Positioning and conveying device and method for circuit board processing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, in particular to a positioning and conveying device and method for circuit board processing, and the device comprises a processing seat, a guide rail and a positioning mechanism. According to the invention, the circuit board is primarily elastically positioned through the four positioning piles together, then the circuit is rigidly positioned through the locking action of the locking pin, the position of the circuit board is located at a set position through the elastic positioning, and then the circuit board is rigidly positioned, so that the position accuracy and the anti-interference degree of the circuit board are improved, and the reliability of the circuit board is improved. The positioning precision of the circuit board is integrally improved, then triangular positioning and locking of the front portion and the rear portion of the circuit board are formed in the same machining station, meanwhile, triangular positioning and locking of the front portion and the rear portion are also formed in the adjacent machining stations, all the circuit boards are integrally positioned and locked, and the precision in the machining process and the overall stability are improved again.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, and specifically provides a positioning and conveying device and method for circuit board processing. Background Art

[0002] A circuit board is an indispensable part of electronic devices. It connects various electronic components by forming conductive patterns on an insulating substrate and is commonly used in fields such as communication devices, automotive electronics, medical devices, and industry and military.

[0003] During processes such as circuit board drilling, installing through-hole components, image transfer, etching, chip mounting, and soldering, it is necessary to first position and fix the circuit board to ensure that the circuit board is in a set position, guaranteeing the accurate layout of components and circuits. During the process of installing through-hole components, through precise positioning of the circuit board, it is ensured that the installed through-hole components can be accurately inserted into the installation through-holes at corresponding positions. The positioning accuracy of the circuit board is related to the installation accuracy of the components.

[0004] Currently, the plugging and installation actions of through-hole components are mainly performed by existing robotic arms. After multiple circuit boards are conveyed to the lower part of the set position, the position of the circuit board is locked by pressing it from above and below. Then, the robotic arm inserts and installs the corresponding through-hole components, and then proceeds to the next processing operation of the circuit board.

[0005] For the current positioning and conveying process, there are the following problems: Only by pressing the circuit board from above and below to lock its position, it is easy to cause the problem that the position of the circuit board deviates due to external factors such as movement during the operation, ultimately resulting in excessive deviation between the insertion path and the insertion position of the through-hole components, causing damage to the through-hole components. Secondly, during the process of inserting and installing the through-hole components downward onto the circuit board, since the pins on the through-hole components need to penetrate the circuit board, this action is likely to affect the position accuracy of the circuit board, thereby affecting the overall processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing, aiming to solve the problems in the above-mentioned existing technologies.

[0007] The present application provides a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing, which cooperates with existing conveying equipment for operation, including: a processing seat, on which four bases arranged in a rectangle are fixedly provided, and two guide rails are arranged between two rows of bases. The circuit board is conveyed by the existing conveying equipment between the two guide rails.

[0008] A lifting table is slidably arranged up and down between two bases opposite to each other left and right. A plurality of processing stations are arranged from left to right between two guide rails. A positioning mechanism for positioning the circuit board to the processing station is arranged between two lifting tables. The positioning mechanism includes positioning parts corresponding to the processing stations one by one.

[0009] The positioning part includes four sliding plates. The four sliding plates are equally divided into two groups before and after. The two groups of sliding plates before and after are respectively located on the front and rear lifting tables. And the two sliding plates in the same group are symmetrically distributed left and right and are slidably arranged on the lifting table. The extension lines of the four sliding plates converge at the center position of the processing station. A positioning pile is fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate close to the guide rail.

[0010] A driving part for driving the positioning pile to first perform preliminary elastic positioning on the circuit board and then perform rigid positioning on the circuit board is arranged on the processing seat.

