Multi-stage crash energy management device and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a multi-stage collision energy-absorbing device and a vehicle, the multi-stage collision energy-absorbing device comprising front extension beams, two front extension beams being oppositely spaced apart, and one end of each of the two front extension beams being connected with a vehicle frame; two groups of collision energy-absorbing assemblies being correspondingly arranged with the two front extension beams, each collision energy-absorbing assembly comprising a first buffer, a second buffer and a first elastic member, the first buffer being inserted with the first end of the second buffer, and the first buffer being capable of sliding relative to the second buffer, the first elastic member being arranged between the first buffer and the second buffer, one end of the first elastic member being abutted with the first buffer, the other end of the first elastic member being abutted with the second buffer, and the second buffer being connected with the end of the front extension beam away from the vehicle frame; and a front lower protection member, both ends of the front lower protection member being connected with the first ends of the two first buffers. The present application can play a role of buffering and energy absorption, thereby improving safety.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a multi-stage collision energy absorption device and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of vehicle driving, collision accidents are prone to occur. At present, the front lower protection member of a commercial vehicle is a mechanical structure type part formed by sheet metal, and the front lower protection member is connected to the vehicle frame by bolts. The main function of the front lower protection member is to prevent the vehicle from penetrating into the bottom of the commercial vehicle when colliding with the opposite vehicle, and the buffering and energy absorption effects are very small, so the safety is not high.

[0003] Therefore, a multi-stage collision energy absorption device and a vehicle are needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-stage collision energy absorption device and a vehicle that can play a buffering and energy absorption role, thereby improving safety.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The multi-stage collision energy absorption device comprises:

[0007] The front extension beams are arranged in opposite intervals, and one end of each of the front extension beams is connected to the vehicle frame.

[0008] The two groups of collision energy absorption assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two front extension beams. The collision energy absorption assembly comprises a first buffer, a second buffer, and a first elastic member. The first buffer is inserted into the first end of the second buffer, and the first buffer can slide relative to the second buffer. The first elastic member is arranged between the first buffer and the second buffer. One end of the first elastic member abuts against the first buffer, and the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the second buffer. The second buffer is connected to the end of the front extension beam away from the vehicle frame.

[0009] The front lower protection member is connected to the first end of the two first buffers.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first buffer is provided with a mounting slot, the second buffer is slidingly inserted into the mounting slot, and the first elastic member is located in the mounting slot.

[0011] In some embodiments, the slot wall surface of the mounting slot has a first friction surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the second buffer has a second friction surface, and the first friction surface is in contact with the second friction surface.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of first abutting portions are arranged on the wall of the mounting slot along the extension direction of the mounting slot, a plurality of second abutting portions are arranged on the second buffer along the extension direction of the second buffer, the first abutting portions and the second abutting portions are arranged alternately, and the first abutting portions can abut against the second abutting portions when the first elastic member is compressed to a set distance.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first end of the first buffer is fixedly provided with a first honeycomb buffer portion, the first honeycomb buffer portion is fixedly provided with a first energy absorbing portion away from one end of the first buffer, the honeycomb hole diameter of the first honeycomb buffer portion gradually decreases in the direction away from the first buffer, and the first energy absorbing portion is connected with the front lower protection member.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first buffer is provided with a first protruding ring portion and a second protruding ring portion arranged at intervals at one end of the mounting slot, the first protruding ring portion, the second protruding ring portion and the first buffer form a mounting ring groove, the mounting ring groove is provided with a second honeycomb buffer portion, and the honeycomb hole diameter of the second honeycomb buffer portion gradually decreases in the direction from the second protruding ring portion to the first protruding ring portion.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first end of the second buffer is fixedly provided with a third honeycomb buffer portion, the third honeycomb buffer portion is fixedly provided with a second energy absorbing portion away from one end of the second buffer, the honeycomb hole diameter of the third honeycomb buffer portion gradually decreases in the direction away from the second buffer, and the second energy absorbing portion abuts against the first elastic member.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second end of the second buffer is fixedly provided with a fourth honeycomb buffer portion, the fourth honeycomb buffer portion is fixedly provided with a third energy absorbing portion away from one end of the second buffer, the honeycomb hole diameter of the fourth honeycomb buffer portion gradually decreases in the direction toward the first buffer, and the third energy absorbing portion is connected with the front lengthening beam.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second elastic member is arranged between the first buffer and the second end of the second buffer, one end of the second elastic member abuts against the second end of the second buffer, and the other end of the second elastic member abuts against the first buffer.

