An integrated three-position disconnecting switch and its installation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution equipment, and discloses an integrated three-position disconnector and an installation method thereof. The integrated three-position disconnector includes a switch cabinet. Inside the switch cabinet, there are respectively a cable chamber, an instrument chamber, a trolley chamber and a bus chamber. The cable chamber is located at the lower part of the switch cabinet. Inside the cable chamber, there are respectively an earthing switch and a current sensor. The earthing switch includes a knife base and a mounting seat. A first rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the mounting seat. Three equally spaced contact blades are arranged on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft; Under the action of the electromagnet, the present invention can release the constraint on the rotating plate, enabling the rotating plate to be readjusted to avoid the situation of being out of position. Through the mutual cooperation of the electromagnet and the air storage cylinder, the counterweight can be extended outwards, increasing the force arm, thereby prompting the rotating plate to rotate, enabling the contact blade to move to a proper position and making the circuit connected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution equipment, and particularly relates to an integrated three-position disconnector and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The existing switchgear is an electrical device. The main function of the switchgear is to open, close, control, and protect electrical equipment during the processes of power generation, transmission, distribution, and power conversion in the power system. The components inside the switchgear mainly include circuit breakers, disconnectors, load switches, operating mechanisms, instrument transformers, and various protection devices. There are many classification methods for switchgear. For example, according to the installation method of the circuit breaker, it can be divided into withdrawable switchgear and fixed switchgear.

[0003] A three-position disconnector cabinet for rail transit with the publication number of CN114999853A includes a cabinet body. A three-position switch, a control device, a limiting mechanism, and an operating mechanism are arranged inside the cabinet body. The three-position switch includes a closing knife head, a disconnector, and an earthing switch. The closing knife head is adapted to form an isolating position at the disconnector, the closing knife head is adapted to form an earthing position at the earthing position, and the closing knife head is adapted to form a tripping position between the disconnector and the earthing switch. The control device includes a driver, a drive shaft, and a connecting rod assembly. The connecting rod assembly connects the drive shaft and the closing knife head. The limiting mechanism is adapted to prevent the closing knife head from moving to the isolating position or the earthing position. The operating mechanism is adapted to sense the rotation stroke of the drive shaft to control the driver.

[0004] A high-voltage switchgear with the publication number of CN117791385B belongs to the technical field of switchgear. It includes a cabinet body. A first housing is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the switchgear. A condensing pipe is arranged inside the first housing. Opposite ends of the condensing pipe are respectively fixedly connected to opposite inner walls of the first housing. A conveying device for conveying cold water into the condensing pipe is arranged at the first housing. A first through opening is formed in the switchgear close to the first housing side. The switchgear is communicated with the first housing at the first through opening. A first exhaust fan is installed in the switchgear at the first through opening. A rotating assembly for driving the first exhaust fan to rotate is arranged at the condensing pipe.

[0005] Based on the above solution, a switch is required to cut off and connect power when the switchgear is in use. However, for safety reasons, most switches are installed inside the cabinet body, and the accurate state of the switch cannot be directly observed. When the contact blade is moved by an external control rod, various situations may occur. When the rotation angle is less than 90 degrees, the contact may not be achieved, resulting in a leakage situation. When the rotation angle is greater than 90 degrees, an offside situation will occur and closing cannot be performed. When the rotation angle is close to 90 degrees, since a reset device is provided for convenience of disconnection, if it is not fixed thoroughly at this time, the contact blade will retract, causing a certain misalignment between the contact blade and the knife seat, affecting circuit transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated three-position disconnector and its installation method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An integrated three-position disconnector includes a switchgear cabinet. Inside the switchgear cabinet, there are respectively a cable chamber, an instrument chamber, a handcart chamber, and a bus chamber. The cable chamber is located at the lower part of the switchgear cabinet;

[0008] Inside the cable chamber, there are respectively an earthing switch and a current sensor. The earthing switch includes a knife seat and a mounting seat. A first rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the mounting seat. Three equally spaced contact blades are provided on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft. An adjustment component is provided on the right part of the outer surface of the first rotating shaft. A limiting ring is provided on the right side wall of the mounting seat, and the limiting ring and the first rotating shaft are concentric. A group of circumferentially arranged card slots are provided on the inner wall of the limiting ring;

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment component includes a rotating plate. Inside the rotating plate, there are respectively a first cavity and a second cavity. A limiting plate is slidably connected inside the first cavity. An electromagnet is provided on the inner bottom wall of the first cavity. A first pressing plate capable of sliding left and right is provided inside the second cavity. An air bag is provided on the inner bottom wall of the second cavity. A group of equally spaced air supply pipes are provided on the upper surface of the air bag. The right side surface of the air bag is communicated with a blocking air pipe, and the right end of the blocking air pipe penetrates through the rotating plate. A distance sensor is provided on the left side wall of the second cavity.

