Large aluminum bronze retainer and forming method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of retainer forming, in particular to a large aluminum bronze retainer and a forming method thereof.The forming method comprises the steps that a blank ring produced in a centrifugal casting mode is heated and upset in sequence; an upsetting accuracy adjusting mode is determined according to the upsetting pressure of a plurality of fan-shaped areas of the blank ring in the upsetting process, and the upsetting accuracy adjusting mode comprises the step of adjusting the rotary taking-out mode of the first-stage blank formed after upsetting or the step of determining whether heat conduction liquid is sprayed to the first-stage blank or not; pre-trestle chambering is conducted; a stress deviation correction mode is determined according to the vibration strength of the first-level blank, and the stress deviation correction mode comprises the mode of adjusting the contact face length of a ring rolling machine and the first-level blank or the mode of conducting ring rolling accuracy treatment; actual trestle chambering is conducted to form a second-stage blank; and round hole pre-drilling, milling machine machining and slitting are sequentially carried out to form the finished retainer. The forming machining precision and the machining efficiency of the retainer are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cage forming, and in particular to a large aluminum bronze cage and a forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, traditional cage manufacturing mostly adopts the casting steel ingot blanking process, which has problems such as low material utilization and long processing cycle. Especially for cages with complex groove structures, conventional milling efficiency is low, and the processing time of a single groove is as long as 15 to 20 minutes. In addition, the tool wear is serious during the processing, which makes it difficult to ensure the processing accuracy and surface quality. There are also many casting defects and uneven structure, which seriously affect the performance and service life of the cage.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN101487497B discloses a slewing bearing integral retainer and its production process, including the following steps: a) cutting the raw steel; b) surface grinding; c) punching a circular hole; d) grinding the punched circular hole; e) rough rolling, in which a non-equiangular rolling structure is used for rolling, and the non-equiangular rolling structure includes an active roller and two passive rollers, and the distance between the contact points of the two passive rollers and the bearing integral retainer is less than or equal to 2 times the center distance of two adjacent circular holes; f) welding; g) fine rolling. It can be seen that the slewing bearing integral retainer and its production process have the problems of reduced production quality due to the stress generated when the blank is cut or the stress of the long axis direction of the upset blank contacting the air cooling, and the reduced stability of the ring rolling due to the uneven internal and external stress of the blank that is not detected during the front-end operation, which leads to a reduced production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a large aluminum bronze retainer and a forming method thereof, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art of reduced production quality due to the stress generated when the blank is truncated or the stress of the upset blank contacting the long axis direction of the air cooling, and reduced ring rolling stability due to uneven stress inside and outside the blank that is not detected during front-end operation, thereby reducing production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a large aluminum bronze cage and a forming method thereof, comprising: The blank ring produced by centrifugal casting is sequentially heated and upset to form a primary blank; Determining an adjustment method for upsetting accuracy according to the upsetting pressure of several fan-shaped areas of the blank ring during the upsetting process, including adjusting the translation removal method of the primary blank formed after upsetting to a rotation removal method, or determining whether to spray a heat-conducting liquid on the primary blank according to the change in thickness of the primary blank; Using a ring rolling machine to perform pre-horse-type expansion on the primary billet according to a rolling curve; Determine a stress deviation correction method according to the vibration intensity of the primary blank during the hole expansion process of the pre-horse frame, including adjusting the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the primary blank, or performing a ring rolling accuracy processing method according to the slip amount of the contact surface; Controlling the ring rolling machine to perform actual rack expansion on the primary blank according to the corresponding stress deviation correction to form a secondary blank; The secondary blank is sequentially subjected to pre-drilling of circular holes, milling processing, and slitting to form a finished retainer.

[0006] Furthermore, the blank ring produced by centrifugal casting is heated and upset in sequence to form a primary blank, comprising: heating the blank ring according to a preset temperature; The heated blank ring is placed between an upper anvil and a lower anvil in an upsetting machine, and the upper anvil presses the blank ring down to a desired height to output the primary blank.

[0007] Further, the method for adjusting the upsetting accuracy includes: Respectively obtaining a number of upsetting pressures in each sector area at a number of initial pressing moments during the pressing process of the upper anvil plate; Calculating the average upsetting pressure of each sector area according to a number of upsetting pressures in each sector area, and calculating the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure according to the average upsetting pressure of the sector area; The standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is compared with the preset first standard deviation and the preset second standard deviation, respectively, wherein: If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset first standard deviation, it is determined that the upsetting stress of the blank ring does not meet the requirement; If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset second standard deviation, the sector area with the smallest average upsetting pressure of the partition is rotated to the direction of the outlet after the upsetting is completed, and when taking out, the temperature of the upper anvil plate away from the outlet is increased and the removal time of the lower anvil plate is extended; Wherein, the partition average upsetting pressure is the average value of a plurality of the upsetting pressures in a single sector-shaped area; the preset first standard deviation is smaller than the preset second standard deviation; The temperature of the upper anvil plate on the side away from the removal outlet is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure; the removal time of the lower anvil plate is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure.

