Array type expansion energy absorption pipe anti-collision buffer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rail traffic safety protection, and particularly relates to an array type expansion energy absorption pipe anti-collision buffer. An array type expansion energy absorption pipe anti-collision buffer comprises a first base plate and a second base plate, a plurality of impact heads are installed on the first base plate, a plurality of energy absorption pipes are installed on the second base plate, the impact heads and the energy absorption pipes are arranged in pairs, and the positions of each pair of the impact heads and the energy absorption pipes correspond to each other. The diameter of the end, close to an energy absorption pipe opening, of each pair of impact heads is consistent with the diameter of the position of the energy absorption pipe opening, the first base plate and the second base plate are connected through an energy absorption spring, and when no external force exists, the impact heads are located at the position of the energy absorption pipe opening. And under the action of external force, the impact head extends into the energy absorption pipe and enables the energy absorption pipe to deform. According to the buffer device, the rigid energy absorption mode of a traditional buffer is changed, the adaptability to different impact forces is effectively improved, the buffer device can be repeatedly used according to conditions, and reliable guarantee is provided for automobile driving and rail transit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit safety protection, and in particular relates to an array-type expansion energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer. Background Art

[0002] As the speed of transportation continues to increase, especially in the process of high-speed trains and modern cars, unexpected situations such as sudden braking and collisions between vehicles often produce huge impact forces, which not only damage the vehicle itself, but also pose a great threat to the safety of passengers in the car. The emergence of energy-absorbing buffers effectively solves this problem. Energy-absorbing buffers are mainly used to reduce the impact force during collisions and protect passengers and vehicle structures. They mainly reduce the impact force during collisions by deformation or compression, reducing the damage caused by collisions to the vehicle body and passengers.

[0003] At present, many buffers still use rigid energy-absorbing buffers. Rigid buffers can be compressed and deformed in the event of a collision due to their variable stiffness structural design. In this process, kinetic energy is converted into heat energy or deformation energy, thereby reducing the impact of the impact force on the vehicle and passengers. Although this type of buffer performs well in dealing with a single impact, its adaptability has certain limitations. Most rigid energy-absorbing buffers cannot be used after being impacted, resulting in their inability to meet the requirements of complex and changing operating environments, posing certain safety hazards. In response to these technical defects, further research and innovation are needed to consider other energy absorption methods to meet the needs of high speed and high load and provide reliable protection for automobile driving and rail transit. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide an array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer. This buffer device changes the rigid energy absorption mode of the traditional buffer, effectively improves the adaptability to different impact forces, and can be reused multiple times according to the situation. While providing reliable protection for automobile driving and rail transportation, it is of great significance to environmental protection and energy conservation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer, comprising a first pad and a second pad, a plurality of impact heads are installed on the first pad, and a plurality of energy-absorbing tubes are installed on the second pad, the impact heads and energy-absorbing tubes are arranged in pairs, and the positions of each pair of impact heads and energy-absorbing tubes correspond, the diameter of each pair of impact heads close to the orifice of the energy-absorbing tube is consistent with the diameter at the orifice of the energy-absorbing tube, the first pad and the second pad are connected by an energy-absorbing spring, when there is no external force, the impact head is located directly above the orifice of the energy-absorbing tube; when there is external force, the impact head extends into the energy-absorbing tube and causes the energy-absorbing tube to deform.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of energy absorbing springs are arranged between the first pad and the second pad.

[0007] Preferably, the impact head is a conical structure, and its diameter is smaller at one end close to the energy absorbing tube.

[0008] Preferably, the energy absorbing tube is a cylindrical structure, and its wall thickness is consistent from top to bottom, and the diameter of the energy absorbing tube opening is consistent with the diameter of the impact head at the thinnest position.

[0009] Preferably, the energy absorbing tube is a cylindrical structure, and the wall thickness thereof gradually increases as it moves away from the connection position with the impact head, and the width of the inner cavity of the energy absorbing tube near one end of the impact head is larger.

[0010] Preferably, the length of the impact head is consistent with the length of the energy absorbing tube.

[0011] Preferably, the cross section of the impact head close to one end of the energy absorbing tube is a plum blossom-shaped structure.

[0012] Preferably, the cross-section of the inner wall of the energy absorbing tube is a plum blossom-shaped structure.

[0013] Preferably, seven groups of impact heads and energy absorbing tubes that cooperate with each other are arranged between the first pad and the second pad, and the impact heads and energy absorbing tubes are arranged in a circular array.

[0014] Preferably, six energy absorbing springs are arranged between the first pad and the second pad, and the energy absorbing springs are arranged in a circular shape around the periphery of the impact head and the energy absorbing tube.

