Deep sea self-expanding horizontal array acoustic subsurface buoy

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-sea self-expanding horizontal array acoustic subsurface buoy, which relates to the field of deep-sea underwater acoustic detection and comprises an expanding platform arranged at the top of the acoustic subsurface buoy, a subsurface buoy main body positioned below the expanding platform and an anchoring structure connected below the subsurface buoy main body, the subsurface buoy body comprises a buoyancy platform arranged below the unfolding platform and an equipment platform arranged below the buoyancy platform. The problem that a hydrophone linear array composed of a plurality of large-scale acoustic linear arrays is folded and automatically unfolded into a cross horizontal array is solved, and integration of a deep-sea acoustic emission system, an acoustic receiving system, an underwater acoustic communication system and an equipment supply system is achieved. The whole subsurface buoy can be quickly and conveniently released and recycled, and high-reliability anchor mooring is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of deep sea water acoustic detection, and in particular to a deep sea self-deployed horizontal array acoustic buoy. Background Art

[0002] A linear array with multiple hydrophones is a common hydroacoustic detection array. A vertical array buoy is a buoy that places the linear array and its receiving system in the water at a predetermined depth through floats, cables, anchor blocks, releasers, shackles and other components. The linear array is in a nearly vertical posture under the action of the bottom anchor system and the top buoyancy. During the deployment process, the linear array is gradually unfolded from the cable drum of the deployment ship like a cable and released into the sea water. During recovery, the releaser abandons the anchor block, and the linear array floats to the sea surface with the float and is recovered by the winch of the deployment ship. The linear array can also be directly towed by the winch towing system on the test ship, or it can be connected to the tail of a special towing body for fixed depth towing; it can also be connected to a submarine / unmanned underwater vehicle for towing. These towing methods can make the linear array appear as a single horizontal linear array or an inclined array in the water.

[0003] Suspended sonar is usually launched by a mother ship or helicopter hovering above the sea surface, and is lowered into the sea water at a certain depth through a load-bearing cable. It autonomously unfolds an "umbrella"-shaped sonar array, in which the unfolded "umbrella rib" extension arms can horizontally unfold or collapse one or more layers of hydrophone arrays, and the "umbrella rod" has several transmitting transducer arrays distributed vertically, which transmit and receive sound waves downward facing the seabed to carry out active detection. Its effective depth and detection range are limited by its own size and working frequency band.

[0004] The prior art lacks an acoustic buoy that can safely and reliably deploy multiple large-scale acoustic receiving linear arrays near the bottom of the deep sea to form a horizontal detection array on the same plane, and can detect underwater targets while facing the sea surface and looking up. In order to achieve a wider range of target detection and tracking near the bottom of the deep sea, facing the sea surface and looking up, the size of the acoustic array is required to be as large as possible. Large-scale horizontal arrays have the following difficulties in practical applications: on the one hand, it is not convenient to deploy on the deck; on the other hand, even if there is enough space on the deck to allow deployment, it is easy to be damaged by the impact of water flow during the process of falling to the bottom. In specific sea areas, in order to achieve relatively fast deployment through the deck hanger, the main body of the buoy is required to be designed as an integrated whole. The prior art lacks an acoustic detection buoy similar to an "inverted umbrella" that can be deployed in a deep-sea environment and can autonomously deploy multiple large-scale horizontal acoustic linear arrays. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a deep-sea self-expanding horizontal array acoustic buoy, which solves the problem of folding and autonomously unfolding a hydrophone linear array composed of multiple large-scale acoustic linear arrays into a cross horizontal array, realizes the integrated integration of a deep-sea acoustic transmitting system, an acoustic receiving system, an underwater acoustic communication system, and an equipment supply system, and completes the rapid release and recovery of the entire buoy and its high-reliability anchoring.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the deep-sea self-deployed horizontal array acoustic buoy comprises a deployment platform arranged on the top of the acoustic buoy, a buoy body located below the deployment platform and an anchoring structure connected below the buoy body, wherein the buoy body comprises a buoyancy platform arranged below the deployment platform and an equipment platform arranged below the buoyancy platform;

[0007] The buoyancy platform is used to provide buoyancy for the acoustic buoy, a distance adjustment mechanism is arranged above the buoyancy platform, and a horizontal deployment mechanism is arranged around the buoyancy platform, one end of the horizontal deployment mechanism is rotatably connected to the buoyancy platform, and the other end is connected to the deployment platform by a latch, and a horizontal receiving array is fixed on the horizontal deployment mechanism;

[0008] A first-level parallel releaser is provided on the deployment platform, a release chain is suspended below the first-level parallel releaser, one end of the distance adjustment mechanism is fixed to the buoyancy platform, and the other end is used to be sleeved on the release chain. The release chain is tightened by adjusting the spacing of the distance adjustment mechanism, so that the deployment platform and the buoyancy platform are pressed together in the vertical direction. At this time, the horizontal receiving array is retracted, and the acoustic buoy is in a deployed state; when the first-level parallel releaser is released, the release chain is disengaged from the deployment platform, so that the deployment platform is separated from the buoyancy platform, and at the same time, the horizontal deployment mechanism is disengaged from the deployment platform, and the horizontal receiving array is deployed relative to the surroundings of the buoyancy platform in a cross horizontal posture, and the acoustic buoy is in a working state;