[0008] Furthermore, the method of determining the adjustment method of upsetting accuracy further includes: If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset first standard deviation and less than the preset second standard deviation, it is preliminarily determined that the air cooling stress does not meet the requirements, and the change in half thickness of the vertical cross section of the primary blank during the upsetting process is obtained; If the variation of the half thickness is greater than a preset variation, it is determined that the air cooling stress does not meet the requirement for the second time, and a heat-conducting liquid is sprayed on the surface of the primary blank.

[0009] Furthermore, the half thickness is the thickness between the major axis of the vertical section of the primary blank and the lower anvil; the change in the half thickness is the difference between the half thickness at a unit pressing moment and the half thickness at the next unit pressing moment.

[0010] Further, the determining of the stress deviation correction method includes: Obtaining the vibration intensity of the secondary blank during the process of expanding the hole of the horse rack; Comparing the vibration intensity with a preset first vibration intensity and a preset second vibration intensity respectively; If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset first vibration intensity, it is determined that the uniformity of the internal and external stresses of the first-level blank does not meet the requirements; If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset second vibration intensity, the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the primary blank is increased to the vibration surface wavelength of the primary blank. Wherein, the preset first vibration intensity is smaller than the preset second vibration intensity.

[0011] Furthermore, the method of determining the stress deviation correction method further includes: If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset first vibration intensity and less than the preset second vibration intensity, it is preliminarily determined that the ring rolling stability does not meet the requirements, and the slip amount of the contact surface within the unit ring rolling time is obtained; If the slip amount is greater than or equal to the preset slip amount, the second determination is made that the ring rolling stability does not meet the requirements, and the position where the slip amount reaches the preset slip amount is marked on the primary blank as a slip mark point, and the slip mark point is processed for ring rolling accuracy after the slip mark point runs for one cycle; Among them, the slip amount of the contact surface is the displacement between the center position of the contact surface of the primary blank at the beginning of the unit ring rolling time and the center position of the contact surface of the ring rolling machine at the end of the unit ring rolling time.

[0012] Furthermore, the ring rolling accuracy processing method is to increase the ring rolling pressure when the ring rolling contacts the slip mark point after the slip mark point runs one circle, and at the same time increase the feed speed of the primary blank; The ring rolling pressure is positively correlated with the slip amount, and the feed speed is positively correlated with the slip amount.

[0013] Furthermore, the secondary blank is sequentially subjected to pre-drilling of circular holes, milling and slitting to form a finished retainer, including: Calculate the diameter of the line connecting the centers of the rolling grooves according to the angular intervals of a number of required rolling grooves; Pre-drilling a circular hole on the secondary blank according to the diameter of the center line of the rolling groove and the pitch circle; The pre-drilled secondary blank is processed on a milling machine according to the required rolling groove size and cut into equal lengths to form the finished retainer.

[0014] The present invention also provides a large aluminum bronze cage, comprising: The cage body is used to isolate the rolling elements of the bearing. The cage body is also provided with a plurality of rolling grooves for constraining the movement direction of the bearing rolling element, and a first positioning boss and a second positioning boss respectively provided on the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the cage body for fixing the cage body; Wherein, the composition of the cage body is CuAL 10 Fe 5 Ni 5 alloy.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effect that the method of the invention improves the utilization rate of metal by centrifugally casting the blank. During the centrifugal casting process, centrifugal casting does not require a pouring head, and the surface characteristics of the ring-shaped blank can be used to save the core and the pouring system, thereby saving time and materials. Under the action of centrifugal force, the casting is directionally solidified from the outside to the inside, and the gas and slag move to the inner cavity of the casting and are discharged due to their low density. Therefore, there are very few shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, pores, slag inclusions and other defects inside the casting, thereby improving the mechanical properties and physical properties, and efficiently filling the mold; the subsequent heating and ring rolling of the centrifugally cast blank ring saves the loss of punching in the forging process, reduces the excess and thus saves the input of raw materials, and reduces a heating process while ensuring the performance, making the process more simplified; the processing of the final product is completed by performing the processes of ring rolling, heat treatment, drilling, slitting and the like on the expanded blank. Since there are a lot of grooves on the retaining frame product to maintain the running track of the bearing rolling element, these grooves are usually processed by milling during the processing process, and the invention The method is performed by pre-processing by drilling, and then fine milling is performed on a milling machine. Compared with the overall milling method, the efficiency of the processing technology is improved while ensuring the accuracy. In the process of upsetting after heating, the stress of the blank changes due to heating the blank, resulting in inconsistent extrusion stress at various positions of the upper anvil during the upsetting and pressing process, which leads to uneven deformation of the blank, or the stress of the surface of the long axis side of the blank is different from that of the inside due to the stress change caused by the cold stress of the long axis circumferential plane of the blank expanding outward when contacting the air during upsetting, and the metal fluidity of the surface of the long axis side is reduced. By adjusting the removal method and spraying the heat-conducting liquid, the stress distribution, deformation uniformity and metal fluidity of the blank are improved. Due to the undetected stress change of the blank after heating, the blank in contact with different stress areas during the horse frame expansion stage causes vibration of the rolling ring, thereby generating an unstable ring rolling state, affecting the overall quality and accuracy of the retainer. By determining the stress deviation correction method, the vibration energy is absorbed and the uneven ring processing caused by slip is reduced, so that the surface accuracy of the ring structure of the retainer is improved.

