoring.

[0045] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device and method based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling proposed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling proposed in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, the high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device 100 includes: an electromagnetic excitation array probe 11, an excitation control module 12, a laser vibration measuring device 13, a receiving control module 14, a signal conditioning module 15, and a host computer 16.

[0047] It should be noted that, Figure 1 It is only used to illustrate the connection relationship between the various components in the monitoring device 100, and does not limit the specific arrangement of the various components.

[0048] The electromagnetic excitation array probe 11 includes multiple electromagnetic excitation probes 110, each of which includes a racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil 111. The electromagnetic excitation array probe 11 is used to sequentially excite high-energy electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals based on the racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil 111.

[0049] The excitation control module 12 is connected to the electromagnetic excitation array probe 11. The excitation control module 12 is used to control the order in which multiple electromagnetic excitation probes 110 excite electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals, that is, the excitation order of electromagnetic ultrasonic guided waves of each probe in the array.

[0050] The laser vibration measuring device 13 is used to receive electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals propagating in the high-temperature pipeline to be monitored and the vibration signals caused when it encounters cracks or pipeline boundaries.

[0051] The receiving control module 14 is connected to the laser vibration measuring device 13, and the receiving control module 14 is used to control the receiving position of the laser vibration measuring device 13.

[0052] The signal conditioning module 15 is connected to the laser vibration measuring device 13. The signal conditioning module 15 is used to preprocess the vibration signal sent by the laser vibration measuring device 13 and upload the preprocessed vibration signal to the host computer 16.

[0053] The host computer 16 is used to analyze and process the pre-processed vibration signal through the guided wave positioning algorithm to obtain the crack location information in the high-temperature pipeline.

[0054] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple electromagnetic excitation probes 110 in the electromagnetic excitation array probe 11 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the high-temperature pipe on the surface of the electromagnetic excitation region 22 in the pipe. Furthermore, as... Figure 3 As shown, each electromagnetic excitation probe, in addition to the aforementioned racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil 111, also includes an interlaced folding AC coil 112.

[0055] Among them, the racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil 111 is used to provide a high-energy bias magnetic field for exciting electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals. The staggered folding AC coil 112 is used to induce eddy currents along the corresponding path in the high-temperature pipe to excite horizontal shear (SH) guided waves.

[0056] In one embodiment of this application, the distance between the excitation control module 12 and the surface of the high-temperature pipe is greater than the threshold distance at which the high temperature of the high-temperature pipe surface has an impact, thereby making the excitation control module 12 unaffected by the high-temperature environment of the pipe surface.

[0057] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the laser vibration measuring device 13 is mounted above the laser receiving area of ​​the high-temperature pipeline using a guide rail bracket; the guide rail bracket is also used to support the laser vibration measuring device to move around the high-temperature pipeline in the entire circumference, so as to collect the vibration signal of the high-temperature pipeline in the entire circumference.

[0058] In summary, the high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling of this application embodiment can realize non-contact high-precision online monitoring of pipeline cracks under high-temperature conditions and accurately locate the pipeline crack defect.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation process of crack monitoring in the above-mentioned high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling, a detailed description of a high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring method based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling proposed in this application embodiment is provided below. This method is applied to the high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling in the above embodiments, that is, the relevant equipment in the monitoring device of the above embodiments is arranged and controlled to realize the monitoring method of this embodiment.

[0060] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling, as proposed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0061] Step S101: Multiple electromagnetic excitation probes are uniformly arranged in the electromagnetic excitation area of ​​the high-temperature pipeline, and the excitation control module controls each electromagnetic excitation probe to sequentially excite periodic electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals with high energy.

[0062] It should be noted that, in order to more clearly and in detail illustrate the implementation process of the monitoring method of this application, the following description, in conjunction with this embodiment, provides further details. Figure 6 This paper describes a specific online monitoring implementation method.

[0063] Specifically, N electromagnetic excitation probes, namely S1, S2, ..., S, are arranged in the electromagnetic excitation region of the high-temperature pipeline. N , where N≥4.