[0009] The anchoring structure includes a mooring rope connected to the bottom of the equipment platform, a secondary parallel releaser connected to the lower end of the mooring rope, and a gravity anchor whose release is controlled by the secondary parallel releaser. When the secondary parallel releaser is released, it is detached from the gravity anchor, the gravity anchor is abandoned, and the acoustic buoy is in a recovery state.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the horizontal deployment mechanism includes a horizontal deployment track arranged around the buoyancy platform and a horizontal deployment rod rotatably connected to the horizontal deployment track through a deployment rod pin. The horizontal receiving array is installed on the horizontal deployment rod through a horizontal array clamp. Deployment rod tilting columns and deployment rod positioning columns are arranged at intervals on the horizontal deployment rod. The deployment rod positioning column is used to vertically fit into the deployment rod clamp inserted on the deployment platform. A pull rope is connected to the horizontal deployment rod near the deployment rod tilting column, and the pull rope is connected to the pull rope rod fixed on the buoyancy platform. The deployment rod tilting column adjusts its length through a screw and supports the bottom of the pull rope rod, so that when the horizontal receiving array is folded, the horizontal deployment rod always maintains an outward tilted posture.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the deployment platform includes a deployment buoy frame, a deployment buoy is installed on the top of the deployment buoy frame, a cavity is opened on the deployment buoy for installing a first-level parallel releaser and a beacon, and the beacon is used to send the position information of the buoy when the buoy body floats out of the sea; the deployment buoy frame provides support for the deployment buoy, four deployment platform pillars are arranged at the lower part of the deployment buoy frame, and a deployment platform limit tube is arranged at the bottom of each deployment platform pillar; a deployment arm extends outward from each side of the deployment buoy frame, and a deployment rod clamp is arranged at the end of each deployment arm for radially and horizontally locking the deployment rod positioning column.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the buoyancy platform includes a buoyancy platform frame, four vertical pipes are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the buoyancy platform frame, a number of floats are installed in the buoyancy platform frame, a float pressure plate is covered on top of the float, four deployment platform limit pins are installed on the float pressure plate, which are used to correspond one-to-one with the deployment platform limit pipes on the deployment float frame to limit the horizontal displacement of the deployment platform; a float cavity is opened on the float for equipment installation and cable threading, and an equipment electronic cabin is installed in the float cavity through the equipment pressure plate.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the equipment platform includes an equipment platform frame, and four vertical pipes are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the equipment platform frame. The buoyancy platform and the equipment platform are connected in series as one through support rods passing through the four vertical pipes on the buoyancy platform frame and the equipment platform frame, and are fixed by lifting blocks arranged at the top of the buoyancy platform frame and the bottom of the equipment platform frame 3-1. An equipment base and an equipment clamp are arranged in the equipment platform frame for installing test equipment.

[0014] As a further technical solution, a cage-shaped connecting frame is provided directly above the buoyancy platform, the lower end of the connecting frame is fixed to the buoyancy platform frame, the upper end of the connecting frame is used to connect the distance adjustment mechanism, and a transducer transmitting array composed of a number of transducers arranged vertically and closely is installed inside the connecting frame; a recovery rope convergence ring is also installed above the connecting frame, and the four-claw ropes connected to the four lifting blocks of the buoyancy platform converge at the recovery rope convergence ring for lifting and recovery of the submerged buoy body.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the pitch adjustment mechanism includes a pitch adjustment screw and a pitch adjustment release ring whose distance relative to the pitch adjustment screw is adjustable. The pitch adjustment is achieved by threaded connection between the pitch adjustment screw and the pitch adjustment release ring. The release chain passes through the pitch adjustment release ring, and the release hooks connected to both ends of the release chain are respectively hung under the first-level parallel releaser. The release chain is tightened by lowering the height of the pitch adjustment release ring, so that the deployment platform and the buoyancy platform are connected into a whole in the vertical direction.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the horizontal receiving array adopts a hydrophone linear array with an outer sheath and an inner filling of oil or glue, and has a density close to that of water and a built-in acoustic sensor. In addition, each horizontal receiving array is integrated with a posture sensor and a depth sensor.