[0010] The adjustment component can automatically adjust the position of the contact blade so that the contact blade is finally at 90 degrees with the knife seat, achieving the purpose of connecting the circuit and avoiding situations of being out of place or overstepping.

[0011] Preferably, the air blocking pipe includes a through pipe, with a first air collecting ring and a second air collecting ring respectively provided at both ends of the through pipe. The inner diameter of the first air collecting ring gradually decreases from left to right along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the second air collecting ring gradually increases from left to right along the axial direction. A limiting rod is inserted into the left side surface of the air bag, and the right end of the limiting rod extends into the interior of the air blocking pipe. The left end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first pressing plate.

[0012] Preferably, two symmetrically arranged air storage cylinders are provided on the right side surface of the rotating plate. An air inlet pipe is provided at the lower end of each air storage cylinder, and the lower end of each air inlet pipe is communicated with the air blocking pipe. A push rod is slidably connected inside each air storage cylinder, and a counterweight block is provided at the upper ends of the two push rods.

[0013] Preferably, two symmetrically arranged through grooves are formed on the left side surface of the rotating plate. A guiding block and a second pressing plate are respectively slidably connected inside each through groove. The two guiding blocks are fixedly connected to the first pressing plate. Two symmetrically arranged springs are provided between each second pressing plate and the second cavity.

[0014] Preferably, a first bevel gear is provided at the left end of the first rotating shaft. A control shaft is provided on the front wall of the cable chamber, and the front end of the control shaft penetrates through the cable chamber. A second bevel gear is provided at the rear end of the control shaft, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear. A second rotating shaft is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the mounting seat. A group of first fixing blocks arranged at equal distances are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the second rotating shaft. A second fixing block is hinged to the outer surface of each contact blade. Springs are provided between each group of second fixing blocks and the first fixing blocks.

[0015] Preferably, a group of first conductive plates arranged at equal distances are provided on the front surface of the current sensor. A line lightning arrester and a grounding main bus are respectively provided at the lower ends of the first conductive plates. A group of second conductive plates arranged at equal distances are provided on the upper surface of the current sensor. A first electrical interface is provided on the front surface of each second conductive plate, and the first electrical interface penetrates through the cable chamber. A knife seat is provided on the front surface of each first conductive plate, and the knife seat corresponds to the contact blade.

[0016] Preferably, both the bus chamber and the instrument chamber are arranged at the upper part of the cable chamber. A group of third conductive plates arranged at equal distances are provided inside the bus chamber, and the lower ends of the third conductive plates penetrate through the bus chamber. A second electrical interface is provided on the front surface of each third conductive plate. A microcomputer protection device is provided inside the instrument chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the trolley compartment is arranged in the front of the cable compartment. A circuit breaker is slidably connected inside the trolley compartment, and the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the microcomputer protection device. A group of busbar contacts and outgoing line contacts arranged at equal distances are respectively provided on the back of the circuit breaker. The busbar contacts extend into the second electrical interface, and the outgoing line contacts extend into the second electrical interface.

[0018] The present invention also provides an installation method for an integrated three-position disconnector, and the specific operation method steps are as follows:

[0019] Step 1: Draw BIM drawings according to the construction drawings and conduct online simulation;

[0020] Step 2: According to the on-site conditions, conduct on-site confirmation, paste identification labels, and mark the positions of the base anchor bolts, and then conduct drilling and installation. After the installation is completed, level the base, measure the base with a level, and ensure that the height difference is within 2 mm;

[0021] Step 3: After the base is leveled, drill holes and fix the wire trough according to the position of the base and the wall. Transport the switchgear to the designated position by a rail car, hoist the switchgear onto the base by a manual hoist, and fix it with connecting bolts;