[0011] A locking part is arranged on the lifting table. The locking part includes a locking pin. By moving the locking pin downward, all the positioning piles in the corresponding positioning part are locked, and at the same time, the positioning piles in adjacent processing stations form an integrated triangular lock, that is, all the circuit boards are integrally positioned and fixed.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the positioning mechanism further includes a fixing plate. A plurality of fixing plates arranged at equal intervals from left to right are fixedly arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two lifting tables. The fixing plates and the processing stations are arranged at intervals from left to right. A pre-positioning block is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the fixing plate. The pre-positioning block is successively an isosceles trapezoidal section with a small end face facing upward and a rectangular positioning section from top to bottom. The inclined surface of the isosceles trapezoidal section faces the left and right sides.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, a pressing block for pressing the circuit board against the upper inner wall of the guide rail is fixedly arranged on the opposite surfaces of two adjacent pre-positioning blocks.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the end face of the positioning pile away from the center of the processing station is an arc surface. The positioning pile is successively an incomplete frustum section and an incomplete cylindrical section from top to bottom. The arc surface of its cylindrical section fits with the inner arc surface of the circuit board mounting hole.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, a pressing ring with the same height as the pressing block is fixedly sleeved on the positioning pile. The pressing rings and the pressing blocks on the same processing station are distributed circumferentially around the circuit board.

[0016] According to an advantageous embodiment, two mounting brackets are fixedly arranged on the lifting platform, a locking plate that slides up and down is jointly arranged on the two mounting brackets, a locking pin is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the locking plate, the driving part includes a horizontal rod, and two horizontal rods that are symmetric left and right and whose axes extend from front to back are arranged on each of the two lifting platforms. A moving plate is jointly arranged on the two horizontally opposite horizontal rods and slides back and forth, a waist-shaped groove is formed through the moving plate, a connecting plate is arranged on the end surface of the sliding plate away from the processing station and slides along its length direction through a sliding rod, a pressing spring sleeved on the sliding rod is jointly fixedly arranged between the connecting plate and the sliding plate, and a pulling column located in the waist-shaped groove is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate.

[0017] According to an advantageous embodiment, the adjacent two sliding plates in the adjacent positioning parts are staggered up and down, a rectangular locking groove is formed in the sliding plate, a circular insertion groove is formed in the fixing plate, the locking pin is divided into two sections in sequence from front to back, the section close to the processing station is a semi-circular section, the arc surface of the insertion groove is matched with the semi-circular section, after the locking pin penetrates through the insertion groove, two front and back symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are formed before and after the processing station, and two front and back symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are also jointly formed between the same two processing stations.

[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment, the section of the locking pin away from the processing station is a triangular section, and both vertical end faces of the triangular section face the length direction of the corresponding sliding plate.

[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment, a compensation groove is formed in the sliding plate, the compensation groove is communicated with the locking groove and is located between the lifting platform and the locking groove, the compensation groove slopes downward from the lifting platform towards the locking groove, the locking pin moves downward to enable its triangular section to squeeze the corresponding vertical end face, so as to compensate the positioning distance of the positioning pile and form a rigid positioning for the circuit board after locking.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, in the present invention, four positioning piles jointly form a preliminary elastic positioning for the circuit board, and then a rigid positioning for the circuit is achieved through the locking action of the locking pin. Through the elastic positioning, the circuit board is in a set position, and then rigid positioning is carried out, which improves the position accuracy and anti-interference degree of the circuit board, and overall improves the positioning accuracy of the circuit board. Secondly, two triangular positioning locks are formed at the front and back of the circuit board within the same processing station, and two triangular positioning locks are also formed at the front and back within the adjacent processing stations. All circuit boards are integrally positioned and locked, which improves the accuracy and overall stability during the processing again.

[0021] Second, in the present invention, the pressing ring and the pressing block press against the circuit board in the up and down direction. While the four corresponding pressing rings and four pressing blocks on the same circuit board press against the circuit board upward along the four edges of the circuit board, they support the circuit board to ensure that the circuit board is in a horizontal state. Secondly, by supporting the circuit board, the influence on the position of the circuit board during the insertion and installation of the through-hole components is reduced, ensuring the position accuracy of the circuit board. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 Shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 Shows a top view of a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 Shows a right view of a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 Shows a [part] provided according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A.

