Field drainage irrigation method

Abstract

The invention provides a field drainage irrigation method which comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing field straws and soil with water, and then manufacturing a plurality of pipelines with hollow structures; 2, a plurality of grooves are dug in the field, a plurality of pipelines are arranged in the grooves in a one-to-one correspondence mode, one ends of the pipelines communicate with the irrigation canals, and the other ends of the pipelines communicate with the flood drainage canals; thirdly, after the pipelines are laid, soil is filled into the grooves to embed the pipelines underground; in the irrigation season, the end, close to the flood drainage channel, of the pipeline is blocked, then water is injected into the irrigation channel, and water in the pipeline seeps into soil from the wall of the pipeline; in the rainy season, the end, close to the flood drainage channel, of the pipeline is opened, and rainwater permeates into soil and then permeates into the pipeline through the pipeline wall so as to flow to the flood drainage channel. Agricultural waste can be fully utilized, the problems that water resources are wasted and a large number of land resources are occupied are solved, and meanwhile irrigation and flood drainage can be conducted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a field waterlogging drainage and irrigation method. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, irrigation and drainage are important measures to ensure the normal growth of crops and reduce losses caused by floods and waterlogging disasters.

[0003] At present, the traditional irrigation method is to lay pipes directly to farmland for irrigation. Due to the fact that a large amount of water evaporates and leaks into unnecessary areas during the irrigation process, it cannot be effectively used by crops, resulting in the problem of water resource waste. The traditional drainage method mainly relies on digging ditches and canals to guide the drainage of accumulated water, but digging ditches and canals requires a lot of land resources.

[0004] Secondly, a large amount of agricultural waste such as corn stalks or wheat stalks is often not effectively utilized in the fields, resulting in a waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a field drainage and irrigation method, which can make full use of agricultural waste, solve the problems of water resource waste and large-scale occupation of land resources, and can also perform irrigation and drainage at the same time.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix the straw and soil in the field with water, and then make several hollow pipes.

[0007] Step 2: dig a number of trenches in the field, and lay a number of pipes in the trenches in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein one end of the pipe is connected to the irrigation channel, and the other end is connected to the flood discharge channel.

[0008] Step 3: After the pipeline is laid, fill the trench with soil to bury the pipeline underground.

[0009] During the irrigation season, one end of the pipeline close to the flood discharge channel is blocked, and then water is injected into the irrigation channel, and the water in the pipeline seeps out from the pipeline wall into the soil.

[0010] During the rainy season, one end of the pipe close to the flood drainage channel is opened, and rainwater seeps into the soil and then seeps into the pipe through the pipe wall, thereby flowing to the flood drainage channel.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 2, the pipeline is buried underground at a depth of 20 cm to 50 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2, the spacing between the pipes is between 1 meter and 2 meters.

[0013] Furthermore, the pipeline is arranged at a slope, and the end of the pipeline connected to the irrigation channel is higher than the end connected to the flood discharge channel.

[0014] Further, the slope is between 1% and 3%.

[0015] Furthermore, in step one, in step one, the mass proportion of straw in the pipeline is between 5% and 10%, the mass proportion of soil is between 65% and 75%, and the mass proportion of water is between 15% and 20%.

[0016] Furthermore, in step one, the outer diameter of the pipe is between 10 cm and 50 cm, and the inner diameter of the pipe is between 5 cm and 30 cm.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The present invention mixes waste straw with soil to form a hollow pipe, which is then buried in the soil in the field. In the irrigation season, one end of the pipe close to the flood drainage channel is blocked, and then water is injected into the irrigation channel, and the water in the pipe seeps out from the pipe wall into the soil; in the rainy season, one end of the pipe close to the flood drainage channel is opened, and rainwater seeps into the soil, and then seeps into the pipe through the pipe wall, thereby flowing to the flood drainage channel. It has the dual functions of irrigation and drainage. Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes agricultural waste as a resource, reduces environmental pollution caused by straw burning or accumulation, reduces the material cost of traditional drainage pipes, and at the same time gives the pipes degradable properties to avoid long-term soil pollution caused by plastic or concrete pipes.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] A specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiment.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Mix the straw and soil in the field with water, and then make several hollow pipes.

[0023] Step 2: dig a number of trenches in the field, and lay a number of pipes in the trenches in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein one end of the pipe is connected to the irrigation channel, and the other end is connected to the flood discharge channel.