[0022] Step 4: After the switchgear is installed, conduct cable laying, lay it according to the predetermined path and fix it with cable fixing clamps. The cables are arranged in parallel, neatly, beautifully, and naturally, easy to identify, and cannot be overlapped; the first conductive plate, the second conductive plate, and the third conductive plate are installed neatly, firmly, and reliably, and are arranged evenly and reasonably. At the corners with cable fixing clamps, an insulating gasket should be added between the cable and the wall to avoid damaging the cable insulation layer;

[0023] Step 5: After the cables are fixed, use a crimping pliers to crimp the 185-type copper terminal on the cable end, and the crimping torque meets the standards and design requirements. Then use a heat shrinkable tube for protection, fix it with a blowtorch, and finally install it at the busbar electrical connection clamp and the copper busbar inside the cabinet;

[0024] Step 6: After the terminal is installed, install the grounding flat steel, connect each cable fixing clamp with the grounding flat steel. Use a special bending tool to bend the grounding flat steel at the turning point, and use four M10 bolts to connect the overlapping part of the two grounding flat steels, all meeting the standards and design requirements. Finally, connect the grounding flat steel with the copper-clad steel of the substation support with a soft copper stranded wire, and connect the shell of the switchgear with the copper-clad steel of the substation support with a 150 mm cable to ensure grounding continuity;

[0025] Step 7: Clean the site and remove the materials.

[0026] The technical effects of the present invention:

[0027] 1. The present invention can detect the distance between the first pressing plate and the distance sensor in real time through the distance sensor. The greater the distance between the two, the greater the rotation angle of the contact knife at this time, and vice versa. Thus, the position of the contact knife can be reflected according to the distance, and then the adjustment component can be used to select an appropriate method to straighten it to avoid dislocation.

[0028] 2. Under the action of the electromagnet, the present invention can release the restraint on the rotating plate, enabling the rotating plate to readjust and avoid the situation of not being in place. Through the mutual cooperation of the electromagnet and the air storage cylinder, the counterweight can extend outward, increasing the force arm, thereby prompting the rotating plate to rotate, enabling the contact knife to move to the appropriate position and connecting the circuit.

[0029] 3. Through the mutual cooperation of the first pressing plate and the air blocking pipe, the present invention can make the limiting plate gradually extend outward after moving to the appropriate position, insert it into the internal card slot, and fix it to avoid retraction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the mounting seat structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the limiting ring of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rotating plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the rotating plate structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the air bag of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker structure of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, switch cabinet; 2, cable chamber; 3, instrument chamber; 4, trolley chamber; 5, earthing switch; 501, knife seat; 502, mounting seat; 503, first rotating shaft; 504, contact knife; 505, limiting ring; 506, clamping groove; 6, current sensor; 7, adjustment assembly; 701, rotating plate; 702, first cavity; 703, second cavity; 704, limiting plate; 705, electromagnet; 706, first pressing plate; 707, air bag; 708, air supply pipe; 8, air blocking pipe; 801, through pipe; 802, first air gathering ring; 803, second air gathering ring; 9, limiting rod; 10, air storage cylinder; 11, air inlet pipe; 12, push rod; 13, counterweight; 14, through slot; 15, guiding block; 16, second pressing plate; 17, first bevel gear; 18, control shaft; 19, second bevel gear; 20, second rotating shaft; 21, first fixing block; 22, second fixing block; 23, first conductive plate; 24, line lightning arrester; 25, main earthing busbar; 26, second conductive plate; 27, first electrical interface; 28, busbar chamber; 29, third conductive plate; 30, second electrical interface; 31, microcomputer protection equipment; 32, circuit breaker; 33, busbar contact; 34, outgoing line contact. Specific embodiments

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] First embodiment

[0041] The present invention provides an integrated three-position disconnector as Figures 1 to 8 shown, including a switch cabinet 1. Inside the switch cabinet 1, there are respectively a cable chamber 2, an instrument chamber 3, a trolley chamber 4, and a busbar chamber 28. The cable chamber 2 is located at the lower part of the switch cabinet 1. The cable chamber 2 is used to connect external cables, usually the cable connection points for entering and leaving the switch cabinet 1, and the cable chamber 2 being located at the lower part facilitates connection to the ground wire.