[0027] Figure 5 Shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram among a guide rail, a sliding plate, and a connecting plate provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 Shows a [part] provided according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of part B.

[0029] Figure 7 Shows an exploded view among a sliding plate, a connecting plate, and a locking pin provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 Shows a partially sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram among a sliding plate, a locking pin, and a positioning pile provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following drawing marks: 1. processing seat; 2. base; 3. guide rail; 4. lifting platform; 5. processing station; 6. positioning mechanism; 60. positioning part; 600. sliding plate; 601. positioning pile; 602. truncated table section; 603. cylindrical section; 604. tightening ring; 61. driving part; 610. horizontal rod; 611. movable plate; 612. waist-shaped groove; 613. connecting plate; 614. pressure spring; 615. pulling column; 62. locking part; 620. locking pin; 6200. semicircular section; 6211. triangular section; 621. mounting frame; 622. locking plate; 623. locking groove; 624. plug-in groove; 625. filling groove; 63. fixing plate; 630. pre-positioning block; 631. tightening block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing cooperates with existing conveying equipment, including: a processing seat 1, on which four bases 2 arranged in a rectangular shape are fixedly arranged, two U-shaped guide rails 3 with U-shaped openings symmetrical front and back are arranged between two rows of bases 2, the distance between the vertical sections of the two guide rails 3 is greater than the length of the circuit board, the spacing between the two guide rails 3 is less than the length of the circuit board, and the circuit board is conveyed between the two guide rails 3 by an external conveying device.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a lifting platform 4 is provided between the two left and right opposite bases 2 for sliding up and down, a plurality of electric push rods are fixedly provided between the processing seat 1 and the lifting platform 4, a plurality of processing stations 5 are provided between the two guide rails 3 from left to right, and a positioning mechanism 6 for positioning the circuit board at the processing station 5 is provided between the two lifting platforms 4, and the positioning mechanism 6 includes a positioning portion 60 corresponding one to one to the processing station 5.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the positioning part 60 includes four sliding plates 600. The four sliding plates 600 are equally divided into two groups before and after, and the two groups of sliding plates 600 before and after are respectively located on the two lifting platforms 4 before and after. And the two sliding plates 600 in the same group are symmetrically distributed left and right and are slidably arranged on the lifting platform 4. The extension lines of the four sliding plates 600 converge at the center position of the processing station 5. A positioning pile 601 is fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate 600 close to the guide rail 3. As Figure 4 shown, the end face of the positioning pile 601 far from the center of the processing station 5 is an arc surface. The positioning pile 601 is successively an incomplete frustum section 602 and an incomplete cylindrical section 603 from top to bottom. The arc surface of its cylindrical section 603 fits with the inner arc surface of the circuit board mounting hole.

[0036] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a driving part 61 for driving the positioning pile 601 to first perform preliminary elastic positioning on the circuit board and then perform rigid positioning on the circuit board is arranged on the processing seat 1.

[0037] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, a locking part 62 is arranged on the lifting platform 4. The locking part 62 includes a locking pin 620. By moving the locking pin 620 downward, all the positioning piles 601 in the corresponding positioning part 60 are locked, and at the same time, the positioning piles 601 in adjacent processing stations 5 form an integrated triangular lock, that is, all the circuit boards are integrally positioned and fixed.

[0038] The existing conveying equipment drives a plurality of circuit boards to be processed to move between the two guide rails 3. The two guide rails 3 support the circuit boards. At this time, the circuit boards are initially located in the corresponding processing stations 5. Then the electric push rod works to make the lifting platform 4 move upward. During the upward movement, the lifting platform 4 drives the positioning piles 601 to be stuck into the mounting holes in the corresponding circuit boards, forming preliminary positioning of the circuit boards. The driving part 61 makes the positioning piles 601 move away from the center of the processing station 5. Thus, the four positioning piles 601 jointly form preliminary positioning of the circuit board. At this time, the center position of the circuit board coincides with the center position of the corresponding processing station 5. Then, through the driving part 61, the locking pin 620 in the locking part 62 is moved downward. All the sliding plates 600 and positioning piles 601 are locked by the locking pin 620, forming triangular positioning locks at the front and rear of the circuit board in the same processing station 5. At the same time, triangular positioning locks are also formed at the front and rear in adjacent processing stations 5. All the circuit boards are integrally positioned and locked. In summary, the accuracy in the processing process and the overall stability are improved.