[0064] As one possible implementation, the electromagnetic excitation probe is arranged as follows in this embodiment: Figure 2 As shown, electromagnetic excitation array probes are uniformly arranged on the surface of a high-temperature pipe. The excitation control module is connected to the electromagnetic excitation array probes via wires. The excitation control module is positioned far from the surface of the high-temperature pipe; that is, the distance between the excitation control module and the surface of the high-temperature pipe is greater than the threshold distance at which the high temperature of the pipe surface has an impact. When the distance is greater than this threshold distance, the excitation control module is not affected by the high-temperature environment of the pipe surface.

[0065] Furthermore, when controlling each electromagnetic excitation probe to sequentially excite electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals, the excitation control module first controls the electromagnetic excitation probe S1 to excite periodic electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals with high energy.

[0066] The structure of the electromagnetic excitation probe is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, each probe employs a dual-coil structure design, including a racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil and an interleaved AC coil. The racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil provides a high-energy bias magnetic field for exciting electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals, while the interleaved AC coil induces eddy currents along specific paths in the high-temperature pipe, thereby exciting the desired horizontal shear SH guided wave mode.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, the period of the periodic electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal excited by the electromagnetic excitation probe satisfies the following formula:

[0068] ΔT1>2L / v

[0069] Where ΔT1 represents the period of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal, L represents the length of the high-temperature pipe to be monitored, and v represents the propagation speed of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave in the high-temperature pipe. v is related to parameters such as pipe material, guided wave mode and pipe temperature, and can be obtained in advance through theoretical calculation or experimental testing.

[0070] When specifically arranging and controlling the monitoring device, one possible implementation method is to employ a multi-channel excitation delay precision control and phase correction method based on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). This method leverages the powerful parallel processing capabilities of the FPGA to achieve synchronous excitation and precise delay control of multi-channel signals, ensuring phase consistency of the excitation signals and improving the quality and resolution of the detected signals. In the high-voltage excitation circuit design, opto-isolators and high-frequency filtering technology are used to effectively isolate the high-voltage excitation circuit from the small-signal processing circuit, preventing interference from high-voltage signals to sensitive circuits and ensuring system stability and safety. Furthermore, a top-down magnetoacoustic guided wave signal excitation control system architecture is adopted, combined with a bottom-up multi-channel parallel laser array scanning acquisition and integrated communication architecture, to construct an efficient and reliable signal excitation and acquisition platform. Simultaneously, based on the constructed coupling crosstalk model of the multi-channel excitation and received signals, the mutual influence between channels is optimized, reducing errors caused by signal crosstalk and improving the overall system performance.

[0071] Step S102: A laser vibration measuring device is arranged on the laser receiving area of ​​the high-temperature pipeline. The laser vibration measuring device is controlled by the receiving control module to receive the vibration signal and the corresponding electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal in the full circumference of the laser receiving area. The vibration signal is determined by the echo signal generated when the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagates to the crack or boundary on the high-temperature pipeline.

[0072] It should be noted that the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal generated in the above steps propagates along the high-temperature pipeline. When it encounters a crack, the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal will interact with the crack to form an echo signal. When it does not encounter a crack, the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal will continue to propagate forward until it encounters the boundary of the pipeline (such as the two ends of the pipeline or the weld), where it will form an echo signal.

[0073] Specifically, the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave generated in this application interacts with the crack, and its mechanism and effect differ depending on the crack size. In this embodiment, cracks on the high-temperature pipeline can be divided into macroscopic cracks and microscopic cracks. For macroscopic cracks with a length greater than or equal to 1 mm, the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave interacts with the macroscopic crack, generating a linear reflected wave response based on the reflection principle of ultrasonic guided waves. For microscopic cracks with a length less than 1 mm, the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave interacts with the microscopic crack, generating a nonlinear response echo based on the breathing effect principle of microscopic cracks. The generated echo signal is the vibration signal that can be detected by the laser vibration measuring device.

[0074] Based on the above principles, such as Figure 2As shown, this application arranges a laser vibration measurement device above the laser receiving area of ​​the high-temperature pipeline. The receiving control module controls the laser vibration measurement device to receive various vibration signals and corresponding electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals in the full circumference within the laser receiving area 23. The electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal corresponding to the vibration signal refers to the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal that generated the vibration signal.

[0075] In practical implementation, as an example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the laser vibration measuring device is fixed above the laser receiving area using a guide rail bracket. The laser vibration measuring device can move 360° around the circumference of the pipeline, thereby realizing the full circumferential reception of the pipeline vibration signal.