[0016] Furthermore, the method of the present invention ensures that the internal temperature of the blank is uniform to maintain a thermally stable state by performing a heating treatment on the blank ring, thereby increasing the deformation capacity of the blank, thereby optimizing the subsequent upsetting and hole expansion processes and increasing the forming efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the method of the present invention sets a preset first standard deviation and a preset second standard deviation. Due to the shear stress of sawing, the stress on the sawing surface is uneven, which in turn leads to uneven stress distribution in each sector-shaped area during the upsetting process. The unevenly distributed blank produces slight deformation, which affects the production precision. By rotating the sector-shaped area with the smallest stress toward the outlet, increasing the temperature of the upper anvil on the side away from the outlet and extending the removal time of the lower anvil, the internal stress of the blank is balanced, the stability and precision of subsequent processing are ensured, and the height difference of the blank after upsetting caused by the area with high stress encountering cold air too early is reduced, thereby improving the production precision.

[0018] Furthermore, the method of the present invention sets a preset change amount. During the upsetting deformation process of the blank, the surface of one side of the long axis contacts the low-temperature air outside the anvil with a temperature difference, which causes the metal flow rate on one side of the long axis to decrease, thereby reducing the upsetting efficiency. When the internal metal is extruded, the surface metal flow rate decreases, resulting in increased extrusion stress on the internal metal, which is prone to metal cracks and affects the overall performance of the blank. By spraying heat-conducting liquid on the surface of the first-level blank and utilizing the rapid thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting liquid to balance the temperature difference between the surface and the interior of the blank, the fluidity of the surface metal can be improved, and the extrusion stress of the internal metal can be reduced, thereby reducing the generation of metal cracks and the problem of unbalanced internal and external stresses, thereby improving the overall performance of the blank.

[0019] Furthermore, the method of the present invention sets a preset first vibration intensity and a preset second vibration intensity. Due to continuous sawing, heating and extrusion, the internal and external stresses of the blank are unbalanced. This imbalance cannot be observed, resulting in an increase in the vibration intensity of the contact surface between the ring rolling machine and the blank during the ring rolling process, which leads to unstable ring rolling and affects the processing accuracy and surface quality of the retaining frame. By increasing the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the blank to the wavelength of the vibration surface of the blank, the vibration energy is absorbed, the relative vibration between the ring rolling machine and the blank is reduced, the stability of the ring rolling is increased, and the processing accuracy and surface quality of the retaining frame are improved.

[0020] Furthermore, the method of the present invention also sets a preset slip amount. Due to the vibration caused by unbalanced stress and the slip of the contact surface between the ring rolling machine and the blank when the ring rolling machine contacts different stresses in different areas, this slip will cause uneven processing of the annular structure and affect the overall quality and accuracy of the retaining frame. By marking the starting position where the slip amount does not meet the requirements on the blank and performing ring rolling accuracy processing on the marked starting position during the next ring rolling process, the uneven processing of the annular structure is corrected and the overall quality and accuracy of the retaining frame are improved.