[0039] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the positioning mechanism 6 further includes a fixing plate 63. A plurality of fixing plates 63 arranged at equal intervals from left to right are fixedly provided on the opposite surfaces of the two lifting platforms 4. The fixing plates 63 and the processing stations 5 are arranged at intervals from left to right. A pre-positioning block 630 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the fixing plate 63. The pre-positioning block 630 successively includes an isosceles trapezoidal section with a small end facing upward and a rectangular positioning section from top to bottom. The inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoidal section face both left and right sides.

[0040] As Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, on the opposite surfaces of adjacent two pre-positioning blocks 630, a pressing block 631 for pressing the circuit board against the upper inner wall of the guide rail 3 is fixedly provided.

[0041] As Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 shown, a pressing ring 604 with the same height as the pressing block 631 is fixedly sleeved on the positioning pile 601. The pressing rings 604 and the pressing blocks 631 on the same processing station 5 are distributed circumferentially around the circuit board, referring to the distribution between the positioning pile 601 and the pre-positioning block 630 in Figure 2 .

[0042] After the circuit board moves to the corresponding processing station 5, the electric push rod works to drive the lifting platform 4 to drive the positioning pile 601 and the pre-positioning block 630 to move upward synchronously. The inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoidal sections on the pre-positioning block 630 contact the adjacent two circuit boards. As the pre-positioning block 630 continues to move upward, the left and right positions of the circuit board are gradually adjusted. Finally, the positioning section of the pre-positioning block 630 contacts the left and right side surfaces of the circuit board, and the position of the circuit board is preliminarily positioned in the left and right directions. Secondly, at this time, the mounting holes of the circuit board are located above the corresponding positioning piles 601.

[0043] As the lifting platform 4 continues to move upward, the positioning pile 601 gradually moves upward into the corresponding mounting holes on the circuit board. The frustum section 602 of the positioning pile 601 guides to ensure that the positioning pile 601 can be inserted into the mounting holes. After that, the positioning pile 601 drives the pressing ring 604 thereon and the pre-positioning block 630 drives the pressing block 631 thereon to contact the circuit board, and cooperate with the upper horizontal section inner wall of the guide rail 3 to press the circuit board in the up and down directions. Secondly, while the four corresponding pressing rings 604 and four pressing blocks 631 on the same circuit board press the circuit board upward along the four edges of the circuit board, they support the circuit board to ensure that the circuit board is in a horizontal state, facilitating subsequent processing steps.

[0044] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown in the figure, two mounting brackets 621 are fixedly arranged on the lifting table 4. A locking plate 622 that slides up and down is jointly arranged on the two mounting brackets 621. The locking plate 622 is driven by an external electric guide rod 1 (not shown in the figure) to move up and down. A locking pin 620 is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the locking plate 622. The driving part 61 includes a horizontal rod 610. Two horizontal rods 610 that are symmetric left and right and whose axes extend from front to back are arranged on each of the two lifting tables 4. A moving plate 611 is jointly arranged on the two horizontally opposite horizontal rods 610 and slides back and forth. The two lifting tables 4 are located between the two moving plates 611. The moving plate 611 is driven by an external electric guide rod 2 (not shown in the figure) to move back and forth. A waist-shaped groove 612 is formed through the moving plate 611. A connecting plate 613 is slidably arranged on the end surface of the sliding plate 600 away from the processing station 5 along its length direction through a sliding rod. A pressing spring 614 sleeved on the sliding rod is jointly fixedly arranged between the connecting plate 613 and the sliding plate 600. A pulling column 615 located in the waist-shaped groove 612 is fixed on the connecting plate 613.