[0017] A method for deploying a deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy is used to deploy the deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, the mother ship sails at a low speed against the current, and the stern hanger of the mother ship uses a decoupling device to place the submerged buoy body and the deployment platform pressed on the submerged buoy body into the water, and the submerged buoy body floats on the sea surface after being decoupled;

[0019] S2. The mooring rope is deployed into the water. The mother ship hanger uses a dehooking device to deploy the pressure-resistant buoy and the secondary parallel releaser into the water and dehooke them. The mooring rope connects the equipment platform and the pressure-resistant buoy;

[0020] S3, the mother ship hanger uses a dehooking device to put the gravity anchor cloth into the water to dehook, and the gravity anchor is connected to the secondary parallel releaser, so that the submerged buoy body sinks downward under the traction of the gravity anchor;

[0021] S4, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor transmit the depth and attitude data of the buoy to the deck. When the transmitted depth and attitude data remain basically unchanged, it indicates that the gravity anchor is seated on the bottom and the buoy body remains suspended and stable;

[0022] S5. The ship-based deck unit issues a command, the first-level parallel releaser is released, the release chain is disconnected from the deployment platform, the deployment platform floats up and separates from the buoyancy platform, and at the same time, the horizontal receiving array is deployed relative to the surroundings of the buoyancy platform;

[0023] S6. The attitude sensor transmits the attitude data of the buoy to the deck, and uses the attitude data to determine the deployment attitude of the buoy. When the buoy is deployed, it enters the working state;

[0024] S7. After the buoy work is completed, the ship-based deck unit issues a command to release the secondary parallel releaser, which is detached from the gravity anchor. The gravity anchor is discarded and enters the recovery state. The various parts of the buoy float to the sea surface, and the beacon sends the position information to the mother ship. The mother ship approaches and salvages the sections.

[0025] As a further technical solution, in S6, when the pitch angles of the four attitude sensors of the horizontal receiving array are close to 0°, it indicates that the horizontal receiving array is fully deployed and presents a cross horizontal attitude.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The buoy has three states: in the deployment state, it is an integrated structure, which realizes rapid deployment on the deck and a cushioned landing with a gravity anchor; after landing on the bottom, the first-level parallel releaser is released, the platform floats up, and the horizontal receiving array is horizontally deployed in a cross shape, and it is converted to a working state, which is fast and efficient; in the recovery state, the second-level parallel releaser releases and discards the gravity anchor, and the various parts of the buoy float to the sea surface and are recovered in sections by the mother ship, which has the characteristics of safe cushioned deployment on the bottom and high reliability recovery;

[0028] 2. The system integrates the acoustic receiving system, transmitting system, signal processing system, underwater acoustic communication system, energy supply system, deployment mechanism, etc., and can be deployed relatively quickly through the stern hanger. It also uses a cross-horizontal array acoustic detection array to conduct active and passive acoustic detection.

[0029] 3. The horizontal receiving array is deployed autonomously after the release of the first-level parallel releaser, without the help of external force. The cross-shaped horizontal receiving array formed after deployment can autonomously deploy an upward-looking acoustic buoy facing the sea surface. The system has multiple sound sources transmitting synchronously, and multiple space nodes receiving synchronously in coordination. It is deployed near the bottom of the deep sea, and can achieve active detection and tracking of targets in a wider range in an upward-looking state facing the sea surface.

[0030] 4. The equipment platform is located below the buoyancy platform. Combined with the equipment base and equipment clamp, multiple large-capacity battery compartments and other detection equipment can be installed. At the same time, it plays a role in lowering the center of gravity of the buoy and ballast, which helps the buoy maintain a vertical posture;

[0031] 5. The layered floating blocks are made of deep-sea pressure-resistant buoyancy materials, such as glass beads, so that the buoy has positive buoyancy as a whole and the center of buoyancy is above the center of gravity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the latent buoy in the present invention in the deployed (folded) state.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the latent buoy in the present invention in a working (expanded) state.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the unfolding platform in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buoyancy platform and the equipment platform in the present invention.