[0021] Furthermore, the method of the present invention also provides a positioning reference for subsequent milling machine processing by setting a pre-drilled circular hole, thereby reducing the positioning error during milling machine processing and improving processing accuracy; the pre-drilled circular hole can also reduce the cutting amount during milling machine processing and improve processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall flow chart of a large aluminum bronze cage and a forming method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a finished product of a large aluminum bronze cage and a molding method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a secondary blank of a large aluminum bronze cage and a forming method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the upsetting structure of a large aluminum bronze cage and a forming method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a blank ring structure of a large aluminum bronze cage and a forming method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention; Description of the accompanying drawings: 1-cage body, 2-rolling groove, 3-first positioning boss, 4-second positioning boss, 5-blank ring, 6-upper anvil, 7-lower anvil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, they are respectively an overall flow chart of a large aluminum bronze cage and a forming method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention, a schematic diagram of a finished cage structure, a schematic diagram of a secondary blank cross section, a schematic diagram of an upsetting structure, and a schematic diagram of a blank ring structure. A forming method of a large aluminum bronze cage according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: Step S1, heating and upsetting the blank ring 5 produced by centrifugal casting in sequence to form a primary blank; Step S2, determining an adjustment method for adjusting the upsetting accuracy according to the upsetting pressures of several fan-shaped areas of the blank ring during the upsetting process, including adjusting the translation removal method of the primary blank formed after upsetting to a rotation removal method, or determining whether to spray a heat-conducting liquid on the primary blank according to the change in thickness of the primary blank; Step S3, using a ring rolling machine to perform pre-horse-type expansion on the primary billet according to a rolling curve; Step S4, determining a stress deviation correction method according to the vibration intensity of the primary blank during the pre-horse frame expansion process, including adjusting the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the primary blank, or performing a ring rolling accuracy processing method according to the slip amount of the contact surface; Step S5, controlling the ring rolling machine to perform actual rack expansion on the primary blank according to the corresponding stress deviation correction to form a secondary blank; Step S6, pre-drilling circular holes, milling, and cutting the secondary blank in sequence to form a finished retainer.

[0028] Specifically, the diameter of the secondary blank is greater than the diameter of the primary blank, and the thickness of the secondary blank is less than the thickness of the primary blank.

[0029] Specifically, in step S1, the device for heating the blank ring 5 is a forging heating furnace, and the device for upsetting the blank ring 5 is an upsetting machine; The centrifugal casting device is a centrifugal casting machine, wherein the centrifugal speed of the centrifugal casting machine during centrifugal casting is generally in the range of [800 rpm, 1000 rpm] under the condition that the height of the blank ring 5 is 305 mm and the cross-sectional diameter is 120 mm, and the preferred embodiment of the centrifugal speed is 900 rpm; In step S3, the rolling curve is the plastic deformation path of the primary billet parameters such as diameter, length, and volume; In step S6, the device for pre-drilling round holes in the secondary blank is a drilling machine, and the device for slitting is a slitting machine; Among them, the hole diameter tolerance of the pre-drilled circular hole is ±0.02mm, the positioning accuracy is less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the general value range of the drill speed of the drilling machine is [800rpm, 1200rpm]. The general range of cutting speed for milling machines includes [80m / min, 150m / min], The roughness of the cutting edge of the slitting machine's slitting tool is less than or equal to 0.4μm, the general value range of the slitting gap is [0.02mm, 0.05mm], and the stamping tonnage is greater than or equal to 20kN.

[0030] In practice, the method of the present invention improves the utilization rate of metal by centrifugally casting the blank. In the process of centrifugal casting, centrifugal casting does not require a pouring head, and the surface characteristics of the ring-shaped blank can be used to save the core and the pouring system, thereby saving time and materials. Under the action of centrifugal force, the casting is directionally solidified from the outside to the inside, and the gas and slag move to the inner cavity of the casting and are discharged due to their low density. Therefore, there are very few shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, pores, slag inclusions and other defects inside the casting, thereby improving the mechanical properties and physical properties, and efficiently filling the mold; the subsequent heating and ring rolling of the centrifugally cast blank ring 5 not only saves the loss of punching in the forging process, reduces the excess and thus saves the input of raw materials, but also reduces a heating process while ensuring the performance, making the process more simplified; the processing of the final product is completed by rolling, heat treating, drilling, cutting and other processes on the expanded blank. Since there are a lot of grooves on the retaining frame product to maintain the running track of the bearing rolling element, these grooves are usually processed by milling during the processing process. The method of the present invention uses The process is carried out by pre-processing with drilling, and finally fine milling is carried out on a milling machine. Compared with the overall milling process, the efficiency of the processing technology is improved while ensuring the accuracy. In the process of upsetting after heating, the stress of the blank changes due to the heating of the blank, resulting in inconsistent extrusion stresses at various positions of the upper anvil 6 during the upsetting and pressing process, which leads to uneven deformation of the blank, or because the circumferential plane of the long axis of the blank expands outward and contacts the air during upsetting, the stress changes when it encounters cooling, resulting in a difference between the surface stress of the long axis side of the blank and the internal stress, and the metal fluidity of the surface of the long axis side is reduced. By adjusting the removal method and spraying heat-conducting liquid, the stress distribution, deformation uniformity and metal fluidity of the blank are improved. Due to the undetected stress change of the blank after heating, the blank in contact with different stress areas during the horse frame expansion stage causes vibration of the rolling ring, resulting in an unstable ring rolling state, affecting the overall quality and accuracy of the retaining frame. By determining the stress deviation correction method, the vibration energy is absorbed and the uneven ring processing caused by slip is reduced, thereby achieving an improvement in the surface accuracy of the ring structure of the retaining frame.