[0018] A vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and a multi-stage collision energy absorbing device as described above, wherein the multi-stage collision energy absorbing device is arranged on the vehicle body.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0020] The multistage collision energy-absorbing device provided by the application has the front extension beam connected with the vehicle frame at one end, and the front extension beam is connected with the front lower protection member through the collision energy-absorbing assembly. The collision energy-absorbing assembly comprises a first buffer member, a second buffer member and a first elastic member, and the first elastic member is located between the first buffer member and the second buffer member. When the front lower protection member is subjected to a collision, the first buffer member moves towards the second buffer member, thereby extruding the first elastic member. The first elastic member is compressed under force, thereby absorbing the collision impact and playing a buffering role, reducing the impact and damage caused by the collision, and thereby improving the safety.

[0021] The vehicle provided by the application comprises a vehicle body and the multistage collision energy-absorbing device as described above, and can play a buffering and energy-absorbing role, thereby improving the safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of the contents of the embodiments of the application and the drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a multistage collision energy-absorbing device of the application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a sectional view of a multistage collision energy-absorbing device of the application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a collision energy-absorbing assembly in a multistage collision energy-absorbing device of the application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a sectional view of a collision energy-absorbing assembly in a multistage collision energy-absorbing device of the application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a multistage collision energy-absorbing device in a collision state;

[0028] Figure 6 is a sectional view of a multistage collision energy-absorbing device in a collision state;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic view of a collision energy-absorbing assembly in a multistage collision energy-absorbing device in a collision state;

[0030] Figure 8 is a sectional view of a collision energy-absorbing assembly in a multistage collision energy-absorbing device in a collision state;

[0031] Figure 9This is a cross-sectional view of the first buffer member in a multi-stage collision energy absorption device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second buffer element in a multi-stage collision energy absorption device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the second buffer member in a multi-stage collision energy absorption device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a honeycomb buffer component in a multi-stage collision energy absorption device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is another cross-sectional view of the honeycomb buffer in a multi-stage collision energy absorption device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a honeycomb unit of a honeycomb buffer in a multi-stage collision energy absorption device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of a honeycomb unit in a multi-stage collision energy absorption device of the present invention.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 1. Frame; 2. Front extension beam; 3. Front lower guard; 4. Collision energy absorption assembly; 41. First buffer; 411. First abutment part; 412. First honeycomb buffer part; 413. First energy absorption part; 414. First convex ring part; 415. Second convex ring part; 416. Second honeycomb buffer part; 42. Second buffer; 421. Second abutment part; 422. Third honeycomb buffer part; 423. Second energy absorption part; 424. Fourth honeycomb buffer part; 425. Third energy absorption part; 5. First elastic element; 6. Second elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Before explaining any implementation of this application in detail, it should be understood that this application is not limited to its application to the structural details and component arrangements set forth in the following description or shown in the above drawings.

[0041] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0042] In the present application, the terms "connected", "combined", "coupled", "mounted" can be direct connection, combination, coupling or mounting, or indirect connection, combination, coupling or mounting. Among them, for example, direct connection refers to the connection of two parts or components without the need for an intermediate part, and indirect connection refers to the connection of two parts or components with at least one intermediate part. In addition, "connection" and "coupling" are not limited to physical or mechanical connection or coupling, and can include electrical connection or coupling.

[0043] In the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the functions performed by the components can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the functions performed by the parts can also be performed by one part, one component, or multiple parts in combination.

[0044] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like are described in the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, it should also be understood in the context that when referring to one element connected to another element "on" or "under", it can be directly connected to another element "on" or "under", or indirectly connected to another element "on" or "under" through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like not only represent the positive direction, but also can be understood as the side direction. For example, the lower side can include the lower side, the lower left side, the lower right side, the front lower side, and the back lower side, etc.