[0045] During operation, when the positioning pile 601 is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole and the abutting ring 604 and the abutting block 631 do not contact the circuit board, the external electric guide rod 2 works to move the moving plate 611. The two moving plates 611 move away from each other. The moving plate 611 drives all the pulling columns 615 located in the waist-shaped groove 612 to move synchronously. The pulling column 615 drives the connecting plate 613, the sliding plate 600 and the positioning pile 601 to move synchronously. The arc surface of the cylindrical section 603 of the positioning pile 601 contacts the inner arc surface of the mounting hole. As the moving plate 611 continues to move, the pressing spring 614 is stretched. The elastic force generated by the deformation of the pressing spring 614 acts on the sliding plate 600, so that the sliding plate 600 drives the positioning pile 601 thereon to pull the circuit board along its length direction. Through the pulling effect of the four positioning piles 601, the center position of the circuit board coincides with the center position of the processing station 5, that is, the elastic positioning of the circuit board in the front-rear direction is completed at this time.

[0046] After that, the electric push rod continues to operate, so that the abutting block 631 and the abutting ring 604 abut against the circuit board. Finally, the external electric guide rod 1 works to drive the locking plate 622 to drive the locking pin 620 thereon to move down synchronously, locking the positioning process of the circuit board, that is, forming a rigid positioning of the whole circuit board.

[0047] As Figure 1 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, two adjacent sliding plates 600 in the adjacent positioning parts 60 are vertically offset. A rectangular locking groove 623 is formed on the sliding plate 600, and a circular insertion groove 624 is formed on the fixing plate 63. The insertion groove 624 is directly below the junction of two adjacent sliding plates 600 in the adjacent positioning parts 60. The locking pin 620 is sequentially divided into two sections from front to back. The section close to the processing station 5 is a semi-circular section 6200. The insertion groove 624 and the arc surface of the semi-circular section 6200 are mutually matched. After the locking pin 620 penetrates the insertion groove 624, two symmetric triangular locking and positioning frames are formed before and after the processing station 5.

[0048] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the section of the locking pin 620 away from the processing station 5 is a triangular section 6211. Both vertical end faces of the triangular section 6211 face the length direction of the corresponding sliding plate 600. A compensation groove 625 is formed on the sliding plate 600. The compensation groove 625 communicates with the locking groove 623 and is located between the lifting table 4 and the locking groove 623. The compensation groove 625 slopes downward from the lifting table 4 towards the locking groove 623. When the locking pin 620 moves downward, its triangular section 6211 presses the corresponding vertical end face, so as to compensate the positioning distance of the positioning post 601 when the circuit board is elastically positioned but not fully tightened, thereby fully positioning the circuit board, improving the positioning accuracy and forming a rigid positioning of the circuit board after locking.

[0049] During the process of the electric guide rod 1 driving the locking plate 622 to move, the locking plate 622 drives the locking pin 620 thereon to move downward synchronously. The locking pin 620 first contacts the compensation groove 625 on the upper sliding plate 600. Through the cooperation between the corresponding vertical end face of the triangular section 6211 of the locking pin 620 and the inclined surface of the compensation groove 625, the sliding plate 600 further tightens the circuit board, ensuring that the circuit board is fully positioned, thereby improving the accuracy of the placement position of the circuit board and the accuracy in the subsequent processing process. The locking pin 620 continues to move downward and repeats the above cooperation process with the lower sliding plate 600 to ensure the accuracy of the coincidence of the central positions of all circuit boards and the central position of the processing station 5. Secondly, it should be noted that the four corresponding sliding plates 600 in the same processing station 5 are all at the same height. Therefore, the compensation grooves 625 on the sliding plates 600 of the same circuit board can cooperate with their corresponding locking pins 620 at the same time, ensuring that the four corresponding sliding plates 600 of the same circuit board are locked simultaneously, avoiding the problem of damage to the circuit board caused by asymmetric offsets due to asynchronous locking of the four corresponding sliding plates 600.