[0042] Inside the cable chamber 2, a grounding switch 5 and a current sensor 6 are respectively provided. The grounding switch 5 includes a knife base 501 and a mounting base 502. A first rotating shaft 503 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the mounting base 502. Three equally spaced contact blades 504 are provided on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft 503. The contact blades 504 can rotate with the first rotating shaft 503 to make the contact blades 504 contact or separate from the knife base 501, achieving the purpose of connecting or disconnecting the circuit. An adjustment assembly 7 is provided on the right part of the outer surface of the first rotating shaft 503. The adjustment assembly 7 can automatically adjust the position of the contact blade 504 so that the contact blade 504 is finally at a 90-degree angle with the knife base 501, achieving the purpose of connecting the circuit and avoiding the situation of being out of position or overstepping the boundary. A limiting ring 505 is provided on the right side wall of the mounting base 502, and the limiting ring 505 is concentric with the first rotating shaft 503. A group of circumferentially arranged card slots 506 are opened on the inner wall of the limiting ring 505. Under the constraint of the card slots 506, the position of the adjustment assembly 7 can be effectively constrained to avoid the adjustment assembly 7 from retracting.

[0043] The adjustment component 7 includes a rotating plate 701. Inside the rotating plate 701, a first cavity 702 and a second cavity 703 are respectively formed. A certain amount of gas is filled inside the first cavity 702, which can make the limiting plate 704 extend outwards. When restricted, it can make the limiting plate 704 contract towards the inside of the first cavity 702, and at the same time compress the gas inside the first cavity 702. After the restraining force disappears, under the action of air pressure, it can make the limiting plate 704 quickly reset to achieve the purpose of clamping and limiting, avoiding the situation of backward movement. The limiting plate 704 is slidably connected inside the first cavity 702. The limiting plate 704 is made of metal and can be attracted by the electromagnet 705. The right side surface of the limiting plate 704 is arc-shaped to prevent jamming. An electromagnet 705 is provided on the inner bottom wall of the first cavity 702. When the electromagnet 705 is energized, it can generate a magnetic attraction force to attract the limiting plate 704 and the second pressing plate 16, making the two approach the electromagnet 705 to achieve the purpose of freely adjusting the positions of the limiting plate 704 and the second pressing plate 16. A first pressing plate 706 that can slide left and right is provided inside the second cavity 703. When the rotation angle of the rotating plate 701 continuously increases, the inclination angle of the first pressing plate 706 gradually increases, making the first pressing plate 706 gradually move to the right to compress the air bag 707. An air bag 707 is provided on the inner bottom wall of the second cavity 703. A group of air supply pipes 708 arranged at equal intervals are provided on the upper surface of the air bag 707. The right side surface of the air bag 707 is communicated with a blocking air pipe 8, and the right end of the blocking air pipe 8 penetrates through the rotating plate 701. A distance sensor is provided on the left side wall of the second cavity 703. The distance sensor can continuously detect the distance between the first pressing plate 706 and the distance sensor. The larger the distance between the two, the greater the rotation angle of the touch knife 504 at this time, and vice versa. Thus, the position of the touch knife 504 can be reflected according to the distance, and then the adjustment component 7 is used to select an appropriate method to straighten it to avoid misalignment.

[0044] The blocking air pipe 8 includes a through pipe 801. A first air gathering ring 802 and a second air gathering ring 803 are respectively provided at both ends of the through pipe 801. The inner diameter of the first air gathering ring 802 gradually decreases from left to right along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the second air gathering ring 803 gradually increases from left to right along the axial direction. A limiting rod 9 is inserted into the left side surface of the air bag 707, and the right end of the limiting rod 9 extends into the inside of the blocking air pipe 8. Through the cooperation of the limiting rod 9 and the blocking air pipe 8, the blocking air pipe 8 can be opened or closed according to the actual situation. The left end of the limiting rod 9 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first pressing plate 706.

[0045] On the right side of the rotating plate 701, there are two symmetrically arranged air storage cylinders 10. At the lower end of each air storage cylinder 10, there is an air inlet pipe 11. The lower end of each air inlet pipe 11 is communicated with the air blocking pipe 8. Inside each air storage cylinder 10, there is a push rod 12 slidably connected. At the upper ends of the two push rods 12, there is a counterweight block 13. When the air blocking pipe 8 is opened, gas enters the inside of the air storage cylinder 10 through the air blocking pipe 8, and the gas inside the air storage cylinder 10 gradually increases. Under the action of air pressure, the counterweight block 13 is pushed outward by the push rod 12, making it move away from the first rotating shaft 503. Since the position of the counterweight block 13 is changed, the force arm increases, causing the rotating plate 701 to move again, avoiding the situation of incomplete contact.