[0045] In the process of vehicle driving, in order to enable the front lower protection member to play a buffering and energy-absorbing role after the vehicle is subjected to a collision, thereby improving safety, as shown in Figures 1-15 The present application provides a multi-stage collision energy-absorbing device. The multi-stage collision energy-absorbing device comprises front extension beams 2, collision energy-absorbing assemblies 4 and a front lower protection member 3.

[0046] Among them, two front extension beams 2 are arranged in relative spacing, and one end of each of the two front extension beams 2 is connected with a vehicle frame 1. Two groups of collision energy-absorbing assemblies 4 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two front extension beams 2. The collision energy-absorbing assembly 4 comprises a first buffer 41, a second buffer 42 and a first elastic member 5. The first buffer 41 is inserted with the first end of the second buffer 42, and the first buffer 41 can slide relative to the second buffer 42. The first elastic member 5 is arranged between the first buffer 41 and the second buffer 42. One end of the first elastic member 5 abuts against the first buffer 41, and the other end of the first elastic member 5 abuts against the second buffer 42. The second buffer 42 is connected with the end of the front extension beam 2 away from the vehicle frame 1. The two ends of the front lower protection member 3 are connected with the first ends of the two first buffers 41.

[0047] When the front lower protection member 3 is impacted, the first buffer member 41 moves towards the second buffer member 42, thereby extruding the first elastic member 5. The first elastic member 5 is compressed under force, thereby absorbing the impact of the impact and playing a buffering role, reducing the impact and damage caused by the impact, thereby improving safety.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first buffer member 41 is provided with a mounting slot, the second buffer member 42 is slidingly arranged in the mounting slot, and the first elastic member 5 is located in the mounting slot. Specifically, in the embodiment, the first elastic member 5 is a compression spring. By arranging the elastic member, the energy absorption and buffering effect can be achieved. After the front lower protection member 3 is impacted, the mounting slot is arranged on the first buffer member 41, thereby guiding the movement of the first buffer member 41 relative to the second buffer member 42. And through the above arrangement, the installation of the first elastic member 5 is facilitated.

[0049] In some embodiments, a second elastic member 6 is arranged between the first buffer member 41 and the second end of the second buffer member 42, one end of the second elastic member 6 abuts against the second end of the second buffer member 42, and the other end of the second elastic member 6 abuts against the first buffer member 41. Specifically, the second elastic member 6 is also a compression spring. After the front lower protection member 3 is impacted, the first buffer member 41 moves relative to the second buffer member 42, thereby extruding the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 synchronously, and the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 are extruded and deformed, thereby playing a buffering and energy absorption role. By arranging the second elastic member 6, the buffering and energy absorption effect can be further improved.

[0050] In some embodiments, the slot wall surface of the mounting slot has a first friction surface, the outer circumferential surface of the second buffer member 42 has a second friction surface, and the first friction surface and the second friction surface are in contact. By arranging the first friction surface and the second friction surface in contact with each other. After the front lower protection member 3 is impacted, in the process of the movement of the first buffer member 41 relative to the second buffer member 42, the first friction surface moves relative to the second friction surface to generate frictional resistance, thereby further playing a buffering and energy absorption role.