[0031] Specifically, the blank ring 5 produced by centrifugal casting is heated and upset in sequence to form a primary blank, including: Heating the blank ring 5 according to a preset temperature; The heated blank ring 5 is placed between an upper anvil 6 and a lower anvil 7 in an upsetting machine, and the upper anvil 6 presses the blank ring 5 down to a desired height to output the primary blank.

[0032] Specifically, under the condition that the height of the blank ring 5 is 305 mm and the cross-sectional diameter is 120 mm, the general value range of the preset temperature is [935° C., 955° C.], and the preferred embodiment of the preset temperature is 945° C.

[0033] Those skilled in the art can understand that 945°C is a preferred embodiment under the conditions that the length of the blank ring 5 is 305 mm and the cross-sectional diameter is 120 mm, and those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset change amount according to changes in the actual application environment.

[0034] In practice, the method of the present invention ensures that the internal temperature of the blank is uniform to maintain a thermally stable state by performing a heating treatment on the blank ring 5, thereby increasing the deformation capacity of the blank, thereby optimizing the subsequent upsetting and hole expansion processes and increasing the forming efficiency.

[0035] Specifically, the method for determining the adjustment method of upsetting accuracy includes: Respectively obtaining a number of upsetting pressures in each sector area at a number of initial pressing moments during the pressing process of the upper anvil plate 6; Calculating the average upsetting pressure of each sector area according to a number of upsetting pressures in each sector area, and calculating the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure according to the average upsetting pressure of the sector area; The standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is compared with the preset first standard deviation and the preset second standard deviation, respectively, wherein: If the upsetting pressure standard deviation is greater than or equal to the preset first standard deviation, it is determined that the upsetting stress of the blank ring 5 does not meet the requirement; If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset second standard deviation, the sector area with the smallest average upsetting pressure of the partition is rotated to the direction of the outlet after the upsetting is completed, and when taking out, the temperature of the upper anvil 6 away from the outlet is increased and the removal time of the lower anvil 7 is extended; Wherein, the partition average upsetting pressure is the average value of a plurality of the upsetting pressures in a single sector-shaped area; the preset first standard deviation is smaller than the preset second standard deviation; The temperature of the upper anvil plate 6 on the side away from the removal port is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure; the removal time of the lower anvil plate 7 is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure.

[0036] Specifically, the upper anvil 6 is circular in shape, and the lower surface of the upper anvil 6 is divided into a number of sector-shaped areas of equal shape and area, and each sector-shaped area is provided with an equal number of uniformly distributed piezoelectric sensors; The number of piezoelectric sensors provided is positively correlated with the diameter of the lower surface of the upper anvil plate 6; The piezoelectric sensors in a single sector area are arranged in such a way that the number of piezoelectric sensors per unit sector area is arranged in an increasing manner in the direction from the center of the upper anvil plate 6 to the edge of the sector area.

[0037] Specifically, under the condition that the height of the blank ring 5 is 305 mm and the cross-sectional diameter is 120 mm, the general value range of the preset first standard deviation is [0.0055, 0.01], and the general value range of the preset second standard deviation is [0.014, 0.05].

[0038] Preferably, the preferred embodiment of the preset first standard deviation is 0.007, and the preferred embodiment of the preset second standard deviation is 0.02.

[0039] Those skilled in the art can understand that 0.007 and 0.02 are preferred embodiments under the condition that the length of the blank ring 5 is 305 mm and the cross-sectional diameter is 120 mm. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset variation according to changes in the actual application environment.

[0040] In implementation, when the difference between the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure and the preset second standard deviation is within 0.001, the temperature of the upper anvil 6 increases by 10°C, and the removal time of the lower anvil 7 increases by 4s. When the difference between the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure and the preset second standard deviation exceeds 0.001, the temperature of the upper anvil 6 increases by 8°C for every 0.001 increase, the removal time of the lower anvil 7 increases by 3s. For example, when the difference between the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure and the preset second standard deviation is 0.003, the current temperature of the upper anvil 6 is 600°C, the removal time of the lower anvil 7 is 30s, the temperature increase of the upper anvil 6 is 600°C+10°C+8°C+8°C=626°C, and the removal time of the lower anvil 7 increases to 30s+4s+3s+3s=40s.

[0041] Specifically, the temperature of the upper anvil 6 on the side away from the removal outlet is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure; and the removal time of the lower anvil 7 is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure.

[0042] In implementation, the method of the present invention sets a preset first standard deviation and a preset second standard deviation. Due to the shear stress of sawing, the stress on the sawing surface is uneven, which leads to uneven stress distribution in each sector area during the upsetting process. The unevenly distributed blank produces slight deformation, which affects the production precision. By rotating the sector area with the smallest stress to the direction of the outlet, increasing the temperature of the upper anvil 6 on the side away from the outlet and extending the removal time of the lower anvil 7, the internal stress of the blank is balanced, the stability and precision of subsequent processing are ensured, and the height difference of the blank after upsetting caused by the area with high stress encountering cold air too early is reduced, thereby improving the production precision.