[0036] Description of the accompanying drawings: deployment platform 1, buoyancy platform 2, equipment platform 3, mooring rope 4, pressure-resistant floating ball 5, secondary parallel releaser 6, gravity anchor 7, pitch-adjusting release ring 8, pitch-adjusting screw sleeve 9, pitch-adjusting screw 10, horizontal receiving array 11, horizontal deployment rod 12, horizontal array clamp 13, horizontal deployment track 14, deployment rod latch 15, deployment rod tilting column 16, pull rope 17, pull rope rod 18, deployment rod positioning column 19, deployment float 1-1, deployment float frame 1-2, deployment arm 1-3, deployment rod clamp 1 -4, deployment platform pillars 1-5, deployment platform limit tubes 1-6, first-level parallel releasers 1-7, beacon machines 1-8, buoyancy platform frame 2-1, floating blocks 2-2, floating block cavity 2-3, equipment pressure plates 2-4, floating block pressure plates 2-5, deployment platform limit pins 2-6, connecting frames 2-7, transducer transmitting arrays 2-8, recovery rope convergence rings 2-9, release chains 2-10, release hooks 2-11, lifting blocks 2-12, equipment platform frame 3-1, equipment bases 3-2, equipment clamps 3-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Example: As attached Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy includes a deployment platform 1, a buoyancy platform 2, an equipment platform 3, a mooring rope 4, a pressure-resistant buoy 5, a secondary parallel releaser 6, a gravity anchor 7, a pitch-adjusting release ring 8, a pitch-adjusting screw sleeve 9, a pitch-adjusting screw 10, a horizontal receiving array 11, a horizontal deployment rod 12, a horizontal array clamp 13, a horizontal deployment track 14, a deployment rod latch 15, a deployment rod tilting column 16, a pull rope 17, a pull rope rod 18, a deployment rod positioning column 19, a deployment float 1-1, a deployment float frame 1-2, and a deployment arm 1-3 , deployment rod clamp 1-4, deployment platform pillar 1-5, deployment platform limit tube 1-6, first-level parallel releaser 1-7, beacon 1-8, buoyancy platform frame 2-1, float 2-2, float cavity 2-3, equipment pressure plate 2-4, float pressure plate 2-5, deployment platform limit pin 2-6, connecting frame 2-7, transducer transmitting array 2-8, recovery rope convergence ring 2-9, release chain 2-10, release hook 2-11, lifting block 2-12, equipment platform frame 3-1, equipment base 3-2 and equipment clamp 3-3.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , 2 The acoustic buoy mainly includes a deployment platform 1, a buoy body consisting of a buoyancy platform 2 and an equipment platform 3, and an anchoring structure consisting of a mooring rope 4, a pressure-resistant buoy 5, a parallel releaser 6, and a gravity anchor 7. The buoy body is equipped with relevant acoustic receiving equipment, acoustic transmitting equipment, underwater acoustic communication equipment, power supply equipment and a deployment mechanism, realizing an integrated design of the buoy, which is convenient for rapid deployment.

[0040] The deployment platform 1 is located on the top of the acoustic buoy, the buoy body is located below the deployment platform 1, the anchoring structure is connected below the buoy body, and the buoy body includes a buoyancy platform 2 arranged below the deployment platform 1 and an equipment platform 3 arranged below the buoyancy platform 2. Among them, the buoyancy platform 2 can provide buoyancy for the acoustic buoy, a distance adjustment mechanism is arranged above the buoyancy platform 2, and a horizontal deployment mechanism is arranged around the buoyancy platform 2 (i.e., in the four directions of front, rear, left and right), one end of the horizontal deployment mechanism is rotatably connected to the buoyancy platform 2, and the other end is connected to the deployment platform 1 by a latch, and the horizontal receiving array 11 is fixed on the horizontal deployment mechanism.

[0041] Furthermore, the horizontal deployment mechanism includes a horizontal deployment track 14 arranged around the buoyancy platform 2 and a horizontal deployment rod 12 rotatably connected to the horizontal deployment track 14 through a deployment rod latch 15. The horizontal deployment track 14 is a groove-shaped structure, which can limit the horizontal displacement of the horizontal deployment rod 12 and provide bottom support for the horizontal deployment rod 12 to lie flat to a horizontal angle. The horizontal receiving array 11 is installed on the horizontal deployment rod 12 through a horizontal array clamp 13. The horizontal deployment rod 12 is provided with deployment rod tilting columns 16 and deployment rod positioning columns 19 at intervals. The deployment rod positioning columns 19 can be vertically inserted into the deployment rod clamp 1-4 (arranged on the deployment platform 1). The horizontal deployment rod 12 is connected to a pull rope 17 near the deployment rod tilting column 16, and the pull rope 17 is connected to a pull rope rod 18 fixed on the buoyancy platform 2. By adjusting the length of the pull rope 17, when the horizontal deployment rod 12 is deployed to a horizontal posture, the pull rope 17 is just tightened to reduce the vertical bending of the long horizontal deployment rod 12. The deployment rod tilting column 16 is adjusted in length by a screw rod and supports the bottom of the pull rope rod 18, so that when the horizontal receiving array 11 is folded, the horizontal deployment rod 12 always maintains an outward tilted posture (i.e., has a tendency to expand outward) and is folded and folded around the buoy body.

[0042] Further, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, a primary parallel releaser 1-7 is provided on the deployment platform 1, a release chain 2-10 is suspended below the primary parallel releaser 1-7, one end of the distance adjustment mechanism is fixed to the buoyancy platform 2, and the other end can be sleeved on the release chain 2-10. The release chain 2-10 is tightened by adjusting the spacing of the distance adjustment mechanism, so that the deployment platform 1 and the buoyancy platform 2 are pressed in the vertical direction. At this time, the horizontal receiving array 11 is retracted, and the acoustic buoy is in the deployment state. When the primary parallel releaser 1-7 is released, the release chain 2-10 is disengaged from the deployment platform 1, so that the deployment platform 1 is separated from the buoyancy platform 2, and at the same time, the horizontal deployment mechanism is disengaged from the deployment platform 1, and the horizontal receiving array 11 is deployed relative to the surroundings of the buoyancy platform 2 in a cross-horizontal posture, and the acoustic buoy is in a working state.