[0076] Step S103: The vibration signal is preprocessed by the signal conditioning module and then uploaded to the host computer.

[0077] Specifically, the circumferential vibration signal received by the laser vibration measuring device is transmitted to the signal conditioning module for preliminary conditioning (i.e., preprocessing) and then uploaded to the host computer.

[0078] As one possible implementation, the signal conditioning module can perform preliminary conditioning on the vibration signal measured by the laser vibration measuring device. Specific conditioning methods include, but are not limited to, signal filtering, signal amplification, and signal denoising.

[0079] Furthermore, switch to the next electromagnetic excitation probe and sequentially traverse S2 to S... N For each probe switched in each round, the same operation is repeated in steps S101 (excitation of electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal) and S102 to S103. After traversing all N probes, one online monitoring cycle of the high-temperature pipeline is completed. The online monitoring frequency can then be adjusted according to actual monitoring needs.

[0080] In one embodiment of this application, the excitation time interval for each electromagnetic excitation probe to sequentially excite electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals satisfies the following formula:

[0081] ΔT2>ΔT1×k

[0082] Where k represents the number of times the laser vibration measuring device moves during the 360° circumferential signal acquisition process.

[0083] Step S104: Using the guided wave positioning algorithm, the vibration signals and electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals corresponding to each electromagnetic excitation probe received by the host computer are processed to obtain the crack location information in the high-temperature pipeline.

[0084] Specifically, the various vibration signals received by the host computer are analyzed and processed, and a guided wave localization algorithm is used to obtain the crack location information in the high-temperature pipeline. Since multiple cracks may exist at different locations in high-temperature pipelines in practical applications, the vibration signals received by the host computer can be detection signals from different probes targeting different cracks, or detection signals from probes at different locations targeting the same crack. This application analyzes and processes each vibration signal to improve the comprehensiveness of online pipeline crack monitoring, fully detecting cracks at different locations. Furthermore, analyzing, processing, and comparing different vibration signals for the same crack can improve the accuracy of online pipeline crack monitoring.

[0085] In one embodiment of this application, a guided wave localization algorithm is used to process the vibration signals and electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals corresponding to each electromagnetic excitation probe received by the host computer. The process includes the following steps: first, performing signal processing and feature analysis on any vibration signal received by the host computer to obtain signal features containing pipeline crack information; then, calculating the time difference between the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation signal and the signal features corresponding to any vibration signal; and finally, calculating the crack location information detected by any vibration signal based on the time difference and the propagation speed of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave in the high-temperature pipeline.

[0086] Specifically, in this embodiment, when performing signal analysis and processing using the guided wave positioning algorithm, the vibration signal received by the host computer is first processed and its features are analyzed to obtain signal features containing pipeline crack information; then, the time difference Δt between the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation signal received by the host computer and the pipeline crack signal features is calculated; finally, the location information d of the pipeline crack is calculated according to the following formula:

[0087] d=Δt×v / 2

[0088] Where d represents the distance between the pipe crack and the laser receiving area along the propagation direction of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave.

[0089] In summary, the online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling in this application embodiment can effectively monitor and accurately locate cracks in high-temperature pipelines under normal operating conditions, and is a non-contact online monitoring method. The high-energy ultrasonic guided wave transducer used in this method is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, enabling non-contact excitation of guided waves. Furthermore, different guided wave effects are employed for cracks of different sizes, allowing for the simultaneous and effective identification of both macroscopic and micro-cracks in high-temperature pipelines. This method uses a laser vibration meter to collect weak guided wave vibration signals, offering advantages such as non-contact and high-precision measurement, enabling high-precision acquisition of guided wave signals in high-temperature pipeline environments. This method allows for the detection and location of overall defects in high-temperature pipelines by installing a monitoring device at only one end, improving the convenience and accuracy of online crack monitoring in high-temperature pipelines.

[0090] To implement the above embodiments, the present invention also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling described in the second aspect of the present application.