[0015] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the first pad and the second pad are respectively installed on the impacted surface or between two surfaces that impact each other. When an impact occurs, the impact head is inserted into the energy absorbing tube, causing the energy absorbing tube to expand and deform, thereby effectively absorbing the impact energy and reducing the damage to the vehicle body and passengers caused by the impact force. At the same time, a circle of energy absorbing springs is also arranged on the periphery of the energy absorbing tube. The energy absorbing springs can not only absorb part of the impact energy, but also have a certain shock absorbing effect, helping to disperse and alleviate the vibration during the impact process, and further enhancing the overall performance of the buffer. When the buffer is subjected to a smaller impact, the energy absorbing tube will not completely expand and deform. At this time, the energy absorbing spring can also reset the first pad and the second pad. Then, the buffer involved in the invention can be used multiple times until it is completely expanded and deformed.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The impact head and the energy absorbing tube cooperate with each other. When impacted, the impact head continuously penetrates into the inner cavity of the energy absorbing tube, forcing the energy absorbing tube to deform, absorb energy, and reduce impact damage to the vehicle body. With the aid of an energy absorbing spring, a better energy absorption effect can be achieved. 2. The impact head and the energy absorbing tube are evenly spaced in pairs and distributed in an array between the first pad and the second pad, which can evenly and massively absorb impact energy and reduce impact damage. 3. The buffer makes up for the technical defect of the one-time use of the rigid energy absorbing buffer. It has strong adaptability in dealing with different impact forces, can flexibly adjust the energy absorption effect according to different impact intensities, and can withstand multiple impact energies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the energy absorbing tube structure in the third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact head in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. First pad; 2. Second pad; 3. Impact head; 4. Energy absorbing tube; 5. Energy absorbing spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: As shown in the attached specification Figure 1-2 As shown, an array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer includes a first pad 1 and a second pad 2, wherein a plurality of impact heads 3 are installed on the first pad 1, and a plurality of energy-absorbing tubes 4 are installed on the second pad 2, wherein the impact heads 3 and the energy-absorbing tubes 4 are arranged in pairs, and the positions of each pair of impact heads 3 and energy-absorbing tubes 4 correspond, and the diameter of one end of each pair of impact heads 3 close to the tube mouth of the energy-absorbing tube 4 is consistent with the diameter at the tube mouth of the energy-absorbing tube 4, and the first pad 1 and the second pad 2 are connected by an energy-absorbing spring 5, and when no external force is applied, the impact head 3 is located at the tube mouth of the energy-absorbing tube 4; when an external force is applied, the impact head 3 extends into the energy-absorbing tube 4 and causes the energy-absorbing tube 4 to deform.

[0021] In the first embodiment, the wall thickness of the energy absorbing tube 4 is equal, and the diameter of the opening of the energy absorbing tube 4 is consistent with the diameter at the thinnest position of the impact head 3. The thickness of the first pad 1 and the second pad 2 is 8-10mm, and the diameter is 120-180mm. Two circles of 7 groups of impact heads 3 and energy absorbing tube 4 structures are arranged in a circular array between the first pad 1 and the second pad 2. The impact head 3 is a hollow conical flat bottom structure. The diameter of the contact position between the impact head 3 and the energy absorbing tube 4 is 20mm, the diameter of the contact position between the impact head 3 and the first pad 1 is 30mm, and the height is 30mm. The inner diameter of the energy absorbing tube 4 is 20mm, the height is 30mm, and the thickness is 3mm. When the energy absorbing tube 4 fully absorbs energy and expands, its upper and lower diameters expand to 30mm.

[0022] In practical applications, the radius of the circular array of the impact heads 3 and energy absorbing tubes 4 is 30-40 mm, the outer circle is composed of 6 groups of impact heads 3 and energy absorbing tubes 4, and the inner circle is composed of 1 group of impact heads 3 and energy absorbing tubes 4.

[0023] Six energy absorbing springs 5 ​​are arranged between the first pad 1 and the second pad 2. The energy absorbing springs 5 ​​are arranged in a circle around the impact head 3 and the energy absorbing tube 4. The radius of the circle array is 60-80 mm. The height of the energy absorbing springs 5 ​​in the natural state is consistent with the height between the first pad 1 and the second pad 2, which is 60 mm. In practical applications, the pitch of the energy absorbing springs 5 ​​is 5 mm, and the energy absorbing springs 5 ​​are fixed to the first pad 1 and the second pad 2 by gluing or welding.

[0024] Embodiment 2: As shown in the attached specification Figure 3 As shown, compared with the first embodiment, the wall thickness of the energy absorbing tube 4 gradually increases as it moves away from the connection position with the impact head 3, and the width of the inner cavity of the energy absorbing tube 4 near the end of the impact head 3 is larger. After being impacted, the impact head 3 gradually goes deeper into the energy absorbing tube 4, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the energy absorbing tube 4 becomes smaller and smaller, and the wall thickness becomes larger and larger, so the deformation amount that it can withstand is also larger and larger, and more energy can be absorbed.