[0043] The deployment platform 1 includes a deployment buoy frame 1-2, and a deployment buoy 1-1 is installed on the top of the deployment buoy frame 1-2. The deployment buoy 1-1 adopts deep-sea pressure-resistant buoyancy materials, such as glass beads, so that the deployment platform 1 has positive buoyancy as a whole. Multiple cavities are opened on the deployment buoy 1-1 to install a first-level parallel releaser 1-7 and a beacon 1-8. The beacon 1-8 can send the location information of the buoy when the buoy body floats out of the sea. The deployment buoy frame 1-2 is made of a metal material resistant to seawater corrosion, such as titanium alloy, etc., and is welded to provide support for the deployment buoy 1-1. Four deployment platform pillars 1-5 are arranged at the bottom of the deployment buoy frame 1-2, and a deployment platform limit pipe 1-6 is arranged at the bottom of each deployment platform pillar 1-5. An expansion arm 1-3 extends outward from each of the four sides of the expansion pontoon frame 1-2, and a deployment rod clamp 1-4 is provided at the end of each deployment arm 1-3, which can radially and horizontally lock the expansion rod positioning column 19. The expansion rod positioning column 19 is vertically inserted into the expansion rod clamp 1-4, and the lower end is installed on the horizontal expansion track 14 through the expansion rod latch 15 and can rotate around the latch.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 , 3 4. The buoyancy platform 2 includes a buoyancy platform frame 2-1. Four vertical pipes are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the buoyancy platform frame 2-1. A number of buoys 2-2 are installed in the buoyancy platform frame 2-1. The buoyancy block pressure plate 2-5 covers the buoys 2-2. Preferably, the buoys 2-2 are made of deep-sea pressure-resistant buoyancy materials, such as glass beads, so that the buoy has positive buoyancy as a whole and the buoyancy center is above the center of gravity. Four deployment platform limit pins 2-6 are installed on the buoy pressure plate 2-5, which can correspond to the deployment platform limit pipes 1-6 on the deployment buoy frame 1-2 to limit the horizontal displacement of the deployment platform 1. A buoy cavity 2-3 is opened on the buoy 2-2 to facilitate equipment installation and cable threading. The equipment electronic cabin, such as the receiving cabin, the transmitting cabin, the signal processing cabin and the underwater acoustic communication cabin, is installed in the buoy cavity 2-3 through the equipment pressure plate 2-4.

[0045] Preferably, a cage-shaped connecting frame 2-7 is provided directly above the buoyancy platform 2, the lower end of the connecting frame 2-7 is fixed to the buoyancy platform frame 2-1, and the upper end of the connecting frame 2-7 is used to install a pitch adjustment mechanism (pitch adjustment screw 10), thereby connecting the primary parallel releaser 1-7, and a transducer transmitting array 2-8 composed of a plurality of transducers arranged vertically and closely is installed inside the connecting frame 2-7. A recovery rope convergence ring 2-9 is also installed above the connecting frame 2-7, and a hoisting block 2-12 is provided on each of the four parts of the buoyancy platform 2, and the four-claw ropes connected to the hoisting block 2-12 converge at the recovery rope convergence ring 2-9, which is convenient for the lifting and recovery of the submerged buoy body.

[0046] like Figure 4As shown, the equipment platform 3 includes an equipment platform frame 3-1, and four vertical pipes are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the equipment platform frame 3-1. The buoyancy platform 2 and the equipment platform 3 are connected in series as one by the support rods correspondingly passing through the four vertical pipes on the buoyancy platform frame 2-1 and the equipment platform frame 3-1. Preferably, the buoyancy platform frame 2-1 and the equipment platform frame 3-1 are metal materials resistant to seawater corrosion, such as titanium alloys, etc. The frame structure is welded. The support rods are fixed by the hoisting blocks 2-12 arranged at the top of the buoyancy platform frame 2-1 and the bottom of the equipment platform frame 3-1. The equipment base 3-2 and the equipment clamp 3-3 are arranged in the equipment platform frame 3-1, which can install multiple large-capacity battery compartments and test equipment to realize power supply, and at the same time play the role of lowering the center of gravity of the submerged buoy and ballast, which helps the submerged buoy to maintain a vertical posture.

[0047] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the anchoring structure includes a mooring rope 4 connected to the bottom of the equipment platform 3, a secondary parallel releaser 6 connected to the lower end of the mooring rope 4, and a gravity anchor 7 whose release is controlled by the secondary parallel releaser 6. When the secondary parallel releaser 6 is released, it is detached from the gravity anchor 7, the gravity anchor 7 is abandoned, and the acoustic buoy is in a recovery state.