[0091] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the use of illustrative expressions for the above terms in multiple embodiments or examples does not imply that these embodiments or examples are identical. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0092] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0093] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0094] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0095] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0097] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0098] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an electromagnetic excitation array probe, an excitation control module, a laser vibration measurement device, a receiving control module, a signal conditioning module, and a host computer; among which, The electromagnetic excitation array probe includes multiple electromagnetic excitation probes, each of which includes a racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil and an interleaved folding AC coil. The racetrack-shaped multi-turn excitation coil is used to provide a high-energy bias magnetic field for exciting electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals. The interleaved folding AC coil is used to induce eddy currents along a corresponding path in the high-temperature pipe to excite horizontal shear SH guided waves. The interleaved folding AC coil consists of two folding coils placed alternately in space. The excitation control module is connected to the electromagnetic excitation array probe, and the excitation control module is used to control the order in which the multiple electromagnetic excitation probes excite the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal; The laser vibration measuring device is used to receive the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagating in the high-temperature pipeline to be monitored and the vibration signal caused when it encounters cracks or pipeline boundaries. The receiving control module is connected to the laser vibration measuring device, and the receiving control module is used to control the receiving position of the laser vibration measuring device; The signal conditioning module is connected to the laser vibration measuring device. The signal conditioning module is used to preprocess the vibration signal sent by the laser vibration measuring device and upload the preprocessed vibration signal to the host computer. The host computer is used to analyze and process the preprocessed vibration signal using a guided wave positioning algorithm to obtain the location information of the crack in the high-temperature pipeline.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of electromagnetic excitation probes are uniformly arranged on the surface of the electromagnetic excitation region along the circumference of the high-temperature pipe, and sequentially excite electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals with high energy.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the location of the excitation control module and the surface of the high-temperature pipe is greater than the threshold distance at which the high temperature on the surface of the high-temperature pipe has an impact.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser vibration measuring device is mounted above the laser receiving area of ​​the high-temperature pipeline using a guide rail bracket. The guide rail bracket is also used to support the laser vibration measuring device to move around the entire circumference of the high-temperature pipeline in order to collect the vibration signal of the high-temperature pipeline in the entire circumference.

5. A method for online monitoring of high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling, characterized in that, The monitoring method, applied to the high-temperature pipeline crack online monitoring device based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling as described in any one of claims 1-4, comprises the following steps: Multiple electromagnetic excitation probes are uniformly arranged in the electromagnetic excitation region of the high-temperature pipeline, and each electromagnetic excitation probe is controlled by an excitation control module to sequentially excite periodic electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals with high energy. A laser vibration measuring device is arranged on the laser receiving area of ​​the high-temperature pipeline. The laser vibration measuring device is controlled by a receiving control module to receive the vibration signal and the corresponding electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal in the full circumference of the laser receiving area. The vibration signal is determined by the echo signal generated when the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagates to the crack or boundary on the high-temperature pipeline. The vibration signal is preprocessed by the signal conditioning module, and the preprocessed vibration signal is uploaded to the host computer. A guided wave positioning algorithm is used to process the vibration signals and electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals corresponding to each of the electromagnetic excitation probes received by the host computer to obtain the crack location information in the high-temperature pipeline.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cracks on the high-temperature pipeline include macroscopic cracks and microscopic cracks. When the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagates to the macroscopic crack, a linear reflected wave response is generated based on the reflection principle of ultrasonic guided waves. When the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal propagates to the microcrack, a nonlinear response echo is generated based on the breathing effect of the microcrack.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The period of the periodic electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal excited by the electromagnetic excitation probe satisfies the following formula: in, This indicates the period of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal. L Indicates the length of the high-temperature pipe. v This indicates the propagation speed of electromagnetic ultrasonic guided waves in high-temperature pipes.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The excitation time interval for each of the electromagnetic excitation probes to sequentially excite the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signal satisfies the following formula: in, k This indicates the number of times the laser vibration measuring device moves during the 360° circumferential signal acquisition process.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process employs a guided wave localization algorithm to process the vibration signals and electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave signals corresponding to each of the electromagnetic excitation probes received by the host computer, including: The host computer performs signal processing and feature analysis on any vibration signal received to obtain signal features containing pipeline crack information. Calculate the time difference between the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation signal corresponding to any vibration signal and the signal characteristics; Based on the time difference and the propagation speed of the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave in the high-temperature pipeline, the crack location information detected by any vibration signal is calculated.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the online monitoring method for high-temperature pipeline cracks based on electro-acoustic-optical coupling as described in any one of claims 5-9.

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