[0046] On the left side of the rotating plate 701, there are two symmetrically arranged through slots 14. Inside each through slot 14, a guiding block 15 and a second pressing plate 16 are slidably connected respectively. The second pressing plate 16 is made of metal and can be attracted by the electromagnet 705, causing the two second pressing plates 16 to move away from the first pressing plate 706. By reducing the friction force between them, the first pressing plate 706 can slide to the right more easily. The two guiding blocks 15 are fixedly connected to the first pressing plate 706. The guiding blocks 15 play a certain constraining role, enabling the first pressing plate 706 to move along a specified trajectory. Between each second pressing plate 16 and the second cavity 703, there are two symmetrically arranged springs. Under the action of the springs, the second pressing plate 16 contacts the first pressing plate 706, increasing the friction coefficient between them and avoiding the situation of sliding as soon as it starts to tilt.

[0047] At the left end of the first rotating shaft 503, there is a first bevel gear 17. On the front wall of the cable chamber 2, there is a control shaft 18, and the front end of the control shaft 18 penetrates through the cable chamber 2. At the rear end of the control shaft 18, there is a second bevel gear 19, and the first bevel gear 17 meshes with the second bevel gear 19. Between the inner walls of the mounting seat 502, there is a second rotating shaft 20 fixedly connected. On the outer surface of the second rotating shaft 20, there is a group of equally spaced first fixing blocks 21 rotatably connected. On the outer surface of each contact blade 504, there is a second fixing block 22 hinged. Between each group of second fixing blocks 22 and the first fixing blocks 21, there are springs. With the mutual cooperation of the springs, the second fixing blocks 22 and the first fixing blocks 21, the contact blade 504 can be quickly reset to achieve the purpose of disconnection.

[0048] On the front surface of the current sensor 6, there is a group of equally spaced first conductive plates 23. At the lower ends of the first conductive plates 23, there are a line lightning arrester 24 and a grounding main bus 25 respectively. On the upper surface of the current sensor 6, there is a group of equally spaced second conductive plates 26. On the front surface of each second conductive plate 26, there is a first electrical interface 27, and the first electrical interface 27 penetrates through the cable chamber 2. On the front surface of each first conductive plate 23, there is a tool holder 501, and the tool holder 501 corresponds to the contact blade 504.

[0049] The busbar chamber 28 and the instrument chamber 3 are both arranged above the cable chamber 2. The busbar chamber 28 is used to connect and distribute high-voltage or low-voltage busbars in the power system. The busbar chamber 28 usually contains main busbars and branch busbars, and can also transmit electric energy from one power source point to multiple load points. The instrument chamber 3 is used to install various measuring and indicating instruments, such as voltage meters, ammeters, wattmeters, etc., and can also monitor and control the operating state of the power system, providing necessary operation signals. Inside the busbar chamber 28, a group of third conductive plates 29 arranged at equal distances are provided, and the lower ends of the third conductive plates 29 penetrate through the busbar chamber 28. A second electrical interface 30 is provided on the front of each third conductive plate 29. Inside the instrument chamber 3, a microcomputer protection device 31 is provided. The handcart chamber 4 is arranged in front of the cable chamber 2. The handcart chamber 4 is used to install a movable handcart. The handcart can be conveniently pushed into and pulled out of the switchgear 1, and at the same time, the operation safety is improved because when the handcart is in the pulled-out state, it can ensure that the operator keeps a safe distance from the live part. A circuit breaker 32 is slidably connected inside the handcart chamber 4, and the circuit breaker 32 is electrically connected to the microcomputer protection device 31. On the back of the circuit breaker 32, a group of busbar contacts 33 and outgoing line contacts 34 arranged at equal distances are provided respectively. The busbar contacts 33 extend into the second electrical interface 30, and the outgoing line contacts 34 extend into the second electrical interface 30.

[0050] During actual use, manually rotate the control shaft 18 to drive the second bevel gear 19 at the rear end to rotate. Under the meshing action, the first bevel gear 17 drives the first rotating shaft 503 to rotate, so that each contact blade 504 rotates along the first rotating shaft 503 to achieve the purpose of closing the switch.