[0025] Embodiment 3: As shown in the attached specification Figure 4 and 5 As shown, compared with embodiments one and two, the cross-section of the impact head 3 near one end of the energy absorbing tube 4 is a plum blossom-shaped structure, while the cross-section of the end connected to the first pad 1 is circular with a smooth transition in the middle, and the cross-section of the inner wall of the energy absorbing tube 4 is a plum blossom-shaped structure.

[0026] The impact head 3 is a plum blossom-shaped structure only at the 1 / 5-1 / 4 position of the head end, while the rest of the position is still a conical structure; while the energy absorbing tube 4 has the same structure from top to bottom, and the cross section is a plum blossom-shaped structure. After the impact occurs, the head end of the impact head 3 docks with the energy absorbing tube 4 and gradually inserts. As the insertion depth of the impact head 3 continues to increase, the diameter of the part where the impact head 3 extends becomes larger and larger, while the structure of the energy absorbing tube 4 is consistent, and the plum blossom-shaped structure is gradually stretched out until it becomes a circle. This structural design increases the deformation of the energy absorbing tube 4, which can absorb more energy and further reduce the harm to the vehicle body and passengers.

[0027] Each energy absorbing tube 4 has a wall thickness of 2mm, an average inner diameter of 20mm, and a height of 30mm. The radius of the circular array formed by the energy absorbing tubes 4 is 30-40mm. The height of each impact head 3 is consistent with the height of the energy absorbing tube 4, both of which are 30mm, and the wall thickness is 3mm. The material of the buffer is a lightweight and tough aluminum alloy material, and the above parts are printed separately through 3D printing technology.

[0028] In the present invention, the lightweight design of the structure is taken into consideration. For example, the impact head 3 is designed as a hollow structure, various materials are also selected from lightweight and high-toughness aluminum alloy materials, and the sizes of various components are also optimal sizes.

[0029] In order to ensure the buffering effect, multiple buffers can be installed between the two impact surfaces to form an array structure to absorb more impact energy.

[0030] The buffer not only performs stably in high-speed and high-load environments, but also meets the application requirements of high speed and high strength, enabling it to maintain excellent performance in complex operating environments. Whether it is frequent braking and collisions in rail transit or various impact situations that may be encountered in the automotive industry, the array-type expansion energy-absorbing tube 4 anti-collision buffer can provide reliable protection. At the same time, the buffer also takes into account the lightweight design of the structure, minimizes the use of materials, and thus reduces the overall weight of the product, which is of great significance to energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0031] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An array-type expansion energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first pad and a second pad, wherein a plurality of impact heads are mounted on the first pad, and a plurality of energy absorbing tubes are mounted on the second pad, wherein the impact heads and the energy absorbing tubes are arranged in pairs, and each pair of impact heads and the energy absorbing tubes are positioned correspondingly, and the diameter of one end of each pair of impact heads close to the orifice of the energy absorbing tube is consistent with the diameter at the orifice of the energy absorbing tube, and the first pad and the second pad are connected by an energy absorbing spring. When there is no external force, the impact head is located just above the opening of the energy absorbing tube; when there is an external force, the impact head extends into the energy absorbing tube and causes the energy absorbing tube to deform.

2. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of energy absorbing springs are arranged between the first pad and the second pad.

3. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact head is a conical structure, and the diameter of the impact head at one end close to the energy absorbing tube is smaller.

4. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy absorbing tube is a cylindrical structure, and its wall thickness is consistent from top to bottom, and the diameter of the energy absorbing tube opening is consistent with the diameter of the thinnest position of the impact head.

5. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy absorbing tube is a cylindrical structure, and its wall thickness gradually increases as it moves away from the connection position with the impact head. The width of the inner cavity of the energy absorbing tube is larger at one end close to the impact head.

6. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The length of the impact head is consistent with the length of the energy absorbing tube.

7. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the impact head close to one end of the energy absorbing tube is a plum blossom structure.

8. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross section of the inner wall of the energy absorbing tube is a plum blossom-shaped structure.

9. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Seven groups of impact heads and energy absorbing tubes that cooperate with each other are arranged between the first pad and the second pad, and the impact heads and energy absorbing tubes are arranged in a circular array.

10. The array-type expandable energy-absorbing tube anti-collision buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Six energy absorbing springs are arranged between the first pad and the second pad, and the energy absorbing springs are arranged in a circular shape around the impact head and the energy absorbing tube.

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