Layered separation equipment and process for double-glass assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to layered separation equipment and process for a double-glass assembly, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic assembly recovery equipment and process, the layered separation equipment comprises a separation platform, the separation platform provides a working table top of the double-glass assembly, and the separation platform is provided with a vacuum adsorption port; the assembly identifying and centering part is arranged on the separation platform; the layered separation part is arranged on the separation platform and configured to be capable of separating the double-glass assembly, a driving mechanism is arranged in the separation platform, and the layered separation part is connected with the driving mechanism; a glass grabbing and transferring part; the invention also comprises a separation process. Layered separation of all layers of materials such as cover plate glass, a silicon cell layer and back plate glass of the double-glass assembly can be completed, the double-glass assembly can be prevented from being broken in the layering process, and the integrity of the assembly is kept; a battery adhesive layer on the inner side of the glass is separated in a physical mode, and secondary pollution caused by using chemical reagents is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic component recycling equipment and technology, and in particular relates to double-glass component layer separation equipment and technology. Background Art

[0002] In 2012, double-glass modules began mass production. By 2015, double-sided double-glass modules had gradually replaced traditional single-glass photovoltaic modules due to their long life cycle, high power generation efficiency, and better insulation of glass than backplane, and occupied a leading position in market demand. The normal life of double-glass modules is 30 years, and it is expected that a large number of double-glass modules will be retired in 2042. At present, the domestic photovoltaic industry has gradually realized the urgency and necessity of recycling double-glass modules, and related research on double-glass module recycling technology has been gradually carried out, but the relevant technology is still in its infancy.

[0003] Most of the valuable resources such as silicon, silver, copper, and aluminum in photovoltaic modules can be recycled and reused, and the research on module recycling technology is constantly deepening. According to the forecast of relevant institutions, my country's retired photovoltaic modules are expected to exceed 60GW in 2030, and the total mass of glass, plastic, aluminum, copper, silicon, silver and other components will exceed 2 million tons. The raw materials that can be obtained from photovoltaic module recycling technology can reach 450 million US dollars (based on 2016 prices). By 2050, the cumulative recyclables will exceed 15 billion US dollars, which is equivalent to the value of the raw materials needed to produce 60 million new modules at present.

[0004] In the prior art, (1) A waste photovoltaic module recycling device and its recycling method 201910920579.6 discloses a double-sided double-glass module recycling device, the main recycling method is: 1) remove the photovoltaic module frame and junction box; 2) use a hot cutter or steel wire to cut along the packaging film between the double-glass modules, and puncture and punch holes in the photovoltaic modules; 3) place the punctured photovoltaic modules in a container storing a stripping solution, and at least two sets of hooks are provided between the long side gaps of the double-sided glass modules; 4) a scraper is provided between the light-receiving glass and the back glass, The scraper is in close contact with the light-receiving side of the glass or the back side of the glass, and the scraper scrapes the light-receiving side of the glass or the back side of the glass; 5) After the double-sided glass assembly is peeled and separated, the side with the battery cell glass is placed horizontally in the stripping solution, with the battery cell glass side facing upward, and a stripping brush is used to roll and wipe one side of the packaging film to peel off the outermost packaging film in contact with the stripping solution; 7) When the battery cell is separated from the double-sided glass assembly, the battery cell is moved to another container storing the stripping solution for dissolution; 8) The separated battery cell is washed and dried.

[0005] After cutting, the component needs to be punched, which can easily break the component during the punching process, which is not conducive to the subsequent sorting of glass and other raw materials. After the glass is separated, it needs to be soaked in chemical reagents, which takes a long time and the subsequent chemical reagents are difficult to handle.

[0006] (2) A method for separating and recycling double-glass structure components 201811425095.6 discloses a method for separating and recycling double-glass structure components, comprising: placing the double-glass components in a high-voltage pulse crusher for physical separation, and then placing them in a hydrothermal reaction device and toluene for chemical separation to remove the double-sided glass; then using an EVA thermal decomposition device to remove EVA; and finally removing the metal electrodes through an etching solution.

[0007] This method uses high-voltage pulses to break the double-glass components, and then uses reagents to separate the double-sided glass. After breaking, the glass, silicon battery cells, solder strips and other materials are mixed together, which is not conducive to ensuring the purity of subsequent sorting products.