[0051] When the detected value of the distance sensor is lower than the threshold value, it indicates that the contact blade 504 cannot move to the specified position at this time, and the following adjustments are required:

[0052] At this time, the rotating plate 701 is in an inclined state. The electromagnet 705 is activated to generate a magnetic suction force. Under the action of the magnetic suction force, each first pressing plate 706 and the limiting plate 704 are respectively moved closer to the position of the electromagnet 705. When the limiting plate 704 gradually moves downward under the magnetic suction force, under the squeezing action, the gas inside the first cavity 702 passes through the air supply pipe 708, successively passes through the air bag 707 and the air blocking pipe 8, and enters the air storage cylinder 10 inside, causing the gas inside the air storage cylinder 10 to gradually increase. Under the action of the air pressure, the counterweight 13 is pushed outward through the push rod 12, making it move away from the first rotating shaft 503. Since the position of the counterweight 13 is changed, the force arm increases, causing the rotating plate 701 to move again, enabling the cutting tool 504 to contact the tool holder 501. At the same time, when the second pressing plate 16 moves away from the first pressing plate 706, the friction between the two is reduced, increasing the sliding distance of the first pressing plate 706 to the right, increasing the squeezing force on the air bag 707, and causing the gas inside the air bag 707 to also enter the two air storage cylinders 10 through the air blocking pipe 8, further increasing the internal gas. Under the action of the push rod 12, the extending distance of the counterweight 13 outward increases again. Since the position of the counterweight 13 is changed, the force arm increases, causing the rotating plate 701 to move again, making the cutting tool and the tool holder 501 form a 90-degree angle, avoiding the situation of dislocation.

[0053] When the detected value of the distance sensor gradually approaches the threshold value, it indicates that the cutting tool 504 is about to move to the specified position at this time. At this time, the moving distance of the first pressing plate 706 according to gravity gradually reaches the maximum, driving the limiting rod 9 to gradually move into the through pipe 801. Since the inner diameter of the first air-gathering ring 802 gradually decreases from left to right along the axial direction, when it moves to a certain extent, the air blocking pipe 8 can be closed, causing the subsequent gas squeezed by the air bag 707 to enter the first cavity 702 through the air supply pipe 708. Under the action of the air pressure, the limiting plate 704 extends outward into the card slot 506 to achieve the purpose of limiting and fixing.

[0054] When the detected value of the distance sensor is greater than the threshold value, it indicates that the cutting tool 504 has moved beyond the tool holder 501 at this time. The following adjustments need to be made:

[0055] At this time, the rotating plate 701 tilts again. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight 13 gradually moves downward. Under the action of the push rod 12, a negative pressure is generated inside the air storage cylinder 10. Under the action of the negative pressure, the limiting rod 9 extends again along the trajectory of the air blocking pipe 8 to the position of the second air gathering ring 803. Since the inner diameter of the second air gathering ring 803 gradually increases from left to right along the axial direction, the gas entering the inside of the air storage cylinder 10 increases, and the air inside the first cavity 702 is evacuated. The limiting plate 704 contracts into the first cavity 702 to release the limit. Since the rotation angle of the rotating plate 701 is greater than 90 degrees at this time, the tensile force of the spring is greater than the gravity of the rotating plate 701 at this time. Under the action of elasticity, the contact knife 504 can be pulled back to the specified position and fixed again.

[0056] Second Embodiment

[0057] The present invention also provides an installation method for an integrated three-position disconnect switch. The specific operation method steps are as follows:

[0058] Step 1: Draw BIM drawings according to the construction drawings and conduct online simulations.

[0059] Step 2: According to the on-site conditions, conduct on-site confirmation, label pasting, and marking of the base anchor bolt positions. Then, drill holes for installation. After installation, level the base. Use a level to measure the base to ensure that the height difference is within 2 mm.

[0060] Step 3: After the base is leveled, drill holes and fix the wire trough according to the position of the base and the wall. Transport the switchgear 1 to the designated position by a rail car, hoist the switchgear 1 onto the base using a manual hoist, and fix it using connecting bolts.

[0061] Step 4: After the switchgear 1 is installed, lay the cables. Lay them according to the predetermined path and fix them using cable fixing clamps. The cables are arranged in parallel neatly, beautifully and naturally, and are easy to identify without overlapping. The first conductive plate 23, the second conductive plate 26, and the third conductive plate 29 are installed neatly, firmly and reliably, and are arranged evenly and reasonably. At the corners with cable fixing clamps, an insulating gasket should be added between the cable and the wall to avoid damaging the cable insulation layer.