[0024] Step 3: After the pipeline is laid, fill the trench with soil to bury the pipeline underground.

[0025] The present invention mixes waste straw with soil to form a hollow pipe, which is then buried in the soil in the field. In the irrigation season, one end of the pipe close to the flood discharge channel is blocked, and then water is injected into the irrigation channel, so that the water in the pipe seeps out from the pipe wall into the soil; in the rainy season, one end of the pipe close to the flood discharge channel is opened, and rainwater seeps into the soil and then into the pipe through the pipe wall, thereby flowing to the flood discharge channel.

[0026] When making the pipeline, the straw soil water mixture is fed into the auger compression and extrusion device. The auger compression and extrusion device is equipped with a screw propeller inside. Through the rotation of the screw propeller, pressure is applied to the mixture, so that it is gradually squeezed into a hollow shape in the mold. The shape and size of the mold can be designed according to actual needs. During the process of making the pipeline, the straws are intertwined with each other, and the soil plays a role of filling and bonding, and finally a hollow structure pipeline with a certain strength is formed.

[0027] The auger compression and extrusion device should be selected with sufficient power and stable performance, and the speed of its screw propeller can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the mixture, for example, between 10 and 50 rpm. The mold should be made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel, to ensure long-term stability.

[0028] In the process of preparing the straw soil water mixture, the length of the straw, the ratio of soil to straw and the water content must be strictly controlled. This can be accurately controlled by weighing, measuring, etc.

[0029] During the production process of hollow straw composite pipes, the pressure, temperature and other parameters of the auger compression and extrusion device should be monitored to prevent quality problems of the pipes. For example, the pressure should be controlled between 1MPa and 5MPa, and the temperature should be controlled within the normal temperature range.

[0030] Specifically, use special mechanical devices, such as agricultural machinery with grabbing and burying functions, to bury the prepared hollow structure pipes underground. When burying the pipes, ensure the horizontality of the pipes to avoid excessive slopes that affect the flow of water.

[0031] Compared with large-scale trenching and canal digging, the present invention only requires trenching and burying pipes at both ends of the pipes, occupies a smaller land area, and causes less damage to the field soil structure and crop planting layout.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Resource recycling: By mixing waste straw with soil to make hollow structure pipes, agricultural waste can be recycled, reducing environmental pollution caused by straw burning or accumulation, and reducing the material cost of traditional drainage pipes. At the same time, the pipes are given degradable properties to avoid long-term soil pollution caused by plastic or concrete pipes.

[0033] 2. Integrated irrigation and drainage functions: The pipeline can realize the dual functions of irrigation and drainage by flexibly opening and closing the flood discharge end. During the irrigation season, closing the flood discharge end allows water to evenly penetrate into the soil through the pipe wall, improving irrigation efficiency and avoiding waste of surface runoff; opening the flood discharge end during the rainy season uses the hollow structure of the pipe to quickly drain excess water from the soil, preventing waterlogging and significantly improving the disaster resistance of farmland.

[0034] 3. Improve the soil environment: Pipes made of straw mixed materials gradually decompose after being buried, releasing organic matter and nutrients, continuously improving the soil structure around the pipes, increasing soil permeability and water retention, promoting microbial activity, forming a virtuous cycle of soil ecosystems, and improving soil fertility in the long term.

[0035] 4. Save water, reduce emissions and increase efficiency: underground infiltration irrigation is used during irrigation, which can reduce water evaporation losses and improve water resource utilization compared to traditional flooding. During drainage, natural infiltration and filtration in the soil can reduce the loss of sediment and fertilizer carried by surface runoff, thereby protecting the water environment and reducing nutrient loss in farmland.

[0036] 5. Convenient construction and maintenance: The pipeline is made of field straw materials, which does not require complex equipment or long-distance transportation. After laying, it can be naturally integrated with the farmland by covering with soil. Later maintenance only requires dredging the interfaces at both ends of the pipeline, which greatly reduces construction costs and labor input. Compared with traditional open channel or hard pipeline systems, this solution has stronger terrain adaptability and sustainability, and is especially suitable for the transformation of water conservancy facilities in small and medium-sized farmlands, which can achieve the coordinated improvement of ecological and economic benefits.