[0051] In some embodiments, a plurality of first abutting portions 411 are arranged on the wall of the mounting slot in the extension direction of the mounting slot, a plurality of second abutting portions 421 are arranged on the second buffer 42 in the extension direction of the second buffer 42, the plurality of first abutting portions 411 and the plurality of second abutting portions 421 are arranged alternately, and the first abutting portions 411 can abut against the second abutting portions 421 when the first elastic member 5 is compressed to a set distance. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first abutting portions 411 and the second abutting portions 421 are both barbed. The first abutting portions 411 and the second abutting portions 421 can be in close contact with each other. After the front lower protective member 3 is impacted, first, the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 are compressed to a set distance, then the first abutting portions 411 and the second abutting portions 421 abut to block the first buffer 41 from continuing to move, until the first abutting portions 411 and the second abutting portions 421 are extruded and deformed or even broken. In the above manner, the buffering and energy absorption effects can be further achieved.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first end of the first buffer 41 is fixedly provided with a first honeycomb buffer portion 412, the first honeycomb buffer portion 412 is fixedly provided with a first energy absorption portion 413 at an end away from the first buffer 41, the cell hole diameter of the first honeycomb buffer portion 412 gradually decreases in the direction away from the first buffer 41, and the first energy absorption portion 413 is connected with the front lower protective member 3. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first energy absorption portion 413 is made of a material with a relatively small elastic modulus E, which can be magnesium-aluminum alloy, etc. The first energy absorption portion 413 has a strong plastic deformation energy absorption capacity, and further has the effect of energy absorption and buffering. When the first honeycomb buffer portion 412 is deformed under force, the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 have been completely compressed to the limit, the first honeycomb buffer portion 412 gradually deforms, and the energy is absorbed by the deformation of the first honeycomb buffer portion 412. The larger the cell volume of the first honeycomb buffer portion 412 is, the smaller the rigidity is, and thus the first honeycomb buffer portion 412 is easier to deform at the time of impact, and the energy is absorbed at first. With the decrease of the cell of the first honeycomb buffer portion 412, the cell density increases, and thus the rigidity increases, and the first honeycomb buffer portion 412 is not easy to deform at the time of impact, and the buffering and energy absorption capacity can be continuously improved.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first buffer 41 is provided with a mounting slot, and one end of the mounting slot is provided with a first convex ring part 414 and a second convex ring part 415 arranged at intervals, the first convex ring part 414 and the second convex ring part 415 and the first buffer 41 form a mounting ring groove, and the mounting ring groove is provided with a second honeycomb buffer part 416, and the cell hole diameter of the second honeycomb buffer part 416 gradually decreases in the direction from the second convex ring part 415 to the first convex ring part 414. When the second convex ring part 415 abuts against the second end of the second buffer 42, the second convex ring part 415 deforms, so that the second honeycomb buffer part 416 deforms under stress. At this time, the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 have been completely compressed to the limit, the second honeycomb buffer part 416 gradually deforms, and the energy is absorbed through the deformation of the second honeycomb buffer part 416 and the second convex ring part 415. As the cell of the second honeycomb buffer part 416 is smaller, the cell density is larger, and the stiffness is larger, it is less likely to deform in a collision, and the ability to buffer and absorb energy can be continuously improved.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first end of the second buffer 42 is fixedly provided with a third honeycomb buffer part 422, the second end of the second buffer 42 is fixedly provided with a second energy absorption part 423, the cell hole diameter of the third honeycomb buffer part 422 gradually decreases in the direction away from the second buffer 42, and the second energy absorption part 423 abuts against the first elastic member 5. When the first elastic member 5 is completely compressed, the second energy absorption part 423 abuts against the bottom of the mounting slot, the third honeycomb buffer part 422 starts to deform under stress, and the energy is absorbed through the deformation of the third honeycomb buffer part 422. As the cell of the third honeycomb buffer part 422 is smaller, the cell density is larger, and the stiffness is larger, it is less likely to deform in a collision, and the ability to buffer and absorb energy can be continuously improved.

[0055] In some embodiments, the second end of the second buffer 42 is fixedly provided with a fourth honeycomb buffer part 424, the second end of the second buffer 42 is fixedly provided with a third energy absorption part 425, the cell hole diameter of the fourth honeycomb buffer part 424 gradually decreases in the direction toward the first buffer 41, and the third energy absorption part 425 is connected with the front elongated beam 2. When the second convex ring part 415 of the first buffer 41 abuts against the second end of the second buffer 42, at this time, the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 have been completely compressed to the limit, the fourth honeycomb buffer part 424 gradually deforms, and the energy is absorbed through the deformation of the fourth honeycomb buffer part 424. As the cell of the fourth honeycomb buffer part 424 is smaller, the cell density is larger, and the stiffness is larger, it is less likely to deform in a collision, and the ability to buffer and absorb energy can be continuously improved.