[0008] (3) Method for Recycling Crystalline Silicon Cells in Double-Glass Solar Cell Modules with PVB Interlayer 200910194094.X discloses a method for recycling crystalline silicon cells in waste double-glass solar cell modules. The waste double-glass solar cell modules with PVB interlayer are placed on a support frame, heated and kept warm. After the PVB interlayer is fully or partially melted, the upper glass of the module is removed. The module without the upper glass is cooled to room temperature and immersed in a solvent to separate the crystalline silicon cell from the PVB glue. The cell is taken out, cleaned and dried to obtain a reusable crystalline silicon cell.

[0009] This method uses heating to melt the PVB film and also uses chemical reagents to separate the silicon cell from the PVB. The subsequent chemical reagents are difficult to handle.

[0010] Therefore, the current method for separating double-glass components is mainly to use chemical reagents to dissolve the swollen packaging film. The dissolution process using chemical reagents has a long cycle and low processing efficiency. At the same time, the subsequent chemical reagent processing is difficult. Summary of the invention

[0011] In view of the above problems, the present invention can complete the layered separation of the cover glass, silicon cell layer, back glass and other layers of materials of the double-glass module.

[0012] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0013] A double-glass component layer separation device, comprising:

[0014] A separation platform, the separation platform provides a work surface for the double-glass assembly, the separation platform is provided with vacuum adsorption ports, and the vacuum adsorption ports are evenly distributed on the separation platform;

[0015] A component identification and centering component, wherein the component identification and centering component is arranged on the separation platform and is located at one end of the vacuum adsorption port;

[0016] A layered separation component, which is arranged on the separation platform and configured to separate the double-glass components. A driving mechanism is provided in the separation platform, and the layered separation component is connected to the driving mechanism;

[0017] A glass grabbing and transporting component is fixed on the side of the separation platform. The glass grabbing and transporting component includes a glass grabbing and transporting shaft and a glass grabbing and transporting suction cup. The glass grabbing and transporting shaft extends above the separation platform. The end of the glass grabbing and transporting shaft is connected to the glass grabbing and transporting suction cup. The glass grabbing and transporting suction cup is located above the corresponding double-glass component.

[0018] Furthermore, a component heating component is provided on the separation platform, and the double-glass component is placed on the component heating component, and the component heating component is arranged in an S shape to avoid the vacuum adsorption port.

[0019] Furthermore, the component identification and centering component is configured to be able to identify the thickness and position information of each layer of the double-glass component and transmit it to the central console to assist the layered separation component in separation positioning and centering.

[0020] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a layered separation component base, a movable motor, and a screw. The layered separation component base and the movable motor are arranged inside the separation platform. The layered separation component is connected to the layered separation component base through a screw, and the layered separation component base is connected to the movable motor through another screw.

[0021] Furthermore, the layered separation component includes a layered separation main shaft, a cutting layered component, a cover glass battery glue layer component, and a back glass battery glue layer separation component. The cutting layered component, the cover glass battery glue layer component, and the back glass battery glue layer separation component are respectively installed on the layered separation main shaft and are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the layered separation main shaft.

[0022] Furthermore, a cutting line is provided at the front end of the cutting layer component, and the diameter of the cutting line is less than 5um; and the back panel glass cell glue layer separation component includes a separation scraper.

[0023] Furthermore, a battery glue layer conveying component is also provided on the separation platform, and the battery glue layer conveying component is arranged at the other end of the vacuum adsorption port corresponding to the component identification and centering component.

[0024] A double-glass component layer separation process, used for the above-mentioned double-glass component layer separation equipment, comprises the following steps:

[0025] Place the double-glass components without junction boxes and aluminum frames on the separation platform, identify the double-glass component loading through the component identification and centering components, transmit the loading information and measurement information to the central console, and assist the layered separation components in centering the cutting position;

[0026] The cutting layered component adjusts the position and angle of the cutting line according to the positioning information transmitted by the component identification and centering component, and aligns the cutting line with the lower edge of the cover glass of the double-glass component;

[0027] After the positioning and centering of the cutting line is completed, the moving motor drives the double-glass component to move horizontally along the lower edge of the cover glass, thereby completing the cutting and stratification of the heated double-glass component. After the cutting and stratification is completed, the stratification separation component is reset to the initial position;

[0028] The glass grabbing and transporting component is lowered to the position of the cover glass through the glass grabbing and transporting shaft, and then is adsorbed by the glass grabbing suction cup and lifted to hover above the separation platform;

[0029] The layer separation component adjusts the angles of the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component and the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component;

[0030] The cover glass battery glue layer separation component starts and begins to rotate at high speed. The mobile motor drives the layer separation component to move horizontally to separate the battery glue layer inside the glass. At the same time, the separation scraper pushes the fallen battery glue layer and sends it to the battery glue layer conveying component and outputs it to the next process.