[0037] The present invention blocks the flood discharge end during the irrigation season, forcing the irrigation water to slowly penetrate into the soil through the micropores of the pipe wall, thereby avoiding the waste of water resources in traditional flooding or drip irrigation and achieving precision irrigation. In the rainy season, the flood discharge end is opened to quickly discharge excess water, prevent soil waterlogging, and protect the root system of crops. This dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the system to have adaptive capabilities, which can not only meet the water requirements of crops, but also cope with extreme weather. At the same time, the process of two-way penetration of soil through the pipe wall can promote the material exchange between the soil and the pipe material, enhance the activity of soil microorganisms, and further improve soil health.

[0038] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the mass proportion of straw in the pipeline is between 5% and 10%, the mass proportion of soil is between 65% and 75%, and the mass proportion of water is between 15% and 20%. This ratio not only ensures the molding strength, but also avoids the collapse of the pipeline due to excessive moisture or the influence of water seepage efficiency due to excessive dryness, taking into account both practicality and durability.

[0039] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the pipeline is buried 20 cm to 50 cm deep underground.

[0040] After the pipeline is buried, it is necessary to prevent the rotary tiller from hitting the buried pipeline when tilling the land. This can not only avoid damage to the pipeline caused by surface farming activities, but also ensure that water penetrates into areas with dense crop roots, thereby improving irrigation efficiency.

[0041] Generally, the tillage depth of a rotary tiller is within 20 centimeters, so the depth needs to be greater than 20 centimeters. However, if the pipe is buried too deep, it will affect the rainwater infiltration into the pipe during the rainy season. Therefore, burying the pipe 20 to 50 centimeters underground can ensure rotary tillage and irrigation, and can effectively drain waterlogging.

[0042] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, in step 2, the distance between the pipelines is between 1 meter and 2 meters.

[0043] The spacing between the pipes is set according to the spacing between crops, but at the same time, the layout of the pipes forms a uniform water infiltration network that covers the entire farmland and reduces local drought or waterlogging problems.

[0044] In an embodiment provided by the present invention, the pipeline is arranged with a slope, and the end of the pipeline connected to the irrigation channel is higher than the end connected to the flood discharge channel. The slope is between 1% and 3%.

[0045] The slope of the pipe (1% to 3%) can use gravity to drive the water flow, reducing the need for mechanical pumping and lowering energy consumption.

[0046] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the outer diameter of the pipeline is between 10 cm and 50 cm, and the inner diameter of the pipeline is between 5 cm and 30 cm.

[0047] The design of the pipe with an outer diameter of 10 cm to 50 cm and an inner diameter of 5 cm to 30 cm takes into account both structural strength and water permeability. A larger pipe diameter can carry higher water pressure and drainage, and meet the needs of farmland of different sizes; a smaller pipe diameter reduces material consumption and is suitable for refined planting areas. The slope design ensures smooth water flow, avoids pipe blockage, and reduces maintenance costs. In addition, the straw and soil mixture has natural corrosion resistance, is more resistant to aging than plastic pipes, has a longer service life, and can be naturally degraded after being discarded, without the risk of secondary pollution.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to specific details.

Claims

1. A field drainage and irrigation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Mix the straw and soil in the field with water and then make several hollow pipes; Step 2: digging a number of trenches in the field, and laying a number of pipes in the trenches one by one, wherein one end of the pipes is connected to the irrigation channel, and the other end is connected to the flood discharge channel; Step 3: After the pipeline is laid, fill the trench with soil to bury the pipeline underground; During the irrigation season, one end of the pipeline close to the flood discharge channel is blocked, and then water is injected into the irrigation channel, so that the water in the pipeline seeps out from the pipeline wall into the soil; During the rainy season, one end of the pipe close to the flood drainage channel is opened, and rainwater seeps into the soil and then seeps into the pipe through the pipe wall, thereby flowing to the flood drainage channel.

2. A field drainage and irrigation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the pipe is buried 20 cm to 50 cm deep in the ground.

3. A field drainage and irrigation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the spacing between the pipes is between 1 meter and 2 meters.

4. A field drainage and irrigation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline is arranged in a slope, and one end of the pipeline connected to the irrigation channel is higher than the other end connected to the flood discharge channel.

5. A field drainage and irrigation method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The slope is between 1% and 3%.

6. A field drainage and irrigation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the mass of straw in the pipeline is between 5% and 10%, the mass of soil is between 65% and 75%, and the mass of water is between 15% and 20%.

7. A field drainage and irrigation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the outer diameter of the pipe is between 10 cm and 50 cm, and the inner diameter of the pipe is between 5 cm and 30 cm.