[0062] Step 5: After the cables are fixed, use a crimping pliers to crimp the 185-type copper terminal to the cable end. The crimping torque meets the standards and design requirements. Then, use a heat shrinkable tube for protection, fix it using a blowtorch, and finally install it at the busbar electrical connection clamp and the copper busbar inside the cabinet.

[0063] Step 6: After the terminal blocks are installed, install the earthing flat steel. Connect each cable fixing clamp with the earthing flat steel. Use a special bending tool to bend the flat steel at the turning points. Connect the overlapping parts of two flat steels with four M10 bolts, all meeting the standards and design requirements. Finally, connect the earthing flat steel with the copper-clad steel of the substation support using flexible copper stranded wire, and connect the shell of Switchgear 1 with the copper-clad steel of the substation support using a 150 mm cable to ensure the continuity of earthing.

[0064] Step 7: Clean up the site and remove the materials.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated three-position disconnecting switch, comprising a switchgear cabinet (1), characterized in that, Inside the switchgear cabinet (1), there are respectively a cable chamber (2), an instrument chamber (3), a trolley chamber (4) and a bus chamber (28). The cable chamber (2) is located at the lower part of the switchgear cabinet (1). Inside the cable chamber (2), there are respectively an earthing switch (5) and a current sensor (6). The earthing switch (5) includes a knife base (501) and a mounting base (502). A first rotating shaft (503) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the mounting base (502). There are three equally spaced contact blades (504) on the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (503). An adjusting component (7) is arranged on the right part of the outer surface of the first rotating shaft (503). A limiting ring (505) is arranged on the right side wall of the mounting base (502), and the limiting ring (505) and the first rotating shaft (503) are concentric. A group of circumferentially arranged clamping grooves (506) are formed on the inner wall of the limiting ring (505). The adjusting component (7) includes a rotating plate (701). Inside the rotating plate (701), there are respectively a first cavity (702) and a second cavity (703). A limiting plate (704) is slidably connected inside the first cavity (702). An electromagnet (705) is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the first cavity (702). A first pressing plate (706) that can slide left and right is arranged inside the second cavity (703). An air bag (707) is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the second cavity (703). A group of equally spaced air supply pipes (708) are arranged on the upper surface of the air bag (707). The right side of the air bag (707) is communicated with a gas blocking pipe (8), and the right end of the gas blocking pipe (8) penetrates through the rotating plate (701). A distance sensor is arranged on the left side wall of the second cavity (703). The gas blocking pipe (8) includes a through pipe (801). A first air gathering ring (802) and a second air gathering ring (803) are respectively arranged at both ends of the through pipe (801). The inner diameter of the first air gathering ring (802) gradually decreases from left to right along the axial direction. The inner diameter of the second air gathering ring (803) gradually increases from left to right along the axial direction. A limiting rod (9) is inserted into the left side surface of the air bag (707), and the right end of the limiting rod (9) extends into the inside of the gas blocking pipe (8). The left end of the limiting rod (9) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first pressing plate (706). Two symmetrically arranged air storage cylinders (10) are arranged on the right side surface of the rotating plate (701). An air inlet pipe (11) is arranged at the lower end of each air storage cylinder (10). The lower end of each air inlet pipe (11) is communicated with the gas blocking pipe (8). A push rod (12) is slidably connected inside each air storage cylinder (10). A counterweight block (13) is arranged at the upper ends of the two push rods (12). The limit plate (704) is made of metal and can be attracted by the electromagnet (705). When the limit plate (704) moves downward gradually under the magnetic attraction, under the extrusion effect, the gas inside the first cavity (702) passes through the air supply pipe (708) and successively passes through the air bag (707) and the air blocking pipe (8) to enter the inside of the air storage cylinder (10), so that the gas inside the air storage cylinder (10) gradually increases. Under the action of the air pressure, the counterweight block (13) is pushed outward through the push rod (12).

2. The integrated three-position disconnecting switch according to claim 1, wherein Two symmetrically arranged through slots (14) are formed in the left side surface of the rotating plate (701). A guide block (15) and a second extrusion plate (16) are respectively and slidably connected inside each through slot (14). The two guide blocks (15) are fixedly connected to the first extrusion plate (706), and two symmetrically arranged springs are provided between each second extrusion plate (16) and the second cavity (703).