[0031] After the battery glue layer is separated, the layer separation component is reset to the initial position, and the glass grabbing and transporting component transports and unloads the cover glass; the glass grabbing and transporting component grabs the back panel glass for transportation and unloading.

[0032] Furthermore, in the double-glass component loading and identification measurement steps, the vacuum suction port on the separation platform draws a vacuum to suck the double-glass component to fix it, and the component heating component starts to work, heating the double-glass component to above 185° C. to soften the internal adhesive film of the double-glass component.

[0033] Furthermore, the angles of the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component and the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component are adjusted to the inner side of the cover glass and the back glass respectively, and the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component is in front of the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention adopts wire cutting to prevent the double-glass component from breaking during the delamination process and maintain the integrity of the component; a physical method is used to separate the battery glue layer on the inner side of the glass to avoid secondary pollution caused by the use of chemical reagents.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A top view of a double-glass component layer separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A front view of a double-glass component layer separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] In the picture

[0040] 1-separation platform, 11-vacuum suction port, 12-component heating component, 2-component identification and centering component, 3-layer separation component, 31-layer separation component base, 32-moving motor, 33-layer separation spindle, 34-cutting layer component, 341-cutting line, 35-cover glass battery glue layer component, 36-back glass battery glue layer separation component, 361-separation scraper, 4-glass grabbing and transporting component, 41-glass grabbing and transporting shaft, 42-glass grabbing suction cup, 5-battery glue layer conveying component, a-component to be separated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" etc. in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged in appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] like Figure 1 , double-glass component layer separation equipment, the equipment includes a separation platform 1, a component identification and centering component 2, a layer separation component 3, and a glass grabbing and transporting component 4; in the figure, a is a component to be separated.

[0046] The separation platform 1 is provided with a vacuum adsorption port 11 and a component heating component 12;

[0047] The vacuum adsorption ports 11 are evenly distributed on the surface of the separation platform 1. When the double-glass component is placed on the surface of the separation platform 1, vacuum adsorption is performed to fix the double-glass component.

[0048] The 12 component heating components are used to heat the photovoltaic components placed on the separation platform 1 to soften the adhesive film in the components. Preferably, the heating temperature should be ≥185°C;

[0049] The component identification and centering component 2 is used to identify the thickness and position information of each layer of the double-glass component, and transmit it to the central console to assist the three-layer separation component in separation, positioning and centering;

[0050] The layered separation component 3 is connected to the layered separation component base 31 through a screw, so that it can be lifted vertically; the layered separation component 31 base is connected to the moving motor 32 through a screw, so that the layered separation component 3 can be moved horizontally;

[0051] like Figure 2 The layer separation component 3 includes a layer separation spindle 33, a cutting layer component 34, a cover glass adhesive film battery layer separation component 35, and a back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component 36;

[0052] The cutting and layering component 34, the cover glass battery glue layer separation component 35, and the back glass battery glue layer separation component 36 are fixed on the layer separation main shaft 33, and a modular connection is adopted, so that the rotation and angle adjustment of any one of the cutting and layering component 34, the cover glass battery glue layer separation component 35, and the back glass battery glue layer separation component 36 can be realized separately;

[0053] The front end of the cutting layer component 34 is connected to a cutting wire 341; in a specific embodiment, the cutting wire 341 can be made of a diamond wire, a steel wire or the like, and preferably the diameter of the cutting wire 341 is less than 5 um;

[0054] The cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component 35 is a metal brush driven by a motor and can rotate at high speed to separate the residual battery and adhesive film on the cover glass;

[0055] The back panel glass battery adhesive layer separation component 36 is composed of a separation scraper 361, which can scrape off the battery adhesive layer on the back panel glass along the glass surface;

[0056] The glass grabbing and transporting component 4 is composed of a glass grabbing and transporting shaft 41 and a glass grabbing suction cup 42;

[0057] The glass grabbing and transporting shaft 41 is connected to a servo motor, which can realize the vertical lifting and 360° rotation of the glass grabbing and transporting component 4;

[0058] The battery material conveying component 5 is a belt conveyor line, which is used to convey the separated battery glue layer.