[0048] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown, the pitch adjustment mechanism includes a pitch adjustment screw 10 and a pitch adjustment release ring 8 whose distance relative to the pitch adjustment screw 10 is adjustable, and the pitch adjustment screw 10 and the pitch adjustment release ring 8 are connected by threads to achieve pitch adjustment. The release chain 2-10 passes through the pitch adjustment release ring 8, and the release hooks 2-11 connected to the two ends of the release chain 2-10 are respectively hung below the primary parallel releaser 1-7. The release chain 2-10 is tightened by lowering the height of the pitch adjustment release ring 8, so that the deployment platform 1 and the buoyancy platform 2 are connected as a whole in the vertical direction. The lower end of the pitch adjustment release ring 8 is a positive thread, and the upper end of the pitch adjustment screw 10 is a negative thread. The two ends of the pitch adjustment screw sleeve 9 are respectively positive and negative threads, which can cooperate with the pitch adjustment release ring 8 and the pitch adjustment screw 10. Only by rotating the pitch adjustment screw sleeve 9, the height of the pitch adjustment release ring 8 can be adjusted.

[0049] Preferably, the horizontal receiving array 11 is a hydrophone linear array with an outer sheath and inner oil or glue filling, and has a density close to that of water, and has a built-in acoustic sensor. In addition, each horizontal receiving array 11 is integrated with a posture sensor and a depth sensor.

[0050] Embodiment 2: A method for deploying a deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy is used to deploy the deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1, the mother ship sails at a low speed against the current, and the stern hanger of the mother ship uses a decoupling device to place the submerged buoy body and the deployment platform 1 pressed on the submerged buoy body into the water. After decoupling, the submerged buoy body floats on the sea surface;

[0052] S2, the mooring rope 4 is deployed into the water, and the mother ship hanger uses a dehooking device to deploy the pressure-resistant buoy 5 and the secondary parallel releaser 6 into the water and dehooke them, and the mooring rope 4 connects the equipment platform 3 and the pressure-resistant buoy 5;

[0053] S3, the mother ship hanger uses the unhooking device to put the gravity anchor 7 into the water and unhook it, and the gravity anchor 7 is connected to the secondary parallel releaser 6, so that the submerged buoy body sinks downward under the traction of the gravity anchor 7;

[0054] S4, using a hydroacoustic communication machine (equipment) to transmit the depth sensor and attitude sensor back to the deck the depth and attitude data of the buoy. When the returned depth and attitude data remain basically unchanged, it indicates that the gravity anchor 7 is seated on the bottom and the buoy body remains suspended and stable;

[0055] S5. The ship-based deck unit issues a command, the first-level parallel releaser 1-7 is released, the release chain 2-10 is disconnected from the deployment platform 1, the deployment platform 1 floats up and separates from the buoyancy platform 2, and at the same time, the horizontal receiving array 11 is deployed relative to the surroundings of the buoyancy platform 2;

[0056] S6. Using an underwater acoustic communication machine (equipment) to transmit the buoy attitude data obtained by the attitude sensor back to the deck, and using the attitude data to determine the deployment attitude of the buoy. Further, when the pitch angles of the four attitude sensors of the horizontal receiving array 11 are close to 0°, it indicates that the horizontal receiving array 11 is fully deployed in a cross horizontal attitude. When the buoy is deployed, it enters the working state;

[0057] S7. After the submerged buoy work is completed, the ship-based deck unit issues a command, the secondary parallel releaser 6 is released, the secondary parallel releaser 6 is disconnected from the gravity anchor 7, the gravity anchor 7 is abandoned, and enters the recovery state. The various parts of the submerged buoy float to the sea surface, and the beacon 1-8 sends the position information to the mother ship, and the mother ship approaches to salvage the sections.

[0058] Working process of the present invention:

[0059] After the gravity anchor 7 is seated at the bottom of the deep sea, the releaser deck unit commands the first-level parallel releaser 1-7 on the deployment platform 1 to release the hook, and the deployment platform 1 floats up under its own buoyancy and detaches from the buoy. At the same time, the deployment rod clamp ring 1-4 unlocks the horizontal deployment rod 12 gathered around the buoy. The horizontal deployment rod 12 in an inclined and unstable posture rotates around the deployment rod latch 15 of the horizontal deployment track 14 under the action of its own gravity until it lies flat on the horizontal deployment track 14. Four horizontal receiving arrays 11 are deployed around the buoy body in a horizontal cross posture.

[0060] After the buoy completes the underwater target detection mission, the releaser deck unit commands the secondary releaser 6 to jettison the gravity anchor 7, and the buoy changes to a recovery state. Each part of the buoy floats to the sea surface and is recovered in turn by the mother ship.