[0056] The honeycomb structure inside each position can be a polygonal honeycomb structure or a circular honeycomb structure, and the specific shape inside is not specifically required, only the size of the layers is different to realize gradual layered stiffness, the smaller the volume of the honeycomb, the greater the stiffness, the larger the volume of the honeycomb, the smaller the stiffness, the gradually changing honeycomb buffer is composed of multiple layers of honeycomb monomers, the density and volume of each layer of honeycomb monomer are different, the smaller the volume of the honeycomb monomer, the greater the stiffness of the honeycomb monomer, the larger the volume of the honeycomb monomer, the smaller the stiffness of the honeycomb monomer, so that the multiple layers of honeycomb with different densities and different volumes of honeycomb monomers are combined to form a gradually changing stiffness honeycomb energy absorption part.

[0057] In some embodiments, the gradually changing honeycomb buffer can be provided with reinforcing ribs inside the honeycomb monomer, which mainly plays the role of appropriately enhancing the stiffness of the monomer; the honeycomb structure has smaller stiffness than the solid structure, and the instantaneous impact force is small during the collision, and the damage to the occupant and the vehicle is small. The arrangement form and number of the reinforcing ribs inside the honeycomb monomer are not specifically limited and can be set according to the collision stress analysis and topology results.

[0058] The working principle of the multi-stage collision energy absorption device is as follows:

[0059] When the collision initially starts, the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 will be compressed due to the displacement generated by the collision, and the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 will be deformed due to the compression, thereby resisting the primary collision and performing primary buffering on the primary collision. The primary buffering is a reversible process, and if the primary collision is not serious, the multi-stage collision energy absorption device does not need to be repaired after the collision.

[0060] During the primary collision, in addition to the elastic deformation of the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 for energy absorption and buffering, the first friction surface and the second friction surface are in contact with each other, and due to the large friction coefficient of the first friction surface and the second friction surface, the first friction surface and the second friction surface are in friction with each other to absorb energy and play a buffering role.

[0061] The second energy absorption and buffering stage: the main elements are the first abutting portion 411 and the second abutting portion 421. When the collision occurs a certain relative displacement, the first abutting portion 411 and the second abutting portion 421 are in contact, and with the gradual increase of the collision displacement, the first abutting portion 411 and the second abutting portion 421 are broken, and the second buffering is performed through the energy absorption of the metal fracture,

[0062] The third energy absorption and buffering stage: the main elements are the first honeycomb buffer 412, the second honeycomb buffer 416, the third honeycomb buffer 422, and the fourth honeycomb buffer 424.

[0063] When the collision further occurs relative displacement, at this time the first abutment 411 and the second abutment 421 collide to produce metal fracture, at this time the first elastic member 5 and the second elastic member 6 have been completely compressed to the limit, the first honeycomb buffer 412, the second honeycomb buffer 416, the third honeycomb buffer 422 and the fourth honeycomb buffer 424 gradually deform, and energy is absorbed through the deformation of the honeycomb structure, thereby producing a third-stage energy-absorbing buffering effect.

[0064] The fourth-stage energy-absorbing buffering stage: the main components are the first energy-absorbing part 413, the second energy-absorbing part 423, the third energy-absorbing part 425 and the second convex ring part 415.

[0065] When the collision further occurs relative displacement, at this time the first honeycomb buffer 412, the second honeycomb buffer 416, the third honeycomb buffer 422 and the fourth honeycomb buffer 424 complete extrusion deformation, at this time further collision displacement occurs, the first energy-absorbing part 413, the second energy-absorbing part 423, the third energy-absorbing part 425 and the second convex ring part 415 collide and deform, the four components are made of a material with a relatively small elastic modulus E, such as magnesium-aluminum alloy, and have a strong plastic deformation energy-absorbing capacity, thereby playing a fourth-stage energy-absorbing buffering role. The elongation of aluminum is also much greater than that of steel, thereby reducing the serious damage caused by instantaneous fracture in the collision process.

[0066] The application also provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and the above multi-stage collision energy-absorbing device, wherein the multi-stage collision energy-absorbing device is arranged on the vehicle body and can play a buffering and energy-absorbing role, thereby improving safety.