[0059] The double-glass component layer separation process when the equipment is running includes the following steps:

[0060] Place the double-glass photovoltaic module without the junction box and aluminum frame on the separation platform 1. When the module identification and centering component 2 recognizes the module loading, the loading information is transmitted to the central console, and the thickness of the module cover glass, the thickness of the battery layer and the thickness of the back glass are measured. The wire cutting position is determined and transmitted to the auxiliary layer separation component 3 of the central console for cutting position centering;

[0061] The vacuum adsorption port 11 on the separation platform 1 starts to work, vacuuming and adsorbing the photovoltaic module to fix it;

[0062] The component heating component 12 on the separation platform 1 starts to work, heating the photovoltaic component to above 185°C to soften the adhesive film inside the component;

[0063] The cutting layering component 34 adjusts the position and angle of the cutting line 341 according to the positioning information transmitted by the component identification and centering component 2, and aligns the cutting line 341 with the lower edge of the cover glass of the double-glass component;

[0064] The cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component 35 and the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component 36 are both moved above the layer separation spindle 33 to prevent the cutting process from interfering with the components;

[0065] After the cutting line 341 is positioned and aligned, it is driven by the moving motor 32 of the layer separation component 3 to move horizontally along the lower edge of the cover glass of the double glass component, thereby completing the cutting and layering of the heated double glass component;

[0066] After the cutting and stratification is completed, the stratification separation component 3 is reset to the initial position;

[0067] The glass grabbing and transporting component 4 is lowered to the position of the cover glass through the glass grabbing and transporting shaft 41, and then is sucked by the glass grabbing suction cup 42, and is lifted and suspended above the separation platform 1;

[0068] The layer separation component 3 adjusts the angles of the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component 35 and the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component 36 to the inner side of the cover glass and the back glass respectively, wherein the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component 35 is in front of the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component 36;

[0069] The metal brush of the cover glass battery glue layer separation component 35 is activated and begins to rotate at high speed;

[0070] The moving motor 32 drives the layer separation component 3 to move horizontally, and separates the battery glue layer inside the glass through the metal brush and the scraper blade; at the same time, the separation scraper 361 pushes the fallen battery glue layer to send it to the battery glue layer conveying component 5 and output it to the next process;

[0071] After the battery glue layer is separated, the layer separation component 3 is reset to the initial position;

[0072] The glass grabbing and transporting component 4 transports and unloads the cover glass;

[0073] The glass grabbing and transporting component 4 grabs the back panel glass for transport and unloading.

[0074] The key points of the double-glass component layer separation process of this technical solution are as follows: first, the double-glass component is heated to above 185°C to soften the internal adhesive film of the component, and then the cutting position of the double-glass component is determined by identification, and the double-glass component is layered by wire cutting along the upper edge of the cover glass, and then the double-glass component layer separation method of scraping the battery layer on the inner side of the glass with a metal brush or a shovel blade;

[0075] Secondly, the double-glass component layer separation equipment of this design is used; in addition, the double-glass component layer separation components are equipped with three separation components such as cutting lines, metal brushes and scrapers, and the angles of the components can be adjusted at will.

[0076] Other embodiments of this technical solution:

[0077] 1. The vacuum adsorption port in the separation platform can be fixed by mechanical fixation or other methods to achieve the fixation of the component position;

[0078] 2. Cutting layers can be done by metal wire cutting, knife cutting and other cutting methods;

[0079] 3. The cover glass and back glass removal and separation mechanisms are interchangeable and can be separated by metal brushes, scrapers or other mechanical methods;

[0080] 4. Non-integrated equipment can be used to separate in an assembly line manner using multiple devices.

[0081] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-glass component layer separation device, Features: include: A separation platform (1), the separation platform (1) providing a work surface for the double-glass assembly, the separation platform (1) being provided with vacuum adsorption ports (11), the vacuum adsorption ports (11) being evenly distributed on the separation platform (1); A component identification and centering component (2), wherein the component identification and centering component (2) is arranged on the separation platform (1), and the component identification and centering component (2) is located at one end of the vacuum adsorption port (11); A layered separation component (3), the layered separation component (3) being arranged on the separation platform (1) and configured to be able to separate the double-glass components, a driving mechanism being arranged in the separation platform (1), and the layered separation component (3) being connected to the driving mechanism; A glass grabbing and transporting component (4), the glass grabbing and transporting component (4) is fixed on the side of the separation platform (1), the glass grabbing and transporting component (4) comprises a glass grabbing and transporting shaft (41) and a glass grabbing and transporting suction cup (42), the glass grabbing and transporting shaft (41) extends above the separation platform (1), the end of the glass grabbing and transporting shaft (41) is connected to the glass grabbing and transporting suction cup (42), and the glass grabbing and transporting suction cup (42) is located above the corresponding double-glass component.