3. The integrated three-position disconnecting switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first bevel gear (17) is provided at the left end of the first rotating shaft (503). A control shaft (18) is provided on the front wall of the cable chamber (2), and the front end of the control shaft (18) penetrates through the cable chamber (2). A second bevel gear (19) is provided at the rear end of the control shaft (18), and the first bevel gear (17) meshes with the second bevel gear (19). A second rotating shaft (20) is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the mounting seat (502). A group of equally spaced first fixing blocks (21) are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the second rotating shaft (20). A second fixing block (22) is hinged to the outer surface of each contact knife (504). Springs are provided between each group of second fixing blocks (22) and the first fixing blocks (21).

4. The integrated three-position disconnecting switch according to claim 1, wherein A group of equally spaced first conductive plates (23) are provided on the front surface of the current sensor (6). A line lightning arrester (24) and a grounding main bus (25) are respectively provided at the lower ends of the first conductive plates (23). A group of equally spaced second conductive plates (26) are provided on the upper surface of the current sensor (6). A first electrical interface (27) is provided on the front surface of each second conductive plate (26), and the first electrical interface (27) penetrates through the cable chamber (2). A knife seat (501) is provided on the front surface of each first conductive plate (23), and the knife seat (501) corresponds to the contact knife (504).

5. The integrated three-position disconnecting switch according to claim 4, wherein, The bus chamber (28) and the instrument chamber (3) are both arranged above the cable chamber (2). A group of equally spaced third conductive plates (29) are provided inside the bus chamber (28), and the lower ends of the third conductive plates (29) penetrate through the bus chamber (28). A second electrical interface (30) is provided on the front surface of each third conductive plate (29). A microcomputer protection device (31) is provided inside the instrument chamber (3).

6. The integrated three-position disconnecting switch according to claim 5, characterized in that, The handcart compartment (4) is arranged in front of the cable compartment (2). A circuit breaker (32) is slidably connected inside the handcart compartment (4), and the circuit breaker (32) is electrically connected to the microcomputer protection device (31). A group of busbar contacts (33) and outgoing line contacts (34) arranged at equal intervals are respectively provided on the back of the circuit breaker (32). The busbar contacts (33) extend into the second electrical interface (30), and the outgoing line contacts (34) extend into the second electrical interface (30).

7. An installation method of the integrated three-position disconnector as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Draw BIM drawings according to the construction drawings and conduct online simulation; Step 2: According to the on-site conditions, conduct on-site confirmation, label pasting, and marking of the base anchor bolt positions, then drill holes for installation. After installation, level the base, measure the base with a level, and ensure that the height difference is within 2 mm; Step 3: After leveling the base, drill holes and fix the wire trough according to the position of the base and the wall. Transport the switchgear (1) to the designated position by a rail vehicle, hoist the switchgear (1) onto the base by a manual hoist, and fix it with connecting bolts; Step 4: After the installation of the switchgear (1) is completed, conduct cable laying. Lay it according to the predetermined path and fix it with cable fixing clips. The cables are arranged in parallel, neatly, beautifully, and naturally, easy to identify, and cannot be overlapped; The first conductive plate (23), the second conductive plate (26), and the third conductive plate (29) are installed neatly, firmly, and reliably, and are arranged evenly and reasonably. At the corners with cable fixing clips, an insulating gasket should be added between the cable and the wall to avoid damaging the cable insulation layer; Step 5: After the cables are fixed, use a crimping pliers to crimp the 185-type copper terminal to the cable end. The crimping torque meets the standards and design requirements. Then use a heat shrinkable tube for protection, fix it with a blowtorch, and finally install it at the busbar electrical connection clamp and the copper busbar inside the cabinet; Step 6: After the terminal installation is completed, install the grounding flat steel. Connect each cable fixing clip with the grounding flat steel. Use a special bending tool to bend the grounding flat steel at the turning point. Use four M10 bolts to connect the overlapping parts of the two grounding flat steels, all meeting the standards and design requirements. Finally, connect the grounding flat steel with the copper-clad steel of the substation support with a soft copper stranded wire, and connect the shell of the switchgear (1) with the copper-clad steel of the substation support with a 150 mm cable to ensure the grounding continuity; Step 7: Clean the site and remove the materials.

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