[0061] A deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy of the present invention has two structural forms: folded and unfolded. The acoustic buoy realizes the integration of acoustic receiving system, transmitting system, signal processing system, underwater acoustic communication system, power supply system, etc. It is deployed near the bottom of the deep sea in the folded state, and the first-level parallel releaser is released, and the unfolding float floats up and detaches, and the horizontal array unfolding rod is unlocked at the same time. Under the action of its own gravity, the horizontal array unfolding rod in the tilted unstable state lies flat in the horizontal unfolding track, and the pull rope pulls the unfolding rod. When the pitch angle of each receiving array attitude sensor transmitted back is close to 0°, it indicates that the receiving array is unfolded into a cross horizontal attitude. During recovery, the second-level parallel releaser is unhooked and anchored, and the buoy body immediately floats to the sea surface and is salvaged in sections by the mother ship. The present invention realizes the integrated design, autonomous deployment at anchor, and high-reliability recovery of the deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy, and is a new type of acoustic detection equipment.

[0062] It is understandable that, for those skilled in the art, any equivalent replacement or change to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy, characterized by: The acoustic buoy comprises a deployment platform (1) arranged on the top of the acoustic buoy, a buoy body located below the deployment platform (1), and an anchoring structure connected below the buoy body, wherein the buoy body comprises a buoyancy platform (2) arranged below the deployment platform (1) and an equipment platform (3) arranged below the buoyancy platform (2); The buoyancy platform (2) is used to provide buoyancy for the acoustic buoy, a distance adjustment mechanism is arranged above the buoyancy platform (2), and a horizontal deployment mechanism is arranged around the buoyancy platform (2), one end of the horizontal deployment mechanism is rotatably connected to the buoyancy platform (2), and the other end is connected to the deployment platform (1) in a latching manner, and a horizontal receiving array (11) is fixed on the horizontal deployment mechanism; A primary parallel releaser (1-7) is provided on the deployment platform (1), a release chain (2-10) is suspended below the primary parallel releaser (1-7), one end of the distance adjustment mechanism is fixed to the buoyancy platform (2), and the other end is used to be sleeved on the release chain (2-10), and the release chain (2-10) is tightened by adjusting the spacing of the distance adjustment mechanism, so that the deployment platform (1) and the buoyancy platform (2) are pressed in the vertical direction, at which time the horizontal receiving array (11) is retracted, and the acoustic buoy is in a deployed state; when the primary parallel releaser (1-7) is released, the release chain (2-10) is disengaged from the deployment platform (1), so that the deployment platform (1) is separated from the buoyancy platform (2), and at the same time, the horizontal deployment mechanism is disengaged from the deployment platform (1), and the horizontal receiving array (11) is deployed relative to the surroundings of the buoyancy platform (2) to form a cross horizontal posture, and the acoustic buoy is in a working state; The anchoring structure comprises a mooring rope (4) connected to the bottom of the equipment platform (3), a secondary parallel releaser (6) connected to the lower end of the mooring rope (4), and a gravity anchor (7) whose release is controlled by the secondary parallel releaser (6). When the secondary parallel releaser (6) is released, it is detached from the gravity anchor (7), the gravity anchor (7) is abandoned, and the acoustic buoy is in a recovery state.

2. The deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal deployment mechanism comprises a horizontal deployment track (14) arranged around the buoyancy platform (2) and a horizontal deployment rod (12) rotatably connected to the horizontal deployment track (14) through a deployment rod latch (15); a horizontal receiving array (11) is installed on the horizontal deployment rod (12) through a horizontal array clamp (13); deployment rod tilting columns (16) and deployment rod positioning columns (19) are arranged on the horizontal deployment rod (12) at intervals; the deployment rod positioning columns (19) are used to vertically fit into the deployment rod clamp (1-4) on the deployment platform (1); a pull rope (17) is connected to the horizontal deployment rod (12) near the deployment rod tilting column (16); the pull rope (17) is connected to a pull rope rod (18) fixed on the buoyancy platform (2); the deployment rod tilting column (16) is adjusted in length by a screw rod and supports the lower part of the pull rope rod (18), so that when the horizontal receiving array (11) is folded, the horizontal deployment rod (12) always maintains an outward tilting posture.

3. The deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deployment platform (1) comprises a deployment buoy frame (1-2), a deployment buoy (1-1) is installed on the top of the deployment buoy frame (1-2), a cavity is provided on the deployment buoy (1-1) for installing a first-stage parallel releaser (1-7) and a beacon (1-8), and the beacon (1-8) is used to send the location information of the buoy when the buoy body floats out of the sea surface; the deployment buoy frame (1-2) provides support for the deployment buoy (1-1), four deployment platform pillars (1-5) are arranged at the bottom of the deployment buoy frame (1-2), and a deployment platform limiting tube (1-6) is arranged at the bottom of each deployment platform pillar (1-5); a deployment arm (1-3) is extended outward from the four sides of the deployment buoy frame (1-2), and a deployment rod clamp (1-4) is arranged at the end of each deployment arm (1-3) for radially and horizontally locking the deployment rod positioning column (19).