2. The double-glass component delamination and separation device as claimed in claim 1, Features: The separation platform (1) is provided with a component heating component (12), and the double-glass component is placed on the component heating component (12). The component heating component (12) is arranged in an S shape to avoid the vacuum adsorption port (11).

3. The double-glass component delamination and separation device according to claim 1, Features: The component identification and centering component (2) is configured to be able to identify the thickness and position information of each layer of the double-glass component and transmit it to the central control console, thereby assisting the layer separation component (3) in performing separation positioning and centering.

4. The double-glass component delamination and separation device according to claim 1, Features: The driving mechanism comprises a layered separation component base (31), a moving motor (32), and a lead screw. The layered separation component base (31) and the moving motor (32) are arranged inside the separation platform (1). The layered separation component (3) is connected to the layered separation component base (31) via a lead screw, and the layered separation component base (31) is connected to the moving motor (32) via another lead screw.

5. The double-glass component delamination and separation device as claimed in claim 1, Features: The layer separation component (3) comprises a layer separation main shaft (33), a cutting layer separation component (34), a cover glass battery glue layer component (35), and a back glass battery glue layer separation component (36); the cutting layer separation component (34), the cover glass battery glue layer component (35), and the back glass battery glue layer separation component (36) are respectively mounted on the layer separation main shaft (33) and are spaced apart circumferentially along the layer separation main shaft (33).

6. The double-glass component delamination and separation device as claimed in claim 5, Features: The front end of the cutting layer component (34) is provided with a cutting line (341), and the diameter of the cutting line (341) is less than 5 μm; the back panel glass battery glue layer separation component (36) includes a separation scraper (361).

7. The double-glass component delamination and separation device according to claim 1, Features: The separation platform (1) is also provided with a battery glue layer conveying component (5), and the battery glue layer conveying component (5) is arranged at the other end of the vacuum adsorption port (11) corresponding to the component identification and centering component (2).

8. A double-glass component layer separation process, Features: The double-glass component delamination separation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: The double-glass component with the junction box and the aluminum frame removed is placed on the separation platform (1), and the double-glass component loading is identified by the component identification and centering component (2), and the loading information and measurement information are transmitted to the central console to assist the layered separation component (3) in centering the cutting position; The cutting layering component (34) adjusts the position and angle of the cutting line (341) according to the positioning information transmitted by the component identification and centering component (2), and aligns the cutting line (341) with the lower edge of the cover glass of the double-glass component; After the cutting line (341) is positioned and aligned, it is driven by the moving motor (32) to move horizontally along the lower edge of the cover glass of the double-glass assembly, thereby completing the cutting and stratification of the heated double-glass assembly. After the cutting and stratification is completed, the stratification separation component (3) is reset to the initial position; The glass grabbing and transporting component (4) is lowered to the position of the cover glass via the glass grabbing and transporting shaft (41), and then is sucked by the glass grabbing suction cup (42), and is lifted and suspended above the separation platform (1); The layer separation component (3) adjusts the angles of the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component (35) and the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component (36); The cover glass battery glue layer separation component (35) is started and begins to rotate at high speed, and the moving motor (32) drives the layer separation component (3) to move horizontally to separate the battery glue layer inside the glass; at the same time, the separation scraper (361) pushes the fallen battery glue layer to send it to the battery glue layer conveying component (5) and output it to the next process; After the battery glue layer is separated, the layer separation component (3) is reset to the initial position, and the glass grabbing and transporting component (4) transports and unloads the cover glass; the glass grabbing and transporting component (4) grabs the back plate glass for transportation and unloading.

9. The double-glass component layer separation process as claimed in claim 8, Features: In the double-glass component loading and identification measurement steps, the vacuum adsorption port (11) on the separation platform (1) draws a vacuum to adsorb the double-glass component to fix it, and the component heating component (12) starts to work to heat the double-glass component to above 185° C., so that the internal adhesive film of the double-glass component softens.

10. The double-glass component layer separation process as claimed in claim 8, Features: The angles of the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component (35) and the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component (36) are adjusted to the inner sides of the cover glass and the back glass, respectively, and the cover glass battery adhesive layer separation component (35) is in front of the back glass adhesive film battery layer separation component (36).

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