[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments of the application are merely examples for clarity, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the application. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made by those of ordinary skill in the art. Here, all the embodiments need not and cannot be exhausted. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage impact energy-absorbing device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of vehicle frame, including: Front extension beam (2), two the front extension beam (2) are oppositely spaced, and one end of two the front extension beam (2) is connected with frame (1); Two groups of crash energy-absorbing components (4) are set up one by one with two the front extension beam (2), the crash energy-absorbing component (4) includes first buffer (41), second buffer (42) and first elastic member (5), the first buffer (41) is inserted with the first end of the second buffer (42), and the first buffer (41) can slide relative to the second buffer (42), the first elastic member (5) is arranged between the first buffer (41) and the second buffer (42), one end of the first elastic member (5) is in abutment with the first buffer (41), the other end of the first elastic member (5) is in abutment with the second buffer (42), the second buffer (42) is connected with the end of the front extension beam (2) away from frame (1); Front lower guard (3), two ends of the front lower guard (3) are connected with the first end of two the first buffer (41); The first buffer (41) is provided with mounting slot, the second buffer (42) is slidably inserted in the mounting slot, and the first elastic member (5) is located in the mounting slot; A plurality of first abutment portions (411) are spaced apart on the wall surface of the mounting slot in the extension direction of the mounting slot, a plurality of second abutment portions (421) are spaced apart on the second buffer (42) in the extension direction of the second buffer (42), the plurality of first abutment portions (411) and the plurality of second abutment portions (421) are alternately arranged, and when the first elastic member (5) is compressed to a set distance, the first abutment portion (411) can be in abutment with the second abutment portion (421).

2. The multi-stage crash energy management device of claim 1, wherein, The slot wall surface of the mounting slot has a first friction surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the second buffer (42) has a second friction surface, and the first friction surface is in contact with the second friction surface.

3. The multi-stage crash energy management device of claim 1, wherein, The first end of the first buffer (41) is fixedly provided with a first honeycomb buffer portion (412), the first end of the first honeycomb buffer portion (412) is fixedly provided with a first energy-absorbing portion (413), and the cell hole diameter of the first honeycomb buffer portion (412) gradually decreases in the direction away from the first buffer (41), and the first energy-absorbing portion (413) is connected with the front lower guard (3).

4. The multi-stage crash energy management device of claim 1, wherein, One end of the first buffer (41) provided with the mounting slot has a first protruding ring portion (414) and a second protruding ring portion (415) spaced apart, the first protruding ring portion (414), the second protruding ring portion (415) and the first buffer (41) form an installation ring groove, the installation ring groove is provided with a second honeycomb buffer portion (416), and the cell hole diameter of the second honeycomb buffer portion (416) gradually decreases in the direction of the second protruding ring portion (415) towards the first protruding ring portion (414).

5. The multi-stage crash energy management device of claim 1, wherein, The first end of the second buffer piece (42) is fixedly provided with a third honeycomb buffer part (422), one end of the third honeycomb buffer part (422) away from the second buffer piece (42) is fixedly provided with a second energy absorbing part (423), the honeycomb hole diameter of the third honeycomb buffer part (422) gradually decreases in the direction away from the second buffer piece (42), and the second energy absorbing part (423) is in abutment with the first elastic piece (5).

6. The multi-stage crash energy management device of claim 1, wherein, The second end of the second buffer piece (42) is fixedly provided with a fourth honeycomb buffer part (424), one end of the fourth honeycomb buffer part (424) away from the second buffer piece (42) is fixedly provided with a third energy absorbing part (425), the honeycomb hole diameter of the fourth honeycomb buffer part (424) gradually decreases in the direction towards the first buffer piece (41), and the third energy absorbing part (425) is connected with the front lengthened beam (2).

7. The multi-stage crash energy management device of claim 1, wherein, The first buffer piece (41) and the second end of the second buffer piece (42) are provided with a second elastic piece (6), one end of the second elastic piece (6) is in abutment with the second end of the second buffer piece (42), and the other end of the second elastic piece (6) is in abutment with the first buffer piece (41).

8. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The multi-stage collision energy absorbing device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 is arranged on the vehicle body.

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