4. The deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buoyancy platform (2) comprises a buoyancy platform frame (2-1), four vertical pipes are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the buoyancy platform frame (2-1), a plurality of floating blocks (2-2) are installed in the buoyancy platform frame (2-1), a floating block pressure plate (2-5) covers the top of the floating blocks (2-2), four deployment platform limit pins (2-6) are installed on the floating block pressure plate (2-5), and are used to cooperate with the deployment platform limit pipes (1-6) on the deployment floating frame (1-2) in a one-to-one manner to limit the horizontal displacement of the deployment platform (1); a floating block cavity (2-3) is opened on the floating block (2-2) for equipment installation and cable threading, and an equipment electronic cabin is installed in the floating block cavity (2-3) through an equipment pressure plate (2-4).

5. The deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The equipment platform (3) comprises an equipment platform frame (3-1), and four vertical pipes are correspondingly arranged at the four corners of the equipment platform frame (3-1). The buoyancy platform (2-1) and the equipment platform frame (3-1) are connected in series with each other through support rods passing through the four vertical pipes on the buoyancy platform frame (2-1) and the equipment platform frame (3-1). The buoyancy platform (2) and the equipment platform (3) are fixed by a lifting block (2-12) arranged at the top of the buoyancy platform frame (2-1) and the bottom of the equipment platform frame (3-1). An equipment base (3-2) and an equipment clamp (3-3) are arranged in the equipment platform frame (3-1) for installing test equipment.

6. The deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cage-shaped connecting frame (2-7) is provided directly above the buoyancy platform (2), the lower end of the connecting frame (2-7) is fixed to the buoyancy platform frame (2-1), the upper end of the connecting frame (2-7) is used to connect the distance adjustment mechanism, and a transducer transmitting array (2-8) composed of a plurality of transducers arranged vertically and closely is installed inside the connecting frame (2-7); a recovery rope convergence ring (2-9) is also installed above the connecting frame (2-7), and four-claw ropes connected to four lifting blocks (2-12) of the buoyancy platform (2) converge at the recovery rope convergence ring (2-9) for lifting and recovering the submerged buoy body.

7. The deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch adjustment mechanism comprises a pitch adjustment screw (10) and a pitch adjustment release ring (8) whose distance relative to the pitch adjustment screw (10) is adjustable; the pitch adjustment screw (10) and the pitch adjustment release ring (8) are connected by threads to achieve pitch adjustment; a release chain (2-10) passes through the pitch adjustment release ring (8), and release hooks (2-11) connected to both ends of the release chain (2-10) are respectively hung below a primary parallel releaser (1-7); the release chain (2-10) is tightened by lowering the height of the pitch adjustment release ring (8), so that the deployment platform (1) and the buoyancy platform (2) are connected in a vertical direction to form a whole.

8. The deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal receiving array (11) is a hydrophone linear array with an outer sheath and oil or glue filled inside, and has a density close to that of water and a built-in acoustic sensor. In addition, each horizontal receiving array (11) is integrated with a posture sensor and a depth sensor.

9. A method for deploying a deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy, used for deploying a deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the mother ship sails at a low speed against the current, and the stern hanger of the mother ship uses a decoupling device to place the submerged buoy body and the deployment platform (1) pressed on the submerged buoy body into the water, and after being decoupled, the submerged buoy body floats on the sea surface; S2, deploying the mooring rope (4) into the water, the mother ship hanger uses a decoupling device to deploy the pressure-resistant buoy (5) and the secondary parallel releaser (6) into the water and decouple them, and the mooring rope (4) connects the equipment platform (3) and the pressure-resistant buoy (5); S3, the mother ship hanger uses a dehooking device to place the gravity anchor (7) into the water to dehook it, and the gravity anchor (7) is connected to the secondary parallel releaser (6), so that the submerged buoy body sinks downward under the traction of the gravity anchor (7); S4, the depth sensor and the attitude sensor transmit the depth and attitude data of the buoy to the deck. When the transmitted depth and attitude data remain basically unchanged, it indicates that the gravity anchor (7) is seated on the bottom and the buoy body remains suspended and stable; S5. The ship-based deck unit issues a command, the first-level parallel releaser (1-7) is released, the release chain (2-10) is disconnected from the deployment platform (1), the deployment platform (1) floats up and separates from the buoyancy platform (2), and at the same time the horizontal receiving array (11) is deployed around the buoyancy platform (2); S6. The attitude sensor transmits the attitude data of the buoy to the deck, and uses the attitude data to determine the deployment attitude of the buoy. When the buoy is deployed, it enters the working state; S7. After the buoy work is completed, the ship-based deck unit issues a command to release the secondary parallel releaser (6), which is then disconnected from the gravity anchor (7). The gravity anchor (7) is discarded and enters the recovery state. The various parts of the buoy float to the sea surface, and the beacon (1-8) sends position information to the mother ship, which approaches to salvage the sections.

10. The method for deploying a deep-sea self-deployable horizontal array acoustic buoy according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S6, when the pitch angles of the four attitude sensors of the horizontal receiving array (11) are close to 0°, it indicates that the horizontal receiving array (11) is fully deployed and presents a cross horizontal attitude.

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