[0043] Specifically, the method for determining the adjustment method of upsetting accuracy also includes: If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset first standard deviation and less than the preset second standard deviation, it is preliminarily determined that the air cooling stress does not meet the requirements, and the change in half thickness of the vertical cross section of the primary blank during the upsetting process is obtained; If the variation of the half thickness is greater than a preset variation, it is determined that the air cooling stress does not meet the requirement for the second time, and a heat-conducting liquid is sprayed on the surface of the primary blank.

[0044] Specifically, under the condition that the height of the blank ring 5 is 305 mm and the cross-sectional diameter is 120 mm, the general value range of the preset change amount is [0.4 mm, 0.8 mm], and the preferred embodiment of the preset change amount is 0.5 mm.

[0045] Those skilled in the art can understand that 0.5 mm is a preferred embodiment under the conditions that the length of the blank ring 5 is 305 mm and the cross-sectional diameter is 120 mm, and those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset change amount according to changes in the actual application environment.

[0046] Specifically, a liquid spraying port for spraying heat-conducting liquid is arranged on the inner wall of the upsetting machine; and a rotating motor is arranged below the lower anvil plate 7 to drive the lower anvil plate 7 to rotate.

[0047] Specifically, embodiments of the heat-conducting liquid include heat-conducting oil and water-ethylene glycol solution, and a preferred embodiment of the heat-conducting liquid is heat-conducting oil.

[0048] Specifically, the half thickness is the thickness between the major axis of the vertical section of the primary blank and the lower anvil 7; the change in the half thickness is the difference between the half thickness at a unit pressing moment and the half thickness at the next unit pressing moment.

[0049] In implementation, the method of the present invention sets a preset change amount. During the upsetting deformation process of the blank, the surface of one side of the long axis contacts the low-temperature air outside the anvil with a temperature difference, which causes the metal flow rate on one side of the long axis to decrease, thereby reducing the upsetting efficiency. When the internal metal is extruded, the surface metal flow rate decreases, resulting in increased extrusion stress on the internal metal, which is prone to metal cracks and affects the overall performance of the blank. By spraying heat-conducting liquid on the surface of the first-level blank and utilizing the rapid thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting liquid, the temperature difference between the surface and the interior of the blank is balanced, thereby improving the fluidity of the surface metal and reducing the extrusion stress of the internal metal, thereby reducing the generation of metal cracks and the problem of imbalance between internal and external stresses and improving the overall performance of the blank.

[0050] Specifically, the method for determining the stress deviation correction method includes: Obtaining the vibration intensity of the secondary blank during the process of expanding the hole of the horse rack; Comparing the vibration intensity with a preset first vibration intensity and a preset second vibration intensity respectively; If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset first vibration intensity, it is determined that the uniformity of the internal and external stresses of the first-level blank does not meet the requirements; If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset second vibration intensity, the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the primary blank is increased to the vibration surface wavelength of the primary blank. Wherein, the preset first vibration intensity is smaller than the preset second vibration intensity.

[0051] Specifically, the vibration intensity of the secondary blank is collected by a displacement sensor. The present invention does not limit the location of the displacement sensor, as long as the vibration intensity of the secondary blank can be detected.

[0052] Specifically, the method of increasing the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the primary blank to the wavelength of the vibration surface of the primary blank is to increase the pressure between the expansion core rod of the ring rolling machine and the pressurizer.

[0053] Specifically, under the condition that the outer diameter of the ring of the primary blank is 6287mm, the inner diameter is 6045mm, and the height is 75mm, the general value range of the preset first vibration intensity is , the general value range of the preset second vibration intensity is .

[0054] Preferably, the preferred embodiment of presetting the first vibration intensity is: , the preferred embodiment of presetting the second vibration intensity is .

[0055] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that and This is a preferred embodiment under the condition that the outer diameter of the ring of the primary blank is 6287mm, the inner diameter is 6045mm, and the height is 75mm. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset change amount according to changes in the actual application environment.

[0056] In implementation, the method of the present invention sets a preset first vibration intensity and a preset second vibration intensity. Due to continuous sawing, heating, and extrusion, the internal and external stresses of the blank are unbalanced. This imbalance cannot be observed, resulting in an increase in the vibration intensity of the contact surface between the ring rolling machine and the blank during the ring rolling process, resulting in unstable ring rolling, affecting the processing accuracy and surface quality of the retaining frame. By increasing the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the blank to the wavelength of the vibration surface of the blank, the vibration energy is absorbed, the relative vibration between the ring rolling machine and the blank is reduced, the stability of the ring rolling is increased, and the processing accuracy and surface quality of the retaining frame are improved.