[0050] As the locking pin 620 continues to move downward, the locking pin 620 penetrates through the insertion slot 624 on the corresponding fixed plate 63, causing the two sliding plates 600, fixed plates 63, locking pins 620, and locking plates 622 that correspond to each other up and down to be integrally locked. At this time, two front-back symmetric triangular locking frames are formed on the same circuit board. Secondly, two front-back symmetric triangular interlocking frames are formed between adjacent circuit boards. In summary, an overall integral locking of all circuit boards is formed, and the overall stability and accuracy are improved through the local triangular frame locking, ensuring the accuracy during the subsequent processing.

[0051] In addition, the present invention also provides a positioning and conveying method for circuit board processing, including the following steps: S1. Transfer the circuit board: The existing conveying equipment drives a plurality of circuit boards to be processed to move between the two guide rails 3, and the two guide rails 3 support the circuit boards. At this time, the circuit boards are initially located in the corresponding processing stations 5.

[0052] S2. Pre-positioning: The electric push rod works to make the lifting table 4 drive the positioning pile 601 and the pre-positioning block 630 to move upward synchronously. The inclined surface of the isosceles trapezoidal section on the pre-positioning block 630 contacts the two adjacent circuit boards. As the pre-positioning block 630 continues to move upward, the left and right positions of the circuit board are gradually adjusted. Finally, the positioning section of the pre-positioning block 630 contacts the left and right sides of the circuit board, initially positioning the position of the circuit board in the left and right directions. Secondly, at this time, the mounting holes of the circuit board are located above the corresponding positioning piles 601.

[0053] S3. Initial positioning: As the lifting table 4 continues to move upward, the positioning pile 601 gradually moves upward into the corresponding mounting holes on the circuit board. Then, the external electric guide rod two works to make the moving plate 611 move, so that the sliding plate 600 drives the positioning pile 601 thereon to pull the circuit board along its length direction. Therefore, through the pulling effect of the four positioning piles 601, the central position of the circuit board coincides with the central position of the processing station 5, that is, at this time, the elastic positioning of the circuit board in the front and back directions is completed.

[0054] S4. Locking positioning: The electric push rod continues to operate, so that the pressing block 631 and the pressing plate ring tightly press the circuit board in the up and down directions. Finally, the external electric guide rod one works to make the locking plate 622 drive the locking pin 620 thereon to move downward synchronously, locking the positioning process of the circuit board, that is, forming a rigid positioning of the whole circuit board.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, top, bottom, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0056] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "No. 1", "No. 2" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "No. 1", "No. 2" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arranged", "connected", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing, which cooperates with existing conveying equipment, characterized in that: include: A processing seat, on which four bases arranged in a rectangular shape are fixedly arranged, two guide rails are arranged between two rows of bases, and the circuit board is transported between the two guide rails by existing transport equipment; A lifting platform is provided between the two bases opposite to each other so as to slide up and down, a plurality of processing stations are provided between the two guide rails from left to right, and a positioning mechanism for positioning the circuit board to the processing station is provided between the two lifting platforms, and the positioning mechanism includes positioning parts corresponding to the processing stations one by one; The positioning part includes four sliding plates, which are equally divided into two groups front and back. The two groups of sliding plates are respectively located on the front and rear lifting platforms, and the two sliding plates in the same group are symmetrically distributed and slidably arranged on the lifting platforms. The extension lines of the four sliding plates are gathered at the center of the processing station, and a positioning pile is fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate close to the guide rail. The processing seat is provided with a driving part for driving the positioning piles to first perform preliminary elastic positioning on the circuit board and then perform rigid positioning on the circuit board; A locking part is provided on the lifting platform, and the locking part includes a locking pin. The locking pin is moved downward to lock all the positioning piles in the corresponding positioning part, and at the same time, the positioning columns in the adjacent processing stations form an integrated triangular lock, that is, all circuit boards are integrated and positioned and fixed.

2. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism also includes a fixed plate. The opposite surfaces of the two lifting platforms are fixedly provided with a plurality of fixed plates arranged equidistantly from left to right. The fixed plates and the processing stations are arranged at intervals from left to right. The upper end surfaces of the fixed plates are fixedly provided with pre-positioning blocks. The pre-positioning blocks are, from top to bottom, an isosceles trapezoidal segment with a small end surface facing upward and a rectangular positioning segment, and the inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoidal segment face the left and right sides.

3. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opposite surfaces of two adjacent pre-positioning blocks are fixedly provided with pressing blocks for pressing the circuit board against the upper inner wall of the guide rail.

4. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end arc surface of the positioning pile is far away from the center of the processing station. The positioning pile is an incomplete truncated cone section and an incomplete cylindrical section from top to bottom. The arc surface of the cylindrical section fits with the inner arc surface of the circuit board installation hole.

5. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing sleeve on the positioning pile is provided with a clamping ring with the same height as the clamping block, and the clamping ring and the clamping block on the same processing station are distributed circumferentially around the circuit board.

6. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two mounting frames are fixedly arranged on the lifting platform, and a locking plate that slides up and down is commonly arranged on the two mounting frames, and a locking pin is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the locking plate. The driving part includes a horizontal rod, and two horizontal rods that are symmetrical left and right and whose axes extend from front to back are arranged on the two lifting platforms. A movable plate is commonly slid forward and backward on the two horizontal rods opposite to each other on the left and right, and a waist-shaped groove is penetrated through the movable plate. A connecting plate is slidably arranged on the end surface of the sliding plate away from the processing station along its length direction through the sliding rod, and a pressure spring mounted on the sliding rod is commonly fixed between the connecting plate and the sliding plate, and a pulling column located in the waist-shaped groove is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate.

7. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjacent sliding plates in the adjacent positioning parts are staggered up and down, a rectangular locking groove is provided on the sliding plate, a circular plug-in groove is provided on the fixed plate, the locking pin is divided into two sections front and back, the section close to the processing station is a semicircular section, the plug-in groove and the arc surface of the semicircular section cooperate with each other, after the locking pin passes through the plug-in groove, two front-to-back symmetrical triangular locking positioning frames are formed before and after the processing station, and two front-to-back symmetrical triangular locking positioning frames are also formed between the same two processing stations.

8. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The section of the locking pin away from the processing station is a triangular section, and both vertical end faces of the triangular section face the length direction of the corresponding sliding plate.

9. A positioning and conveying device for circuit board processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding plate is provided with a filling groove, which is connected with the locking groove and is located between the lifting platform and the locking groove. The filling groove is inclined downward from the lifting platform toward the locking groove. The locking pin moves downward so that its triangular section squeezes the corresponding number of vertical end faces, which is used to compensate for the positioning distance of the positioning pile and form a rigid positioning of the circuit board after locking.

10. A positioning and conveying method for processing a circuit board, which is accomplished by using the positioning and conveying device for processing a circuit board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Transferring circuit boards: The existing conveying equipment drives multiple circuit boards to be processed to move between two guide rails. The two guide rails support the circuit boards. At this time, the circuit boards are initially located in the corresponding processing stations; S2, pre-positioning: The electric push rod works so that the lifting platform drives the positioning pile and the pre-positioning block to move up synchronously. As the pre-positioning block continues to move up, the left and right positions of the circuit board are gradually adjusted. Finally, the positioning section of the pre-positioning block contacts the left and right sides of the circuit board, and the position of the circuit board is preliminarily positioned in the left and right directions. S3, preliminary positioning: the positioning piles gradually move up to the corresponding mounting holes on the circuit board, and then the moving plate drives the sliding plate to drive the positioning posts thereon to pull the circuit board along its length direction. Therefore, the pulling effect of the four positioning posts makes the center position of the circuit board coincide with the center position of the processing station, that is, at this time, the elastic positioning of the circuit board in the front and rear directions is completed; S4, locking and positioning: the electric push rod continues to work, so that the clamping block and the clamping plate ring are pressed against the circuit board in the up and down directions. Finally, the locking plate drives the locking pin thereon to move downward synchronously, locking the positioning process of the circuit board, that is, forming a rigid positioning of the entire circuit board.

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