[0057] Specifically, the method for determining the stress deviation correction method further includes: If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset first vibration intensity and less than the preset second vibration intensity, it is preliminarily determined that the ring rolling stability does not meet the requirements, and the slip amount of the contact surface within the unit ring rolling time is obtained; If the slip amount is greater than or equal to the preset slip amount, the second determination is made that the ring rolling stability does not meet the requirements, and the position where the slip amount reaches the preset slip amount is marked on the primary blank as a slip mark point, and the slip mark point is processed for ring rolling accuracy after the slip mark point runs for one cycle; Among them, the slip amount of the contact surface is the displacement between the center position of the contact surface of the primary blank at the beginning of the unit ring rolling time and the center position of the contact surface of the ring rolling machine at the end of the unit ring rolling time.

[0058] Specifically, the ring rolling accuracy processing method is to increase the ring rolling pressure when the ring rolling contacts the slip mark point after the slip mark point runs one circle, and at the same time increase the feed speed of the primary blank; The ring rolling pressure is positively correlated with the slip amount, and the feed speed is positively correlated with the slip amount.

[0059] Specifically, under the conditions that the outer diameter of the ring of the primary blank is 6287mm, the inner diameter is 6045mm, and the height is 75mm, the general value range of the preset slip amount is [6mm, 14mm], and the preferred embodiment of the preset slip amount is 8mm.

[0060] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that 8mm is a preferred embodiment under the conditions that the outer diameter of the ring of the primary blank is 6287mm, the inner diameter is 6045mm, and the height is 75mm. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset change amount according to changes in the actual application environment.

[0061] In implementation, for every 1 mm increase in the difference between the slip amount and the preset slip amount, when the ring rolling pressure contacts the slip mark point after the slip mark point runs one circle, the ring rolling pressure increases to 1.05 times the original value, and the feed speed of the first-level billet increases to 1.02 times the original value.

[0062] In implementation, the method of the present invention also sets a preset slip amount. Due to the vibration caused by unbalanced stress and the slip of the contact surface between the ring rolling machine and the blank when the ring rolling machine contacts different stresses in different areas, this slip will cause uneven processing of the annular structure and affect the overall quality and accuracy of the retainer. By marking the starting position where the slip amount does not meet the requirements on the blank, and performing ring rolling accuracy processing on the marked starting position during the next ring rolling process, the uneven processing of the annular structure is corrected and the overall quality and accuracy of the retainer are improved.

[0063] Specifically, the secondary blank is sequentially subjected to pre-drilling of circular holes, milling, and slitting to form a finished retainer, including: Calculate the diameter of the center line of the rolling groove 2 according to the angular intervals of the required rolling grooves 2; Pre-drilling a circular hole on the secondary blank according to the diameter of the center line of the rolling groove 2 and the pitch circle; The pre-drilled secondary blank is processed on a milling machine according to the required size of the rolling groove 2 and cut into equal lengths to form the finished retainer.

[0064] In implementation, the method of the present invention also provides a positioning reference for subsequent milling machine processing by setting a pre-drilled circular hole, thereby reducing the positioning error during milling machine processing and improving processing accuracy; the pre-drilled circular hole can also reduce the cutting amount during milling machine processing and improve processing efficiency.

[0065] The present invention also provides an embodiment of a large aluminum bronze cage, comprising: The cage body is used to isolate the rolling elements of the bearing. The cage body is also provided with a plurality of rolling grooves for constraining the movement direction of the bearing rolling element, and a first positioning boss and a second positioning boss respectively provided on the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the cage body for fixing the cage body; Wherein, the composition of the cage body is CuAL 10 Fe 5 Ni 5 alloy.

[0066] Specifically, CuAL 10 Fe 5 Ni 5 The composition ratio of the alloy is 78% by mass of copper, 10% by mass of aluminum, 5% by mass of nickel, 4% by mass of iron, and the total mass content of manganese, silicon, zinc, magnesium, lead and tin is 2%.

[0067] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage, characterized in that: include: The blank ring produced by centrifugal casting is sequentially heated and upset to form a primary blank; Determining an adjustment method for upsetting accuracy according to the upsetting pressure of several fan-shaped areas of the blank ring during the upsetting process, including adjusting the translation removal method of the primary blank formed after upsetting to a rotation removal method, or determining whether to spray a heat-conducting liquid on the primary blank according to the change in thickness of the primary blank; Using a ring rolling machine to perform pre-horse-type expansion on the primary billet according to a rolling curve; Determine a stress deviation correction method according to the vibration intensity of the primary blank during the hole expansion process of the pre-horse frame, including adjusting the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the primary blank, or performing a ring rolling accuracy processing method according to the slip amount of the contact surface; Controlling the ring rolling machine to perform actual rack expansion on the primary blank according to the corresponding stress deviation correction to form a secondary blank; The secondary blank is sequentially subjected to pre-drilling of circular holes, milling processing, and slitting to form a finished retainer.

2. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of sequentially heating and upsetting the blank ring produced by centrifugal casting to form a primary blank comprises: Heating the blank ring according to a preset temperature; The heated blank ring is placed between an upper anvil and a lower anvil in an upsetting machine, and the upper anvil presses the blank ring down to a desired height to output the primary blank.

3. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for determining the adjustment of upsetting accuracy includes: Respectively obtaining a number of upsetting pressures in each sector area at a number of initial pressing moments during the pressing process of the upper anvil plate; Calculating the average upsetting pressure of each sector area according to a number of upsetting pressures in each sector area, and calculating the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure according to the average upsetting pressure of the sector area; The upsetting pressure standard deviation is compared with the preset first standard deviation and the preset second standard deviation, respectively, wherein: If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset first standard deviation, it is determined that the upsetting stress of the blank ring does not meet the requirement; If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset second standard deviation, the sector area with the smallest average upsetting pressure of the partition is rotated to the direction of the outlet after the upsetting is completed, and when taking out, the temperature of the upper anvil plate away from the outlet is increased and the removal time of the lower anvil plate is extended; Wherein, the partition average upsetting pressure is the average value of a plurality of the upsetting pressures in a single sector-shaped area; the preset first standard deviation is smaller than the preset second standard deviation; The temperature of the upper anvil plate on the side away from the removal outlet is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure; the removal time of the lower anvil plate is positively correlated with the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure.

4. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for determining the adjustment method of upsetting accuracy also includes: If the standard deviation of the upsetting pressure is greater than or equal to the preset first standard deviation and less than the preset second standard deviation, it is preliminarily determined that the air cooling stress does not meet the requirements, and the change in half thickness of the vertical cross section of the primary blank during the upsetting process is obtained; If the variation of the half thickness is greater than a preset variation, it is determined that the air cooling stress does not meet the requirement for the second time, and a heat-conducting liquid is sprayed on the surface of the primary blank.

5. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The half thickness is the thickness between the major axis of the vertical section of the primary blank and the lower anvil; the change in the half thickness is the difference between the half thickness at a unit pressing moment and the half thickness at the next unit pressing moment.

6. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of determining the stress deviation correction method includes: Obtaining the vibration intensity of the secondary blank during the process of expanding the hole of the horse rack; Comparing the vibration intensity with a preset first vibration intensity and a preset second vibration intensity respectively; If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset first vibration intensity, it is determined that the uniformity of the internal and external stresses of the first-level blank does not meet the requirements; If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset second vibration intensity, the contact surface length between the ring rolling machine and the primary blank is increased to the vibration surface wavelength of the primary blank. Wherein, the preset first vibration intensity is smaller than the preset second vibration intensity.

7. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for determining the stress deviation correction method further includes: If the vibration intensity is greater than or equal to the preset first vibration intensity and less than the preset second vibration intensity, it is preliminarily determined that the ring rolling stability does not meet the requirements, and the slip amount of the contact surface within the unit ring rolling time is obtained; If the slip amount is greater than or equal to the preset slip amount, the second determination is made that the ring rolling stability does not meet the requirements, and the position where the slip amount reaches the preset slip amount is marked on the primary blank as a slip mark point, and the slip mark point is processed for ring rolling accuracy after the slip mark point runs for one cycle; Among them, the slip amount of the contact surface is the displacement between the center position of the contact surface of the primary blank at the beginning of the unit ring rolling time and the center position of the contact surface of the ring rolling machine at the end of the unit ring rolling time.

8. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ring rolling accuracy processing method is to increase the ring rolling pressure when the ring rolling contacts the slip mark point after the slip mark point runs one circle, and at the same time increase the feed speed of the primary blank; The ring rolling pressure is positively correlated with the slip amount, and the feed speed is positively correlated with the slip amount.

9. The method for forming a large aluminum bronze cage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The secondary blank is sequentially subjected to pre-drilling of circular holes, milling and slitting to form a finished retainer, including: Calculate the diameter of the line connecting the centers of the rolling grooves according to the angular intervals of a number of required rolling grooves; Pre-drilling a circular hole on the secondary blank according to the diameter of the center line of the rolling groove and the pitch circle; The pre-drilled secondary blank is processed on a milling machine according to the required rolling groove size and cut into equal lengths to form the finished retainer.

10. A large aluminum bronze cage made by the large aluminum bronze cage forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The cage body is used to isolate the rolling elements of the bearing. The cage body is also provided with a plurality of rolling grooves for constraining the movement direction of the bearing rolling element, and a first positioning boss and a second positioning boss respectively provided on the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the cage body for fixing the cage body; Wherein, the component of the retainer body is CuAL10Fe5Ni5 alloy.

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